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| <div id="app" data-server-rendered="true"><div class="theme-container vuepress-theme-fast"><header class="navbar"><div class="sidebar-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="icon"><path fill="currentColor" d="M436 124H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12V80c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12z"></path></svg></div><a href="/zh/" class="home-link router-link-active"><img src="/logo@2x.svg" alt="WEEX" class="logo"></a><span class="version"><a href="/download/download.html" class="version-bg"><img src="/assets/img/version-bg.ab65ded9.svg" alt="v0.28"><span class="version-no">v0.28</span></a></span><div class="links"><form id="search-form" class="algolia-search-wrapper search-box"><input id="algolia-search-input" class="search-query"></form><nav class="nav-links can-hide"><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/guide/" class="nav-link">指南</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/docs/" class="nav-link router-link-active">文档</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/tools/" class="nav-link">第三方工具</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/download/" class="nav-link">下载</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/community/" class="nav-link">社区</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/blog/" class="nav-link">博客</a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">选择语言</span><span class="arrow right"></span></a><ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----><a href="/docs/api/broadcast-channel.html" class="nav-link">English</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----><a href="/zh/docs/api/broadcast-channel.html" class="nav-link router-link-exact-active router-link-active">简体中文</a></li></ul></div></div></nav><a href="https://github.com/apache/incubator-weex" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="repo-link"><img src="/assets/img/github.7cb484a9.svg" alt="github" class="github-icon"></a></div></header><div class="sidebar-mask"></div><div class="sidebar"><nav class="nav-links"><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/guide/" class="nav-link">指南</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/docs/" class="nav-link router-link-active">文档</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/tools/" class="nav-link">第三方工具</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/download/" class="nav-link">下载</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/community/" class="nav-link">社区</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/blog/" class="nav-link">博客</a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">选择语言</span><span class="arrow right"></span></a><ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----><a href="/docs/api/broadcast-channel.html" class="nav-link">English</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----><a href="/zh/docs/api/broadcast-channel.html" class="nav-link router-link-exact-active router-link-active">简体中文</a></li></ul></div></div></nav><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><div class="sidebar-group first"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>API</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/zh/docs/api/weex-variable.html" class="sidebar-link">Weex 环境变量</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/api/android-apis.html" class="sidebar-link">Android 接口</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/api/ios-apis.html" class="sidebar-link">iOS 接口</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/api/js-service.html" class="sidebar-link">JS 服务</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/api/broadcast-channel.html" class="active sidebar-link">跨页面通信</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/zh/docs/api/broadcast-channel.html#api" class="sidebar-link">API</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/zh/docs/api/broadcast-channel.html#通信过程" class="sidebar-link">通信过程</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/zh/docs/api/broadcast-channel.html#使用范例" class="sidebar-link">使用范例</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/zh/docs/api/broadcast-channel.html#注意事项" class="sidebar-link">注意事项</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li><div class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>内置组件</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/a.html" class="sidebar-link"><a></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/div.html" class="sidebar-link"><div></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/text.html" class="sidebar-link"><text></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/image.html" class="sidebar-link"><image></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/list.html" class="sidebar-link"><list></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/cell.html" class="sidebar-link"><cell></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/loading.html" class="sidebar-link"><loading></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/refresh.html" class="sidebar-link"><refresh></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/recycle-list.html" class="sidebar-link"><recycle-list></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/scroller.html" class="sidebar-link"><scroller></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/slider.html" class="sidebar-link"><slider></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/indicator.html" class="sidebar-link"><indicator></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/textarea.html" class="sidebar-link"><textarea></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/input.html" class="sidebar-link"><input></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/waterfall.html" class="sidebar-link"><waterfall></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/video.html" class="sidebar-link"><video></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/web.html" class="sidebar-link"><web></a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/components/richtext.html" class="sidebar-link"><richtext></a></li></ul></div></li><li><div class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>内置模块</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/animation.html" class="sidebar-link">animation</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/clipboard.html" class="sidebar-link">clipboard</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/dom.html" class="sidebar-link">dom</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/globalEvent.html" class="sidebar-link">globalEvent</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/meta.html" class="sidebar-link">meta</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/modal.html" class="sidebar-link">modal</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/navigator.html" class="sidebar-link">navigator</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/picker.html" class="sidebar-link">picker</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/storage.html" class="sidebar-link">storage</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/stream.html" class="sidebar-link">stream</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/webview.html" class="sidebar-link">webview</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/websockets.html" class="sidebar-link">webSockets</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/deviceInfo.html" class="sidebar-link">deviceInfo</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/modules/console-log.html" class="sidebar-link">console-log</a></li></ul></div></li><li><div class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>样式</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/zh/docs/styles/common-styles.html" class="sidebar-link">通用样式</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/styles/text-styles.html" class="sidebar-link">文本样式</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/styles/css-units.html" class="sidebar-link">CSS 单位</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/styles/color-name.html" class="sidebar-link">颜色值</a></li></ul></div></li><li><div class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>事件</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/zh/docs/events/common-events.html" class="sidebar-link">通用事件</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/events/event-bubbling.html" class="sidebar-link">事件冒泡</a></li><li><a href="/zh/docs/events/gesture.html" class="sidebar-link">手势</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div><div class="page"><div class="content"><blockquote><p><code>BroadcastChannel</code> 接口在 <span class="api-version">v0.9+</span> 及以上的版本中可用。</p></blockquote><p>在 <a href="/zh/guide/platform-difference.html">Weex 和 Web 的平台差异</a>中提到过，不同的 Weex 页面使用的是不同的执行环境，即使全局变量也是互相隔离的，然而使用 <code>BroadcastChannel</code> 是可以实现跨页面通信的。</p><h2 id="api"><a href="#api" class="header-anchor">#</a> API</h2><blockquote><p><em>BroadcastChannel</em> 是 <a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/comms.html#broadcasting-to-other-browsing-contexts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">W3C 规范<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a>中的一部分，其中依赖的 <a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/comms.html#messageevent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">MessageEvent<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a> 对象也是。</p></blockquote><p><code>BroadcastChannel</code> 的构造函数只接受一个参数，那就是“频道名称”（channel name）。</p><div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> bc <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">BroadcastChannel</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'007'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| </code></pre></div><p><code>BroadcastChannel</code> 接口的定义如下：</p><div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">declare</span> <span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">BroadcastChannel</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> |
| name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> |
| <span class="token function-variable function">postMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">message<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">any</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">void</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token function-variable function">onmessage</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">event<span class="token punctuation">:</span> MessageEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">void</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token function-variable function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">void</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div><ul><li><code>name</code>: 监听的频道名称，用来区分不同的频道（跨频道不可通信）。</li><li><code>postMessage</code>: 用于在当前频道中广播消息。</li><li><code>onmessage</code>: 消息事件的处理函数。在频道中接收到广播消息之后，会给所有订阅者派发消息事件。</li><li><code>close</code>: 关闭当前频道。</li></ul><p>消息对象（<code>MessageEvent</code>）的类型定义如下：</p><div class="language-typescript extra-class"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">declare</span> <span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">MessageEvent</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">type</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// "message"</span> |
| data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">any</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div><h2 id="通信过程"><a href="#通信过程" class="header-anchor">#</a> 通信过程</h2><p><img src="/assets/img/BroadcastChannel.53d53290.png" alt="BroadcastChannel"></p><p>就像使用无线电一样，每个页面通过创建一个具有相同频道名称的 BroadcastChannel 对象来加入特定频道。 然后实现 <code>onmessage</code> 接口来监听消息事件。通过调用 BroadcastChannel 对象上的 <code>postMessage()</code> 方法可以在频道中广播一条消息给所有订阅者。</p><p>事实上，这是在特定频道的所有用户之间的全双工（双向）通信，每个订阅者都可以在频道中彼此收发任何消息，即使消息的发送者也能收到自己发出的消息事件。不同频道之间的通信过程是不会互相影响的。</p><p>调用 BroadcastChannel 对象的 <code>close()</code> 方法可以离开一个频道，这个方法只关闭自己，并不影响其他订阅者。当某个 Weex 页面被销毁时，其中的所有订阅者将在 <code>destroyInstance</code> 中强制关闭。如果某个频道的所有用户都关闭了，这个频道对象将会被销毁，所占内存页能被回收。</p><h2 id="使用范例"><a href="#使用范例" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用范例</h2><p>在页面 A 中：</p><div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> Steve <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">BroadcastChannel</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Avengers'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| Steve<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">postMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Assemble!'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| </code></pre></div><p>在页面 B 中：</p><div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> Hulk <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">BroadcastChannel</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Avengers'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| </code></pre></div><p>在页面 C 中：</p><div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> Stark <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">BroadcastChannel</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Avengers'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| Stark<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">onmessage</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">event</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> |
| console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// Assemble!</span> |
| Stark<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">postMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'I am Tony and I am leaving now.'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div><p>页面 A 、B 、C 都创建一个监听了 <code>'Avengers'</code> 频道的 BroadcastChannel 对象，它们可以用这个对象实现互相通信。</p><p>当 Steve 发布了 <code>'Assemble!'</code> 消息时，Stark 将收到一个消息事件，其 <code>data</code> 字段等于 <code>'Assemble!'</code>，然后也向频道中回复一条消息。但是 Hulk 并不会收到这些消息，因为他没有实现<code>onmessage</code> 方法，相当于没有接收频道中的消息，所以他实际上不是一个订阅者。</p><blockquote><p>注释: Hulk 不会收到他自己发送的消息</p></blockquote><h2 id="注意事项"><a href="#注意事项" class="header-anchor">#</a> 注意事项</h2><blockquote><p><strong>消息事件中的对象并没有深度复制。</strong>（这个特性可能会修改）</p></blockquote><p>在页面 A 中：</p><div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> a <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">BroadcastChannel</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'app'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">const</span> list <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">'A'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'B'</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> |
| a<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">postMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> list <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| </code></pre></div><p>在页面 B 中：</p><div class="language-js extra-class"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> b <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">BroadcastChannel</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'app'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| b<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function-variable function">onmessage</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">event</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> |
| <span class="token comment">// the `event.data.list` is a reference of `list` in page A</span> |
| event<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>list<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'C'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div><p>在这个例子中，页面 B 中的 <code>event.data.list</code> 实际上是页面 A 中 <code>list</code> 对象的引用。在页面 B 中给列表添加一项 <code>'C'</code>，也将影响到页面 A 中的 <code>list</code> 对象。</p><p>相比于深度复制，这个行为可以减少页面中的内存消耗。开发者在使用时不应该存储或修改 <code>event</code> 对象。</p></div><div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"> |
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