| <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Source of the Rust file `/root/.cargo/git/checkouts/incubator-teaclave-crates-c8106113f74feefc/ede1f68/rand/src/distributions/distribution.rs`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang"><title>distribution.rs - source</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../../storage.js"></script><script defer src="../../../source-script.js"></script><script defer src="../../../source-files.js"></script><script defer src="../../../main.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="icon" href="https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.ico"></head><body class="rustdoc source"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../../rand/index.html"><div class="logo-container"> |
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| </pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="comment">// Copyright 2018 Developers of the Rand project. |
| // Copyright 2013-2017 The Rust Project Developers. |
| // |
| // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or |
| // https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license |
| // <LICENSE-MIT or https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your |
| // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed |
| // except according to those terms. |
| |
| </span><span class="doccomment">//! Distribution trait and associates |
| |
| </span><span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::Rng; |
| <span class="kw">use </span>core::iter; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"alloc"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">use </span>alloc::string::String; |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Types (distributions) that can be used to create a random instance of `T`. |
| /// |
| /// It is possible to sample from a distribution through both the |
| /// `Distribution` and [`Rng`] traits, via `distr.sample(&mut rng)` and |
| /// `rng.sample(distr)`. They also both offer the [`sample_iter`] method, which |
| /// produces an iterator that samples from the distribution. |
| /// |
| /// All implementations are expected to be immutable; this has the significant |
| /// advantage of not needing to consider thread safety, and for most |
| /// distributions efficient state-less sampling algorithms are available. |
| /// |
| /// Implementations are typically expected to be portable with reproducible |
| /// results when used with a PRNG with fixed seed; see the |
| /// [portability chapter](https://rust-random.github.io/book/portability.html) |
| /// of The Rust Rand Book. In some cases this does not apply, e.g. the `usize` |
| /// type requires different sampling on 32-bit and 64-bit machines. |
| /// |
| /// [`sample_iter`]: Distribution::sample_iter |
| </span><span class="kw">pub trait </span>Distribution<T> { |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Generate a random value of `T`, using `rng` as the source of randomness. |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>sample<R: Rng + <span class="question-mark">?</span>Sized>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, rng: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>R) -> T; |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Create an iterator that generates random values of `T`, using `rng` as |
| /// the source of randomness. |
| /// |
| /// Note that this function takes `self` by value. This works since |
| /// `Distribution<T>` is impl'd for `&D` where `D: Distribution<T>`, |
| /// however borrowing is not automatic hence `distr.sample_iter(...)` may |
| /// need to be replaced with `(&distr).sample_iter(...)` to borrow or |
| /// `(&*distr).sample_iter(...)` to reborrow an existing reference. |
| /// |
| /// # Example |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use rand::thread_rng; |
| /// use rand::distributions::{Distribution, Alphanumeric, Uniform, Standard}; |
| /// |
| /// let mut rng = thread_rng(); |
| /// |
| /// // Vec of 16 x f32: |
| /// let v: Vec<f32> = Standard.sample_iter(&mut rng).take(16).collect(); |
| /// |
| /// // String: |
| /// let s: String = Alphanumeric |
| /// .sample_iter(&mut rng) |
| /// .take(7) |
| /// .map(char::from) |
| /// .collect(); |
| /// |
| /// // Dice-rolling: |
| /// let die_range = Uniform::new_inclusive(1, 6); |
| /// let mut roll_die = die_range.sample_iter(&mut rng); |
| /// while roll_die.next().unwrap() != 6 { |
| /// println!("Not a 6; rolling again!"); |
| /// } |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>sample_iter<R>(<span class="self">self</span>, rng: R) -> DistIter<<span class="self">Self</span>, R, T> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span>R: Rng, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| { |
| DistIter { |
| distr: <span class="self">self</span>, |
| rng, |
| phantom: ::core::marker::PhantomData, |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Create a distribution of values of 'S' by mapping the output of `Self` |
| /// through the closure `F` |
| /// |
| /// # Example |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use rand::thread_rng; |
| /// use rand::distributions::{Distribution, Uniform}; |
| /// |
| /// let mut rng = thread_rng(); |
| /// |
| /// let die = Uniform::new_inclusive(1, 6); |
| /// let even_number = die.map(|num| num % 2 == 0); |
| /// while !even_number.sample(&mut rng) { |
| /// println!("Still odd; rolling again!"); |
| /// } |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>map<F, S>(<span class="self">self</span>, func: F) -> DistMap<<span class="self">Self</span>, F, T, S> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span>F: Fn(T) -> S, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| { |
| DistMap { |
| distr: <span class="self">self</span>, |
| func, |
| phantom: ::core::marker::PhantomData, |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">impl</span><<span class="lifetime">'a</span>, T, D: Distribution<T>> Distribution<T> <span class="kw">for </span><span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a </span>D { |
| <span class="kw">fn </span>sample<R: Rng + <span class="question-mark">?</span>Sized>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, rng: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>R) -> T { |
| (<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>).sample(rng) |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// An iterator that generates random values of `T` with distribution `D`, |
| /// using `R` as the source of randomness. |
| /// |
| /// This `struct` is created by the [`sample_iter`] method on [`Distribution`]. |
| /// See its documentation for more. |
| /// |
| /// [`sample_iter`]: Distribution::sample_iter |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[derive(Debug)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>DistIter<D, R, T> { |
| distr: D, |
| rng: R, |
| phantom: ::core::marker::PhantomData<T>, |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">impl</span><D, R, T> Iterator <span class="kw">for </span>DistIter<D, R, T> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span>D: Distribution<T>, |
| R: Rng, |
| { |
| <span class="kw">type </span>Item = T; |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[inline(always)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>next(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><T> { |
| <span class="comment">// Here, self.rng may be a reference, but we must take &mut anyway. |
| // Even if sample could take an R: Rng by value, we would need to do this |
| // since Rng is not copyable and we cannot enforce that this is "reborrowable". |
| </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.distr.sample(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>.rng)) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">fn </span>size_hint(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) -> (usize, <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><usize>) { |
| (usize::max_value(), <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">impl</span><D, R, T> iter::FusedIterator <span class="kw">for </span>DistIter<D, R, T> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span>D: Distribution<T>, |
| R: Rng, |
| { |
| } |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(features = <span class="string">"nightly"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">impl</span><D, R, T> iter::TrustedLen <span class="kw">for </span>DistIter<D, R, T> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span>D: Distribution<T>, |
| R: Rng, |
| { |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// A distribution of values of type `S` derived from the distribution `D` |
| /// by mapping its output of type `T` through the closure `F`. |
| /// |
| /// This `struct` is created by the [`Distribution::map`] method. |
| /// See its documentation for more. |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[derive(Debug)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>DistMap<D, F, T, S> { |
| distr: D, |
| func: F, |
| phantom: ::core::marker::PhantomData<<span class="kw">fn</span>(T) -> S>, |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">impl</span><D, F, T, S> Distribution<S> <span class="kw">for </span>DistMap<D, F, T, S> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span>D: Distribution<T>, |
| F: Fn(T) -> S, |
| { |
| <span class="kw">fn </span>sample<R: Rng + <span class="question-mark">?</span>Sized>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, rng: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>R) -> S { |
| (<span class="self">self</span>.func)(<span class="self">self</span>.distr.sample(rng)) |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// `String` sampler |
| /// |
| /// Sampling a `String` of random characters is not quite the same as collecting |
| /// a sequence of chars. This trait contains some helpers. |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"alloc"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub trait </span>DistString { |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Append `len` random chars to `string` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>append_string<R: Rng + <span class="question-mark">?</span>Sized>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, rng: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>R, string: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>String, len: usize); |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Generate a `String` of `len` random chars |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[inline] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>sample_string<R: Rng + <span class="question-mark">?</span>Sized>(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>, rng: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>R, len: usize) -> String { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>s = String::new(); |
| <span class="self">self</span>.append_string(rng, <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>s, len); |
| s |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(test)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>tests { |
| <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::distributions::{Distribution, Uniform}; |
| <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::Rng; |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[test] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_distributions_iter() { |
| <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::distributions::Open01; |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = <span class="kw">crate</span>::test::rng(<span class="number">210</span>); |
| <span class="kw">let </span>distr = Open01; |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>iter = Distribution::<f32>::sample_iter(distr, <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>rng); |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>sum: f32 = <span class="number">0.</span>; |
| <span class="kw">for _ in </span><span class="number">0</span>..<span class="number">100 </span>{ |
| sum += iter.next().unwrap(); |
| } |
| <span class="macro">assert!</span>(<span class="number">0. </span>< sum && sum < <span class="number">100.</span>); |
| } |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[test] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_distributions_map() { |
| <span class="kw">let </span>dist = Uniform::new_inclusive(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">5</span>).map(|val| val + <span class="number">15</span>); |
| |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = <span class="kw">crate</span>::test::rng(<span class="number">212</span>); |
| <span class="kw">let </span>val = dist.sample(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span>rng); |
| <span class="macro">assert!</span>((<span class="number">15</span>..=<span class="number">20</span>).contains(<span class="kw-2">&</span>val)); |
| } |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[test] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_make_an_iter() { |
| <span class="kw">fn </span>ten_dice_rolls_other_than_five<R: Rng>( |
| rng: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>R, |
| ) -> <span class="kw">impl </span>Iterator<Item = i32> + <span class="lifetime">'_ </span>{ |
| Uniform::new_inclusive(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">6</span>) |
| .sample_iter(rng) |
| .filter(|x| <span class="kw-2">*</span>x != <span class="number">5</span>) |
| .take(<span class="number">10</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = <span class="kw">crate</span>::test::rng(<span class="number">211</span>); |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>count = <span class="number">0</span>; |
| <span class="kw">for </span>val <span class="kw">in </span>ten_dice_rolls_other_than_five(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span>rng) { |
| <span class="macro">assert!</span>((<span class="number">1</span>..=<span class="number">6</span>).contains(<span class="kw-2">&</span>val) && val != <span class="number">5</span>); |
| count += <span class="number">1</span>; |
| } |
| <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(count, <span class="number">10</span>); |
| } |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[test] |
| #[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"alloc"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>test_dist_string() { |
| <span class="kw">use </span>core::str; |
| <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::distributions::{Alphanumeric, DistString, Standard}; |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = <span class="kw">crate</span>::test::rng(<span class="number">213</span>); |
| |
| <span class="kw">let </span>s1 = Alphanumeric.sample_string(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span>rng, <span class="number">20</span>); |
| <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(s1.len(), <span class="number">20</span>); |
| <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(str::from_utf8(s1.as_bytes()), <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(s1.as_str())); |
| |
| <span class="kw">let </span>s2 = Standard.sample_string(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span>rng, <span class="number">20</span>); |
| <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(s2.chars().count(), <span class="number">20</span>); |
| <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(str::from_utf8(s2.as_bytes()), <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(s2.as_str())); |
| } |
| } |
| </code></pre></div> |
| </section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-current-crate="rand" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.66.0-nightly (5c8bff74b 2022-10-21)" ></div></body></html> |
