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 <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Source of the Rust file `/root/.cargo/registry/src/github.com-1ecc6299db9ec823/either-1.8.1/src/lib.rs`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang"><title>lib.rs - source</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../storage.js"></script><script defer src="../../source-script.js"></script><script defer src="../../source-files.js"></script><script defer src="../../main.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc source"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../either/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div></a></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><nav class="sub"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../either/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><span></span><input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"><div id="help-button" title="help" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../help.html">?</a></div><div id="settings-menu" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="22" height="22" alt="Change settings" src="../../wheel.svg"></a></div></div></form></nav><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="example-wrap"><pre class="src-line-numbers"><span id="1">1</span>
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 </pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! The enum [`Either`] with variants `Left` and `Right` is a general purpose
 //! sum type with two cases.
 //!
 //! [`Either`]: enum.Either.html
 //!
 //! **Crate features:**
 //!
 //! * `&quot;use_std&quot;`
 //! Enabled by default. Disable to make the library `#![no_std]`.
 //!
 //! * `&quot;serde&quot;`
 //! Disabled by default. Enable to `#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]` for `Either`
 //!

 </span><span class="attribute">#![doc(html_root_url = <span class="string">&quot;https://docs.rs/either/1/&quot;</span>)]
 #![no_std]

 #[cfg(any(test, feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>))]
 </span><span class="kw">extern crate </span>std;

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;serde&quot;</span>)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub mod </span>serde_untagged;

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;serde&quot;</span>)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub mod </span>serde_untagged_optional;

 <span class="kw">use </span>core::convert::{AsMut, AsRef};
 <span class="kw">use </span>core::fmt;
 <span class="kw">use </span>core::future::Future;
 <span class="kw">use </span>core::iter;
 <span class="kw">use </span>core::ops::Deref;
 <span class="kw">use </span>core::ops::DerefMut;
 <span class="kw">use </span>core::pin::Pin;

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(any(test, feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>))]
 </span><span class="kw">use </span>std::error::Error;
 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(any(test, feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>))]
 </span><span class="kw">use </span>std::io::{<span class="self">self</span>, BufRead, Read, Seek, SeekFrom, Write};

 <span class="kw">pub use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::Either::{Left, Right};

 <span class="doccomment">/// The enum `Either` with variants `Left` and `Right` is a general purpose
 /// sum type with two cases.
 ///
 /// The `Either` type is symmetric and treats its variants the same way, without
 /// preference.
 /// (For representing success or error, use the regular `Result` enum instead.)
 </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg_attr(feature = <span class="string">&quot;serde&quot;</span>, derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))]
 #[derive(Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Debug)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub enum </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// A value of type `L`.
     </span>Left(L),
     <span class="doccomment">/// A value of type `R`.
     </span>Right(R),
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Evaluate the provided expression for both [`Either::Left`] and [`Either::Right`].
 ///
 /// This macro is useful in cases where both sides of [`Either`] can be interacted with
 /// in the same way even though the don&#39;t share the same type.
 ///
 /// Syntax: `either::for_both!(` *expression* `,` *pattern* `=&gt;` *expression* `)`
 ///
 /// # Example
 ///
 /// ```
 /// use either::Either;
 ///
 /// fn length(owned_or_borrowed: Either&lt;String, &amp;&#39;static str&gt;) -&gt; usize {
 ///     either::for_both!(owned_or_borrowed, s =&gt; s.len())
 /// }
 ///
 /// fn main() {
 ///     let borrowed = Either::Right(&quot;Hello world!&quot;);
 ///     let owned = Either::Left(&quot;Hello world!&quot;.to_owned());
 ///
 ///     assert_eq!(length(borrowed), 12);
 ///     assert_eq!(length(owned), 12);
 /// }
 /// ```
 </span><span class="attribute">#[macro_export]
 </span><span class="macro">macro_rules! </span>for_both {
     (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$value</span>:expr, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$pattern</span>:pat =&gt; <span class="macro-nonterminal">$result</span>:expr) =&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$value </span>{
             <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::Either::Left</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$pattern</span>) =&gt; <span class="macro-nonterminal">$result</span>,
             <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::Either::Right</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$pattern</span>) =&gt; <span class="macro-nonterminal">$result</span>,
         }
     };
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Macro for unwrapping the left side of an `Either`, which fails early
 /// with the opposite side. Can only be used in functions that return
 /// `Either` because of the early return of `Right` that it provides.
 ///
 /// See also `try_right!` for its dual, which applies the same just to the
 /// right side.
 ///
 /// # Example
 ///
 /// ```
 /// use either::{Either, Left, Right};
 ///
 /// fn twice(wrapper: Either&lt;u32, &amp;str&gt;) -&gt; Either&lt;u32, &amp;str&gt; {
 ///     let value = either::try_left!(wrapper);
 ///     Left(value * 2)
 /// }
 ///
 /// fn main() {
 ///     assert_eq!(twice(Left(2)), Left(4));
 ///     assert_eq!(twice(Right(&quot;ups&quot;)), Right(&quot;ups&quot;));
 /// }
 /// ```
 </span><span class="attribute">#[macro_export]
 </span><span class="macro">macro_rules! </span>try_left {
     (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$expr</span>:expr) =&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$expr </span>{
             <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::Left</span>(val) =&gt; val,
             <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::Right</span>(err) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::Right</span>(::core::convert::From::from(err)),
         }
     };
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Dual to `try_left!`, see its documentation for more information.
 </span><span class="attribute">#[macro_export]
 </span><span class="macro">macro_rules! </span>try_right {
     (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$expr</span>:expr) =&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$expr </span>{
             <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::Left</span>(err) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::Left</span>(::core::convert::From::from(err)),
             <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::Right</span>(val) =&gt; val,
         }
     };
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L: Clone, R: Clone&gt; Clone <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>clone(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(inner) =&gt; Left(inner.clone()),
             Right(inner) =&gt; Right(inner.clone()),
         }
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>clone_from(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, source: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">Self</span>) {
         <span class="kw">match </span>(<span class="self">self</span>, source) {
             (Left(dest), Left(source)) =&gt; dest.clone_from(source),
             (Right(dest), Right(source)) =&gt; dest.clone_from(source),
             (dest, source) =&gt; <span class="kw-2">*</span>dest = source.clone(),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Either&lt;L, R&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Return true if the value is the `Left` variant.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let values = [Left(1), Right(&quot;the right value&quot;)];
     /// assert_eq!(values[0].is_left(), true);
     /// assert_eq!(values[1].is_left(), false);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>is_left(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; bool {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; <span class="bool-val">true</span>,
             Right(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Return true if the value is the `Right` variant.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let values = [Left(1), Right(&quot;the right value&quot;)];
     /// assert_eq!(values[0].is_right(), false);
     /// assert_eq!(values[1].is_right(), true);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>is_right(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; bool {
         !<span class="self">self</span>.is_left()
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Convert the left side of `Either&lt;L, R&gt;` to an `Option&lt;L&gt;`.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, ()&gt; = Left(&quot;some value&quot;);
     /// assert_eq!(left.left(),  Some(&quot;some value&quot;));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;(), _&gt; = Right(321);
     /// assert_eq!(right.left(), None);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>left(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;L&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(l),
             Right(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Convert the right side of `Either&lt;L, R&gt;` to an `Option&lt;R&gt;`.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, ()&gt; = Left(&quot;some value&quot;);
     /// assert_eq!(left.right(),  None);
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;(), _&gt; = Right(321);
     /// assert_eq!(right.right(), Some(321));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>right(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;R&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">None</span>,
             Right(r) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(r),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Convert `&amp;Either&lt;L, R&gt;` to `Either&lt;&amp;L, &amp;R&gt;`.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, ()&gt; = Left(&quot;some value&quot;);
     /// assert_eq!(left.as_ref(), Left(&amp;&quot;some value&quot;));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;(), _&gt; = Right(&quot;some value&quot;);
     /// assert_eq!(right.as_ref(), Right(&amp;&quot;some value&quot;));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>as_ref(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; Either&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>L, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>R&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(<span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner) =&gt; Left(inner),
             Right(<span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner) =&gt; Right(inner),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Convert `&amp;mut Either&lt;L, R&gt;` to `Either&lt;&amp;mut L, &amp;mut R&gt;`.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// fn mutate_left(value: &amp;mut Either&lt;u32, u32&gt;) {
     ///     if let Some(l) = value.as_mut().left() {
     ///         *l = 999;
     ///     }
     /// }
     ///
     /// let mut left = Left(123);
     /// let mut right = Right(123);
     /// mutate_left(&amp;mut left);
     /// mutate_left(&amp;mut right);
     /// assert_eq!(left, Left(999));
     /// assert_eq!(right, Right(123));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>as_mut(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; Either&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>L, <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>R&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(<span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner) =&gt; Left(inner),
             Right(<span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner) =&gt; Right(inner),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Convert `Pin&lt;&amp;Either&lt;L, R&gt;&gt;` to `Either&lt;Pin&lt;&amp;L&gt;, Pin&lt;&amp;R&gt;&gt;`,
     /// pinned projections of the inner variants.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>as_pin_ref(<span class="self">self</span>: Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">Self</span>&gt;) -&gt; Either&lt;Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>L&gt;, Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>R&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="comment">// SAFETY: We can use `new_unchecked` because the `inner` parts are
         // guaranteed to be pinned, as they come from `self` which is pinned.
         </span><span class="kw">unsafe </span>{
             <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">*</span>Pin::get_ref(<span class="self">self</span>) {
                 Left(<span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner) =&gt; Left(Pin::new_unchecked(inner)),
                 Right(<span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner) =&gt; Right(Pin::new_unchecked(inner)),
             }
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Convert `Pin&lt;&amp;mut Either&lt;L, R&gt;&gt;` to `Either&lt;Pin&lt;&amp;mut L&gt;, Pin&lt;&amp;mut R&gt;&gt;`,
     /// pinned projections of the inner variants.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>as_pin_mut(<span class="self">self</span>: Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>&gt;) -&gt; Either&lt;Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>L&gt;, Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>R&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="comment">// SAFETY: `get_unchecked_mut` is fine because we don&#39;t move anything.
         // We can use `new_unchecked` because the `inner` parts are guaranteed
         // to be pinned, as they come from `self` which is pinned, and we never
         // offer an unpinned `&amp;mut L` or `&amp;mut R` through `Pin&lt;&amp;mut Self&gt;`. We
         // also don&#39;t have an implementation of `Drop`, nor manual `Unpin`.
         </span><span class="kw">unsafe </span>{
             <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">*</span>Pin::get_unchecked_mut(<span class="self">self</span>) {
                 Left(<span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner) =&gt; Left(Pin::new_unchecked(inner)),
                 Right(<span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner) =&gt; Right(Pin::new_unchecked(inner)),
             }
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Convert `Either&lt;L, R&gt;` to `Either&lt;R, L&gt;`.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, ()&gt; = Left(123);
     /// assert_eq!(left.flip(), Right(123));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;(), _&gt; = Right(&quot;some value&quot;);
     /// assert_eq!(right.flip(), Left(&quot;some value&quot;));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>flip(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; Either&lt;R, L&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; Right(l),
             Right(r) =&gt; Left(r),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Apply the function `f` on the value in the `Left` variant if it is present rewrapping the
     /// result in `Left`.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, u32&gt; = Left(123);
     /// assert_eq!(left.map_left(|x| x * 2), Left(246));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;u32, _&gt; = Right(123);
     /// assert_eq!(right.map_left(|x| x * 2), Right(123));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>map_left&lt;F, M&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; Either&lt;M, R&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnOnce(L) -&gt; M,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; Left(f(l)),
             Right(r) =&gt; Right(r),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Apply the function `f` on the value in the `Right` variant if it is present rewrapping the
     /// result in `Right`.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, u32&gt; = Left(123);
     /// assert_eq!(left.map_right(|x| x * 2), Left(123));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;u32, _&gt; = Right(123);
     /// assert_eq!(right.map_right(|x| x * 2), Right(246));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>map_right&lt;F, S&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; Either&lt;L, S&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnOnce(R) -&gt; S,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; Left(l),
             Right(r) =&gt; Right(f(r)),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Apply one of two functions depending on contents, unifying their result. If the value is
     /// `Left(L)` then the first function `f` is applied; if it is `Right(R)` then the second
     /// function `g` is applied.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// fn square(n: u32) -&gt; i32 { (n * n) as i32 }
     /// fn negate(n: i32) -&gt; i32 { -n }
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;u32, i32&gt; = Left(4);
     /// assert_eq!(left.either(square, negate), 16);
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;u32, i32&gt; = Right(-4);
     /// assert_eq!(right.either(square, negate), 4);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>either&lt;F, G, T&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F, g: G) -&gt; T
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnOnce(L) -&gt; T,
         G: FnOnce(R) -&gt; T,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; f(l),
             Right(r) =&gt; g(r),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Like `either`, but provide some context to whichever of the
     /// functions ends up being called.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// // In this example, the context is a mutable reference
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let mut result = Vec::new();
     ///
     /// let values = vec![Left(2), Right(2.7)];
     ///
     /// for value in values {
     ///     value.either_with(&amp;mut result,
     ///                       |ctx, integer| ctx.push(integer),
     ///                       |ctx, real| ctx.push(f64::round(real) as i32));
     /// }
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(result, vec![2, 3]);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>either_with&lt;Ctx, F, G, T&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, ctx: Ctx, f: F, g: G) -&gt; T
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnOnce(Ctx, L) -&gt; T,
         G: FnOnce(Ctx, R) -&gt; T,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; f(ctx, l),
             Right(r) =&gt; g(ctx, r),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Apply the function `f` on the value in the `Left` variant if it is present.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, u32&gt; = Left(123);
     /// assert_eq!(left.left_and_then::&lt;_,()&gt;(|x| Right(x * 2)), Right(246));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;u32, _&gt; = Right(123);
     /// assert_eq!(right.left_and_then(|x| Right::&lt;(), _&gt;(x * 2)), Right(123));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>left_and_then&lt;F, S&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; Either&lt;S, R&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnOnce(L) -&gt; Either&lt;S, R&gt;,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; f(l),
             Right(r) =&gt; Right(r),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Apply the function `f` on the value in the `Right` variant if it is present.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, u32&gt; = Left(123);
     /// assert_eq!(left.right_and_then(|x| Right(x * 2)), Left(123));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;u32, _&gt; = Right(123);
     /// assert_eq!(right.right_and_then(|x| Right(x * 2)), Right(246));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>right_and_then&lt;F, S&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; Either&lt;L, S&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnOnce(R) -&gt; Either&lt;L, S&gt;,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; Left(l),
             Right(r) =&gt; f(r),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Convert the inner value to an iterator.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, Vec&lt;u32&gt;&gt; = Left(vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5]);
     /// let mut right: Either&lt;Vec&lt;u32&gt;, _&gt; = Right(vec![]);
     /// right.extend(left.into_iter());
     /// assert_eq!(right, Right(vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5]));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="attribute">#[allow(clippy::should_implement_trait)]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>into_iter(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; Either&lt;L::IntoIter, R::IntoIter&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>L: IntoIterator,
         R: IntoIterator&lt;Item = L::Item&gt;,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; Left(l.into_iter()),
             Right(r) =&gt; Right(r.into_iter()),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Return left value or given value
     ///
     /// Arguments passed to `left_or` are eagerly evaluated; if you are passing
     /// the result of a function call, it is recommended to use [`left_or_else`],
     /// which is lazily evaluated.
     ///
     /// [`left_or_else`]: #method.left_or_else
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;&amp;str, &amp;str&gt; = Left(&quot;left&quot;);
     /// assert_eq!(left.left_or(&quot;foo&quot;), &quot;left&quot;);
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;&amp;str, &amp;str&gt; = Right(&quot;right&quot;);
     /// assert_eq!(right.left_or(&quot;left&quot;), &quot;left&quot;);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>left_or(<span class="self">self</span>, other: L) -&gt; L {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Left(l) =&gt; l,
             Either::Right(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; other,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Return left or a default
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;String, u32&gt; = Left(&quot;left&quot;.to_string());
     /// assert_eq!(left.left_or_default(), &quot;left&quot;);
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;String, u32&gt; = Right(42);
     /// assert_eq!(right.left_or_default(), String::default());
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>left_or_default(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; L
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>L: Default,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Left(l) =&gt; l,
             Either::Right(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; L::default(),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns left value or computes it from a closure
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;String, u32&gt; = Left(&quot;3&quot;.to_string());
     /// assert_eq!(left.left_or_else(|_| unreachable!()), &quot;3&quot;);
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;String, u32&gt; = Right(3);
     /// assert_eq!(right.left_or_else(|x| x.to_string()), &quot;3&quot;);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>left_or_else&lt;F&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; L
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnOnce(R) -&gt; L,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Left(l) =&gt; l,
             Either::Right(r) =&gt; f(r),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Return right value or given value
     ///
     /// Arguments passed to `right_or` are eagerly evaluated; if you are passing
     /// the result of a function call, it is recommended to use [`right_or_else`],
     /// which is lazily evaluated.
     ///
     /// [`right_or_else`]: #method.right_or_else
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let right: Either&lt;&amp;str, &amp;str&gt; = Right(&quot;right&quot;);
     /// assert_eq!(right.right_or(&quot;foo&quot;), &quot;right&quot;);
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;&amp;str, &amp;str&gt; = Left(&quot;left&quot;);
     /// assert_eq!(left.right_or(&quot;right&quot;), &quot;right&quot;);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>right_or(<span class="self">self</span>, other: R) -&gt; R {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Left(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; other,
             Either::Right(r) =&gt; r,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Return right or a default
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;String, u32&gt; = Left(&quot;left&quot;.to_string());
     /// assert_eq!(left.right_or_default(), u32::default());
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;String, u32&gt; = Right(42);
     /// assert_eq!(right.right_or_default(), 42);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>right_or_default(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; R
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>R: Default,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Left(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; R::default(),
             Either::Right(r) =&gt; r,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns right value or computes it from a closure
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;String, u32&gt; = Left(&quot;3&quot;.to_string());
     /// assert_eq!(left.right_or_else(|x| x.parse().unwrap()), 3);
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;String, u32&gt; = Right(3);
     /// assert_eq!(right.right_or_else(|_| unreachable!()), 3);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>right_or_else&lt;F&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; R
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnOnce(L) -&gt; R,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Left(l) =&gt; f(l),
             Either::Right(r) =&gt; r,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the left value
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, ()&gt; = Left(3);
     /// assert_eq!(left.unwrap_left(), 3);
     /// ```
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// When `Either` is a `Right` value
     ///
     /// ```should_panic
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let right: Either&lt;(), _&gt; = Right(3);
     /// right.unwrap_left();
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>unwrap_left(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; L
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>R: core::fmt::Debug,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Left(l) =&gt; l,
             Either::Right(r) =&gt; {
                 <span class="macro">panic!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;called `Either::unwrap_left()` on a `Right` value: {:?}&quot;</span>, r)
             }
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the right value
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let right: Either&lt;(), _&gt; = Right(3);
     /// assert_eq!(right.unwrap_right(), 3);
     /// ```
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// When `Either` is a `Left` value
     ///
     /// ```should_panic
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, ()&gt; = Left(3);
     /// left.unwrap_right();
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>unwrap_right(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; R
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>L: core::fmt::Debug,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Right(r) =&gt; r,
             Either::Left(l) =&gt; <span class="macro">panic!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;called `Either::unwrap_right()` on a `Left` value: {:?}&quot;</span>, l),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the left value
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, ()&gt; = Left(3);
     /// assert_eq!(left.expect_left(&quot;value was Right&quot;), 3);
     /// ```
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// When `Either` is a `Right` value
     ///
     /// ```should_panic
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let right: Either&lt;(), _&gt; = Right(3);
     /// right.expect_left(&quot;value was Right&quot;);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>expect_left(<span class="self">self</span>, msg: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>str) -&gt; L
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>R: core::fmt::Debug,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Left(l) =&gt; l,
             Either::Right(r) =&gt; <span class="macro">panic!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;{}: {:?}&quot;</span>, msg, r),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the right value
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let right: Either&lt;(), _&gt; = Right(3);
     /// assert_eq!(right.expect_right(&quot;value was Left&quot;), 3);
     /// ```
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// When `Either` is a `Left` value
     ///
     /// ```should_panic
     /// # use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, ()&gt; = Left(3);
     /// left.expect_right(&quot;value was Right&quot;);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>expect_right(<span class="self">self</span>, msg: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>str) -&gt; R
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>L: core::fmt::Debug,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Right(r) =&gt; r,
             Either::Left(l) =&gt; <span class="macro">panic!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;{}: {:?}&quot;</span>, msg, l),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Convert the contained value into `T`
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// # use either::*;
     /// // Both u16 and u32 can be converted to u64.
     /// let left: Either&lt;u16, u32&gt; = Left(3u16);
     /// assert_eq!(left.either_into::&lt;u64&gt;(), 3u64);
     /// let right: Either&lt;u16, u32&gt; = Right(7u32);
     /// assert_eq!(right.either_into::&lt;u64&gt;(), 7u64);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>either_into&lt;T&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; T
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>L: Into&lt;T&gt;,
         R: Into&lt;T&gt;,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Either::Left(l) =&gt; l.into(),
             Either::Right(r) =&gt; r.into(),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Either&lt;<span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;L&gt;, <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;R&gt;&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Factors out `None` from an `Either` of [`Option`].
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, Option&lt;String&gt;&gt; = Left(Some(vec![0]));
     /// assert_eq!(left.factor_none(), Some(Left(vec![0])));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;Option&lt;Vec&lt;u8&gt;&gt;, _&gt; = Right(Some(String::new()));
     /// assert_eq!(right.factor_none(), Some(Right(String::new())));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="comment">// TODO(MSRV): doc(alias) was stabilized in Rust 1.48
     // #[doc(alias = &quot;transpose&quot;)]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>factor_none(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;Either&lt;L, R&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; l.map(Either::Left),
             Right(r) =&gt; r.map(Either::Right),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R, E&gt; Either&lt;<span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;L, E&gt;, <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;R, E&gt;&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Factors out a homogenous type from an `Either` of [`Result`].
     ///
     /// Here, the homogeneous type is the `Err` type of the [`Result`].
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, Result&lt;String, u32&gt;&gt; = Left(Ok(vec![0]));
     /// assert_eq!(left.factor_err(), Ok(Left(vec![0])));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;Result&lt;Vec&lt;u8&gt;, u32&gt;, _&gt; = Right(Ok(String::new()));
     /// assert_eq!(right.factor_err(), Ok(Right(String::new())));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="comment">// TODO(MSRV): doc(alias) was stabilized in Rust 1.48
     // #[doc(alias = &quot;transpose&quot;)]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>factor_err(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;Either&lt;L, R&gt;, E&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; l.map(Either::Left),
             Right(r) =&gt; r.map(Either::Right),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T, L, R&gt; Either&lt;<span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;T, L&gt;, <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;T, R&gt;&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Factors out a homogenous type from an `Either` of [`Result`].
     ///
     /// Here, the homogeneous type is the `Ok` type of the [`Result`].
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, Result&lt;u32, String&gt;&gt; = Left(Err(vec![0]));
     /// assert_eq!(left.factor_ok(), Err(Left(vec![0])));
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;Result&lt;u32, Vec&lt;u8&gt;&gt;, _&gt; = Right(Err(String::new()));
     /// assert_eq!(right.factor_ok(), Err(Right(String::new())));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="comment">// TODO(MSRV): doc(alias) was stabilized in Rust 1.48
     // #[doc(alias = &quot;transpose&quot;)]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>factor_ok(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;T, Either&lt;L, R&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; l.map_err(Either::Left),
             Right(r) =&gt; r.map_err(Either::Right),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T, L, R&gt; Either&lt;(T, L), (T, R)&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Factor out a homogeneous type from an either of pairs.
     ///
     /// Here, the homogeneous type is the first element of the pairs.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, (u32, String)&gt; = Left((123, vec![0]));
     /// assert_eq!(left.factor_first().0, 123);
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;(u32, Vec&lt;u8&gt;), _&gt; = Right((123, String::new()));
     /// assert_eq!(right.factor_first().0, 123);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>factor_first(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; (T, Either&lt;L, R&gt;) {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left((t, l)) =&gt; (t, Left(l)),
             Right((t, r)) =&gt; (t, Right(r)),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T, L, R&gt; Either&lt;(L, T), (R, T)&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Factor out a homogeneous type from an either of pairs.
     ///
     /// Here, the homogeneous type is the second element of the pairs.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, (String, u32)&gt; = Left((vec![0], 123));
     /// assert_eq!(left.factor_second().1, 123);
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;(Vec&lt;u8&gt;, u32), _&gt; = Right((String::new(), 123));
     /// assert_eq!(right.factor_second().1, 123);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>factor_second(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; (Either&lt;L, R&gt;, T) {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left((l, t)) =&gt; (Left(l), t),
             Right((r, t)) =&gt; (Right(r), t),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; Either&lt;T, T&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Extract the value of an either over two equivalent types.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let left: Either&lt;_, u32&gt; = Left(123);
     /// assert_eq!(left.into_inner(), 123);
     ///
     /// let right: Either&lt;u32, _&gt; = Right(123);
     /// assert_eq!(right.into_inner(), 123);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>into_inner(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; T {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, inner =&gt; inner)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Map `f` over the contained value and return the result in the
     /// corresponding variant.
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use either::*;
     ///
     /// let value: Either&lt;_, i32&gt; = Right(42);
     ///
     /// let other = value.map(|x| x * 2);
     /// assert_eq!(other, Right(84));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>map&lt;F, M&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; Either&lt;M, M&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnOnce(T) -&gt; M,
     {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; Left(f(l)),
             Right(r) =&gt; Right(f(r)),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Convert from `Result` to `Either` with `Ok =&gt; Right` and `Err =&gt; Left`.
 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; From&lt;<span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;R, L&gt;&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>from(r: <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;R, L&gt;) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="kw">match </span>r {
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(e) =&gt; Left(e),
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(o) =&gt; Right(o),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Convert from `Either` to `Result` with `Right =&gt; Ok` and `Left =&gt; Err`.
 </span><span class="attribute">#[allow(clippy::from_over_into)] </span><span class="comment">// From requires RFC 2451, Rust 1.41
 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Into&lt;<span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;R, L&gt;&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>into(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;R, L&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{
             Left(l) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(l),
             Right(r) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(r),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R, A&gt; Extend&lt;A&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: Extend&lt;A&gt;,
     R: Extend&lt;A&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>extend&lt;T&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, iter: T)
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>T: IntoIterator&lt;Item = A&gt;,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.extend(iter))
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// `Either&lt;L, R&gt;` is an iterator if both `L` and `R` are iterators.
 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Iterator <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: Iterator,
     R: Iterator&lt;Item = L::Item&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">type </span>Item = L::Item;

     <span class="kw">fn </span>next(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>::Item&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.next())
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>size_hint(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; (usize, <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;usize&gt;) {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; inner.size_hint())
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>fold&lt;Acc, G&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, init: Acc, f: G) -&gt; Acc
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>G: FnMut(Acc, <span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -&gt; Acc,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, inner =&gt; inner.fold(init, f))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>for_each&lt;F&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F)
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item),
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, inner =&gt; inner.for_each(f))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>count(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; usize {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, inner =&gt; inner.count())
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>last(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>::Item&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, inner =&gt; inner.last())
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>nth(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, n: usize) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>::Item&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.nth(n))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>collect&lt;B&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; B
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>B: iter::FromIterator&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>::Item&gt;,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, inner =&gt; inner.collect())
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>partition&lt;B, F&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; (B, B)
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>B: Default + Extend&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>::Item&gt;,
         F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -&gt; bool,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, inner =&gt; inner.partition(f))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>all&lt;F&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; bool
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -&gt; bool,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.all(f))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>any&lt;F&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; bool
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -&gt; bool,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.any(f))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>find&lt;P&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, predicate: P) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>::Item&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>P: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -&gt; bool,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.find(predicate))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>find_map&lt;B, F&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;B&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;B&gt;,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.find_map(f))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>position&lt;P&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, predicate: P) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;usize&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>P: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -&gt; bool,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.position(predicate))
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; DoubleEndedIterator <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: DoubleEndedIterator,
     R: DoubleEndedIterator&lt;Item = L::Item&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>next_back(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>::Item&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.next_back())
     }

     <span class="comment">// TODO(MSRV): This was stabilized in Rust 1.37
     // fn nth_back(&amp;mut self, n: usize) -&gt; Option&lt;Self::Item&gt; {
     //     for_both!(*self, ref mut inner =&gt; inner.nth_back(n))
     // }

     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>rfold&lt;Acc, G&gt;(<span class="self">self</span>, init: Acc, f: G) -&gt; Acc
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>G: FnMut(Acc, <span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -&gt; Acc,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>, inner =&gt; inner.rfold(init, f))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>rfind&lt;P&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, predicate: P) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>::Item&gt;
     <span class="kw">where
         </span>P: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -&gt; bool,
     {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.rfind(predicate))
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; ExactSizeIterator <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: ExactSizeIterator,
     R: ExactSizeIterator&lt;Item = L::Item&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>len(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; usize {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; inner.len())
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; iter::FusedIterator <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: iter::FusedIterator,
     R: iter::FusedIterator&lt;Item = L::Item&gt;,
 {
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// `Either&lt;L, R&gt;` is a future if both `L` and `R` are futures.
 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Future <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: Future,
     R: Future&lt;Output = L::Output&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">type </span>Output = L::Output;

     <span class="kw">fn </span>poll(
         <span class="self">self</span>: Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>&gt;,
         cx: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>core::task::Context&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;,
     ) -&gt; core::task::Poll&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>::Output&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.as_pin_mut(), inner =&gt; inner.poll(cx))
     }
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(any(test, feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>))]
 </span><span class="doccomment">/// `Either&lt;L, R&gt;` implements `Read` if both `L` and `R` do.
 ///
 /// Requires crate feature `&quot;use_std&quot;`
 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Read <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: Read,
     R: Read,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>read(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>[u8]) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.read(buf))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>read_exact(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>[u8]) -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.read_exact(buf))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>read_to_end(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>std::vec::Vec&lt;u8&gt;) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.read_to_end(buf))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>read_to_string(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>std::string::String) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.read_to_string(buf))
     }
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(any(test, feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>))]
 </span><span class="doccomment">/// `Either&lt;L, R&gt;` implements `Seek` if both `L` and `R` do.
 ///
 /// Requires crate feature `&quot;use_std&quot;`
 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Seek <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: Seek,
     R: Seek,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>seek(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, pos: SeekFrom) -&gt; io::Result&lt;u64&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.seek(pos))
     }
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(any(test, feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>))]
 </span><span class="doccomment">/// Requires crate feature `&quot;use_std&quot;`
 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; BufRead <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: BufRead,
     R: BufRead,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>fill_buf(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; io::Result&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[u8]&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.fill_buf())
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>consume(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, amt: usize) {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.consume(amt))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>read_until(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, byte: u8, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>std::vec::Vec&lt;u8&gt;) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.read_until(byte, buf))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>read_line(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>std::string::String) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.read_line(buf))
     }
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(any(test, feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>))]
 </span><span class="doccomment">/// `Either&lt;L, R&gt;` implements `Write` if both `L` and `R` do.
 ///
 /// Requires crate feature `&quot;use_std&quot;`
 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Write <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: Write,
     R: Write,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>write(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[u8]) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.write(buf))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>write_all(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[u8]) -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.write_all(buf))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>write_fmt(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, fmt: fmt::Arguments&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.write_fmt(fmt))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>flush(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.flush())
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R, Target&gt; AsRef&lt;Target&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: AsRef&lt;Target&gt;,
     R: AsRef&lt;Target&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>as_ref(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>Target {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; inner.as_ref())
     }
 }

 <span class="macro">macro_rules! </span>impl_specific_ref_and_mut {
     (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>:ty, $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$attr</span>:meta),* ) =&gt; {
         $(<span class="attribute">#[<span class="macro-nonterminal">$attr</span>]</span>)*
         <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; AsRef&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
             <span class="kw">where </span>L: AsRef&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;, R: AsRef&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;
         {
             <span class="kw">fn </span>as_ref(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$t </span>{
                 <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; inner.as_ref())
             }
         }

         $(<span class="attribute">#[<span class="macro-nonterminal">$attr</span>]</span>)*
         <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; AsMut&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
             <span class="kw">where </span>L: AsMut&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;, R: AsMut&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;
         {
             <span class="kw">fn </span>as_mut(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="macro-nonterminal">$t </span>{
                 <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.as_mut())
             }
         }
     };
 }

 <span class="macro">impl_specific_ref_and_mut!</span>(str,);
 <span class="macro">impl_specific_ref_and_mut!</span>(
     ::std::path::Path,
     cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>),
     doc = <span class="string">&quot;Requires crate feature `use_std`.&quot;
 </span>);
 <span class="macro">impl_specific_ref_and_mut!</span>(
     ::std::ffi::OsStr,
     cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>),
     doc = <span class="string">&quot;Requires crate feature `use_std`.&quot;
 </span>);
 <span class="macro">impl_specific_ref_and_mut!</span>(
     ::std::ffi::CStr,
     cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>),
     doc = <span class="string">&quot;Requires crate feature `use_std`.&quot;
 </span>);

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R, Target&gt; AsRef&lt;[Target]&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: AsRef&lt;[Target]&gt;,
     R: AsRef&lt;[Target]&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>as_ref(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[Target] {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; inner.as_ref())
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R, Target&gt; AsMut&lt;Target&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: AsMut&lt;Target&gt;,
     R: AsMut&lt;Target&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>as_mut(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>Target {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.as_mut())
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R, Target&gt; AsMut&lt;[Target]&gt; <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: AsMut&lt;[Target]&gt;,
     R: AsMut&lt;[Target]&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>as_mut(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>[Target] {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; inner.as_mut())
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Deref <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: Deref,
     R: Deref&lt;Target = L::Target&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">type </span>Target = L::Target;

     <span class="kw">fn </span>deref(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Target {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;**</span>inner)
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; DerefMut <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: DerefMut,
     R: DerefMut&lt;Target = L::Target&gt;,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>deref_mut(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>::Target {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref mut </span>inner =&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut *</span>inner)
     }
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(any(test, feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>))]
 </span><span class="doccomment">/// `Either` implements `Error` if *both* `L` and `R` implement it.
 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; Error <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: Error,
     R: Error,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>source(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>(<span class="kw">dyn </span>Error + <span class="lifetime">&#39;static</span>)&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; inner.source())
     }

     <span class="attribute">#[allow(deprecated)]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>description(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>str {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; inner.description())
     }

     <span class="attribute">#[allow(deprecated)]
     </span><span class="kw">fn </span>cause(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="kw">dyn </span>Error&gt; {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; inner.cause())
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;L, R&gt; fmt::Display <span class="kw">for </span>Either&lt;L, R&gt;
 <span class="kw">where
     </span>L: fmt::Display,
     R: fmt::Display,
 {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>fmt(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, f: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>fmt::Formatter&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; fmt::Result {
         <span class="macro">for_both!</span>(<span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">ref </span>inner =&gt; inner.fmt(f))
     }
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[test]
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>basic() {
     <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>e = Left(<span class="number">2</span>);
     <span class="kw">let </span>r = Right(<span class="number">2</span>);
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(e, Left(<span class="number">2</span>));
     e = r;
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(e, Right(<span class="number">2</span>));
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(e.left(), <span class="prelude-val">None</span>);
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(e.right(), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="number">2</span>));
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(e.as_ref().right(), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="number">2</span>));
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(e.as_mut().right(), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="number">2</span>));
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[test]
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>macros() {
     <span class="kw">use </span>std::string::String;

     <span class="kw">fn </span>a() -&gt; Either&lt;u32, u32&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>x: u32 = <span class="macro">try_left!</span>(Right(<span class="number">1337u32</span>));
         Left(x * <span class="number">2</span>)
     }
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(a(), Right(<span class="number">1337</span>));

     <span class="kw">fn </span>b() -&gt; Either&lt;String, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;static </span>str&gt; {
         Right(<span class="macro">try_right!</span>(Left(<span class="string">&quot;foo bar&quot;</span>)))
     }
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(b(), Left(String::from(<span class="string">&quot;foo bar&quot;</span>)));
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[test]
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>deref() {
     <span class="kw">use </span>std::string::String;

     <span class="kw">fn </span>is_str(<span class="kw">_</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>str) {}
     <span class="kw">let </span>value: Either&lt;String, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>str&gt; = Left(String::from(<span class="string">&quot;test&quot;</span>));
     is_str(<span class="kw-2">&amp;*</span>value);
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[test]
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>iter() {
     <span class="kw">let </span>x = <span class="number">3</span>;
     <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>iter = <span class="kw">match </span>x {
         <span class="number">3 </span>=&gt; Left(<span class="number">0</span>..<span class="number">10</span>),
         <span class="kw">_ </span>=&gt; Right(<span class="number">17</span>..),
     };

     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(iter.next(), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="number">0</span>));
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(iter.count(), <span class="number">9</span>);
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[test]
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>seek() {
     <span class="kw">use </span>std::io;

     <span class="kw">let </span>use_empty = <span class="bool-val">false</span>;
     <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>mockdata = [<span class="number">0x00</span>; <span class="number">256</span>];
     <span class="kw">for </span>i <span class="kw">in </span><span class="number">0</span>..<span class="number">256 </span>{
         mockdata[i] = i <span class="kw">as </span>u8;
     }

     <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>reader = <span class="kw">if </span>use_empty {
         <span class="comment">// Empty didn&#39;t impl Seek until Rust 1.51
         </span>Left(io::Cursor::new([]))
     } <span class="kw">else </span>{
         Right(io::Cursor::new(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>mockdata[..]))
     };

     <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>buf = [<span class="number">0u8</span>; <span class="number">16</span>];
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(reader.read(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>buf).unwrap(), buf.len());
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(buf, mockdata[..buf.len()]);

     <span class="comment">// the first read should advance the cursor and return the next 16 bytes thus the `ne`
     </span><span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(reader.read(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>buf).unwrap(), buf.len());
     <span class="macro">assert_ne!</span>(buf, mockdata[..buf.len()]);

     <span class="comment">// if the seek operation fails it should read 16..31 instead of 0..15
     </span>reader.seek(io::SeekFrom::Start(<span class="number">0</span>)).unwrap();
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(reader.read(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>buf).unwrap(), buf.len());
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(buf, mockdata[..buf.len()]);
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[test]
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>read_write() {
     <span class="kw">use </span>std::io;

     <span class="kw">let </span>use_stdio = <span class="bool-val">false</span>;
     <span class="kw">let </span>mockdata = [<span class="number">0xff</span>; <span class="number">256</span>];

     <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>reader = <span class="kw">if </span>use_stdio {
         Left(io::stdin())
     } <span class="kw">else </span>{
         Right(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>mockdata[..])
     };

     <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>buf = [<span class="number">0u8</span>; <span class="number">16</span>];
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(reader.read(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>buf).unwrap(), buf.len());
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buf, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>mockdata[..buf.len()]);

     <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>mockbuf = [<span class="number">0u8</span>; <span class="number">256</span>];
     <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>writer = <span class="kw">if </span>use_stdio {
         Left(io::stdout())
     } <span class="kw">else </span>{
         Right(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>mockbuf[..])
     };

     <span class="kw">let </span>buf = [<span class="number">1u8</span>; <span class="number">16</span>];
     <span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(writer.write(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>buf).unwrap(), buf.len());
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[test]
 #[allow(deprecated)]
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>error() {
     <span class="kw">let </span>invalid_utf8 = <span class="string">b&quot;\xff&quot;</span>;
     <span class="kw">let </span>res = <span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(error) = ::std::str::from_utf8(invalid_utf8) {
         <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(Left(error))
     } <span class="kw">else if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(error) = <span class="string">&quot;x&quot;</span>.parse::&lt;i32&gt;() {
         <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(Right(error))
     } <span class="kw">else </span>{
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     };
     <span class="macro">assert!</span>(res.is_err());
     res.unwrap_err().description(); <span class="comment">// make sure this can be called
 </span>}

 <span class="doccomment">/// A helper macro to check if AsRef and AsMut are implemented for a given type.
 </span><span class="macro">macro_rules! </span>check_t {
     (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>:ty) =&gt; {{
         <span class="kw">fn </span>check_ref&lt;T: AsRef&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;&gt;() {}
         <span class="kw">fn </span>propagate_ref&lt;T1: AsRef&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;, T2: AsRef&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;&gt;() {
             check_ref::&lt;Either&lt;T1, T2&gt;&gt;()
         }
         <span class="kw">fn </span>check_mut&lt;T: AsMut&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;&gt;() {}
         <span class="kw">fn </span>propagate_mut&lt;T1: AsMut&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;, T2: AsMut&lt;<span class="macro-nonterminal">$t</span>&gt;&gt;() {
             check_mut::&lt;Either&lt;T1, T2&gt;&gt;()
         }
     }};
 }

 <span class="comment">// This &quot;unused&quot; method is here to ensure that compilation doesn&#39;t fail on given types.
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>_unsized_ref_propagation() {
     <span class="macro">check_t!</span>(str);

     <span class="kw">fn </span>check_array_ref&lt;T: AsRef&lt;[Item]&gt;, Item&gt;() {}
     <span class="kw">fn </span>check_array_mut&lt;T: AsMut&lt;[Item]&gt;, Item&gt;() {}

     <span class="kw">fn </span>propagate_array_ref&lt;T1: AsRef&lt;[Item]&gt;, T2: AsRef&lt;[Item]&gt;, Item&gt;() {
         check_array_ref::&lt;Either&lt;T1, T2&gt;, <span class="kw">_</span>&gt;()
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>propagate_array_mut&lt;T1: AsMut&lt;[Item]&gt;, T2: AsMut&lt;[Item]&gt;, Item&gt;() {
         check_array_mut::&lt;Either&lt;T1, T2&gt;, <span class="kw">_</span>&gt;()
     }
 }

 <span class="comment">// This &quot;unused&quot; method is here to ensure that compilation doesn&#39;t fail on given types.
 </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;use_std&quot;</span>)]
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>_unsized_std_propagation() {
     <span class="macro">check_t!</span>(::std::path::Path);
     <span class="macro">check_t!</span>(::std::ffi::OsStr);
     <span class="macro">check_t!</span>(::std::ffi::CStr);
 }
 </code></pre></div>
 </section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="either" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.66.0-nightly (5c8bff74b 2022-10-21)" ></div></body></html>