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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Source of the Rust file `/root/.cargo/registry/src/github.com-1ecc6299db9ec823/arc-swap-1.6.0/src/debt/list.rs`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang"><title>list.rs - source</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../../storage.js"></script><script defer src="../../../source-script.js"></script><script defer src="../../../source-files.js"></script><script defer src="../../../main.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc source"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../../arc_swap/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div></a></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><nav class="sub"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../../arc_swap/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><span></span><input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"><div id="help-button" title="help" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../../help.html">?</a></div><div id="settings-menu" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="22" height="22" alt="Change settings" src="../../../wheel.svg"></a></div></div></form></nav><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="example-wrap"><pre class="src-line-numbers"><span id="1">1</span>
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</pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! A linked list of debt nodes.
//!
//! A node may or may not be owned by a thread. Reader debts are allocated in its owned node,
//! writer walks everything (but may also use some owned values).
//!
//! The list is prepend-only ‒ if thread dies, the node lives on (and can be claimed by another
//! thread later on). This makes the implementation much simpler, since everything here is
//! `&#39;static` and we don&#39;t have to care about knowing when to free stuff.
//!
//! The nodes contain both the fast primary slots and a secondary fallback ones.
//!
//! # Synchronization
//!
//! We synchronize several things here.
//!
//! The addition of nodes is synchronized through the head (Load on each read, AcqReal on each
//! attempt to add another node). Note that certain parts never change after that (they aren&#39;t even
//! atomic) and other things that do change take care of themselves (the debt slots have their own
//! synchronization, etc).
//!
//! The ownership is acquire-release lock pattern.
//!
//! Similar, the counting of active writers is an acquire-release lock pattern.
//!
//! We also do release-acquire &quot;send&quot; from the start-cooldown to check-cooldown to make sure we see
//! at least as up to date value of the writers as when the cooldown started. That we if we see 0,
//! we know it must have happened since then.
</span><span class="kw">use </span>std::cell::Cell;
<span class="kw">use </span>std::ptr;
<span class="kw">use </span>std::slice::Iter;
<span class="kw">use </span>std::sync::atomic::Ordering::<span class="kw-2">*</span>;
<span class="kw">use </span>std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, AtomicUsize};
<span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">super</span>::fast::{Local <span class="kw">as </span>FastLocal, Slots <span class="kw">as </span>FastSlots};
<span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">super</span>::helping::{Local <span class="kw">as </span>HelpingLocal, Slots <span class="kw">as </span>HelpingSlots};
<span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">super</span>::Debt;
<span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::RefCnt;
<span class="kw">const </span>NODE_UNUSED: usize = <span class="number">0</span>;
<span class="kw">const </span>NODE_USED: usize = <span class="number">1</span>;
<span class="kw">const </span>NODE_COOLDOWN: usize = <span class="number">2</span>;
<span class="doccomment">/// The head of the debt linked list.
</span><span class="kw">static </span>LIST_HEAD: AtomicPtr&lt;Node&gt; = AtomicPtr::new(ptr::null_mut());
<span class="kw">pub struct </span>NodeReservation&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;a</span>&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;a </span>Node);
<span class="kw">impl </span>Drop <span class="kw">for </span>NodeReservation&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt; {
<span class="kw">fn </span>drop(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) {
<span class="self">self</span>.<span class="number">0</span>.active_writers.fetch_sub(<span class="number">1</span>, Release);
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// One thread-local node for debts.
</span><span class="attribute">#[repr(C, align(<span class="number">64</span>))]
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">struct </span>Node {
fast: FastSlots,
helping: HelpingSlots,
in_use: AtomicUsize,
<span class="comment">// Next node in the list.
//
// It is a pointer because we touch it before synchronization (we don&#39;t _dereference_ it before
// synchronization, only manipulate the pointer itself). That is illegal according to strict
// interpretation of the rules by MIRI on references.
</span>next: <span class="kw-2">*const </span>Node,
active_writers: AtomicUsize,
}
<span class="kw">impl </span>Default <span class="kw">for </span>Node {
<span class="kw">fn </span>default() -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
Node {
fast: FastSlots::default(),
helping: HelpingSlots::default(),
in_use: AtomicUsize::new(NODE_USED),
next: ptr::null(),
active_writers: AtomicUsize::new(<span class="number">0</span>),
}
}
}
<span class="kw">impl </span>Node {
<span class="doccomment">/// Goes through the debt linked list.
///
/// This traverses the linked list, calling the closure on each node. If the closure returns
/// `Some`, it terminates with that value early, otherwise it runs to the end.
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>traverse&lt;R, F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;static </span>Node) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;R&gt;&gt;(<span class="kw-2">mut </span>f: F) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;R&gt; {
<span class="comment">// Acquire ‒ we want to make sure we read the correct version of data at the end of the
// pointer. Any write to the DEBT_HEAD is with Release.
//
// Furthermore, we need to see the newest version of the list in case we examine the debts
// - if a new one is added recently, we don&#39;t want a stale read -&gt; SeqCst.
//
// Note that the other pointers in the chain never change and are *ordinary* pointers. The
// whole linked list is synchronized through the head.
</span><span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>current = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ LIST_HEAD.load(SeqCst).as_ref() };
<span class="kw">while let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(node) = current {
<span class="kw">let </span>result = f(node);
<span class="kw">if </span>result.is_some() {
<span class="kw">return </span>result;
}
current = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ node.next.as_ref() };
}
<span class="prelude-val">None
</span>}
<span class="doccomment">/// Put the current thread node into cooldown
</span><span class="kw">fn </span>start_cooldown(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) {
<span class="comment">// Trick: Make sure we have an up to date value of the active_writers in this thread, so we
// can properly release it below.
</span><span class="kw">let </span>_reservation = <span class="self">self</span>.reserve_writer();
<span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(NODE_USED, <span class="self">self</span>.in_use.swap(NODE_COOLDOWN, Release));
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Perform a cooldown if the node is ready.
///
/// See the ABA protection at the [helping].
</span><span class="kw">fn </span>check_cooldown(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) {
<span class="comment">// Check if the node is in cooldown, for two reasons:
// * Skip most of nodes fast, without dealing with them.
// * More importantly, sync the value of active_writers to be at least the value when the
// cooldown started. That way we know the 0 we observe happened some time after
// start_cooldown.
</span><span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.in_use.load(Acquire) == NODE_COOLDOWN {
<span class="comment">// The rest can be nicely relaxed ‒ no memory is being synchronized by these
// operations. We just see an up to date 0 and allow someone (possibly us) to claim the
// node later on.
</span><span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.active_writers.load(Relaxed) == <span class="number">0 </span>{
<span class="kw">let _ </span>= <span class="self">self
</span>.in_use
.compare_exchange(NODE_COOLDOWN, NODE_UNUSED, Relaxed, Relaxed);
}
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Mark this node that a writer is currently playing with it.
</span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>reserve_writer(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; NodeReservation {
<span class="self">self</span>.active_writers.fetch_add(<span class="number">1</span>, Acquire);
NodeReservation(<span class="self">self</span>)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// &quot;Allocate&quot; a node.
///
/// Either a new one is created, or previous one is reused. The node is claimed to become
/// in_use.
</span><span class="kw">fn </span>get() -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;static </span><span class="self">Self </span>{
<span class="comment">// Try to find an unused one in the chain and reuse it.
</span><span class="self">Self</span>::traverse(|node| {
node.check_cooldown();
<span class="kw">if </span>node
.in_use
<span class="comment">// We claim a unique control over the generation and the right to write to slots if
// they are NO_DEPT
</span>.compare_exchange(NODE_UNUSED, NODE_USED, SeqCst, Relaxed)
.is_ok()
{
<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(node)
} <span class="kw">else </span>{
<span class="prelude-val">None
</span>}
})
<span class="comment">// If that didn&#39;t work, create a new one and prepend to the list.
</span>.unwrap_or_else(|| {
<span class="kw">let </span>node = Box::leak(Box::&lt;Node&gt;::default());
node.helping.init();
<span class="comment">// We don&#39;t want to read any data in addition to the head, Relaxed is fine
// here.
//
// We do need to release the data to others, but for that, we acquire in the
// compare_exchange below.
</span><span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>head = LIST_HEAD.load(Relaxed);
<span class="kw">loop </span>{
node.next = head;
<span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(old) = LIST_HEAD.compare_exchange_weak(
head, node,
<span class="comment">// We need to release *the whole chain* here. For that, we need to
// acquire it first.
//
// SeqCst because we need to make sure it is properly set &quot;before&quot; we do
// anything to the debts.
</span>SeqCst, Relaxed, <span class="comment">// Nothing changed, go next round of the loop.
</span>) {
head = old;
} <span class="kw">else </span>{
<span class="kw">return </span>node;
}
}
})
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Iterate over the fast slots.
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>fast_slots(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; Iter&lt;Debt&gt; {
<span class="self">self</span>.fast.into_iter()
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Access the helping slot.
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>helping_slot(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>Debt {
<span class="self">self</span>.helping.slot()
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// A wrapper around a node pointer, to un-claim the node on thread shutdown.
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">struct </span>LocalNode {
<span class="doccomment">/// Node for this thread, if any.
///
/// We don&#39;t necessarily have to own one, but if we don&#39;t, we&#39;ll get one before the first use.
</span>node: Cell&lt;<span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;static </span>Node&gt;&gt;,
<span class="doccomment">/// Thread-local data for the fast slots.
</span>fast: FastLocal,
<span class="doccomment">/// Thread local data for the helping strategy.
</span>helping: HelpingLocal,
}
<span class="kw">impl </span>LocalNode {
<span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>with&lt;R, F: FnOnce(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>LocalNode) -&gt; R&gt;(f: F) -&gt; R {
<span class="kw">let </span>f = Cell::new(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(f));
THREAD_HEAD
.try_with(|head| {
<span class="kw">if </span>head.node.get().is_none() {
head.node.set(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Node::get()));
}
<span class="kw">let </span>f = f.take().unwrap();
f(head)
})
<span class="comment">// During the application shutdown, the thread local storage may be already
// deallocated. In that case, the above fails but we still need something. So we just
// find or allocate a node and use it just once.
//
// Note that the situation should be very very rare and not happen often, so the slower
// performance doesn&#39;t matter that much.
</span>.unwrap_or_else(|<span class="kw">_</span>| {
<span class="kw">let </span>tmp_node = LocalNode {
node: Cell::new(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(Node::get())),
fast: FastLocal::default(),
helping: HelpingLocal::default(),
};
<span class="kw">let </span>f = f.take().unwrap();
f(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>tmp_node)
<span class="comment">// Drop of tmp_node -&gt; sends the node we just used into cooldown.
</span>})
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Creates a new debt.
///
/// This stores the debt of the given pointer (untyped, casted into an usize) and returns a
/// reference to that slot, or gives up with `None` if all the slots are currently full.
</span><span class="attribute">#[inline]
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>new_fast(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, ptr: usize) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;static </span>Debt&gt; {
<span class="kw">let </span>node = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.node.get().expect(<span class="string">&quot;LocalNode::with ensures it is set&quot;</span>);
<span class="macro">debug_assert_eq!</span>(node.in_use.load(Relaxed), NODE_USED);
node.fast.get_debt(ptr, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.fast)
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Initializes a helping slot transaction.
///
/// Returns the generation (with tag).
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>new_helping(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, ptr: usize) -&gt; usize {
<span class="kw">let </span>node = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.node.get().expect(<span class="string">&quot;LocalNode::with ensures it is set&quot;</span>);
<span class="macro">debug_assert_eq!</span>(node.in_use.load(Relaxed), NODE_USED);
<span class="kw">let </span>(gen, discard) = node.helping.get_debt(ptr, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.helping);
<span class="kw">if </span>discard {
<span class="comment">// Too many generations happened, make sure the writers give the poor node a break for
// a while so they don&#39;t observe the generation wrapping around.
</span>node.start_cooldown();
<span class="self">self</span>.node.take();
}
gen
}
<span class="doccomment">/// Confirm the helping transaction.
///
/// The generation comes from previous new_helping.
///
/// Will either return a debt with the pointer, or a debt to pay and a replacement (already
/// protected) address.
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>confirm_helping(
<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>,
gen: usize,
ptr: usize,
) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;static </span>Debt, (<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;static </span>Debt, usize)&gt; {
<span class="kw">let </span>node = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.node.get().expect(<span class="string">&quot;LocalNode::with ensures it is set&quot;</span>);
<span class="macro">debug_assert_eq!</span>(node.in_use.load(Relaxed), NODE_USED);
<span class="kw">let </span>slot = node.helping_slot();
node.helping
.confirm(gen, ptr)
.map(|()| slot)
.map_err(|repl| (slot, repl))
}
<span class="doccomment">/// The writer side of a helping slot.
///
/// This potentially helps the `who` node (uses self as the local node, which must be
/// different) by loading the address that one is trying to load.
</span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">super</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>help&lt;R, T&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, who: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>Node, storage_addr: usize, replacement: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>R)
<span class="kw">where
</span>T: RefCnt,
R: Fn() -&gt; T,
{
<span class="kw">let </span>node = <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.node.get().expect(<span class="string">&quot;LocalNode::with ensures it is set&quot;</span>);
<span class="macro">debug_assert_eq!</span>(node.in_use.load(Relaxed), NODE_USED);
node.helping.help(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>who.helping, storage_addr, replacement)
}
}
<span class="kw">impl </span>Drop <span class="kw">for </span>LocalNode {
<span class="kw">fn </span>drop(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) {
<span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(node) = <span class="self">self</span>.node.get() {
<span class="comment">// Release - syncing writes/ownership of this Node
</span>node.start_cooldown();
}
}
}
<span class="macro">thread_local! </span>{
<span class="doccomment">/// A debt node assigned to this thread.
</span><span class="kw">static </span>THREAD_HEAD: LocalNode = LocalNode {
node: Cell::new(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>),
fast: FastLocal::default(),
helping: HelpingLocal::default(),
};
}
<span class="attribute">#[cfg(test)]
</span><span class="kw">mod </span>tests {
<span class="kw">use super</span>::<span class="kw-2">*</span>;
<span class="kw">impl </span>Node {
<span class="kw">fn </span>is_empty(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; bool {
<span class="self">self</span>.fast_slots()
.chain(std::iter::once(<span class="self">self</span>.helping_slot()))
.all(|d| d.<span class="number">0</span>.load(Relaxed) == Debt::NONE)
}
<span class="kw">fn </span>get_thread() -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;static </span><span class="self">Self </span>{
LocalNode::with(|h| h.node.get().unwrap())
}
}
<span class="doccomment">/// A freshly acquired thread local node is empty.
</span><span class="attribute">#[test]
</span><span class="kw">fn </span>new_empty() {
<span class="macro">assert!</span>(Node::get_thread().is_empty());
}
}
</code></pre></div>
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