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 <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Source of the Rust file `/root/.cargo/registry/src/github.com-1ecc6299db9ec823/tokio-1.28.2/src/sync/mpsc/bounded.rs`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang"><title>bounded.rs - source</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../../../storage.js"></script><script defer src="../../../../source-script.js"></script><script defer src="../../../../source-files.js"></script><script defer src="../../../../main.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc source"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../../../tokio/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div></a></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><nav class="sub"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../../../tokio/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><span></span><input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"><div id="help-button" title="help" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../../../help.html">?</a></div><div id="settings-menu" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../../../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="22" height="22" alt="Change settings" src="../../../../wheel.svg"></a></div></div></form></nav><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="example-wrap"><pre class="src-line-numbers"><span id="1">1</span>
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 </pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::loom::sync::Arc;
 <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::sync::batch_semaphore::{<span class="self">self </span><span class="kw">as </span>semaphore, TryAcquireError};
 <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::sync::mpsc::chan;
 <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::sync::mpsc::error::{SendError, TryRecvError, TrySendError};

 <span class="macro">cfg_time! </span>{
     <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::sync::mpsc::error::SendTimeoutError;
     <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::time::Duration;
 }

 <span class="kw">use </span>std::fmt;
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::task::{Context, Poll};

 <span class="doccomment">/// Sends values to the associated `Receiver`.
 ///
 /// Instances are created by the [`channel`](channel) function.
 ///
 /// To convert the `Sender` into a `Sink` or use it in a poll function, you can
 /// use the [`PollSender`] utility.
 ///
 /// [`PollSender`]: https://docs.rs/tokio-util/0.6/tokio_util/sync/struct.PollSender.html
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>Sender&lt;T&gt; {
     chan: chan::Tx&lt;T, Semaphore&gt;,
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// A sender that does not prevent the channel from being closed.
 ///
 /// If all [`Sender`] instances of a channel were dropped and only `WeakSender`
 /// instances remain, the channel is closed.
 ///
 /// In order to send messages, the `WeakSender` needs to be upgraded using
 /// [`WeakSender::upgrade`], which returns `Option&lt;Sender&gt;`. It returns `None`
 /// if all `Sender`s have been dropped, and otherwise it returns a `Sender`.
 ///
 /// [`Sender`]: Sender
 /// [`WeakSender::upgrade`]: WeakSender::upgrade
 ///
 /// #Examples
 ///
 /// ```
 /// use tokio::sync::mpsc::channel;
 ///
 /// #[tokio::main]
 /// async fn main() {
 ///     let (tx, _rx) = channel::&lt;i32&gt;(15);
 ///     let tx_weak = tx.downgrade();
 ///
 ///     // Upgrading will succeed because `tx` still exists.
 ///     assert!(tx_weak.upgrade().is_some());
 ///
 ///     // If we drop `tx`, then it will fail.
 ///     drop(tx);
 ///     assert!(tx_weak.clone().upgrade().is_none());
 /// }
 /// ```
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>WeakSender&lt;T&gt; {
     chan: Arc&lt;chan::Chan&lt;T, Semaphore&gt;&gt;,
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Permits to send one value into the channel.
 ///
 /// `Permit` values are returned by [`Sender::reserve()`] and [`Sender::try_reserve()`]
 /// and are used to guarantee channel capacity before generating a message to send.
 ///
 /// [`Sender::reserve()`]: Sender::reserve
 /// [`Sender::try_reserve()`]: Sender::try_reserve
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>Permit&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;a</span>, T&gt; {
     chan: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;a </span>chan::Tx&lt;T, Semaphore&gt;,
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Owned permit to send one value into the channel.
 ///
 /// This is identical to the [`Permit`] type, except that it moves the sender
 /// rather than borrowing it.
 ///
 /// `OwnedPermit` values are returned by [`Sender::reserve_owned()`] and
 /// [`Sender::try_reserve_owned()`] and are used to guarantee channel capacity
 /// before generating a message to send.
 ///
 /// [`Permit`]: Permit
 /// [`Sender::reserve_owned()`]: Sender::reserve_owned
 /// [`Sender::try_reserve_owned()`]: Sender::try_reserve_owned
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>OwnedPermit&lt;T&gt; {
     chan: <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;chan::Tx&lt;T, Semaphore&gt;&gt;,
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Receives values from the associated `Sender`.
 ///
 /// Instances are created by the [`channel`](channel) function.
 ///
 /// This receiver can be turned into a `Stream` using [`ReceiverStream`].
 ///
 /// [`ReceiverStream`]: https://docs.rs/tokio-stream/0.1/tokio_stream/wrappers/struct.ReceiverStream.html
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>Receiver&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// The channel receiver.
     </span>chan: chan::Rx&lt;T, Semaphore&gt;,
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Creates a bounded mpsc channel for communicating between asynchronous tasks
 /// with backpressure.
 ///
 /// The channel will buffer up to the provided number of messages.  Once the
 /// buffer is full, attempts to send new messages will wait until a message is
 /// received from the channel. The provided buffer capacity must be at least 1.
 ///
 /// All data sent on `Sender` will become available on `Receiver` in the same
 /// order as it was sent.
 ///
 /// The `Sender` can be cloned to `send` to the same channel from multiple code
 /// locations. Only one `Receiver` is supported.
 ///
 /// If the `Receiver` is disconnected while trying to `send`, the `send` method
 /// will return a `SendError`. Similarly, if `Sender` is disconnected while
 /// trying to `recv`, the `recv` method will return `None`.
 ///
 /// # Panics
 ///
 /// Panics if the buffer capacity is 0.
 ///
 /// # Examples
 ///
 /// ```rust
 /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
 ///
 /// #[tokio::main]
 /// async fn main() {
 ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(100);
 ///
 ///     tokio::spawn(async move {
 ///         for i in 0..10 {
 ///             if let Err(_) = tx.send(i).await {
 ///                 println!(&quot;receiver dropped&quot;);
 ///                 return;
 ///             }
 ///         }
 ///     });
 ///
 ///     while let Some(i) = rx.recv().await {
 ///         println!(&quot;got = {}&quot;, i);
 ///     }
 /// }
 /// ```
 </span><span class="attribute">#[track_caller]
 </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>channel&lt;T&gt;(buffer: usize) -&gt; (Sender&lt;T&gt;, Receiver&lt;T&gt;) {
     <span class="macro">assert!</span>(buffer &gt; <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="string">&quot;mpsc bounded channel requires buffer &gt; 0&quot;</span>);
     <span class="kw">let </span>semaphore = Semaphore {
         semaphore: semaphore::Semaphore::new(buffer),
         bound: buffer,
     };
     <span class="kw">let </span>(tx, rx) = chan::channel(semaphore);

     <span class="kw">let </span>tx = Sender::new(tx);
     <span class="kw">let </span>rx = Receiver::new(rx);

     (tx, rx)
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Channel semaphore is a tuple of the semaphore implementation and a `usize`
 /// representing the channel bound.
 </span><span class="attribute">#[derive(Debug)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">struct </span>Semaphore {
     <span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) semaphore: semaphore::Semaphore,
     <span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) bound: usize,
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; Receiver&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>new(chan: chan::Rx&lt;T, Semaphore&gt;) -&gt; Receiver&lt;T&gt; {
         Receiver { chan }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Receives the next value for this receiver.
     ///
     /// This method returns `None` if the channel has been closed and there are
     /// no remaining messages in the channel&#39;s buffer. This indicates that no
     /// further values can ever be received from this `Receiver`. The channel is
     /// closed when all senders have been dropped, or when [`close`] is called.
     ///
     /// If there are no messages in the channel&#39;s buffer, but the channel has
     /// not yet been closed, this method will sleep until a message is sent or
     /// the channel is closed.  Note that if [`close`] is called, but there are
     /// still outstanding [`Permits`] from before it was closed, the channel is
     /// not considered closed by `recv` until the permits are released.
     ///
     /// # Cancel safety
     ///
     /// This method is cancel safe. If `recv` is used as the event in a
     /// [`tokio::select!`](crate::select) statement and some other branch
     /// completes first, it is guaranteed that no messages were received on this
     /// channel.
     ///
     /// [`close`]: Self::close
     /// [`Permits`]: struct@crate::sync::mpsc::Permit
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(100);
     ///
     ///     tokio::spawn(async move {
     ///         tx.send(&quot;hello&quot;).await.unwrap();
     ///     });
     ///
     ///     assert_eq!(Some(&quot;hello&quot;), rx.recv().await);
     ///     assert_eq!(None, rx.recv().await);
     /// }
     /// ```
     ///
     /// Values are buffered:
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(100);
     ///
     ///     tx.send(&quot;hello&quot;).await.unwrap();
     ///     tx.send(&quot;world&quot;).await.unwrap();
     ///
     ///     assert_eq!(Some(&quot;hello&quot;), rx.recv().await);
     ///     assert_eq!(Some(&quot;world&quot;), rx.recv().await);
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>recv(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;T&gt; {
         <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::future::poll_fn;
         poll_fn(|cx| <span class="self">self</span>.chan.recv(cx)).<span class="kw">await
     </span>}

     <span class="doccomment">/// Tries to receive the next value for this receiver.
     ///
     /// This method returns the [`Empty`] error if the channel is currently
     /// empty, but there are still outstanding [senders] or [permits].
     ///
     /// This method returns the [`Disconnected`] error if the channel is
     /// currently empty, and there are no outstanding [senders] or [permits].
     ///
     /// Unlike the [`poll_recv`] method, this method will never return an
     /// [`Empty`] error spuriously.
     ///
     /// [`Empty`]: crate::sync::mpsc::error::TryRecvError::Empty
     /// [`Disconnected`]: crate::sync::mpsc::error::TryRecvError::Disconnected
     /// [`poll_recv`]: Self::poll_recv
     /// [senders]: crate::sync::mpsc::Sender
     /// [permits]: crate::sync::mpsc::Permit
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc::error::TryRecvError;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(100);
     ///
     ///     tx.send(&quot;hello&quot;).await.unwrap();
     ///
     ///     assert_eq!(Ok(&quot;hello&quot;), rx.try_recv());
     ///     assert_eq!(Err(TryRecvError::Empty), rx.try_recv());
     ///
     ///     tx.send(&quot;hello&quot;).await.unwrap();
     ///     // Drop the last sender, closing the channel.
     ///     drop(tx);
     ///
     ///     assert_eq!(Ok(&quot;hello&quot;), rx.try_recv());
     ///     assert_eq!(Err(TryRecvError::Disconnected), rx.try_recv());
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_recv(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;T, TryRecvError&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.chan.try_recv()
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Blocking receive to call outside of asynchronous contexts.
     ///
     /// This method returns `None` if the channel has been closed and there are
     /// no remaining messages in the channel&#39;s buffer. This indicates that no
     /// further values can ever be received from this `Receiver`. The channel is
     /// closed when all senders have been dropped, or when [`close`] is called.
     ///
     /// If there are no messages in the channel&#39;s buffer, but the channel has
     /// not yet been closed, this method will block until a message is sent or
     /// the channel is closed.
     ///
     /// This method is intended for use cases where you are sending from
     /// asynchronous code to synchronous code, and will work even if the sender
     /// is not using [`blocking_send`] to send the message.
     ///
     /// Note that if [`close`] is called, but there are still outstanding
     /// [`Permits`] from before it was closed, the channel is not considered
     /// closed by `blocking_recv` until the permits are released.
     ///
     /// [`close`]: Self::close
     /// [`Permits`]: struct@crate::sync::mpsc::Permit
     /// [`blocking_send`]: fn@crate::sync::mpsc::Sender::blocking_send
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if called within an asynchronous execution
     /// context.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::thread;
     /// use tokio::runtime::Runtime;
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel::&lt;u8&gt;(10);
     ///
     ///     let sync_code = thread::spawn(move || {
     ///         assert_eq!(Some(10), rx.blocking_recv());
     ///     });
     ///
     ///     Runtime::new()
     ///         .unwrap()
     ///         .block_on(async move {
     ///             let _ = tx.send(10).await;
     ///         });
     ///     sync_code.join().unwrap()
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="attribute">#[track_caller]
     #[cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;sync&quot;</span>)]
     #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(alias = <span class="string">&quot;recv_blocking&quot;</span>))]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>blocking_recv(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;T&gt; {
         <span class="kw">crate</span>::future::block_on(<span class="self">self</span>.recv())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Closes the receiving half of a channel without dropping it.
     ///
     /// This prevents any further messages from being sent on the channel while
     /// still enabling the receiver to drain messages that are buffered. Any
     /// outstanding [`Permit`] values will still be able to send messages.
     ///
     /// To guarantee that no messages are dropped, after calling `close()`,
     /// `recv()` must be called until `None` is returned. If there are
     /// outstanding [`Permit`] or [`OwnedPermit`] values, the `recv` method will
     /// not return `None` until those are released.
     ///
     /// [`Permit`]: Permit
     /// [`OwnedPermit`]: OwnedPermit
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(20);
     ///
     ///     tokio::spawn(async move {
     ///         let mut i = 0;
     ///         while let Ok(permit) = tx.reserve().await {
     ///             permit.send(i);
     ///             i += 1;
     ///         }
     ///     });
     ///
     ///     rx.close();
     ///
     ///     while let Some(msg) = rx.recv().await {
     ///         println!(&quot;got {}&quot;, msg);
     ///     }
     ///
     ///     // Channel closed and no messages are lost.
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>close(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) {
         <span class="self">self</span>.chan.close();
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Polls to receive the next message on this channel.
     ///
     /// This method returns:
     ///
     ///  * `Poll::Pending` if no messages are available but the channel is not
     ///    closed, or if a spurious failure happens.
     ///  * `Poll::Ready(Some(message))` if a message is available.
     ///  * `Poll::Ready(None)` if the channel has been closed and all messages
     ///    sent before it was closed have been received.
     ///
     /// When the method returns `Poll::Pending`, the `Waker` in the provided
     /// `Context` is scheduled to receive a wakeup when a message is sent on any
     /// receiver, or when the channel is closed.  Note that on multiple calls to
     /// `poll_recv`, only the `Waker` from the `Context` passed to the most
     /// recent call is scheduled to receive a wakeup.
     ///
     /// If this method returns `Poll::Pending` due to a spurious failure, then
     /// the `Waker` will be notified when the situation causing the spurious
     /// failure has been resolved. Note that receiving such a wakeup does not
     /// guarantee that the next call will succeed — it could fail with another
     /// spurious failure.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>poll_recv(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, cx: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>Context&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; Poll&lt;<span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;T&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.chan.recv(cx)
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; fmt::Debug <span class="kw">for </span>Receiver&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>fmt(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, fmt: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>fmt::Formatter&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; fmt::Result {
         fmt.debug_struct(<span class="string">&quot;Receiver&quot;</span>)
             .field(<span class="string">&quot;chan&quot;</span>, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.chan)
             .finish()
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; Unpin <span class="kw">for </span>Receiver&lt;T&gt; {}

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; Sender&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">pub</span>(<span class="kw">crate</span>) <span class="kw">fn </span>new(chan: chan::Tx&lt;T, Semaphore&gt;) -&gt; Sender&lt;T&gt; {
         Sender { chan }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Sends a value, waiting until there is capacity.
     ///
     /// A successful send occurs when it is determined that the other end of the
     /// channel has not hung up already. An unsuccessful send would be one where
     /// the corresponding receiver has already been closed. Note that a return
     /// value of `Err` means that the data will never be received, but a return
     /// value of `Ok` does not mean that the data will be received. It is
     /// possible for the corresponding receiver to hang up immediately after
     /// this function returns `Ok`.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// If the receive half of the channel is closed, either due to [`close`]
     /// being called or the [`Receiver`] handle dropping, the function returns
     /// an error. The error includes the value passed to `send`.
     ///
     /// [`close`]: Receiver::close
     /// [`Receiver`]: Receiver
     ///
     /// # Cancel safety
     ///
     /// If `send` is used as the event in a [`tokio::select!`](crate::select)
     /// statement and some other branch completes first, then it is guaranteed
     /// that the message was not sent.
     ///
     /// This channel uses a queue to ensure that calls to `send` and `reserve`
     /// complete in the order they were requested.  Cancelling a call to
     /// `send` makes you lose your place in the queue.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// In the following example, each call to `send` will block until the
     /// previously sent value was received.
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     tokio::spawn(async move {
     ///         for i in 0..10 {
     ///             if let Err(_) = tx.send(i).await {
     ///                 println!(&quot;receiver dropped&quot;);
     ///                 return;
     ///             }
     ///         }
     ///     });
     ///
     ///     while let Some(i) = rx.recv().await {
     ///         println!(&quot;got = {}&quot;, i);
     ///     }
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>send(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, value: T) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), SendError&lt;T&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.reserve().<span class="kw">await </span>{
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(permit) =&gt; {
                 permit.send(value);
                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
             }
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(SendError(value)),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Completes when the receiver has dropped.
     ///
     /// This allows the producers to get notified when interest in the produced
     /// values is canceled and immediately stop doing work.
     ///
     /// # Cancel safety
     ///
     /// This method is cancel safe. Once the channel is closed, it stays closed
     /// forever and all future calls to `closed` will return immediately.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx1, rx) = mpsc::channel::&lt;()&gt;(1);
     ///     let tx2 = tx1.clone();
     ///     let tx3 = tx1.clone();
     ///     let tx4 = tx1.clone();
     ///     let tx5 = tx1.clone();
     ///     tokio::spawn(async move {
     ///         drop(rx);
     ///     });
     ///
     ///     futures::join!(
     ///         tx1.closed(),
     ///         tx2.closed(),
     ///         tx3.closed(),
     ///         tx4.closed(),
     ///         tx5.closed()
     ///     );
     ///     println!(&quot;Receiver dropped&quot;);
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>closed(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) {
         <span class="self">self</span>.chan.closed().<span class="kw">await
     </span>}

     <span class="doccomment">/// Attempts to immediately send a message on this `Sender`
     ///
     /// This method differs from [`send`] by returning immediately if the channel&#39;s
     /// buffer is full or no receiver is waiting to acquire some data. Compared
     /// with [`send`], this function has two failure cases instead of one (one for
     /// disconnection, one for a full buffer).
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// If the channel capacity has been reached, i.e., the channel has `n`
     /// buffered values where `n` is the argument passed to [`channel`], then an
     /// error is returned.
     ///
     /// If the receive half of the channel is closed, either due to [`close`]
     /// being called or the [`Receiver`] handle dropping, the function returns
     /// an error. The error includes the value passed to `send`.
     ///
     /// [`send`]: Sender::send
     /// [`channel`]: channel
     /// [`close`]: Receiver::close
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     // Create a channel with buffer size 1
     ///     let (tx1, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///     let tx2 = tx1.clone();
     ///
     ///     tokio::spawn(async move {
     ///         tx1.send(1).await.unwrap();
     ///         tx1.send(2).await.unwrap();
     ///         // task waits until the receiver receives a value.
     ///     });
     ///
     ///     tokio::spawn(async move {
     ///         // This will return an error and send
     ///         // no message if the buffer is full
     ///         let _ = tx2.try_send(3);
     ///     });
     ///
     ///     let mut msg;
     ///     msg = rx.recv().await.unwrap();
     ///     println!(&quot;message {} received&quot;, msg);
     ///
     ///     msg = rx.recv().await.unwrap();
     ///     println!(&quot;message {} received&quot;, msg);
     ///
     ///     // Third message may have never been sent
     ///     match rx.recv().await {
     ///         Some(msg) =&gt; println!(&quot;message {} received&quot;, msg),
     ///         None =&gt; println!(&quot;the third message was never sent&quot;),
     ///     }
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_send(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, message: T) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), TrySendError&lt;T&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.chan.semaphore().semaphore.try_acquire(<span class="number">1</span>) {
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {}
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TryAcquireError::Closed) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TrySendError::Closed(message)),
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TryAcquireError::NoPermits) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TrySendError::Full(message)),
         }

         <span class="comment">// Send the message
         </span><span class="self">self</span>.chan.send(message);
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Sends a value, waiting until there is capacity, but only for a limited time.
     ///
     /// Shares the same success and error conditions as [`send`], adding one more
     /// condition for an unsuccessful send, which is when the provided timeout has
     /// elapsed, and there is no capacity available.
     ///
     /// [`send`]: Sender::send
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// If the receive half of the channel is closed, either due to [`close`]
     /// being called or the [`Receiver`] having been dropped,
     /// the function returns an error. The error includes the value passed to `send`.
     ///
     /// [`close`]: Receiver::close
     /// [`Receiver`]: Receiver
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if it is called outside the context of a Tokio
     /// runtime [with time enabled](crate::runtime::Builder::enable_time).
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// In the following example, each call to `send_timeout` will block until the
     /// previously sent value was received, unless the timeout has elapsed.
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     /// use tokio::time::{sleep, Duration};
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     tokio::spawn(async move {
     ///         for i in 0..10 {
     ///             if let Err(e) = tx.send_timeout(i, Duration::from_millis(100)).await {
     ///                 println!(&quot;send error: #{:?}&quot;, e);
     ///                 return;
     ///             }
     ///         }
     ///     });
     ///
     ///     while let Some(i) = rx.recv().await {
     ///         println!(&quot;got = {}&quot;, i);
     ///         sleep(Duration::from_millis(200)).await;
     ///     }
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;time&quot;</span>)]
     #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;time&quot;</span>)))]
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>send_timeout(
         <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>,
         value: T,
         timeout: Duration,
     ) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), SendTimeoutError&lt;T&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>permit = <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::time::timeout(timeout, <span class="self">self</span>.reserve()).<span class="kw">await </span>{
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(SendTimeoutError::Timeout(value));
             }
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>)) =&gt; {
                 <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(SendTimeoutError::Closed(value));
             }
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(permit)) =&gt; permit,
         };

         permit.send(value);
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Blocking send to call outside of asynchronous contexts.
     ///
     /// This method is intended for use cases where you are sending from
     /// synchronous code to asynchronous code, and will work even if the
     /// receiver is not using [`blocking_recv`] to receive the message.
     ///
     /// [`blocking_recv`]: fn@crate::sync::mpsc::Receiver::blocking_recv
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if called within an asynchronous execution
     /// context.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use std::thread;
     /// use tokio::runtime::Runtime;
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel::&lt;u8&gt;(1);
     ///
     ///     let sync_code = thread::spawn(move || {
     ///         tx.blocking_send(10).unwrap();
     ///     });
     ///
     ///     Runtime::new().unwrap().block_on(async move {
     ///         assert_eq!(Some(10), rx.recv().await);
     ///     });
     ///     sync_code.join().unwrap()
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="attribute">#[track_caller]
     #[cfg(feature = <span class="string">&quot;sync&quot;</span>)]
     #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(alias = <span class="string">&quot;send_blocking&quot;</span>))]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>blocking_send(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, value: T) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), SendError&lt;T&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="kw">crate</span>::future::block_on(<span class="self">self</span>.send(value))
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Checks if the channel has been closed. This happens when the
     /// [`Receiver`] is dropped, or when the [`Receiver::close`] method is
     /// called.
     ///
     /// [`Receiver`]: crate::sync::mpsc::Receiver
     /// [`Receiver::close`]: crate::sync::mpsc::Receiver::close
     ///
     /// ```
     /// let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel::&lt;()&gt;(42);
     /// assert!(!tx.is_closed());
     ///
     /// let tx2 = tx.clone();
     /// assert!(!tx2.is_closed());
     ///
     /// drop(rx);
     /// assert!(tx.is_closed());
     /// assert!(tx2.is_closed());
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>is_closed(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; bool {
         <span class="self">self</span>.chan.is_closed()
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Waits for channel capacity. Once capacity to send one message is
     /// available, it is reserved for the caller.
     ///
     /// If the channel is full, the function waits for the number of unreceived
     /// messages to become less than the channel capacity. Capacity to send one
     /// message is reserved for the caller. A [`Permit`] is returned to track
     /// the reserved capacity. The [`send`] function on [`Permit`] consumes the
     /// reserved capacity.
     ///
     /// Dropping [`Permit`] without sending a message releases the capacity back
     /// to the channel.
     ///
     /// [`Permit`]: Permit
     /// [`send`]: Permit::send
     ///
     /// # Cancel safety
     ///
     /// This channel uses a queue to ensure that calls to `send` and `reserve`
     /// complete in the order they were requested.  Cancelling a call to
     /// `reserve` makes you lose your place in the queue.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     // Reserve capacity
     ///     let permit = tx.reserve().await.unwrap();
     ///
     ///     // Trying to send directly on the `tx` will fail due to no
     ///     // available capacity.
     ///     assert!(tx.try_send(123).is_err());
     ///
     ///     // Sending on the permit succeeds
     ///     permit.send(456);
     ///
     ///     // The value sent on the permit is received
     ///     assert_eq!(rx.recv().await.unwrap(), 456);
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>reserve(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;Permit&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>, T&gt;, SendError&lt;()&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.reserve_inner().<span class="kw">await</span><span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(Permit { chan: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.chan })
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Waits for channel capacity, moving the `Sender` and returning an owned
     /// permit. Once capacity to send one message is available, it is reserved
     /// for the caller.
     ///
     /// This moves the sender _by value_, and returns an owned permit that can
     /// be used to send a message into the channel. Unlike [`Sender::reserve`],
     /// this method may be used in cases where the permit must be valid for the
     /// `&#39;static` lifetime. `Sender`s may be cloned cheaply (`Sender::clone` is
     /// essentially a reference count increment, comparable to [`Arc::clone`]),
     /// so when multiple [`OwnedPermit`]s are needed or the `Sender` cannot be
     /// moved, it can be cloned prior to calling `reserve_owned`.
     ///
     /// If the channel is full, the function waits for the number of unreceived
     /// messages to become less than the channel capacity. Capacity to send one
     /// message is reserved for the caller. An [`OwnedPermit`] is returned to
     /// track the reserved capacity. The [`send`] function on [`OwnedPermit`]
     /// consumes the reserved capacity.
     ///
     /// Dropping the [`OwnedPermit`] without sending a message releases the
     /// capacity back to the channel.
     ///
     /// # Cancel safety
     ///
     /// This channel uses a queue to ensure that calls to `send` and `reserve`
     /// complete in the order they were requested.  Cancelling a call to
     /// `reserve_owned` makes you lose your place in the queue.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     /// Sending a message using an [`OwnedPermit`]:
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     // Reserve capacity, moving the sender.
     ///     let permit = tx.reserve_owned().await.unwrap();
     ///
     ///     // Send a message, consuming the permit and returning
     ///     // the moved sender.
     ///     let tx = permit.send(123);
     ///
     ///     // The value sent on the permit is received.
     ///     assert_eq!(rx.recv().await.unwrap(), 123);
     ///
     ///     // The sender can now be used again.
     ///     tx.send(456).await.unwrap();
     /// }
     /// ```
     ///
     /// When multiple [`OwnedPermit`]s are needed, or the sender cannot be moved
     /// by value, it can be inexpensively cloned before calling `reserve_owned`:
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     // Clone the sender and reserve capacity.
     ///     let permit = tx.clone().reserve_owned().await.unwrap();
     ///
     ///     // Trying to send directly on the `tx` will fail due to no
     ///     // available capacity.
     ///     assert!(tx.try_send(123).is_err());
     ///
     ///     // Sending on the permit succeeds.
     ///     permit.send(456);
     ///
     ///     // The value sent on the permit is received
     ///     assert_eq!(rx.recv().await.unwrap(), 456);
     /// }
     /// ```
     ///
     /// [`Sender::reserve`]: Sender::reserve
     /// [`OwnedPermit`]: OwnedPermit
     /// [`send`]: OwnedPermit::send
     /// [`Arc::clone`]: std::sync::Arc::clone
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>reserve_owned(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;OwnedPermit&lt;T&gt;, SendError&lt;()&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.reserve_inner().<span class="kw">await</span><span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(OwnedPermit {
             chan: <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.chan),
         })
     }

     <span class="kw">async fn </span>reserve_inner(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;(), SendError&lt;()&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.chan.semaphore().semaphore.acquire(<span class="number">1</span>).<span class="kw">await </span>{
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(()),
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(SendError(())),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Tries to acquire a slot in the channel without waiting for the slot to become
     /// available.
     ///
     /// If the channel is full this function will return [`TrySendError`], otherwise
     /// if there is a slot available it will return a [`Permit`] that will then allow you
     /// to [`send`] on the channel with a guaranteed slot. This function is similar to
     /// [`reserve`] except it does not await for the slot to become available.
     ///
     /// Dropping [`Permit`] without sending a message releases the capacity back
     /// to the channel.
     ///
     /// [`Permit`]: Permit
     /// [`send`]: Permit::send
     /// [`reserve`]: Sender::reserve
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     // Reserve capacity
     ///     let permit = tx.try_reserve().unwrap();
     ///
     ///     // Trying to send directly on the `tx` will fail due to no
     ///     // available capacity.
     ///     assert!(tx.try_send(123).is_err());
     ///
     ///     // Trying to reserve an additional slot on the `tx` will
     ///     // fail because there is no capacity.
     ///     assert!(tx.try_reserve().is_err());
     ///
     ///     // Sending on the permit succeeds
     ///     permit.send(456);
     ///
     ///     // The value sent on the permit is received
     ///     assert_eq!(rx.recv().await.unwrap(), 456);
     ///
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_reserve(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;Permit&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>, T&gt;, TrySendError&lt;()&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.chan.semaphore().semaphore.try_acquire(<span class="number">1</span>) {
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {}
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TryAcquireError::Closed) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TrySendError::Closed(())),
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TryAcquireError::NoPermits) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TrySendError::Full(())),
         }

         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(Permit { chan: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.chan })
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Tries to acquire a slot in the channel without waiting for the slot to become
     /// available, returning an owned permit.
     ///
     /// This moves the sender _by value_, and returns an owned permit that can
     /// be used to send a message into the channel. Unlike [`Sender::try_reserve`],
     /// this method may be used in cases where the permit must be valid for the
     /// `&#39;static` lifetime.  `Sender`s may be cloned cheaply (`Sender::clone` is
     /// essentially a reference count increment, comparable to [`Arc::clone`]),
     /// so when multiple [`OwnedPermit`]s are needed or the `Sender` cannot be
     /// moved, it can be cloned prior to calling `try_reserve_owned`.
     ///
     /// If the channel is full this function will return a [`TrySendError`].
     /// Since the sender is taken by value, the `TrySendError` returned in this
     /// case contains the sender, so that it may be used again. Otherwise, if
     /// there is a slot available, this method will return an [`OwnedPermit`]
     /// that can then be used to [`send`] on the channel with a guaranteed slot.
     /// This function is similar to  [`reserve_owned`] except it does not await
     /// for the slot to become available.
     ///
     /// Dropping the [`OwnedPermit`] without sending a message releases the capacity back
     /// to the channel.
     ///
     /// [`OwnedPermit`]: OwnedPermit
     /// [`send`]: OwnedPermit::send
     /// [`reserve_owned`]: Sender::reserve_owned
     /// [`Arc::clone`]: std::sync::Arc::clone
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     // Reserve capacity
     ///     let permit = tx.clone().try_reserve_owned().unwrap();
     ///
     ///     // Trying to send directly on the `tx` will fail due to no
     ///     // available capacity.
     ///     assert!(tx.try_send(123).is_err());
     ///
     ///     // Trying to reserve an additional slot on the `tx` will
     ///     // fail because there is no capacity.
     ///     assert!(tx.try_reserve().is_err());
     ///
     ///     // Sending on the permit succeeds
     ///     permit.send(456);
     ///
     ///     // The value sent on the permit is received
     ///     assert_eq!(rx.recv().await.unwrap(), 456);
     ///
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_reserve_owned(<span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span>&lt;OwnedPermit&lt;T&gt;, TrySendError&lt;<span class="self">Self</span>&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.chan.semaphore().semaphore.try_acquire(<span class="number">1</span>) {
             <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) =&gt; {}
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TryAcquireError::Closed) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TrySendError::Closed(<span class="self">self</span>)),
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TryAcquireError::NoPermits) =&gt; <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(TrySendError::Full(<span class="self">self</span>)),
         }

         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(OwnedPermit {
             chan: <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="self">self</span>.chan),
         })
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns `true` if senders belong to the same channel.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel::&lt;()&gt;(1);
     /// let  tx2 = tx.clone();
     /// assert!(tx.same_channel(&amp;tx2));
     ///
     /// let (tx3, rx3) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel::&lt;()&gt;(1);
     /// assert!(!tx3.same_channel(&amp;tx2));
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>same_channel(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, other: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">Self</span>) -&gt; bool {
         <span class="self">self</span>.chan.same_channel(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>other.chan)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the current capacity of the channel.
     ///
     /// The capacity goes down when sending a value by calling [`send`] or by reserving capacity
     /// with [`reserve`]. The capacity goes up when values are received by the [`Receiver`].
     /// This is distinct from [`max_capacity`], which always returns buffer capacity initially
     /// specified when calling [`channel`]
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel::&lt;()&gt;(5);
     ///
     ///     assert_eq!(tx.capacity(), 5);
     ///
     ///     // Making a reservation drops the capacity by one.
     ///     let permit = tx.reserve().await.unwrap();
     ///     assert_eq!(tx.capacity(), 4);
     ///
     ///     // Sending and receiving a value increases the capacity by one.
     ///     permit.send(());
     ///     rx.recv().await.unwrap();
     ///     assert_eq!(tx.capacity(), 5);
     /// }
     /// ```
     ///
     /// [`send`]: Sender::send
     /// [`reserve`]: Sender::reserve
     /// [`channel`]: channel
     /// [`max_capacity`]: Sender::max_capacity
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>capacity(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; usize {
         <span class="self">self</span>.chan.semaphore().semaphore.available_permits()
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Converts the `Sender` to a [`WeakSender`] that does not count
     /// towards RAII semantics, i.e. if all `Sender` instances of the
     /// channel were dropped and only `WeakSender` instances remain,
     /// the channel is closed.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>downgrade(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; WeakSender&lt;T&gt; {
         WeakSender {
             chan: <span class="self">self</span>.chan.downgrade(),
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Returns the maximum buffer capacity of the channel.
     ///
     /// The maximum capacity is the buffer capacity initially specified when calling
     /// [`channel`]. This is distinct from [`capacity`], which returns the *current*
     /// available buffer capacity: as messages are sent and received, the
     /// value returned by [`capacity`] will go up or down, whereas the value
     /// returned by `max_capacity` will remain constant.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, _rx) = mpsc::channel::&lt;()&gt;(5);
     ///
     ///     // both max capacity and capacity are the same at first
     ///     assert_eq!(tx.max_capacity(), 5);
     ///     assert_eq!(tx.capacity(), 5);
     ///
     ///     // Making a reservation doesn&#39;t change the max capacity.
     ///     let permit = tx.reserve().await.unwrap();
     ///     assert_eq!(tx.max_capacity(), 5);
     ///     // but drops the capacity by one
     ///     assert_eq!(tx.capacity(), 4);
     /// }
     /// ```
     ///
     /// [`channel`]: channel
     /// [`max_capacity`]: Sender::max_capacity
     /// [`capacity`]: Sender::capacity
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>max_capacity(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; usize {
         <span class="self">self</span>.chan.semaphore().bound
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; Clone <span class="kw">for </span>Sender&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>clone(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         Sender {
             chan: <span class="self">self</span>.chan.clone(),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; fmt::Debug <span class="kw">for </span>Sender&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>fmt(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, fmt: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>fmt::Formatter&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; fmt::Result {
         fmt.debug_struct(<span class="string">&quot;Sender&quot;</span>)
             .field(<span class="string">&quot;chan&quot;</span>, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.chan)
             .finish()
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; Clone <span class="kw">for </span>WeakSender&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>clone(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="self">Self </span>{
         WeakSender {
             chan: <span class="self">self</span>.chan.clone(),
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; WeakSender&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Tries to convert a WeakSender into a [`Sender`]. This will return `Some`
     /// if there are other `Sender` instances alive and the channel wasn&#39;t
     /// previously dropped, otherwise `None` is returned.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>upgrade(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span>&lt;Sender&lt;T&gt;&gt; {
         chan::Tx::upgrade(<span class="self">self</span>.chan.clone()).map(Sender::new)
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; fmt::Debug <span class="kw">for </span>WeakSender&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>fmt(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, fmt: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>fmt::Formatter&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; fmt::Result {
         fmt.debug_struct(<span class="string">&quot;WeakSender&quot;</span>).finish()
     }
 }

 <span class="comment">// ===== impl Permit =====

 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; Permit&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>, T&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Sends a value using the reserved capacity.
     ///
     /// Capacity for the message has already been reserved. The message is sent
     /// to the receiver and the permit is consumed. The operation will succeed
     /// even if the receiver half has been closed. See [`Receiver::close`] for
     /// more details on performing a clean shutdown.
     ///
     /// [`Receiver::close`]: Receiver::close
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     // Reserve capacity
     ///     let permit = tx.reserve().await.unwrap();
     ///
     ///     // Trying to send directly on the `tx` will fail due to no
     ///     // available capacity.
     ///     assert!(tx.try_send(123).is_err());
     ///
     ///     // Send a message on the permit
     ///     permit.send(456);
     ///
     ///     // The value sent on the permit is received
     ///     assert_eq!(rx.recv().await.unwrap(), 456);
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>send(<span class="self">self</span>, value: T) {
         <span class="kw">use </span>std::mem;

         <span class="self">self</span>.chan.send(value);

         <span class="comment">// Avoid the drop logic
         </span>mem::forget(<span class="self">self</span>);
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; Drop <span class="kw">for </span>Permit&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>, T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>drop(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) {
         <span class="kw">use </span>chan::Semaphore;

         <span class="kw">let </span>semaphore = <span class="self">self</span>.chan.semaphore();

         <span class="comment">// Add the permit back to the semaphore
         </span>semaphore.add_permit();

         <span class="comment">// If this is the last sender for this channel, wake the receiver so
         // that it can be notified that the channel is closed.
         </span><span class="kw">if </span>semaphore.is_closed() &amp;&amp; semaphore.is_idle() {
             <span class="self">self</span>.chan.wake_rx();
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; fmt::Debug <span class="kw">for </span>Permit&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>, T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>fmt(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, fmt: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>fmt::Formatter&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; fmt::Result {
         fmt.debug_struct(<span class="string">&quot;Permit&quot;</span>)
             .field(<span class="string">&quot;chan&quot;</span>, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.chan)
             .finish()
     }
 }

 <span class="comment">// ===== impl Permit =====

 </span><span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; OwnedPermit&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Sends a value using the reserved capacity.
     ///
     /// Capacity for the message has already been reserved. The message is sent
     /// to the receiver and the permit is consumed. The operation will succeed
     /// even if the receiver half has been closed. See [`Receiver::close`] for
     /// more details on performing a clean shutdown.
     ///
     /// Unlike [`Permit::send`], this method returns the [`Sender`] from which
     /// the `OwnedPermit` was reserved.
     ///
     /// [`Receiver::close`]: Receiver::close
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, mut rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     // Reserve capacity
     ///     let permit = tx.reserve_owned().await.unwrap();
     ///
     ///     // Send a message on the permit, returning the sender.
     ///     let tx = permit.send(456);
     ///
     ///     // The value sent on the permit is received
     ///     assert_eq!(rx.recv().await.unwrap(), 456);
     ///
     ///     // We may now reuse `tx` to send another message.
     ///     tx.send(789).await.unwrap();
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>send(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, value: T) -&gt; Sender&lt;T&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>chan = <span class="self">self</span>.chan.take().unwrap_or_else(|| {
             <span class="macro">unreachable!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;OwnedPermit channel is only taken when the permit is moved&quot;</span>)
         });
         chan.send(value);

         Sender { chan }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Releases the reserved capacity *without* sending a message, returning the
     /// [`Sender`].
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
     /// use tokio::sync::mpsc;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() {
     ///     let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel(1);
     ///
     ///     // Clone the sender and reserve capacity
     ///     let permit = tx.clone().reserve_owned().await.unwrap();
     ///
     ///     // Trying to send on the original `tx` will fail, since the `permit`
     ///     // has reserved all the available capacity.
     ///     assert!(tx.try_send(123).is_err());
     ///
     ///     // Release the permit without sending a message, returning the clone
     ///     // of the sender.
     ///     let tx2 = permit.release();
     ///
     ///     // We may now reuse `tx` to send another message.
     ///     tx.send(789).await.unwrap();
     ///     # drop(rx); drop(tx2);
     /// }
     /// ```
     ///
     /// [`Sender`]: Sender
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>release(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; Sender&lt;T&gt; {
         <span class="kw">use </span>chan::Semaphore;

         <span class="kw">let </span>chan = <span class="self">self</span>.chan.take().unwrap_or_else(|| {
             <span class="macro">unreachable!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;OwnedPermit channel is only taken when the permit is moved&quot;</span>)
         });

         <span class="comment">// Add the permit back to the semaphore
         </span>chan.semaphore().add_permit();
         Sender { chan }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; Drop <span class="kw">for </span>OwnedPermit&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>drop(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) {
         <span class="kw">use </span>chan::Semaphore;

         <span class="comment">// Are we still holding onto the sender?
         </span><span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(chan) = <span class="self">self</span>.chan.take() {
             <span class="kw">let </span>semaphore = chan.semaphore();

             <span class="comment">// Add the permit back to the semaphore
             </span>semaphore.add_permit();

             <span class="comment">// If this `OwnedPermit` is holding the last sender for this
             // channel, wake the receiver so that it can be notified that the
             // channel is closed.
             </span><span class="kw">if </span>semaphore.is_closed() &amp;&amp; semaphore.is_idle() {
                 chan.wake_rx();
             }
         }

         <span class="comment">// Otherwise, do nothing.
     </span>}
 }

 <span class="kw">impl</span>&lt;T&gt; fmt::Debug <span class="kw">for </span>OwnedPermit&lt;T&gt; {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>fmt(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, fmt: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>fmt::Formatter&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; fmt::Result {
         fmt.debug_struct(<span class="string">&quot;OwnedPermit&quot;</span>)
             .field(<span class="string">&quot;chan&quot;</span>, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>.chan)
             .finish()
     }
 }
 </code></pre></div>
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