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 <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Source of the Rust file `/root/.cargo/registry/src/github.com-1ecc6299db9ec823/tokio-1.28.2/src/net/unix/pipe.rs`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang"><title>pipe.rs - source</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../../../storage.js"></script><script defer src="../../../../source-script.js"></script><script defer src="../../../../source-files.js"></script><script defer src="../../../../main.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc source"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../../../tokio/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div></a></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><nav class="sub"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../../../tokio/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><span></span><input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"><div id="help-button" title="help" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../../../help.html">?</a></div><div id="settings-menu" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../../../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="22" height="22" alt="Change settings" src="../../../../wheel.svg"></a></div></div></form></nav><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="example-wrap"><pre class="src-line-numbers"><span id="1">1</span>
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 </pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="doccomment">//! Unix pipe types.

 </span><span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::io::interest::Interest;
 <span class="kw">use </span><span class="kw">crate</span>::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncWrite, PollEvented, ReadBuf, Ready};

 <span class="kw">use </span>mio::unix::pipe <span class="kw">as </span>mio_pipe;
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::fs::File;
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::io::{<span class="self">self</span>, Read, Write};
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::os::unix::fs::{FileTypeExt, OpenOptionsExt};
 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(not(tokio_no_as_fd))]
 </span><span class="kw">use </span>std::os::unix::io::{AsFd, BorrowedFd};
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::os::unix::io::{AsRawFd, FromRawFd, IntoRawFd, RawFd};
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::path::Path;
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::pin::Pin;
 <span class="kw">use </span>std::task::{Context, Poll};

 <span class="macro">cfg_io_util! </span>{
     <span class="kw">use </span>bytes::BufMut;
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Options and flags which can be used to configure how a FIFO file is opened.
 ///
 /// This builder allows configuring how to create a pipe end from a FIFO file.
 /// Generally speaking, when using `OpenOptions`, you&#39;ll first call [`new`],
 /// then chain calls to methods to set each option, then call either
 /// [`open_receiver`] or [`open_sender`], passing the path of the FIFO file you
 /// are trying to open. This will give you a [`io::Result`][result] with a pipe
 /// end inside that you can further operate on.
 ///
 /// [`new`]: OpenOptions::new
 /// [`open_receiver`]: OpenOptions::open_receiver
 /// [`open_sender`]: OpenOptions::open_sender
 /// [result]: std::io::Result
 ///
 /// # Examples
 ///
 /// Opening a pair of pipe ends from a FIFO file:
 ///
 /// ```no_run
 /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
 /// # use std::error::Error;
 ///
 /// const FIFO_NAME: &amp;str = &quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;;
 ///
 /// # async fn dox() -&gt; Result&lt;(), Box&lt;dyn Error&gt;&gt; {
 /// let rx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_receiver(FIFO_NAME)?;
 /// let tx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_sender(FIFO_NAME)?;
 /// # Ok(())
 /// # }
 /// ```
 ///
 /// Opening a [`Sender`] on Linux when you are sure the file is a FIFO:
 ///
 /// ```ignore
 /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
 /// use nix::{unistd::mkfifo, sys::stat::Mode};
 /// # use std::error::Error;
 ///
 /// // Our program has exclusive access to this path.
 /// const FIFO_NAME: &amp;str = &quot;path/to/a/new/fifo&quot;;
 ///
 /// # async fn dox() -&gt; Result&lt;(), Box&lt;dyn Error&gt;&gt; {
 /// mkfifo(FIFO_NAME, Mode::S_IRWXU)?;
 /// let tx = pipe::OpenOptions::new()
 ///     .read_write(true)
 ///     .unchecked(true)
 ///     .open_sender(FIFO_NAME)?;
 /// # Ok(())
 /// # }
 /// ```
 </span><span class="attribute">#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>OpenOptions {
     <span class="attribute">#[cfg(target_os = <span class="string">&quot;linux&quot;</span>)]
     </span>read_write: bool,
     unchecked: bool,
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>OpenOptions {
     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates a blank new set of options ready for configuration.
     ///
     /// All options are initially set to `false`.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>new() -&gt; OpenOptions {
         OpenOptions {
             <span class="attribute">#[cfg(target_os = <span class="string">&quot;linux&quot;</span>)]
             </span>read_write: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
             unchecked: <span class="bool-val">false</span>,
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Sets the option for read-write access.
     ///
     /// This option, when true, will indicate that a FIFO file will be opened
     /// in read-write access mode. This operation is not defined by the POSIX
     /// standard and is only guaranteed to work on Linux.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// Opening a [`Sender`] even if there are no open reading ends:
     ///
     /// ```ignore
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     ///
     /// let tx = pipe::OpenOptions::new()
     ///     .read_write(true)
     ///     .open_sender(&quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;);
     /// ```
     ///
     /// Opening a resilient [`Receiver`] i.e. a reading pipe end which will not
     /// fail with [`UnexpectedEof`] during reading if all writing ends of the
     /// pipe close the FIFO file.
     ///
     /// [`UnexpectedEof`]: std::io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof
     ///
     /// ```ignore
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     ///
     /// let tx = pipe::OpenOptions::new()
     ///     .read_write(true)
     ///     .open_receiver(&quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;);
     /// ```
     </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(target_os = <span class="string">&quot;linux&quot;</span>)]
     #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(target_os = <span class="string">&quot;linux&quot;</span>)))]
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>read_write(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, value: bool) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.read_write = value;
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="doccomment">/// Sets the option to skip the check for FIFO file type.
     ///
     /// By default, [`open_receiver`] and [`open_sender`] functions will check
     /// if the opened file is a FIFO file. Set this option to `true` if you are
     /// sure the file is a FIFO file.
     ///
     /// [`open_receiver`]: OpenOptions::open_receiver
     /// [`open_sender`]: OpenOptions::open_sender
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     /// use nix::{unistd::mkfifo, sys::stat::Mode};
     /// # use std::error::Error;
     ///
     /// // Our program has exclusive access to this path.
     /// const FIFO_NAME: &amp;str = &quot;path/to/a/new/fifo&quot;;
     ///
     /// # async fn dox() -&gt; Result&lt;(), Box&lt;dyn Error&gt;&gt; {
     /// mkfifo(FIFO_NAME, Mode::S_IRWXU)?;
     /// let rx = pipe::OpenOptions::new()
     ///     .unchecked(true)
     ///     .open_receiver(FIFO_NAME)?;
     /// # Ok(())
     /// # }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>unchecked(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, value: bool) -&gt; <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self </span>{
         <span class="self">self</span>.unchecked = value;
         <span class="self">self
     </span>}

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates a [`Receiver`] from a FIFO file with the options specified by `self`.
     ///
     /// This function will open the FIFO file at the specified path, possibly
     /// check if it is a pipe, and associate the pipe with the default event
     /// loop for reading.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// If the file type check fails, this function will fail with `io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput`.
     /// This function may also fail with other standard OS errors.
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if it is not called from within a runtime with
     /// IO enabled.
     ///
     /// The runtime is usually set implicitly when this function is called
     /// from a future driven by a tokio runtime, otherwise runtime can be set
     /// explicitly with [`Runtime::enter`](crate::runtime::Runtime::enter) function.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>open_receiver&lt;P: AsRef&lt;Path&gt;&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, path: P) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Receiver&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>file = <span class="self">self</span>.open(path.as_ref(), PipeEnd::Receiver)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         Receiver::from_file_unchecked(file)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates a [`Sender`] from a FIFO file with the options specified by `self`.
     ///
     /// This function will open the FIFO file at the specified path, possibly
     /// check if it is a pipe, and associate the pipe with the default event
     /// loop for writing.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// If the file type check fails, this function will fail with `io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput`.
     /// If the file is not opened in read-write access mode and the file is not
     /// currently open for reading, this function will fail with `ENXIO`.
     /// This function may also fail with other standard OS errors.
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if it is not called from within a runtime with
     /// IO enabled.
     ///
     /// The runtime is usually set implicitly when this function is called
     /// from a future driven by a tokio runtime, otherwise runtime can be set
     /// explicitly with [`Runtime::enter`](crate::runtime::Runtime::enter) function.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>open_sender&lt;P: AsRef&lt;Path&gt;&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, path: P) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Sender&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>file = <span class="self">self</span>.open(path.as_ref(), PipeEnd::Sender)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         Sender::from_file_unchecked(file)
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>open(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, path: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>Path, pipe_end: PipeEnd) -&gt; io::Result&lt;File&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>options = std::fs::OpenOptions::new();
         options
             .read(pipe_end == PipeEnd::Receiver)
             .write(pipe_end == PipeEnd::Sender)
             .custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK);

         <span class="attribute">#[cfg(target_os = <span class="string">&quot;linux&quot;</span>)]
         </span><span class="kw">if </span><span class="self">self</span>.read_write {
             options.read(<span class="bool-val">true</span>).write(<span class="bool-val">true</span>);
         }

         <span class="kw">let </span>file = options.open(path)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

         <span class="kw">if </span>!<span class="self">self</span>.unchecked &amp;&amp; !is_fifo(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>file)<span class="question-mark">? </span>{
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput, <span class="string">&quot;not a pipe&quot;</span>));
         }

         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(file)
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>Default <span class="kw">for </span>OpenOptions {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>default() -&gt; OpenOptions {
         OpenOptions::new()
     }
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
 </span><span class="kw">enum </span>PipeEnd {
     Sender,
     Receiver,
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Writing end of a Unix pipe.
 ///
 /// It can be constructed from a FIFO file with [`OpenOptions::open_sender`].
 ///
 /// Opening a named pipe for writing involves a few steps.
 /// Call to [`OpenOptions::open_sender`] might fail with an error indicating
 /// different things:
 ///
 /// * [`io::ErrorKind::NotFound`] - There is no file at the specified path.
 /// * [`io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput`] - The file exists, but it is not a FIFO.
 /// * [`ENXIO`] - The file is a FIFO, but no process has it open for reading.
 ///   Sleep for a while and try again.
 /// * Other OS errors not specific to opening FIFO files.
 ///
 /// Opening a `Sender` from a FIFO file should look like this:
 ///
 /// ```no_run
 /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
 /// use tokio::time::{self, Duration};
 ///
 /// const FIFO_NAME: &amp;str = &quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;;
 ///
 /// # async fn dox() -&gt; Result&lt;(), Box&lt;dyn std::error::Error&gt;&gt; {
 /// // Wait for a reader to open the file.
 /// let tx = loop {
 ///     match pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_sender(FIFO_NAME) {
 ///         Ok(tx) =&gt; break tx,
 ///         Err(e) if e.raw_os_error() == Some(libc::ENXIO) =&gt; {},
 ///         Err(e) =&gt; return Err(e.into()),
 ///     }
 ///
 ///     time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
 /// };
 /// # Ok(())
 /// # }
 /// ```
 ///
 /// On Linux, it is possible to create a `Sender` without waiting in a sleeping
 /// loop. This is done by opening a named pipe in read-write access mode with
 /// `OpenOptions::read_write`. This way, a `Sender` can at the same time hold
 /// both a writing end and a reading end, and the latter allows to open a FIFO
 /// without [`ENXIO`] error since the pipe is open for reading as well.
 ///
 /// `Sender` cannot be used to read from a pipe, so in practice the read access
 /// is only used when a FIFO is opened. However, using a `Sender` in read-write
 /// mode **may lead to lost data**, because written data will be dropped by the
 /// system as soon as all pipe ends are closed. To avoid lost data you have to
 /// make sure that a reading end has been opened before dropping a `Sender`.
 ///
 /// Note that using read-write access mode with FIFO files is not defined by
 /// the POSIX standard and it is only guaranteed to work on Linux.
 ///
 /// ```ignore
 /// use tokio::io::AsyncWriteExt;
 /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
 ///
 /// const FIFO_NAME: &amp;str = &quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;;
 ///
 /// # async fn dox() -&gt; Result&lt;(), Box&lt;dyn std::error::Error&gt;&gt; {
 /// let mut tx = pipe::OpenOptions::new()
 ///     .read_write(true)
 ///     .open_sender(FIFO_NAME)?;
 ///
 /// // Asynchronously write to the pipe before a reader.
 /// tx.write_all(b&quot;hello world&quot;).await?;
 /// # Ok(())
 /// # }
 /// ```
 ///
 /// [`ENXIO`]: https://docs.rs/libc/latest/libc/constant.ENXIO.html
 </span><span class="attribute">#[derive(Debug)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>Sender {
     io: PollEvented&lt;mio_pipe::Sender&gt;,
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>Sender {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>from_mio(mio_tx: mio_pipe::Sender) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Sender&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>io = PollEvented::new_with_interest(mio_tx, Interest::WRITABLE)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(Sender { io })
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates a new `Sender` from a [`File`].
     ///
     /// This function is intended to construct a pipe from a [`File`] representing
     /// a special FIFO file. It will check if the file is a pipe and has write access,
     /// set it in non-blocking mode and perform the conversion.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// Fails with `io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput` if the file is not a pipe or it
     /// does not have write access. Also fails with any standard OS error if it occurs.
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if it is not called from within a runtime with
     /// IO enabled.
     ///
     /// The runtime is usually set implicitly when this function is called
     /// from a future driven by a tokio runtime, otherwise runtime can be set
     /// explicitly with [`Runtime::enter`](crate::runtime::Runtime::enter) function.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>from_file(<span class="kw-2">mut </span>file: File) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Sender&gt; {
         <span class="kw">if </span>!is_fifo(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>file)<span class="question-mark">? </span>{
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput, <span class="string">&quot;not a pipe&quot;</span>));
         }

         <span class="kw">let </span>flags = get_file_flags(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>file)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="kw">if </span>has_write_access(flags) {
             set_nonblocking(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>file, flags)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
             Sender::from_file_unchecked(file)
         } <span class="kw">else </span>{
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(io::Error::new(
                 io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
                 <span class="string">&quot;not in O_WRONLY or O_RDWR access mode&quot;</span>,
             ))
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates a new `Sender` from a [`File`] without checking pipe properties.
     ///
     /// This function is intended to construct a pipe from a File representing
     /// a special FIFO file. The conversion assumes nothing about the underlying
     /// file; it is left up to the user to make sure it is opened with write access,
     /// represents a pipe and is set in non-blocking mode.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     /// use std::fs::OpenOptions;
     /// use std::os::unix::fs::{FileTypeExt, OpenOptionsExt};
     /// # use std::error::Error;
     ///
     /// const FIFO_NAME: &amp;str = &quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;;
     ///
     /// # async fn dox() -&gt; Result&lt;(), Box&lt;dyn Error&gt;&gt; {
     /// let file = OpenOptions::new()
     ///     .write(true)
     ///     .custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK)
     ///     .open(FIFO_NAME)?;
     /// if file.metadata()?.file_type().is_fifo() {
     ///     let tx = pipe::Sender::from_file_unchecked(file)?;
     ///     /* use the Sender */
     /// }
     /// # Ok(())
     /// # }
     /// ```
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if it is not called from within a runtime with
     /// IO enabled.
     ///
     /// The runtime is usually set implicitly when this function is called
     /// from a future driven by a tokio runtime, otherwise runtime can be set
     /// explicitly with [`Runtime::enter`](crate::runtime::Runtime::enter) function.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>from_file_unchecked(file: File) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Sender&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>raw_fd = file.into_raw_fd();
         <span class="kw">let </span>mio_tx = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ mio_pipe::Sender::from_raw_fd(raw_fd) };
         Sender::from_mio(mio_tx)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Waits for any of the requested ready states.
     ///
     /// This function can be used instead of [`writable()`] to check the returned
     /// ready set for [`Ready::WRITABLE`] and [`Ready::WRITE_CLOSED`] events.
     ///
     /// The function may complete without the pipe being ready. This is a
     /// false-positive and attempting an operation will return with
     /// `io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock`. The function can also return with an empty
     /// [`Ready`] set, so you should always check the returned value and possibly
     /// wait again if the requested states are not set.
     ///
     /// [`writable()`]: Self::writable
     ///
     /// # Cancel safety
     ///
     /// This method is cancel safe. Once a readiness event occurs, the method
     /// will continue to return immediately until the readiness event is
     /// consumed by an attempt to write that fails with `WouldBlock` or
     /// `Poll::Pending`.
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>ready(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, interest: Interest) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Ready&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>event = <span class="self">self</span>.io.registration().readiness(interest).<span class="kw">await</span><span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(event.ready)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Waits for the pipe to become writable.
     ///
     /// This function is equivalent to `ready(Interest::WRITABLE)` and is usually
     /// paired with [`try_write()`].
     ///
     /// [`try_write()`]: Self::try_write
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     /// use std::io;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
     ///     // Open a writing end of a fifo
     ///     let tx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_sender(&quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;)?;
     ///
     ///     loop {
     ///         // Wait for the pipe to be writable
     ///         tx.writable().await?;
     ///
     ///         // Try to write data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock`
     ///         // if the readiness event is a false positive.
     ///         match tx.try_write(b&quot;hello world&quot;) {
     ///             Ok(n) =&gt; {
     ///                 break;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock =&gt; {
     ///                 continue;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) =&gt; {
     ///                 return Err(e.into());
     ///             }
     ///         }
     ///     }
     ///
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>writable(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.ready(Interest::WRITABLE).<span class="kw">await</span><span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Polls for write readiness.
     ///
     /// If the pipe is not currently ready for writing, this method will
     /// store a clone of the `Waker` from the provided `Context`. When the pipe
     /// becomes ready for writing, `Waker::wake` will be called on the waker.
     ///
     /// Note that on multiple calls to `poll_write_ready` or `poll_write`, only
     /// the `Waker` from the `Context` passed to the most recent call is
     /// scheduled to receive a wakeup.
     ///
     /// This function is intended for cases where creating and pinning a future
     /// via [`writable`] is not feasible. Where possible, using [`writable`] is
     /// preferred, as this supports polling from multiple tasks at once.
     ///
     /// [`writable`]: Self::writable
     ///
     /// # Return value
     ///
     /// The function returns:
     ///
     /// * `Poll::Pending` if the pipe is not ready for writing.
     /// * `Poll::Ready(Ok(()))` if the pipe is ready for writing.
     /// * `Poll::Ready(Err(e))` if an error is encountered.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// This function may encounter any standard I/O error except `WouldBlock`.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>poll_write_ready(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, cx: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>Context&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; Poll&lt;io::Result&lt;()&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io.registration().poll_write_ready(cx).map_ok(|<span class="kw">_</span>| ())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Tries to write a buffer to the pipe, returning how many bytes were
     /// written.
     ///
     /// The function will attempt to write the entire contents of `buf`, but
     /// only part of the buffer may be written. If the length of `buf` is not
     /// greater than `PIPE_BUF` (an OS constant, 4096 under Linux), then the
     /// write is guaranteed to be atomic, i.e. either the entire content of
     /// `buf` will be written or this method will fail with `WouldBlock`. There
     /// is no such guarantee if `buf` is larger than `PIPE_BUF`.
     ///
     /// This function is usually paired with [`writable`].
     ///
     /// [`writable`]: Self::writable
     ///
     /// # Return
     ///
     /// If data is successfully written, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the
     /// number of bytes written. If the pipe is not ready to write data,
     /// `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     /// use std::io;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
     ///     // Open a writing end of a fifo
     ///     let tx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_sender(&quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;)?;
     ///
     ///     loop {
     ///         // Wait for the pipe to be writable
     ///         tx.writable().await?;
     ///
     ///         // Try to write data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock`
     ///         // if the readiness event is a false positive.
     ///         match tx.try_write(b&quot;hello world&quot;) {
     ///             Ok(n) =&gt; {
     ///                 break;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock =&gt; {
     ///                 continue;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) =&gt; {
     ///                 return Err(e.into());
     ///             }
     ///         }
     ///     }
     ///
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_write(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[u8]) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io
             .registration()
             .try_io(Interest::WRITABLE, || (<span class="kw-2">&amp;*</span><span class="self">self</span>.io).write(buf))
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Tries to write several buffers to the pipe, returning how many bytes
     /// were written.
     ///
     /// Data is written from each buffer in order, with the final buffer read
     /// from possible being only partially consumed. This method behaves
     /// equivalently to a single call to [`try_write()`] with concatenated
     /// buffers.
     ///
     /// If the total length of buffers is not greater than `PIPE_BUF` (an OS
     /// constant, 4096 under Linux), then the write is guaranteed to be atomic,
     /// i.e. either the entire contents of buffers will be written or this
     /// method will fail with `WouldBlock`. There is no such guarantee if the
     /// total length of buffers is greater than `PIPE_BUF`.
     ///
     /// This function is usually paired with [`writable`].
     ///
     /// [`try_write()`]: Self::try_write()
     /// [`writable`]: Self::writable
     ///
     /// # Return
     ///
     /// If data is successfully written, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the
     /// number of bytes written. If the pipe is not ready to write data,
     /// `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     /// use std::io;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
     ///     // Open a writing end of a fifo
     ///     let tx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_sender(&quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;)?;
     ///
     ///     let bufs = [io::IoSlice::new(b&quot;hello &quot;), io::IoSlice::new(b&quot;world&quot;)];
     ///
     ///     loop {
     ///         // Wait for the pipe to be writable
     ///         tx.writable().await?;
     ///
     ///         // Try to write data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock`
     ///         // if the readiness event is a false positive.
     ///         match tx.try_write_vectored(&amp;bufs) {
     ///             Ok(n) =&gt; {
     ///                 break;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock =&gt; {
     ///                 continue;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) =&gt; {
     ///                 return Err(e.into());
     ///             }
     ///         }
     ///     }
     ///
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_write_vectored(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[io::IoSlice&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;]) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io
             .registration()
             .try_io(Interest::WRITABLE, || (<span class="kw-2">&amp;*</span><span class="self">self</span>.io).write_vectored(buf))
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>AsyncWrite <span class="kw">for </span>Sender {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>poll_write(
         <span class="self">self</span>: Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>&gt;,
         cx: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>Context&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;,
         buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[u8],
     ) -&gt; Poll&lt;io::Result&lt;usize&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io.poll_write(cx, buf)
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>poll_write_vectored(
         <span class="self">self</span>: Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>&gt;,
         cx: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>Context&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;,
         bufs: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>[io::IoSlice&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;],
     ) -&gt; Poll&lt;io::Result&lt;usize&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io.poll_write_vectored(cx, bufs)
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>is_write_vectored(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; bool {
         <span class="bool-val">true
     </span>}

     <span class="kw">fn </span>poll_flush(<span class="self">self</span>: Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>&gt;, <span class="kw">_</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>Context&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; Poll&lt;io::Result&lt;()&gt;&gt; {
         Poll::Ready(<span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(()))
     }

     <span class="kw">fn </span>poll_shutdown(<span class="self">self</span>: Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>&gt;, <span class="kw">_</span>: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>Context&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; Poll&lt;io::Result&lt;()&gt;&gt; {
         Poll::Ready(<span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(()))
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>AsRawFd <span class="kw">for </span>Sender {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>as_raw_fd(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; RawFd {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io.as_raw_fd()
     }
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(not(tokio_no_as_fd))]
 </span><span class="kw">impl </span>AsFd <span class="kw">for </span>Sender {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>as_fd(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; BorrowedFd&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt; {
         <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ BorrowedFd::borrow_raw(<span class="self">self</span>.as_raw_fd()) }
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Reading end of a Unix pipe.
 ///
 /// It can be constructed from a FIFO file with [`OpenOptions::open_receiver`].
 ///
 /// # Examples
 ///
 /// Receiving messages from a named pipe in a loop:
 ///
 /// ```no_run
 /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
 /// use tokio::io::{self, AsyncReadExt};
 ///
 /// const FIFO_NAME: &amp;str = &quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;;
 ///
 /// # async fn dox() -&gt; Result&lt;(), Box&lt;dyn std::error::Error&gt;&gt; {
 /// let mut rx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_receiver(FIFO_NAME)?;
 /// loop {
 ///     let mut msg = vec![0; 256];
 ///     match rx.read_exact(&amp;mut msg).await {
 ///         Ok(_) =&gt; {
 ///             /* handle the message */
 ///         }
 ///         Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof =&gt; {
 ///             // Writing end has been closed, we should reopen the pipe.
 ///             rx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_receiver(FIFO_NAME)?;
 ///         }
 ///         Err(e) =&gt; return Err(e.into()),
 ///     }
 /// }
 /// # }
 /// ```
 ///
 /// On Linux, you can use a `Receiver` in read-write access mode to implement
 /// resilient reading from a named pipe. Unlike `Receiver` opened in read-only
 /// mode, read from a pipe in read-write mode will not fail with `UnexpectedEof`
 /// when the writing end is closed. This way, a `Receiver` can asynchronously
 /// wait for the next writer to open the pipe.
 ///
 /// You should not use functions waiting for EOF such as [`read_to_end`] with
 /// a `Receiver` in read-write access mode, since it **may wait forever**.
 /// `Receiver` in this mode also holds an open writing end, which prevents
 /// receiving EOF.
 ///
 /// To set the read-write access mode you can use `OpenOptions::read_write`.
 /// Note that using read-write access mode with FIFO files is not defined by
 /// the POSIX standard and it is only guaranteed to work on Linux.
 ///
 /// ```ignore
 /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
 /// use tokio::io::AsyncReadExt;
 /// # use std::error::Error;
 ///
 /// const FIFO_NAME: &amp;str = &quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;;
 ///
 /// # async fn dox() -&gt; Result&lt;(), Box&lt;dyn Error&gt;&gt; {
 /// let mut rx = pipe::OpenOptions::new()
 ///     .read_write(true)
 ///     .open_receiver(FIFO_NAME)?;
 /// loop {
 ///     let mut msg = vec![0; 256];
 ///     rx.read_exact(&amp;mut msg).await?;
 ///     /* handle the message */
 /// }
 /// # }
 /// ```
 ///
 /// [`read_to_end`]: crate::io::AsyncReadExt::read_to_end
 </span><span class="attribute">#[derive(Debug)]
 </span><span class="kw">pub struct </span>Receiver {
     io: PollEvented&lt;mio_pipe::Receiver&gt;,
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>Receiver {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>from_mio(mio_rx: mio_pipe::Receiver) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Receiver&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>io = PollEvented::new_with_interest(mio_rx, Interest::READABLE)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(Receiver { io })
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates a new `Receiver` from a [`File`].
     ///
     /// This function is intended to construct a pipe from a [`File`] representing
     /// a special FIFO file. It will check if the file is a pipe and has read access,
     /// set it in non-blocking mode and perform the conversion.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// Fails with `io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput` if the file is not a pipe or it
     /// does not have read access. Also fails with any standard OS error if it occurs.
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if it is not called from within a runtime with
     /// IO enabled.
     ///
     /// The runtime is usually set implicitly when this function is called
     /// from a future driven by a tokio runtime, otherwise runtime can be set
     /// explicitly with [`Runtime::enter`](crate::runtime::Runtime::enter) function.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>from_file(<span class="kw-2">mut </span>file: File) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Receiver&gt; {
         <span class="kw">if </span>!is_fifo(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>file)<span class="question-mark">? </span>{
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput, <span class="string">&quot;not a pipe&quot;</span>));
         }

         <span class="kw">let </span>flags = get_file_flags(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>file)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="kw">if </span>has_read_access(flags) {
             set_nonblocking(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>file, flags)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;
             Receiver::from_file_unchecked(file)
         } <span class="kw">else </span>{
             <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(io::Error::new(
                 io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
                 <span class="string">&quot;not in O_RDONLY or O_RDWR access mode&quot;</span>,
             ))
         }
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Creates a new `Receiver` from a [`File`] without checking pipe properties.
     ///
     /// This function is intended to construct a pipe from a File representing
     /// a special FIFO file. The conversion assumes nothing about the underlying
     /// file; it is left up to the user to make sure it is opened with read access,
     /// represents a pipe and is set in non-blocking mode.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     /// use std::fs::OpenOptions;
     /// use std::os::unix::fs::{FileTypeExt, OpenOptionsExt};
     /// # use std::error::Error;
     ///
     /// const FIFO_NAME: &amp;str = &quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;;
     ///
     /// # async fn dox() -&gt; Result&lt;(), Box&lt;dyn Error&gt;&gt; {
     /// let file = OpenOptions::new()
     ///     .read(true)
     ///     .custom_flags(libc::O_NONBLOCK)
     ///     .open(FIFO_NAME)?;
     /// if file.metadata()?.file_type().is_fifo() {
     ///     let rx = pipe::Receiver::from_file_unchecked(file)?;
     ///     /* use the Receiver */
     /// }
     /// # Ok(())
     /// # }
     /// ```
     ///
     /// # Panics
     ///
     /// This function panics if it is not called from within a runtime with
     /// IO enabled.
     ///
     /// The runtime is usually set implicitly when this function is called
     /// from a future driven by a tokio runtime, otherwise runtime can be set
     /// explicitly with [`Runtime::enter`](crate::runtime::Runtime::enter) function.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>from_file_unchecked(file: File) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Receiver&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>raw_fd = file.into_raw_fd();
         <span class="kw">let </span>mio_rx = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ mio_pipe::Receiver::from_raw_fd(raw_fd) };
         Receiver::from_mio(mio_rx)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Waits for any of the requested ready states.
     ///
     /// This function can be used instead of [`readable()`] to check the returned
     /// ready set for [`Ready::READABLE`] and [`Ready::READ_CLOSED`] events.
     ///
     /// The function may complete without the pipe being ready. This is a
     /// false-positive and attempting an operation will return with
     /// `io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock`. The function can also return with an empty
     /// [`Ready`] set, so you should always check the returned value and possibly
     /// wait again if the requested states are not set.
     ///
     /// [`readable()`]: Self::readable
     ///
     /// # Cancel safety
     ///
     /// This method is cancel safe. Once a readiness event occurs, the method
     /// will continue to return immediately until the readiness event is
     /// consumed by an attempt to read that fails with `WouldBlock` or
     /// `Poll::Pending`.
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>ready(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, interest: Interest) -&gt; io::Result&lt;Ready&gt; {
         <span class="kw">let </span>event = <span class="self">self</span>.io.registration().readiness(interest).<span class="kw">await</span><span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(event.ready)
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Waits for the pipe to become readable.
     ///
     /// This function is equivalent to `ready(Interest::READABLE)` and is usually
     /// paired with [`try_read()`].
     ///
     /// [`try_read()`]: Self::try_read()
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     /// use std::io;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
     ///     // Open a reading end of a fifo
     ///     let rx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_receiver(&quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;)?;
     ///
     ///     let mut msg = vec![0; 1024];
     ///
     ///     loop {
     ///         // Wait for the pipe to be readable
     ///         rx.readable().await?;
     ///
     ///         // Try to read data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock`
     ///         // if the readiness event is a false positive.
     ///         match rx.try_read(&amp;mut msg) {
     ///             Ok(n) =&gt; {
     ///                 msg.truncate(n);
     ///                 break;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock =&gt; {
     ///                 continue;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) =&gt; {
     ///                 return Err(e.into());
     ///             }
     ///         }
     ///     }
     ///
     ///     println!(&quot;GOT = {:?}&quot;, msg);
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub async fn </span>readable(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.ready(Interest::READABLE).<span class="kw">await</span><span class="question-mark">?</span>;
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Polls for read readiness.
     ///
     /// If the pipe is not currently ready for reading, this method will
     /// store a clone of the `Waker` from the provided `Context`. When the pipe
     /// becomes ready for reading, `Waker::wake` will be called on the waker.
     ///
     /// Note that on multiple calls to `poll_read_ready` or `poll_read`, only
     /// the `Waker` from the `Context` passed to the most recent call is
     /// scheduled to receive a wakeup.
     ///
     /// This function is intended for cases where creating and pinning a future
     /// via [`readable`] is not feasible. Where possible, using [`readable`] is
     /// preferred, as this supports polling from multiple tasks at once.
     ///
     /// [`readable`]: Self::readable
     ///
     /// # Return value
     ///
     /// The function returns:
     ///
     /// * `Poll::Pending` if the pipe is not ready for reading.
     /// * `Poll::Ready(Ok(()))` if the pipe is ready for reading.
     /// * `Poll::Ready(Err(e))` if an error is encountered.
     ///
     /// # Errors
     ///
     /// This function may encounter any standard I/O error except `WouldBlock`.
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>poll_read_ready(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, cx: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>Context&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;) -&gt; Poll&lt;io::Result&lt;()&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io.registration().poll_read_ready(cx).map_ok(|<span class="kw">_</span>| ())
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Tries to read data from the pipe into the provided buffer, returning how
     /// many bytes were read.
     ///
     /// Reads any pending data from the pipe but does not wait for new data
     /// to arrive. On success, returns the number of bytes read. Because
     /// `try_read()` is non-blocking, the buffer does not have to be stored by
     /// the async task and can exist entirely on the stack.
     ///
     /// Usually [`readable()`] is used with this function.
     ///
     /// [`readable()`]: Self::readable()
     ///
     /// # Return
     ///
     /// If data is successfully read, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the
     /// number of bytes read. If `n` is `0`, then it can indicate one of two scenarios:
     ///
     /// 1. The pipe&#39;s writing end is closed and will no longer write data.
     /// 2. The specified buffer was 0 bytes in length.
     ///
     /// If the pipe is not ready to read data,
     /// `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     /// use std::io;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
     ///     // Open a reading end of a fifo
     ///     let rx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_receiver(&quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;)?;
     ///
     ///     let mut msg = vec![0; 1024];
     ///
     ///     loop {
     ///         // Wait for the pipe to be readable
     ///         rx.readable().await?;
     ///
     ///         // Try to read data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock`
     ///         // if the readiness event is a false positive.
     ///         match rx.try_read(&amp;mut msg) {
     ///             Ok(n) =&gt; {
     ///                 msg.truncate(n);
     ///                 break;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock =&gt; {
     ///                 continue;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) =&gt; {
     ///                 return Err(e.into());
     ///             }
     ///         }
     ///     }
     ///
     ///     println!(&quot;GOT = {:?}&quot;, msg);
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_read(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>[u8]) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io
             .registration()
             .try_io(Interest::READABLE, || (<span class="kw-2">&amp;*</span><span class="self">self</span>.io).read(buf))
     }

     <span class="doccomment">/// Tries to read data from the pipe into the provided buffers, returning
     /// how many bytes were read.
     ///
     /// Data is copied to fill each buffer in order, with the final buffer
     /// written to possibly being only partially filled. This method behaves
     /// equivalently to a single call to [`try_read()`] with concatenated
     /// buffers.
     ///
     /// Reads any pending data from the pipe but does not wait for new data
     /// to arrive. On success, returns the number of bytes read. Because
     /// `try_read_vectored()` is non-blocking, the buffer does not have to be
     /// stored by the async task and can exist entirely on the stack.
     ///
     /// Usually, [`readable()`] is used with this function.
     ///
     /// [`try_read()`]: Self::try_read()
     /// [`readable()`]: Self::readable()
     ///
     /// # Return
     ///
     /// If data is successfully read, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the
     /// number of bytes read. `Ok(0)` indicates the pipe&#39;s writing end is
     /// closed and will no longer write data. If the pipe is not ready to read
     /// data `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
     /// use std::io;
     ///
     /// #[tokio::main]
     /// async fn main() -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
     ///     // Open a reading end of a fifo
     ///     let rx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_receiver(&quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;)?;
     ///
     ///     loop {
     ///         // Wait for the pipe to be readable
     ///         rx.readable().await?;
     ///
     ///         // Creating the buffer **after** the `await` prevents it from
     ///         // being stored in the async task.
     ///         let mut buf_a = [0; 512];
     ///         let mut buf_b = [0; 1024];
     ///         let mut bufs = [
     ///             io::IoSliceMut::new(&amp;mut buf_a),
     ///             io::IoSliceMut::new(&amp;mut buf_b),
     ///         ];
     ///
     ///         // Try to read data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock`
     ///         // if the readiness event is a false positive.
     ///         match rx.try_read_vectored(&amp;mut bufs) {
     ///             Ok(0) =&gt; break,
     ///             Ok(n) =&gt; {
     ///                 println!(&quot;read {} bytes&quot;, n);
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock =&gt; {
     ///                 continue;
     ///             }
     ///             Err(e) =&gt; {
     ///                 return Err(e.into());
     ///             }
     ///         }
     ///     }
     ///
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
     </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_read_vectored(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, bufs: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>[io::IoSliceMut&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;]) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io
             .registration()
             .try_io(Interest::READABLE, || (<span class="kw-2">&amp;*</span><span class="self">self</span>.io).read_vectored(bufs))
     }

     <span class="macro">cfg_io_util! </span>{
         <span class="doccomment">/// Tries to read data from the pipe into the provided buffer, advancing the
         /// buffer&#39;s internal cursor, returning how many bytes were read.
         ///
         /// Reads any pending data from the pipe but does not wait for new data
         /// to arrive. On success, returns the number of bytes read. Because
         /// `try_read_buf()` is non-blocking, the buffer does not have to be stored by
         /// the async task and can exist entirely on the stack.
         ///
         /// Usually, [`readable()`] or [`ready()`] is used with this function.
         ///
         /// [`readable()`]: Self::readable
         /// [`ready()`]: Self::ready
         ///
         /// # Return
         ///
         /// If data is successfully read, `Ok(n)` is returned, where `n` is the
         /// number of bytes read. `Ok(0)` indicates the pipe&#39;s writing end is
         /// closed and will no longer write data. If the pipe is not ready to read
         /// data `Err(io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock)` is returned.
         ///
         /// # Examples
         ///
         /// ```no_run
         /// use tokio::net::unix::pipe;
         /// use std::io;
         ///
         /// #[tokio::main]
         /// async fn main() -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
         ///     // Open a reading end of a fifo
         ///     let rx = pipe::OpenOptions::new().open_receiver(&quot;path/to/a/fifo&quot;)?;
         ///
         ///     loop {
         ///         // Wait for the pipe to be readable
         ///         rx.readable().await?;
         ///
         ///         let mut buf = Vec::with_capacity(4096);
         ///
         ///         // Try to read data, this may still fail with `WouldBlock`
         ///         // if the readiness event is a false positive.
         ///         match rx.try_read_buf(&amp;mut buf) {
         ///             Ok(0) =&gt; break,
         ///             Ok(n) =&gt; {
         ///                 println!(&quot;read {} bytes&quot;, n);
         ///             }
         ///             Err(ref e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock =&gt; {
         ///                 continue;
         ///             }
         ///             Err(e) =&gt; {
         ///                 return Err(e.into());
         ///             }
         ///         }
         ///     }
         ///
         ///     Ok(())
         /// }
         /// ```
         </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>try_read_buf&lt;B: BufMut&gt;(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>, buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>B) -&gt; io::Result&lt;usize&gt; {
             <span class="self">self</span>.io.registration().try_io(Interest::READABLE, || {
                 <span class="kw">use </span>std::io::Read;

                 <span class="kw">let </span>dst = buf.chunk_mut();
                 <span class="kw">let </span>dst =
                     <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut *</span>(dst <span class="kw">as </span><span class="kw-2">*mut </span><span class="kw">_ as </span><span class="kw-2">*mut </span>[std::mem::MaybeUninit&lt;u8&gt;] <span class="kw">as </span><span class="kw-2">*mut </span>[u8]) };

                 <span class="comment">// Safety: `mio_pipe::Receiver` uses a `std::fs::File` underneath,
                 // which correctly handles reads into uninitialized memory.
                 </span><span class="kw">let </span>n = (<span class="kw-2">&amp;*</span><span class="self">self</span>.io).read(dst)<span class="question-mark">?</span>;

                 <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{
                     buf.advance_mut(n);
                 }

                 <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(n)
             })
         }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>AsyncRead <span class="kw">for </span>Receiver {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>poll_read(
         <span class="self">self</span>: Pin&lt;<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>&gt;,
         cx: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>Context&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;,
         buf: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>ReadBuf&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt;,
     ) -&gt; Poll&lt;io::Result&lt;()&gt;&gt; {
         <span class="comment">// Safety: `mio_pipe::Receiver` uses a `std::fs::File` underneath,
         // which correctly handles reads into uninitialized memory.
         </span><span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ <span class="self">self</span>.io.poll_read(cx, buf) }
     }
 }

 <span class="kw">impl </span>AsRawFd <span class="kw">for </span>Receiver {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>as_raw_fd(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; RawFd {
         <span class="self">self</span>.io.as_raw_fd()
     }
 }

 <span class="attribute">#[cfg(not(tokio_no_as_fd))]
 </span><span class="kw">impl </span>AsFd <span class="kw">for </span>Receiver {
     <span class="kw">fn </span>as_fd(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="self">self</span>) -&gt; BorrowedFd&lt;<span class="lifetime">&#39;_</span>&gt; {
         <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ BorrowedFd::borrow_raw(<span class="self">self</span>.as_raw_fd()) }
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Checks if file is a FIFO
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>is_fifo(file: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>File) -&gt; io::Result&lt;bool&gt; {
     <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(file.metadata()<span class="question-mark">?</span>.file_type().is_fifo())
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Gets file descriptor&#39;s flags by fcntl.
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>get_file_flags(file: <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span>File) -&gt; io::Result&lt;libc::c_int&gt; {
     <span class="kw">let </span>fd = file.as_raw_fd();
     <span class="kw">let </span>flags = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_GETFL) };
     <span class="kw">if </span>flags &lt; <span class="number">0 </span>{
         <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(io::Error::last_os_error())
     } <span class="kw">else </span>{
         <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(flags)
     }
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Checks for O_RDONLY or O_RDWR access mode.
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>has_read_access(flags: libc::c_int) -&gt; bool {
     <span class="kw">let </span>mode = flags &amp; libc::O_ACCMODE;
     mode == libc::O_RDONLY || mode == libc::O_RDWR
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Checks for O_WRONLY or O_RDWR access mode.
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>has_write_access(flags: libc::c_int) -&gt; bool {
     <span class="kw">let </span>mode = flags &amp; libc::O_ACCMODE;
     mode == libc::O_WRONLY || mode == libc::O_RDWR
 }

 <span class="doccomment">/// Sets file&#39;s flags with O_NONBLOCK by fcntl.
 </span><span class="kw">fn </span>set_nonblocking(file: <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>File, current_flags: libc::c_int) -&gt; io::Result&lt;()&gt; {
     <span class="kw">let </span>fd = file.as_raw_fd();

     <span class="kw">let </span>flags = current_flags | libc::O_NONBLOCK;

     <span class="kw">if </span>flags != current_flags {
         <span class="kw">let </span>ret = <span class="kw">unsafe </span>{ libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_SETFL, flags) };
         <span class="kw">if </span>ret &lt; <span class="number">0 </span>{
             <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(io::Error::last_os_error());
         }
     }

     <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(())
 }
 </code></pre></div>
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