| <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Source of the Rust file `/root/.cargo/registry/src/github.com-1ecc6299db9ec823/itertools-0.8.2/src/lib.rs`."><meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang"><title>lib.rs - source</title><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Regular.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../FiraSans-Medium.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Regular.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceSerif4-Bold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../SourceCodePro-Semibold.ttf.woff2"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../normalize.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../ayu.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../dark.css" disabled><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../light.css" id="themeStyle"><script id="default-settings" ></script><script src="../../storage.js"></script><script defer src="../../source-script.js"></script><script defer src="../../source-files.js"></script><script defer src="../../main.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="alternate icon" type="image/png" href="../../favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="../../favicon.svg"></head><body class="rustdoc source"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="sidebar"><a class="sidebar-logo" href="../../itertools/index.html"><div class="logo-container"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></div></a></nav><main><div class="width-limiter"><nav class="sub"><a class="sub-logo-container" href="../../itertools/index.html"><img class="rust-logo" src="../../rust-logo.svg" alt="logo"></a><form class="search-form"><div class="search-container"><span></span><input class="search-input" name="search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Click or press ‘S’ to search, ‘?’ for more options…" type="search"><div id="help-button" title="help" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../help.html">?</a></div><div id="settings-menu" tabindex="-1"><a href="../../settings.html" title="settings"><img width="22" height="22" alt="Change settings" src="../../wheel.svg"></a></div></div></form></nav><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="example-wrap"><pre class="src-line-numbers"><span id="1">1</span> |
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| <span id="2391">2391</span> |
| </pre><pre class="rust"><code><span class="attribute">#![warn(missing_docs)] |
| #![crate_name=<span class="string">"itertools"</span>] |
| #![cfg_attr(not(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>), no_std)] |
| |
| </span><span class="doccomment">//! Extra iterator adaptors, functions and macros. |
| //! |
| //! To extend [`Iterator`] with methods in this crate, import |
| //! the [`Itertools` trait](./trait.Itertools.html): |
| //! |
| //! ``` |
| //! use itertools::Itertools; |
| //! ``` |
| //! |
| //! Now, new methods like [`interleave`](./trait.Itertools.html#method.interleave) |
| //! are available on all iterators: |
| //! |
| //! ``` |
| //! use itertools::Itertools; |
| //! |
| //! let it = (1..3).interleave(vec![-1, -2]); |
| //! itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![1, -1, 2, -2]); |
| //! ``` |
| //! |
| //! Most iterator methods are also provided as functions (with the benefit |
| //! that they convert parameters using [`IntoIterator`]): |
| //! |
| //! ``` |
| //! use itertools::interleave; |
| //! |
| //! for elt in interleave(&[1, 2, 3], &[2, 3, 4]) { |
| //! /* loop body */ |
| //! } |
| //! ``` |
| //! |
| //! ## Crate Features |
| //! |
| //! - `use_std` |
| //! - Enabled by default. |
| //! - Disable to compile itertools using `#![no_std]`. This disables |
| //! any items that depend on collections (like `group_by`, `unique`, |
| //! `kmerge`, `join` and many more). |
| //! |
| //! ## Rust Version |
| //! |
| //! This version of itertools requires Rust 1.24 or later. |
| //! |
| //! [`Iterator`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html |
| </span><span class="attribute">#![doc(html_root_url=<span class="string">"https://docs.rs/itertools/0.8/"</span>)] |
| |
| </span><span class="kw">extern crate </span>either; |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(not(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>))] |
| </span><span class="kw">extern crate </span>core <span class="kw">as </span>std; |
| |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>either::Either; |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">use </span>std::collections::HashMap; |
| <span class="kw">use </span>std::iter::{IntoIterator, once}; |
| <span class="kw">use </span>std::cmp::Ordering; |
| <span class="kw">use </span>std::fmt; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">use </span>std::hash::Hash; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">use </span>std::fmt::Write; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">type </span>VecIntoIter<T> = ::std::vec::IntoIter<T>; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">use </span>std::iter::FromIterator; |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[macro_use] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>impl_macros; |
| |
| <span class="comment">// for compatibility with no std and macros |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[doc(hidden)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>std::iter <span class="kw">as </span>__std_iter; |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// The concrete iterator types. |
| </span><span class="kw">pub mod </span>structs { |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>adaptors::{ |
| Dedup, |
| DedupBy, |
| Interleave, |
| InterleaveShortest, |
| Product, |
| PutBack, |
| Batching, |
| MapInto, |
| MapResults, |
| Merge, |
| MergeBy, |
| TakeWhileRef, |
| WhileSome, |
| Coalesce, |
| TupleCombinations, |
| Positions, |
| Update, |
| }; |
| <span class="attribute">#[allow(deprecated)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>adaptors::Step; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>adaptors::MultiProduct; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>combinations::Combinations; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>combinations_with_replacement::CombinationsWithReplacement; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>cons_tuples_impl::ConsTuples; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>exactly_one_err::ExactlyOneError; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>format::{Format, FormatWith}; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>groupbylazy::{IntoChunks, Chunk, Chunks, GroupBy, Group, Groups}; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>intersperse::Intersperse; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>kmerge_impl::{KMerge, KMergeBy}; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>merge_join::MergeJoinBy; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>multipeek_impl::MultiPeek; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>pad_tail::PadUsing; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>peeking_take_while::PeekingTakeWhile; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>permutations::Permutations; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>process_results_impl::ProcessResults; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>put_back_n_impl::PutBackN; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>rciter_impl::RcIter; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>repeatn::RepeatN; |
| <span class="attribute">#[allow(deprecated)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>sources::{RepeatCall, Unfold, Iterate}; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>tee::Tee; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>tuple_impl::{TupleBuffer, TupleWindows, Tuples}; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>unique_impl::{Unique, UniqueBy}; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>with_position::WithPosition; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>zip_eq_impl::ZipEq; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>zip_longest::ZipLongest; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>ziptuple::Zip; |
| } |
| <span class="attribute">#[allow(deprecated)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>structs::<span class="kw-2">*</span>; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>concat_impl::concat; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>cons_tuples_impl::cons_tuples; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>diff::diff_with; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>diff::Diff; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>kmerge_impl::{kmerge_by}; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>minmax::MinMaxResult; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>peeking_take_while::PeekingNext; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>process_results_impl::process_results; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>repeatn::repeat_n; |
| <span class="attribute">#[allow(deprecated)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>sources::{repeat_call, unfold, iterate}; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>with_position::Position; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>ziptuple::multizip; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>adaptors; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>either_or_both; |
| <span class="kw">pub use </span>either_or_both::EitherOrBoth; |
| <span class="attribute">#[doc(hidden)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub mod </span>free; |
| <span class="attribute">#[doc(inline)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub use </span>free::<span class="kw-2">*</span>; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>concat_impl; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>cons_tuples_impl; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>combinations; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>combinations_with_replacement; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>exactly_one_err; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>diff; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>format; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>group_map; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>groupbylazy; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>intersperse; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>kmerge_impl; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>lazy_buffer; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>merge_join; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>minmax; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>multipeek_impl; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>pad_tail; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>peeking_take_while; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>permutations; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>process_results_impl; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>put_back_n_impl; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>rciter_impl; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>repeatn; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>size_hint; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>sources; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>tee; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>tuple_impl; |
| <span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">mod </span>unique_impl; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>with_position; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>zip_eq_impl; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>zip_longest; |
| <span class="kw">mod </span>ziptuple; |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[macro_export] |
| </span><span class="doccomment">/// Create an iterator over the “cartesian product” of iterators. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is like `(A, B, ..., E)` if formed |
| /// from iterators `(I, J, ..., M)` with element types `I::Item = A`, `J::Item = B`, etc. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// #[macro_use] extern crate itertools; |
| /// # fn main() { |
| /// // Iterate over the coordinates of a 4 x 4 x 4 grid |
| /// // from (0, 0, 0), (0, 0, 1), .., (0, 1, 0), (0, 1, 1), .. etc until (3, 3, 3) |
| /// for (i, j, k) in iproduct!(0..4, 0..4, 0..4) { |
| /// // .. |
| /// } |
| /// # } |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// **Note:** To enable the macros in this crate, use the `#[macro_use]` |
| /// attribute when importing the crate: |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// #[macro_use] extern crate itertools; |
| /// # fn main() { } |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="macro">macro_rules! </span>iproduct { |
| (@flatten <span class="macro-nonterminal">$I</span>:expr,) => ( |
| <span class="macro-nonterminal">$I |
| </span>); |
| (@flatten <span class="macro-nonterminal">$I</span>:expr, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$J</span>:expr, $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$K</span>:expr,)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) => ( |
| <span class="macro">iproduct!</span>(@flatten <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::cons_tuples</span>(<span class="macro">iproduct!</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$I</span>, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$J</span>)), $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$K</span>,)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) |
| ); |
| (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$I</span>:expr) => ( |
| <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::__std_iter::IntoIterator::into_iter</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$I</span>) |
| ); |
| (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$I</span>:expr, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$J</span>:expr) => ( |
| <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::Itertools::cartesian_product</span>(<span class="macro">iproduct!</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$I</span>), <span class="macro">iproduct!</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$J</span>)) |
| ); |
| (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$I</span>:expr, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$J</span>:expr, $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$K</span>:expr),+) => ( |
| <span class="macro">iproduct!</span>(@flatten <span class="macro">iproduct!</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$I</span>, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$J</span>), $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$K</span>,)+) |
| ); |
| } |
| |
| <span class="attribute">#[macro_export] |
| </span><span class="doccomment">/// Create an iterator running multiple iterators in lockstep. |
| /// |
| /// The `izip!` iterator yields elements until any subiterator |
| /// returns `None`. |
| /// |
| /// This is a version of the standard ``.zip()`` that's supporting more than |
| /// two iterators. The iterator element type is a tuple with one element |
| /// from each of the input iterators. Just like ``.zip()``, the iteration stops |
| /// when the shortest of the inputs reaches its end. |
| /// |
| /// **Note:** The result of this macro is in the general case an iterator |
| /// composed of repeated `.zip()` and a `.map()`; it has an anonymous type. |
| /// The special cases of one and two arguments produce the equivalent of |
| /// `$a.into_iter()` and `$a.into_iter().zip($b)` respectively. |
| /// |
| /// Prefer this macro `izip!()` over [`multizip`] for the performance benefits |
| /// of using the standard library `.zip()`. |
| /// |
| /// [`multizip`]: fn.multizip.html |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// #[macro_use] extern crate itertools; |
| /// # fn main() { |
| /// |
| /// // iterate over three sequences side-by-side |
| /// let mut results = [0, 0, 0, 0]; |
| /// let inputs = [3, 7, 9, 6]; |
| /// |
| /// for (r, index, input) in izip!(&mut results, 0..10, &inputs) { |
| /// *r = index * 10 + input; |
| /// } |
| /// |
| /// assert_eq!(results, [0 + 3, 10 + 7, 29, 36]); |
| /// # } |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// **Note:** To enable the macros in this crate, use the `#[macro_use]` |
| /// attribute when importing the crate: |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// #[macro_use] extern crate itertools; |
| /// # fn main() { } |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="macro">macro_rules! </span>izip { |
| <span class="comment">// @closure creates a tuple-flattening closure for .map() call. usage: |
| // @closure partial_pattern => partial_tuple , rest , of , iterators |
| // eg. izip!( @closure ((a, b), c) => (a, b, c) , dd , ee ) |
| </span>( @closure <span class="macro-nonterminal">$p</span>:pat => <span class="macro-nonterminal">$tup</span>:expr ) => { |
| |<span class="macro-nonterminal">$p</span>| <span class="macro-nonterminal">$tup |
| </span>}; |
| |
| <span class="comment">// The "b" identifier is a different identifier on each recursion level thanks to hygiene. |
| </span>( @closure <span class="macro-nonterminal">$p</span>:pat => ( $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$tup</span>:tt)* ) , <span class="macro-nonterminal">$_iter</span>:expr $( , <span class="macro-nonterminal">$tail</span>:expr )* ) => { |
| <span class="macro">izip!</span>(@closure (<span class="macro-nonterminal">$p</span>, b) => ( $(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$tup</span>)<span class="kw-2">*</span>, b ) $( , <span class="macro-nonterminal">$tail </span>)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) |
| }; |
| |
| <span class="comment">// unary |
| </span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$first</span>:expr $(,)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) => { |
| <span class="macro-nonterminal">$crate::__std_iter::IntoIterator::into_iter</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$first</span>) |
| }; |
| |
| <span class="comment">// binary |
| </span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$first</span>:expr, <span class="macro-nonterminal">$second</span>:expr $(,)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) => { |
| <span class="macro">izip!</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$first</span>) |
| .zip(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$second</span>) |
| }; |
| |
| <span class="comment">// n-ary where n > 2 |
| </span>( <span class="macro-nonterminal">$first</span>:expr $( , <span class="macro-nonterminal">$rest</span>:expr )* $(,)* ) => { |
| <span class="macro">izip!</span>(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$first</span>) |
| $( |
| .zip(<span class="macro-nonterminal">$rest</span>) |
| )* |
| .map( |
| <span class="macro">izip!</span>(@closure a => (a) $( , <span class="macro-nonterminal">$rest </span>)<span class="kw-2">*</span>) |
| ) |
| }; |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// An [`Iterator`] blanket implementation that provides extra adaptors and |
| /// methods. |
| /// |
| /// This trait defines a number of methods. They are divided into two groups: |
| /// |
| /// * *Adaptors* take an iterator and parameter as input, and return |
| /// a new iterator value. These are listed first in the trait. An example |
| /// of an adaptor is [`.interleave()`](#method.interleave) |
| /// |
| /// * *Regular methods* are those that don't return iterators and instead |
| /// return a regular value of some other kind. |
| /// [`.next_tuple()`](#method.next_tuple) is an example and the first regular |
| /// method in the list. |
| /// |
| /// [`Iterator`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html |
| </span><span class="kw">pub trait </span>Itertools : Iterator { |
| <span class="comment">// adaptors |
| |
| </span><span class="doccomment">/// Alternate elements from two iterators until both have run out. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// This iterator is *fused*. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let it = (1..7).interleave(vec![-1, -2]); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![1, -1, 2, -2, 3, 4, 5, 6]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>interleave<J>(<span class="self">self</span>, other: J) -> Interleave<<span class="self">Self</span>, J::IntoIter> |
| <span class="kw">where </span>J: IntoIterator<Item = <span class="self">Self</span>::Item>, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized |
| { |
| interleave(<span class="self">self</span>, other) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Alternate elements from two iterators until at least one of them has run |
| /// out. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let it = (1..7).interleave_shortest(vec![-1, -2]); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![1, -1, 2, -2, 3]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>interleave_shortest<J>(<span class="self">self</span>, other: J) -> InterleaveShortest<<span class="self">Self</span>, J::IntoIter> |
| <span class="kw">where </span>J: IntoIterator<Item = <span class="self">Self</span>::Item>, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized |
| { |
| adaptors::interleave_shortest(<span class="self">self</span>, other.into_iter()) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// An iterator adaptor to insert a particular value |
| /// between each element of the adapted iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// This iterator is *fused*. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// itertools::assert_equal((0..3).intersperse(8), vec![0, 8, 1, 8, 2]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>intersperse(<span class="self">self</span>, element: <span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> Intersperse<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Clone |
| { |
| intersperse::intersperse(<span class="self">self</span>, element) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Create an iterator which iterates over both this and the specified |
| /// iterator simultaneously, yielding pairs of two optional elements. |
| /// |
| /// This iterator is *fused*. |
| /// |
| /// As long as neither input iterator is exhausted yet, it yields two values |
| /// via `EitherOrBoth::Both`. |
| /// |
| /// When the parameter iterator is exhausted, it only yields a value from the |
| /// `self` iterator via `EitherOrBoth::Left`. |
| /// |
| /// When the `self` iterator is exhausted, it only yields a value from the |
| /// parameter iterator via `EitherOrBoth::Right`. |
| /// |
| /// When both iterators return `None`, all further invocations of `.next()` |
| /// will return `None`. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is |
| /// [`EitherOrBoth<Self::Item, J::Item>`](enum.EitherOrBoth.html). |
| /// |
| /// ```rust |
| /// use itertools::EitherOrBoth::{Both, Right}; |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// let it = (0..1).zip_longest(1..3); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![Both(0, 1), Right(2)]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[inline] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>zip_longest<J>(<span class="self">self</span>, other: J) -> ZipLongest<<span class="self">Self</span>, J::IntoIter> |
| <span class="kw">where </span>J: IntoIterator, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized |
| { |
| zip_longest::zip_longest(<span class="self">self</span>, other.into_iter()) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Create an iterator which iterates over both this and the specified |
| /// iterator simultaneously, yielding pairs of elements. |
| /// |
| /// **Panics** if the iterators reach an end and they are not of equal |
| /// lengths. |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[inline] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>zip_eq<J>(<span class="self">self</span>, other: J) -> ZipEq<<span class="self">Self</span>, J::IntoIter> |
| <span class="kw">where </span>J: IntoIterator, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized |
| { |
| zip_eq(<span class="self">self</span>, other) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// A “meta iterator adaptor”. Its closure receives a reference to the |
| /// iterator and may pick off as many elements as it likes, to produce the |
| /// next iterator element. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `B`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// // An adaptor that gathers elements in pairs |
| /// let pit = (0..4).batching(|it| { |
| /// match it.next() { |
| /// None => None, |
| /// Some(x) => match it.next() { |
| /// None => None, |
| /// Some(y) => Some((x, y)), |
| /// } |
| /// } |
| /// }); |
| /// |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(pit, vec![(0, 1), (2, 3)]); |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>batching<B, F>(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -> Batching<<span class="self">Self</span>, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span>F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><B>, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized |
| { |
| adaptors::batching(<span class="self">self</span>, f) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an *iterable* that can group iterator elements. |
| /// Consecutive elements that map to the same key (“runs”), are assigned |
| /// to the same group. |
| /// |
| /// `GroupBy` is the storage for the lazy grouping operation. |
| /// |
| /// If the groups are consumed in order, or if each group's iterator is |
| /// dropped without keeping it around, then `GroupBy` uses no |
| /// allocations. It needs allocations only if several group iterators |
| /// are alive at the same time. |
| /// |
| /// This type implements `IntoIterator` (it is **not** an iterator |
| /// itself), because the group iterators need to borrow from this |
| /// value. It should be stored in a local variable or temporary and |
| /// iterated. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `(K, Group)`: the group's key and the |
| /// group iterator. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// // group data into runs of larger than zero or not. |
| /// let data = vec![1, 3, -2, -2, 1, 0, 1, 2]; |
| /// // groups: |---->|------>|--------->| |
| /// |
| /// // Note: The `&` is significant here, `GroupBy` is iterable |
| /// // only by reference. You can also call `.into_iter()` explicitly. |
| /// for (key, group) in &data.into_iter().group_by(|elt| *elt >= 0) { |
| /// // Check that the sum of each group is +/- 4. |
| /// assert_eq!(4, group.sum::<i32>().abs()); |
| /// } |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>group_by<K, F>(<span class="self">self</span>, key: F) -> GroupBy<K, <span class="self">Self</span>, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> K, |
| K: PartialEq, |
| { |
| groupbylazy::new(<span class="self">self</span>, key) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an *iterable* that can chunk the iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Yield subiterators (chunks) that each yield a fixed number elements, |
| /// determined by `size`. The last chunk will be shorter if there aren't |
| /// enough elements. |
| /// |
| /// `IntoChunks` is based on `GroupBy`: it is iterable (implements |
| /// `IntoIterator`, **not** `Iterator`), and it only buffers if several |
| /// chunk iterators are alive at the same time. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Chunk`, each chunk's iterator. |
| /// |
| /// **Panics** if `size` is 0. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = vec![1, 1, 2, -2, 6, 0, 3, 1]; |
| /// //chunk size=3 |------->|-------->|--->| |
| /// |
| /// // Note: The `&` is significant here, `IntoChunks` is iterable |
| /// // only by reference. You can also call `.into_iter()` explicitly. |
| /// for chunk in &data.into_iter().chunks(3) { |
| /// // Check that the sum of each chunk is 4. |
| /// assert_eq!(4, chunk.sum()); |
| /// } |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>chunks(<span class="self">self</span>, size: usize) -> IntoChunks<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| { |
| <span class="macro">assert!</span>(size != <span class="number">0</span>); |
| groupbylazy::new_chunks(<span class="self">self</span>, size) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator over all contiguous windows producing tuples of |
| /// a specific size (up to 4). |
| /// |
| /// `tuple_windows` clones the iterator elements so that they can be |
| /// part of successive windows, this makes it most suited for iterators |
| /// of references and other values that are cheap to copy. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// let mut v = Vec::new(); |
| /// for (a, b) in (1..5).tuple_windows() { |
| /// v.push((a, b)); |
| /// } |
| /// assert_eq!(v, vec![(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)]); |
| /// |
| /// let mut it = (1..5).tuple_windows(); |
| /// assert_eq!(Some((1, 2, 3)), it.next()); |
| /// assert_eq!(Some((2, 3, 4)), it.next()); |
| /// assert_eq!(None, it.next()); |
| /// |
| /// // this requires a type hint |
| /// let it = (1..5).tuple_windows::<(_, _, _)>(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![(1, 2, 3), (2, 3, 4)]); |
| /// |
| /// // you can also specify the complete type |
| /// use itertools::TupleWindows; |
| /// use std::ops::Range; |
| /// |
| /// let it: TupleWindows<Range<u32>, (u32, u32, u32)> = (1..5).tuple_windows(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![(1, 2, 3), (2, 3, 4)]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>tuple_windows<T>(<span class="self">self</span>) -> TupleWindows<<span class="self">Self</span>, T> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized + Iterator<Item = T::Item>, |
| T: tuple_impl::TupleCollect, |
| T::Item: Clone |
| { |
| tuple_impl::tuple_windows(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator that groups the items in tuples of a specific size |
| /// (up to 4). |
| /// |
| /// See also the method [`.next_tuple()`](#method.next_tuple). |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// let mut v = Vec::new(); |
| /// for (a, b) in (1..5).tuples() { |
| /// v.push((a, b)); |
| /// } |
| /// assert_eq!(v, vec![(1, 2), (3, 4)]); |
| /// |
| /// let mut it = (1..7).tuples(); |
| /// assert_eq!(Some((1, 2, 3)), it.next()); |
| /// assert_eq!(Some((4, 5, 6)), it.next()); |
| /// assert_eq!(None, it.next()); |
| /// |
| /// // this requires a type hint |
| /// let it = (1..7).tuples::<(_, _, _)>(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![(1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6)]); |
| /// |
| /// // you can also specify the complete type |
| /// use itertools::Tuples; |
| /// use std::ops::Range; |
| /// |
| /// let it: Tuples<Range<u32>, (u32, u32, u32)> = (1..7).tuples(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![(1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6)]); |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// See also [`Tuples::into_buffer`](structs/struct.Tuples.html#method.into_buffer). |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>tuples<T>(<span class="self">self</span>) -> Tuples<<span class="self">Self</span>, T> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized + Iterator<Item = T::Item>, |
| T: tuple_impl::TupleCollect |
| { |
| tuple_impl::tuples(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Split into an iterator pair that both yield all elements from |
| /// the original iterator. |
| /// |
| /// **Note:** If the iterator is clonable, prefer using that instead |
| /// of using this method. It is likely to be more efficient. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// let xs = vec![0, 1, 2, 3]; |
| /// |
| /// let (mut t1, t2) = xs.into_iter().tee(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(t1.next(), Some(0)); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(t2, 0..4); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(t1, 1..4); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>tee(<span class="self">self</span>) -> (Tee<<span class="self">Self</span>>, Tee<<span class="self">Self</span>>) |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Clone |
| { |
| tee::new(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that steps `n` elements in the base iterator |
| /// for each iteration. |
| /// |
| /// The iterator steps by yielding the next element from the base iterator, |
| /// then skipping forward `n - 1` elements. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// **Panics** if the step is 0. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let it = (0..8).step(3); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![0, 3, 6]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[deprecated(note=<span class="string">"Use std .step_by() instead"</span>, since=<span class="string">"0.8"</span>)] |
| #[allow(deprecated)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>step(<span class="self">self</span>, n: usize) -> Step<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized |
| { |
| adaptors::step(<span class="self">self</span>, n) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Convert each item of the iterator using the `Into` trait. |
| /// |
| /// ```rust |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// (1i32..42i32).map_into::<f64>().collect_vec(); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>map_into<R>(<span class="self">self</span>) -> MapInto<<span class="self">Self</span>, R> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Into<R>, |
| { |
| adaptors::map_into(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that applies the provided closure |
| /// to every `Result::Ok` value. `Result::Err` values are |
| /// unchanged. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let input = vec![Ok(41), Err(false), Ok(11)]; |
| /// let it = input.into_iter().map_results(|i| i + 1); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![Ok(42), Err(false), Ok(12)]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>map_results<F, T, U, E>(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -> MapResults<<span class="self">Self</span>, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Iterator<Item = <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><T, E>> + Sized, |
| F: FnMut(T) -> U, |
| { |
| adaptors::map_results(<span class="self">self</span>, f) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that merges the two base iterators in |
| /// ascending order. If both base iterators are sorted (ascending), the |
| /// result is sorted. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let a = (0..11).step(3); |
| /// let b = (0..11).step(5); |
| /// let it = a.merge(b); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![0, 0, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>merge<J>(<span class="self">self</span>, other: J) -> Merge<<span class="self">Self</span>, J::IntoIter> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: PartialOrd, |
| J: IntoIterator<Item = <span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| { |
| merge(<span class="self">self</span>, other) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that merges the two base iterators in order. |
| /// This is much like `.merge()` but allows for a custom ordering. |
| /// |
| /// This can be especially useful for sequences of tuples. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let a = (0..).zip("bc".chars()); |
| /// let b = (0..).zip("ad".chars()); |
| /// let it = a.merge_by(b, |x, y| x.1 <= y.1); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![(0, 'a'), (0, 'b'), (1, 'c'), (1, 'd')]); |
| /// ``` |
| |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>merge_by<J, F>(<span class="self">self</span>, other: J, is_first: F) -> MergeBy<<span class="self">Self</span>, J::IntoIter, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| J: IntoIterator<Item = <span class="self">Self</span>::Item>, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> bool |
| { |
| adaptors::merge_by_new(<span class="self">self</span>, other.into_iter(), is_first) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Create an iterator that merges items from both this and the specified |
| /// iterator in ascending order. |
| /// |
| /// It chooses whether to pair elements based on the `Ordering` returned by the |
| /// specified compare function. At any point, inspecting the tip of the |
| /// iterators `I` and `J` as items `i` of type `I::Item` and `j` of type |
| /// `J::Item` respectively, the resulting iterator will: |
| /// |
| /// - Emit `EitherOrBoth::Left(i)` when `i < j`, |
| /// and remove `i` from its source iterator |
| /// - Emit `EitherOrBoth::Right(j)` when `i > j`, |
| /// and remove `j` from its source iterator |
| /// - Emit `EitherOrBoth::Both(i, j)` when `i == j`, |
| /// and remove both `i` and `j` from their respective source iterators |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// use itertools::EitherOrBoth::{Left, Right, Both}; |
| /// |
| /// let ki = (0..10).step(3); |
| /// let ku = (0..10).step(5); |
| /// let ki_ku = ki.merge_join_by(ku, |i, j| i.cmp(j)).map(|either| { |
| /// match either { |
| /// Left(_) => "Ki", |
| /// Right(_) => "Ku", |
| /// Both(_, _) => "KiKu" |
| /// } |
| /// }); |
| /// |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(ki_ku, vec!["KiKu", "Ki", "Ku", "Ki", "Ki"]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[inline] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>merge_join_by<J, F>(<span class="self">self</span>, other: J, cmp_fn: F) -> MergeJoinBy<<span class="self">Self</span>, J::IntoIter, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span>J: IntoIterator, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="kw-2">&</span>J::Item) -> std::cmp::Ordering, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized |
| { |
| merge_join_by(<span class="self">self</span>, other, cmp_fn) |
| } |
| |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that flattens an iterator of iterators by |
| /// merging them in ascending order. |
| /// |
| /// If all base iterators are sorted (ascending), the result is sorted. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let a = (0..6).step(3); |
| /// let b = (1..6).step(3); |
| /// let c = (2..6).step(3); |
| /// let it = vec![a, b, c].into_iter().kmerge(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>kmerge(<span class="self">self</span>) -> KMerge<<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item <span class="kw">as </span>IntoIterator>::IntoIter> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: IntoIterator, |
| <<span class="self">Self</span>::Item <span class="kw">as </span>IntoIterator>::Item: PartialOrd, |
| { |
| kmerge(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that flattens an iterator of iterators by |
| /// merging them according to the given closure. |
| /// |
| /// The closure `first` is called with two elements *a*, *b* and should |
| /// return `true` if *a* is ordered before *b*. |
| /// |
| /// If all base iterators are sorted according to `first`, the result is |
| /// sorted. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let a = vec![-1f64, 2., 3., -5., 6., -7.]; |
| /// let b = vec![0., 2., -4.]; |
| /// let mut it = vec![a, b].into_iter().kmerge_by(|a, b| a.abs() < b.abs()); |
| /// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(0.)); |
| /// assert_eq!(it.last(), Some(-7.)); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>kmerge_by<F>(<span class="self">self</span>, first: F) |
| -> KMergeBy<<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item <span class="kw">as </span>IntoIterator>::IntoIter, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: IntoIterator, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><<span class="self">Self</span>::Item <span class="kw">as </span>IntoIterator>::Item, |
| <span class="kw-2">&</span><<span class="self">Self</span>::Item <span class="kw">as </span>IntoIterator>::Item) -> bool |
| { |
| kmerge_by(<span class="self">self</span>, first) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that iterates over the cartesian product of |
| /// the element sets of two iterators `self` and `J`. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `(Self::Item, J::Item)`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let it = (0..2).cartesian_product("αβ".chars()); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![(0, 'α'), (0, 'β'), (1, 'α'), (1, 'β')]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>cartesian_product<J>(<span class="self">self</span>, other: J) -> Product<<span class="self">Self</span>, J::IntoIter> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Clone, |
| J: IntoIterator, |
| J::IntoIter: Clone |
| { |
| adaptors::cartesian_product(<span class="self">self</span>, other.into_iter()) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that iterates over the cartesian product of |
| /// all subiterators returned by meta-iterator `self`. |
| /// |
| /// All provided iterators must yield the same `Item` type. To generate |
| /// the product of iterators yielding multiple types, use the |
| /// [`iproduct`](macro.iproduct.html) macro instead. |
| /// |
| /// |
| /// The iterator element type is `Vec<T>`, where `T` is the iterator element |
| /// of the subiterators. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// let mut multi_prod = (0..3).map(|i| (i * 2)..(i * 2 + 2)) |
| /// .multi_cartesian_product(); |
| /// assert_eq!(multi_prod.next(), Some(vec![0, 2, 4])); |
| /// assert_eq!(multi_prod.next(), Some(vec![0, 2, 5])); |
| /// assert_eq!(multi_prod.next(), Some(vec![0, 3, 4])); |
| /// assert_eq!(multi_prod.next(), Some(vec![0, 3, 5])); |
| /// assert_eq!(multi_prod.next(), Some(vec![1, 2, 4])); |
| /// assert_eq!(multi_prod.next(), Some(vec![1, 2, 5])); |
| /// assert_eq!(multi_prod.next(), Some(vec![1, 3, 4])); |
| /// assert_eq!(multi_prod.next(), Some(vec![1, 3, 5])); |
| /// assert_eq!(multi_prod.next(), None); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>multi_cartesian_product(<span class="self">self</span>) -> MultiProduct<<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item <span class="kw">as </span>IntoIterator>::IntoIter> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Iterator + Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: IntoIterator, |
| <<span class="self">Self</span>::Item <span class="kw">as </span>IntoIterator>::IntoIter: Clone, |
| <<span class="self">Self</span>::Item <span class="kw">as </span>IntoIterator>::Item: Clone |
| { |
| adaptors::multi_cartesian_product(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that uses the passed-in closure to |
| /// optionally merge together consecutive elements. |
| /// |
| /// The closure `f` is passed two elements, `previous` and `current` and may |
| /// return either (1) `Ok(combined)` to merge the two values or |
| /// (2) `Err((previous', current'))` to indicate they can't be merged. |
| /// In (2), the value `previous'` is emitted by the iterator. |
| /// Either (1) `combined` or (2) `current'` becomes the previous value |
| /// when coalesce continues with the next pair of elements to merge. The |
| /// value that remains at the end is also emitted by the iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// This iterator is *fused*. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// // sum same-sign runs together |
| /// let data = vec![-1., -2., -3., 3., 1., 0., -1.]; |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(data.into_iter().coalesce(|x, y| |
| /// if (x >= 0.) == (y >= 0.) { |
| /// Ok(x + y) |
| /// } else { |
| /// Err((x, y)) |
| /// }), |
| /// vec![-6., 4., -1.]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>coalesce<F>(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -> Coalesce<<span class="self">Self</span>, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="self">Self</span>::Item) |
| -> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><<span class="self">Self</span>::Item, (<span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="self">Self</span>::Item)> |
| { |
| adaptors::coalesce(<span class="self">self</span>, f) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Remove duplicates from sections of consecutive identical elements. |
| /// If the iterator is sorted, all elements will be unique. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// This iterator is *fused*. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = vec![1., 1., 2., 3., 3., 2., 2.]; |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(data.into_iter().dedup(), |
| /// vec![1., 2., 3., 2.]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>dedup(<span class="self">self</span>) -> Dedup<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: PartialEq, |
| { |
| adaptors::dedup(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Remove duplicates from sections of consecutive identical elements, |
| /// determining equality using a comparison function. |
| /// If the iterator is sorted, all elements will be unique. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// This iterator is *fused*. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = vec![(0, 1.), (1, 1.), (0, 2.), (0, 3.), (1, 3.), (1, 2.), (2, 2.)]; |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(data.into_iter().dedup_by(|x, y| x.1==y.1), |
| /// vec![(0, 1.), (0, 2.), (0, 3.), (1, 2.)]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>dedup_by<Cmp>(<span class="self">self</span>, cmp: Cmp) -> DedupBy<<span class="self">Self</span>, Cmp> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| Cmp: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item)->bool, |
| { |
| adaptors::dedup_by(<span class="self">self</span>, cmp) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that filters out elements that have |
| /// already been produced once during the iteration. Duplicates |
| /// are detected using hash and equality. |
| /// |
| /// Clones of visited elements are stored in a hash set in the |
| /// iterator. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = vec![10, 20, 30, 20, 40, 10, 50]; |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(data.into_iter().unique(), |
| /// vec![10, 20, 30, 40, 50]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>unique(<span class="self">self</span>) -> Unique<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Clone + Eq + Hash |
| { |
| unique_impl::unique(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that filters out elements that have |
| /// already been produced once during the iteration. |
| /// |
| /// Duplicates are detected by comparing the key they map to |
| /// with the keying function `f` by hash and equality. |
| /// The keys are stored in a hash set in the iterator. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = vec!["a", "bb", "aa", "c", "ccc"]; |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(data.into_iter().unique_by(|s| s.len()), |
| /// vec!["a", "bb", "ccc"]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>unique_by<V, F>(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -> UniqueBy<<span class="self">Self</span>, V, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| V: Eq + Hash, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> V |
| { |
| unique_impl::unique_by(<span class="self">self</span>, f) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that borrows from this iterator and |
| /// takes items while the closure `accept` returns `true`. |
| /// |
| /// This adaptor can only be used on iterators that implement `PeekingNext` |
| /// like `.peekable()`, `put_back` and a few other collection iterators. |
| /// |
| /// The last and rejected element (first `false`) is still available when |
| /// `peeking_take_while` is done. |
| /// |
| /// |
| /// See also [`.take_while_ref()`](#method.take_while_ref) |
| /// which is a similar adaptor. |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>peeking_take_while<F>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, accept: F) -> PeekingTakeWhile<<span class="self">Self</span>, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized + PeekingNext, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> bool, |
| { |
| peeking_take_while::peeking_take_while(<span class="self">self</span>, accept) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that borrows from a `Clone`-able iterator |
| /// to only pick off elements while the predicate `accept` returns `true`. |
| /// |
| /// It uses the `Clone` trait to restore the original iterator so that the |
| /// last and rejected element (first `false`) is still available when |
| /// `take_while_ref` is done. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let mut hexadecimals = "0123456789abcdef".chars(); |
| /// |
| /// let decimals = hexadecimals.take_while_ref(|c| c.is_numeric()) |
| /// .collect::<String>(); |
| /// assert_eq!(decimals, "0123456789"); |
| /// assert_eq!(hexadecimals.next(), Some('a')); |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>take_while_ref<F>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, accept: F) -> TakeWhileRef<<span class="self">Self</span>, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Clone, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> bool |
| { |
| adaptors::take_while_ref(<span class="self">self</span>, accept) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that filters `Option<A>` iterator elements |
| /// and produces `A`. Stops on the first `None` encountered. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `A`, the unwrapped element. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// // List all hexadecimal digits |
| /// itertools::assert_equal( |
| /// (0..).map(|i| std::char::from_digit(i, 16)).while_some(), |
| /// "0123456789abcdef".chars()); |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>while_some<A>(<span class="self">self</span>) -> WhileSome<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized + Iterator<Item = <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><A>> |
| { |
| adaptors::while_some(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that iterates over the combinations of the |
| /// elements from an iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element can be any homogeneous tuple of type `Self::Item` with |
| /// size up to 4. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let mut v = Vec::new(); |
| /// for (a, b) in (1..5).tuple_combinations() { |
| /// v.push((a, b)); |
| /// } |
| /// assert_eq!(v, vec![(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 4)]); |
| /// |
| /// let mut it = (1..5).tuple_combinations(); |
| /// assert_eq!(Some((1, 2, 3)), it.next()); |
| /// assert_eq!(Some((1, 2, 4)), it.next()); |
| /// assert_eq!(Some((1, 3, 4)), it.next()); |
| /// assert_eq!(Some((2, 3, 4)), it.next()); |
| /// assert_eq!(None, it.next()); |
| /// |
| /// // this requires a type hint |
| /// let it = (1..5).tuple_combinations::<(_, _, _)>(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![(1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 4), (1, 3, 4), (2, 3, 4)]); |
| /// |
| /// // you can also specify the complete type |
| /// use itertools::TupleCombinations; |
| /// use std::ops::Range; |
| /// |
| /// let it: TupleCombinations<Range<u32>, (u32, u32, u32)> = (1..5).tuple_combinations(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![(1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 4), (1, 3, 4), (2, 3, 4)]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>tuple_combinations<T>(<span class="self">self</span>) -> TupleCombinations<<span class="self">Self</span>, T> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized + Clone, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Clone, |
| T: adaptors::HasCombination<<span class="self">Self</span>>, |
| { |
| adaptors::tuple_combinations(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that iterates over the `k`-length combinations of |
| /// the elements from an iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Vec<Self::Item>`. The iterator produces a new Vec per iteration, |
| /// and clones the iterator elements. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let it = (1..5).combinations(3); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![ |
| /// vec![1, 2, 3], |
| /// vec![1, 2, 4], |
| /// vec![1, 3, 4], |
| /// vec![2, 3, 4], |
| /// ]); |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// Note: Combinations does not take into account the equality of the iterated values. |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let it = vec![1, 2, 2].into_iter().combinations(2); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![ |
| /// vec![1, 2], // Note: these are the same |
| /// vec![1, 2], // Note: these are the same |
| /// vec![2, 2], |
| /// ]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>combinations(<span class="self">self</span>, k: usize) -> Combinations<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Clone |
| { |
| combinations::combinations(<span class="self">self</span>, k) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator that iterates over the `k`-length combinations of |
| /// the elements from an iterator, with replacement. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Vec<Self::Item>`. The iterator produces a new Vec per iteration, |
| /// and clones the iterator elements. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let it = (1..4).combinations_with_replacement(2); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![ |
| /// vec![1, 1], |
| /// vec![1, 2], |
| /// vec![1, 3], |
| /// vec![2, 2], |
| /// vec![2, 3], |
| /// vec![3, 3], |
| /// ]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>combinations_with_replacement(<span class="self">self</span>, k: usize) -> CombinationsWithReplacement<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Clone, |
| { |
| combinations_with_replacement::combinations_with_replacement(<span class="self">self</span>, k) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that iterates over all k-permutations of the |
| /// elements from an iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Vec<Self::Item>` with length `k`. The iterator |
| /// produces a new Vec per iteration, and clones the iterator elements. |
| /// |
| /// If `k` is greater than the length of the input iterator, the resultant |
| /// iterator adaptor will be empty. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let perms = (5..8).permutations(2); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(perms, vec![ |
| /// vec![5, 6], |
| /// vec![5, 7], |
| /// vec![6, 5], |
| /// vec![6, 7], |
| /// vec![7, 5], |
| /// vec![7, 6], |
| /// ]); |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// Note: Permutations does not take into account the equality of the iterated values. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let it = vec![2, 2].into_iter().permutations(2); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![ |
| /// vec![2, 2], // Note: these are the same |
| /// vec![2, 2], // Note: these are the same |
| /// ]); |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// Note: The source iterator is collected lazily, and will not be |
| /// re-iterated if the permutations adaptor is completed and re-iterated. |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>permutations(<span class="self">self</span>, k: usize) -> Permutations<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Clone |
| { |
| permutations::permutations(<span class="self">self</span>, k) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that pads the sequence to a minimum length of |
| /// `min` by filling missing elements using a closure `f`. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is `Self::Item`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let it = (0..5).pad_using(10, |i| 2*i); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18]); |
| /// |
| /// let it = (0..10).pad_using(5, |i| 2*i); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]); |
| /// |
| /// let it = (0..5).pad_using(10, |i| 2*i).rev(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>pad_using<F>(<span class="self">self</span>, min: usize, f: F) -> PadUsing<<span class="self">Self</span>, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| F: FnMut(usize) -> <span class="self">Self</span>::Item |
| { |
| pad_tail::pad_using(<span class="self">self</span>, min, f) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that wraps each element in a `Position` to |
| /// ease special-case handling of the first or last elements. |
| /// |
| /// Iterator element type is |
| /// [`Position<Self::Item>`](enum.Position.html) |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::{Itertools, Position}; |
| /// |
| /// let it = (0..4).with_position(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, |
| /// vec![Position::First(0), |
| /// Position::Middle(1), |
| /// Position::Middle(2), |
| /// Position::Last(3)]); |
| /// |
| /// let it = (0..1).with_position(); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![Position::Only(0)]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>with_position(<span class="self">self</span>) -> WithPosition<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| { |
| with_position::with_position(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that yields the indices of all elements |
| /// satisfying a predicate, counted from the start of the iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Equivalent to `iter.enumerate().filter(|(_, v)| predicate(v)).map(|(i, _)| i)`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = vec![1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9]; |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(data.iter().positions(|v| v % 2 == 0), vec![1, 4, 5]); |
| /// |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(data.iter().positions(|v| v % 2 == 1).rev(), vec![7, 6, 3, 2, 0]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>positions<P>(<span class="self">self</span>, predicate: P) -> Positions<<span class="self">Self</span>, P> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| P: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> bool, |
| { |
| adaptors::positions(<span class="self">self</span>, predicate) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return an iterator adaptor that applies a mutating function |
| /// to each element before yielding it. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let input = vec![vec![1], vec![3, 2, 1]]; |
| /// let it = input.into_iter().update(|mut v| v.push(0)); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(it, vec![vec![1, 0], vec![3, 2, 1, 0]]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>update<F>(<span class="self">self</span>, updater: F) -> Update<<span class="self">Self</span>, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item), |
| { |
| adaptors::update(<span class="self">self</span>, updater) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="comment">// non-adaptor methods |
| </span><span class="doccomment">/// Advances the iterator and returns the next items grouped in a tuple of |
| /// a specific size (up to 4). |
| /// |
| /// If there are enough elements to be grouped in a tuple, then the tuple is |
| /// returned inside `Some`, otherwise `None` is returned. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let mut iter = 1..5; |
| /// |
| /// assert_eq!(Some((1, 2)), iter.next_tuple()); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>next_tuple<T>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><T> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized + Iterator<Item = T::Item>, |
| T: tuple_impl::TupleCollect |
| { |
| T::collect_from_iter_no_buf(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Collects all items from the iterator into a tuple of a specific size |
| /// (up to 4). |
| /// |
| /// If the number of elements inside the iterator is **exactly** equal to |
| /// the tuple size, then the tuple is returned inside `Some`, otherwise |
| /// `None` is returned. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let iter = 1..3; |
| /// |
| /// if let Some((x, y)) = iter.collect_tuple() { |
| /// assert_eq!((x, y), (1, 2)) |
| /// } else { |
| /// panic!("Expected two elements") |
| /// } |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>collect_tuple<T>(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><T> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized + Iterator<Item = T::Item>, |
| T: tuple_impl::TupleCollect |
| { |
| <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.next_tuple() { |
| elt @ <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) => <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.next() { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw">_</span>) => <span class="prelude-val">None</span>, |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> elt, |
| }, |
| <span class="kw">_ </span>=> <span class="prelude-val">None |
| </span>} |
| } |
| |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Find the position and value of the first element satisfying a predicate. |
| /// |
| /// The iterator is not advanced past the first element found. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let text = "Hα"; |
| /// assert_eq!(text.chars().find_position(|ch| ch.is_lowercase()), Some((1, 'α'))); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>find_position<P>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>pred: P) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><(usize, <span class="self">Self</span>::Item)> |
| <span class="kw">where </span>P: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> bool |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>index = <span class="number">0usize</span>; |
| <span class="kw">for </span>elt <span class="kw">in </span><span class="self">self </span>{ |
| <span class="kw">if </span>pred(<span class="kw-2">&</span>elt) { |
| <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>((index, elt)); |
| } |
| index += <span class="number">1</span>; |
| } |
| <span class="prelude-val">None |
| </span>} |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Check whether all elements compare equal. |
| /// |
| /// Empty iterators are considered to have equal elements: |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = vec![1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5]; |
| /// assert!(!data.iter().all_equal()); |
| /// assert!(data[0..3].iter().all_equal()); |
| /// assert!(data[3..5].iter().all_equal()); |
| /// assert!(data[5..8].iter().all_equal()); |
| /// |
| /// let data : Option<usize> = None; |
| /// assert!(data.into_iter().all_equal()); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>all_equal(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -> bool |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: PartialEq, |
| { |
| <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.next() { |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> <span class="bool-val">true</span>, |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(a) => <span class="self">self</span>.all(|x| a == x), |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Consume the first `n` elements from the iterator eagerly, |
| /// and return the same iterator again. |
| /// |
| /// It works similarly to *.skip(* `n` *)* except it is eager and |
| /// preserves the iterator type. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let mut iter = "αβγ".chars().dropping(2); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(iter, "γ".chars()); |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// *Fusing notes: if the iterator is exhausted by dropping, |
| /// the result of calling `.next()` again depends on the iterator implementation.* |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>dropping(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, n: usize) -> <span class="self">Self |
| </span><span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized |
| { |
| <span class="kw">if </span>n > <span class="number">0 </span>{ |
| <span class="self">self</span>.nth(n - <span class="number">1</span>); |
| } |
| <span class="self">self |
| </span>} |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Consume the last `n` elements from the iterator eagerly, |
| /// and return the same iterator again. |
| /// |
| /// This is only possible on double ended iterators. `n` may be |
| /// larger than the number of elements. |
| /// |
| /// Note: This method is eager, dropping the back elements immediately and |
| /// preserves the iterator type. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let init = vec![0, 3, 6, 9].into_iter().dropping_back(1); |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(init, vec![0, 3, 6]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>dropping_back(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, n: usize) -> <span class="self">Self |
| </span><span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: DoubleEndedIterator |
| { |
| <span class="kw">if </span>n > <span class="number">0 </span>{ |
| (<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>).rev().nth(n - <span class="number">1</span>); |
| } |
| <span class="self">self |
| </span>} |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Run the closure `f` eagerly on each element of the iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Consumes the iterator until its end. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use std::sync::mpsc::channel; |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let (tx, rx) = channel(); |
| /// |
| /// // use .foreach() to apply a function to each value -- sending it |
| /// (0..5).map(|x| x * 2 + 1).foreach(|x| { tx.send(x).unwrap(); } ); |
| /// |
| /// drop(tx); |
| /// |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(rx.iter(), vec![1, 3, 5, 7, 9]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[deprecated(note=<span class="string">"Use .for_each() instead"</span>, since=<span class="string">"0.8"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>foreach<F>(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) |
| <span class="kw">where </span>F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item), |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| { |
| <span class="self">self</span>.for_each(f) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Combine all an iterator's elements into one element by using `Extend`. |
| /// |
| /// This combinator will extend the first item with each of the rest of the |
| /// items of the iterator. If the iterator is empty, the default value of |
| /// `I::Item` is returned. |
| /// |
| /// ```rust |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let input = vec![vec![1], vec![2, 3], vec![4, 5, 6]]; |
| /// assert_eq!(input.into_iter().concat(), |
| /// vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>concat(<span class="self">self</span>) -> <span class="self">Self</span>::Item |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Extend<<<<span class="self">Self </span><span class="kw">as </span>Iterator>::Item <span class="kw">as </span>IntoIterator>::Item> + IntoIterator + Default |
| { |
| concat(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// `.collect_vec()` is simply a type specialization of `.collect()`, |
| /// for convenience. |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>collect_vec(<span class="self">self</span>) -> Vec<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized |
| { |
| <span class="self">self</span>.collect() |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Assign to each reference in `self` from the `from` iterator, |
| /// stopping at the shortest of the two iterators. |
| /// |
| /// The `from` iterator is queried for its next element before the `self` |
| /// iterator, and if either is exhausted the method is done. |
| /// |
| /// Return the number of elements written. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let mut xs = [0; 4]; |
| /// xs.iter_mut().set_from(1..); |
| /// assert_eq!(xs, [1, 2, 3, 4]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[inline] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>set_from<<span class="lifetime">'a</span>, A: <span class="lifetime">'a</span>, J>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, from: J) -> usize |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Iterator<Item = <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>A>, |
| J: IntoIterator<Item = A> |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>count = <span class="number">0</span>; |
| <span class="kw">for </span>elt <span class="kw">in </span>from { |
| <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.next() { |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> <span class="kw">break</span>, |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(ptr) => <span class="kw-2">*</span>ptr = elt, |
| } |
| count += <span class="number">1</span>; |
| } |
| count |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Combine all iterator elements into one String, separated by `sep`. |
| /// |
| /// Use the `Display` implementation of each element. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// assert_eq!(["a", "b", "c"].iter().join(", "), "a, b, c"); |
| /// assert_eq!([1, 2, 3].iter().join(", "), "1, 2, 3"); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>join(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, sep: <span class="kw-2">&</span>str) -> String |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item: std::fmt::Display |
| { |
| <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.next() { |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> String::new(), |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(first_elt) => { |
| <span class="comment">// estimate lower bound of capacity needed |
| </span><span class="kw">let </span>(lower, <span class="kw">_</span>) = <span class="self">self</span>.size_hint(); |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>result = String::with_capacity(sep.len() * lower); |
| <span class="macro">write!</span>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span>result, <span class="string">"{}"</span>, first_elt).unwrap(); |
| <span class="kw">for </span>elt <span class="kw">in </span><span class="self">self </span>{ |
| result.push_str(sep); |
| <span class="macro">write!</span>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span>result, <span class="string">"{}"</span>, elt).unwrap(); |
| } |
| result |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Format all iterator elements, separated by `sep`. |
| /// |
| /// All elements are formatted (any formatting trait) |
| /// with `sep` inserted between each element. |
| /// |
| /// **Panics** if the formatter helper is formatted more than once. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = [1.1, 2.71828, -3.]; |
| /// assert_eq!( |
| /// format!("{:.2}", data.iter().format(", ")), |
| /// "1.10, 2.72, -3.00"); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>format(<span class="self">self</span>, sep: <span class="kw-2">&</span>str) -> Format<<span class="self">Self</span>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| { |
| format::new_format_default(<span class="self">self</span>, sep) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Format all iterator elements, separated by `sep`. |
| /// |
| /// This is a customizable version of `.format()`. |
| /// |
| /// The supplied closure `format` is called once per iterator element, |
| /// with two arguments: the element and a callback that takes a |
| /// `&Display` value, i.e. any reference to type that implements `Display`. |
| /// |
| /// Using `&format_args!(...)` is the most versatile way to apply custom |
| /// element formatting. The callback can be called multiple times if needed. |
| /// |
| /// **Panics** if the formatter helper is formatted more than once. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = [1.1, 2.71828, -3.]; |
| /// let data_formatter = data.iter().format_with(", ", |elt, f| f(&format_args!("{:.2}", elt))); |
| /// assert_eq!(format!("{}", data_formatter), |
| /// "1.10, 2.72, -3.00"); |
| /// |
| /// // .format_with() is recursively composable |
| /// let matrix = [[1., 2., 3.], |
| /// [4., 5., 6.]]; |
| /// let matrix_formatter = matrix.iter().format_with("\n", |row, f| { |
| /// f(&row.iter().format_with(", ", |elt, g| g(&elt))) |
| /// }); |
| /// assert_eq!(format!("{}", matrix_formatter), |
| /// "1, 2, 3\n4, 5, 6"); |
| /// |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>format_with<F>(<span class="self">self</span>, sep: <span class="kw-2">&</span>str, format: F) -> FormatWith<<span class="self">Self</span>, F> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span>fmt::Display) -> fmt::Result) -> fmt::Result, |
| { |
| format::new_format(<span class="self">self</span>, sep, format) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Fold `Result` values from an iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Only `Ok` values are folded. If no error is encountered, the folded |
| /// value is returned inside `Ok`. Otherwise, the operation terminates |
| /// and returns the first `Err` value it encounters. No iterator elements are |
| /// consumed after the first error. |
| /// |
| /// The first accumulator value is the `start` parameter. |
| /// Each iteration passes the accumulator value and the next value inside `Ok` |
| /// to the fold function `f` and its return value becomes the new accumulator value. |
| /// |
| /// For example the sequence *Ok(1), Ok(2), Ok(3)* will result in a |
| /// computation like this: |
| /// |
| /// ```ignore |
| /// let mut accum = start; |
| /// accum = f(accum, 1); |
| /// accum = f(accum, 2); |
| /// accum = f(accum, 3); |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// With a `start` value of 0 and an addition as folding function, |
| /// this effectively results in *((0 + 1) + 2) + 3* |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use std::ops::Add; |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let values = [1, 2, -2, -1, 2, 1]; |
| /// assert_eq!( |
| /// values.iter() |
| /// .map(Ok::<_, ()>) |
| /// .fold_results(0, Add::add), |
| /// Ok(3) |
| /// ); |
| /// assert!( |
| /// values.iter() |
| /// .map(|&x| if x >= 0 { Ok(x) } else { Err("Negative number") }) |
| /// .fold_results(0, Add::add) |
| /// .is_err() |
| /// ); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>fold_results<A, E, B, F>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>start: B, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>f: F) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><B, E> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Iterator<Item = <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><A, E>>, |
| F: FnMut(B, A) -> B |
| { |
| <span class="kw">for </span>elt <span class="kw">in </span><span class="self">self </span>{ |
| <span class="kw">match </span>elt { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(v) => start = f(start, v), |
| <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(u) => <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(u), |
| } |
| } |
| <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(start) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Fold `Option` values from an iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Only `Some` values are folded. If no `None` is encountered, the folded |
| /// value is returned inside `Some`. Otherwise, the operation terminates |
| /// and returns `None`. No iterator elements are consumed after the `None`. |
| /// |
| /// This is the `Option` equivalent to `fold_results`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use std::ops::Add; |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let mut values = vec![Some(1), Some(2), Some(-2)].into_iter(); |
| /// assert_eq!(values.fold_options(5, Add::add), Some(5 + 1 + 2 - 2)); |
| /// |
| /// let mut more_values = vec![Some(2), None, Some(0)].into_iter(); |
| /// assert!(more_values.fold_options(0, Add::add).is_none()); |
| /// assert_eq!(more_values.next().unwrap(), Some(0)); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>fold_options<A, B, F>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>start: B, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>f: F) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><B> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Iterator<Item = <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><A>>, |
| F: FnMut(B, A) -> B |
| { |
| <span class="kw">for </span>elt <span class="kw">in </span><span class="self">self </span>{ |
| <span class="kw">match </span>elt { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(v) => start = f(start, v), |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">None</span>, |
| } |
| } |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(start) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Accumulator of the elements in the iterator. |
| /// |
| /// Like `.fold()`, without a base case. If the iterator is |
| /// empty, return `None`. With just one element, return it. |
| /// Otherwise elements are accumulated in sequence using the closure `f`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// assert_eq!((0..10).fold1(|x, y| x + y).unwrap_or(0), 45); |
| /// assert_eq!((0..0).fold1(|x, y| x * y), None); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>fold1<F>(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><<span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| <span class="kw">where </span>F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> <span class="self">Self</span>::Item, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| { |
| <span class="self">self</span>.next().map(<span class="kw">move </span>|x| <span class="self">self</span>.fold(x, f)) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Accumulate the elements in the iterator in a tree-like manner. |
| /// |
| /// You can think of it as, while there's more than one item, repeatedly |
| /// combining adjacent items. It does so in bottom-up-merge-sort order, |
| /// however, so that it needs only logarithmic stack space. |
| /// |
| /// This produces a call tree like the following (where the calls under |
| /// an item are done after reading that item): |
| /// |
| /// ```text |
| /// 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
| /// │ │ │ │ │ │ │ |
| /// └─f └─f └─f │ |
| /// │ │ │ │ |
| /// └───f └─f |
| /// │ │ |
| /// └─────f |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// Which, for non-associative functions, will typically produce a different |
| /// result than the linear call tree used by `fold1`: |
| /// |
| /// ```text |
| /// 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
| /// │ │ │ │ │ │ │ |
| /// └─f─f─f─f─f─f |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// If `f` is associative, prefer the normal `fold1` instead. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// // The same tree as above |
| /// let num_strings = (1..8).map(|x| x.to_string()); |
| /// assert_eq!(num_strings.tree_fold1(|x, y| format!("f({}, {})", x, y)), |
| /// Some(String::from("f(f(f(1, 2), f(3, 4)), f(f(5, 6), 7))"))); |
| /// |
| /// // Like fold1, an empty iterator produces None |
| /// assert_eq!((0..0).tree_fold1(|x, y| x * y), None); |
| /// |
| /// // tree_fold1 matches fold1 for associative operations... |
| /// assert_eq!((0..10).tree_fold1(|x, y| x + y), |
| /// (0..10).fold1(|x, y| x + y)); |
| /// // ...but not for non-associative ones |
| /// assert_ne!((0..10).tree_fold1(|x, y| x - y), |
| /// (0..10).fold1(|x, y| x - y)); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>tree_fold1<F>(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>f: F) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><<span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| <span class="kw">where </span>F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> <span class="self">Self</span>::Item, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| { |
| <span class="kw">type </span>State<T> = <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><T, <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><T>>; |
| |
| <span class="kw">fn </span>inner0<T, II, FF>(it: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>II, f: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>FF) -> State<T> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span>II: Iterator<Item = T>, |
| FF: FnMut(T, T) -> T |
| { |
| <span class="comment">// This function could be replaced with `it.next().ok_or(None)`, |
| // but half the useful tree_fold1 work is combining adjacent items, |
| // so put that in a form that LLVM is more likely to optimize well. |
| |
| </span><span class="kw">let </span>a = |
| <span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(v) = it.next() { v } |
| <span class="kw">else </span>{ <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>) }; |
| <span class="kw">let </span>b = |
| <span class="kw">if let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(v) = it.next() { v } |
| <span class="kw">else </span>{ <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(a)) }; |
| <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(f(a, b)) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">fn </span>inner<T, II, FF>(stop: usize, it: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>II, f: <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>FF) -> State<T> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span>II: Iterator<Item = T>, |
| FF: FnMut(T, T) -> T |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>x = <span class="macro">try!</span>(inner0(it, f)); |
| <span class="kw">for </span>height <span class="kw">in </span><span class="number">0</span>..stop { |
| <span class="comment">// Try to get another tree the same size with which to combine it, |
| // creating a new tree that's twice as big for next time around. |
| </span><span class="kw">let </span>next = |
| <span class="kw">if </span>height == <span class="number">0 </span>{ |
| inner0(it, f) |
| } <span class="kw">else </span>{ |
| inner(height, it, f) |
| }; |
| <span class="kw">match </span>next { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(y) => x = f(x, y), |
| |
| <span class="comment">// If we ran out of items, combine whatever we did manage |
| // to get. It's better combined with the current value |
| // than something in a parent frame, because the tree in |
| // the parent is always as least as big as this one. |
| </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="prelude-val">None</span>) => <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(x)), |
| <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(y)) => <span class="kw">return </span><span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(f(x, y))), |
| } |
| } |
| <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(x) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">match </span>inner(usize::max_value(), <span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">&mut </span>f) { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(x) => x, |
| <span class="kw">_ </span>=> <span class="macro">unreachable!</span>(), |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// An iterator method that applies a function, producing a single, final value. |
| /// |
| /// `fold_while()` is basically equivalent to `fold()` but with additional support for |
| /// early exit via short-circuiting. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// use itertools::FoldWhile::{Continue, Done}; |
| /// |
| /// let numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]; |
| /// |
| /// let mut result = 0; |
| /// |
| /// // for loop: |
| /// for i in &numbers { |
| /// if *i > 5 { |
| /// break; |
| /// } |
| /// result = result + i; |
| /// } |
| /// |
| /// // fold: |
| /// let result2 = numbers.iter().fold(0, |acc, x| { |
| /// if *x > 5 { acc } else { acc + x } |
| /// }); |
| /// |
| /// // fold_while: |
| /// let result3 = numbers.iter().fold_while(0, |acc, x| { |
| /// if *x > 5 { Done(acc) } else { Continue(acc + x) } |
| /// }).into_inner(); |
| /// |
| /// // they're the same |
| /// assert_eq!(result, result2); |
| /// assert_eq!(result2, result3); |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// The big difference between the computations of `result2` and `result3` is that while |
| /// `fold()` called the provided closure for every item of the callee iterator, |
| /// `fold_while()` actually stopped iterating as soon as it encountered `Fold::Done(_)`. |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[deprecated(note=<span class="string">"Use .try_fold() instead"</span>, since=<span class="string">"0.8"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>fold_while<B, F>(<span class="kw-2">&mut </span><span class="self">self</span>, init: B, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>f: F) -> FoldWhile<B> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| F: FnMut(B, <span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> FoldWhile<B> |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>acc = init; |
| <span class="kw">while let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(item) = <span class="self">self</span>.next() { |
| <span class="kw">match </span>f(acc, item) { |
| FoldWhile::Continue(res) => acc = res, |
| res @ FoldWhile::Done(<span class="kw">_</span>) => <span class="kw">return </span>res, |
| } |
| } |
| FoldWhile::Continue(acc) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Iterate over the entire iterator and add all the elements. |
| /// |
| /// An empty iterator returns `None`, otherwise `Some(sum)`. |
| /// |
| /// # Panics |
| /// |
| /// When calling `sum1()` and a primitive integer type is being returned, this |
| /// method will panic if the computation overflows and debug assertions are |
| /// enabled. |
| /// |
| /// # Examples |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let empty_sum = (1..1).sum1::<i32>(); |
| /// assert_eq!(empty_sum, None); |
| /// |
| /// let nonempty_sum = (1..11).sum1::<i32>(); |
| /// assert_eq!(nonempty_sum, Some(55)); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>sum1<S>(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><S> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| S: std::iter::Sum<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item>, |
| { |
| <span class="self">self</span>.next() |
| .map(|first| once(first).chain(<span class="self">self</span>).sum()) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Iterate over the entire iterator and multiply all the elements. |
| /// |
| /// An empty iterator returns `None`, otherwise `Some(product)`. |
| /// |
| /// # Panics |
| /// |
| /// When calling `product1()` and a primitive integer type is being returned, |
| /// method will panic if the computation overflows and debug assertions are |
| /// enabled. |
| /// |
| /// # Examples |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let empty_product = (1..1).product1::<i32>(); |
| /// assert_eq!(empty_product, None); |
| /// |
| /// let nonempty_product = (1..11).product1::<i32>(); |
| /// assert_eq!(nonempty_product, Some(3628800)); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>product1<P>(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Option</span><P> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| P: std::iter::Product<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item>, |
| { |
| <span class="self">self</span>.next() |
| .map(|first| once(first).chain(<span class="self">self</span>).product()) |
| } |
| |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Sort all iterator elements into a new iterator in ascending order. |
| /// |
| /// **Note:** This consumes the entire iterator, uses the |
| /// `slice::sort()` method and returns the result as a new |
| /// iterator that owns its elements. |
| /// |
| /// The sorted iterator, if directly collected to a `Vec`, is converted |
| /// without any extra copying or allocation cost. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// // sort the letters of the text in ascending order |
| /// let text = "bdacfe"; |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(text.chars().sorted(), |
| /// "abcdef".chars()); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>sorted(<span class="self">self</span>) -> VecIntoIter<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: Ord |
| { |
| <span class="comment">// Use .sort() directly since it is not quite identical with |
| // .sort_by(Ord::cmp) |
| </span><span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>v = Vec::from_iter(<span class="self">self</span>); |
| v.sort(); |
| v.into_iter() |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Sort all iterator elements into a new iterator in ascending order. |
| /// |
| /// **Note:** This consumes the entire iterator, uses the |
| /// `slice::sort_by()` method and returns the result as a new |
| /// iterator that owns its elements. |
| /// |
| /// The sorted iterator, if directly collected to a `Vec`, is converted |
| /// without any extra copying or allocation cost. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// // sort people in descending order by age |
| /// let people = vec![("Jane", 20), ("John", 18), ("Jill", 30), ("Jack", 27)]; |
| /// |
| /// let oldest_people_first = people |
| /// .into_iter() |
| /// .sorted_by(|a, b| Ord::cmp(&b.1, &a.1)) |
| /// .map(|(person, _age)| person); |
| /// |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(oldest_people_first, |
| /// vec!["Jill", "Jack", "Jane", "John"]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>sorted_by<F>(<span class="self">self</span>, cmp: F) -> VecIntoIter<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> Ordering, |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>v = Vec::from_iter(<span class="self">self</span>); |
| v.sort_by(cmp); |
| v.into_iter() |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Sort all iterator elements into a new iterator in ascending order. |
| /// |
| /// **Note:** This consumes the entire iterator, uses the |
| /// `slice::sort_by_key()` method and returns the result as a new |
| /// iterator that owns its elements. |
| /// |
| /// The sorted iterator, if directly collected to a `Vec`, is converted |
| /// without any extra copying or allocation cost. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// // sort people in descending order by age |
| /// let people = vec![("Jane", 20), ("John", 18), ("Jill", 30), ("Jack", 27)]; |
| /// |
| /// let oldest_people_first = people |
| /// .into_iter() |
| /// .sorted_by_key(|x| -x.1) |
| /// .map(|(person, _age)| person); |
| /// |
| /// itertools::assert_equal(oldest_people_first, |
| /// vec!["Jill", "Jack", "Jane", "John"]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>sorted_by_key<K, F>(<span class="self">self</span>, f: F) -> VecIntoIter<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| K: Ord, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> K, |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>v = Vec::from_iter(<span class="self">self</span>); |
| v.sort_by_key(f); |
| v.into_iter() |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Collect all iterator elements into one of two |
| /// partitions. Unlike `Iterator::partition`, each partition may |
| /// have a distinct type. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::{Itertools, Either}; |
| /// |
| /// let successes_and_failures = vec![Ok(1), Err(false), Err(true), Ok(2)]; |
| /// |
| /// let (successes, failures): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = successes_and_failures |
| /// .into_iter() |
| /// .partition_map(|r| { |
| /// match r { |
| /// Ok(v) => Either::Left(v), |
| /// Err(v) => Either::Right(v), |
| /// } |
| /// }); |
| /// |
| /// assert_eq!(successes, [1, 2]); |
| /// assert_eq!(failures, [false, true]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>partition_map<A, B, F, L, R>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>predicate: F) -> (A, B) |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> Either<L, R>, |
| A: Default + Extend<L>, |
| B: Default + Extend<R>, |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>left = A::default(); |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>right = B::default(); |
| |
| <span class="self">self</span>.for_each(|val| <span class="kw">match </span>predicate(val) { |
| Either::Left(v) => left.extend(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(v)), |
| Either::Right(v) => right.extend(<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(v)), |
| }); |
| |
| (left, right) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return a `HashMap` of keys mapped to `Vec`s of values. Keys and values |
| /// are taken from `(Key, Value)` tuple pairs yielded by the input iterator. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// let data = vec![(0, 10), (2, 12), (3, 13), (0, 20), (3, 33), (2, 42)]; |
| /// let lookup = data.into_iter().into_group_map(); |
| /// |
| /// assert_eq!(lookup[&0], vec![10, 20]); |
| /// assert_eq!(lookup.get(&1), None); |
| /// assert_eq!(lookup[&2], vec![12, 42]); |
| /// assert_eq!(lookup[&3], vec![13, 33]); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[cfg(feature = <span class="string">"use_std"</span>)] |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>into_group_map<K, V>(<span class="self">self</span>) -> HashMap<K, Vec<V>> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Iterator<Item=(K, V)> + Sized, |
| K: Hash + Eq, |
| { |
| group_map::into_group_map(<span class="self">self</span>) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return the minimum and maximum elements in the iterator. |
| /// |
| /// The return type `MinMaxResult` is an enum of three variants: |
| /// |
| /// - `NoElements` if the iterator is empty. |
| /// - `OneElement(x)` if the iterator has exactly one element. |
| /// - `MinMax(x, y)` is returned otherwise, where `x <= y`. Two |
| /// values are equal if and only if there is more than one |
| /// element in the iterator and all elements are equal. |
| /// |
| /// On an iterator of length `n`, `minmax` does `1.5 * n` comparisons, |
| /// and so is faster than calling `min` and `max` separately which does |
| /// `2 * n` comparisons. |
| /// |
| /// # Examples |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// use itertools::MinMaxResult::{NoElements, OneElement, MinMax}; |
| /// |
| /// let a: [i32; 0] = []; |
| /// assert_eq!(a.iter().minmax(), NoElements); |
| /// |
| /// let a = [1]; |
| /// assert_eq!(a.iter().minmax(), OneElement(&1)); |
| /// |
| /// let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]; |
| /// assert_eq!(a.iter().minmax(), MinMax(&1, &5)); |
| /// |
| /// let a = [1, 1, 1, 1]; |
| /// assert_eq!(a.iter().minmax(), MinMax(&1, &1)); |
| /// ``` |
| /// |
| /// The elements can be floats but no particular result is guaranteed |
| /// if an element is NaN. |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>minmax(<span class="self">self</span>) -> MinMaxResult<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, <span class="self">Self</span>::Item: PartialOrd |
| { |
| minmax::minmax_impl(<span class="self">self</span>, |<span class="kw">_</span>| (), |x, y, <span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>| x < y) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return the minimum and maximum element of an iterator, as determined by |
| /// the specified function. |
| /// |
| /// The return value is a variant of `MinMaxResult` like for `minmax()`. |
| /// |
| /// For the minimum, the first minimal element is returned. For the maximum, |
| /// the last maximal element wins. This matches the behavior of the standard |
| /// `Iterator::min()` and `Iterator::max()` methods. |
| /// |
| /// The keys can be floats but no particular result is guaranteed |
| /// if a key is NaN. |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>minmax_by_key<K, F>(<span class="self">self</span>, key: F) -> MinMaxResult<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, K: PartialOrd, F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> K |
| { |
| minmax::minmax_impl(<span class="self">self</span>, key, |<span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>, xk, yk| xk < yk) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return the minimum and maximum element of an iterator, as determined by |
| /// the specified comparison function. |
| /// |
| /// The return value is a variant of `MinMaxResult` like for `minmax()`. |
| /// |
| /// For the minimum, the first minimal element is returned. For the maximum, |
| /// the last maximal element wins. This matches the behavior of the standard |
| /// `Iterator::min()` and `Iterator::max()` methods. |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>minmax_by<F>(<span class="self">self</span>, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>compare: F) -> MinMaxResult<<span class="self">Self</span>::Item> |
| <span class="kw">where </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item, <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">Self</span>::Item) -> Ordering |
| { |
| minmax::minmax_impl( |
| <span class="self">self</span>, |
| |<span class="kw">_</span>| (), |
| |x, y, <span class="kw">_</span>, <span class="kw">_</span>| Ordering::Less == compare(x, y) |
| ) |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// If the iterator yields exactly one element, that element will be returned, otherwise |
| /// an error will be returned containing an iterator that has the same output as the input |
| /// iterator. |
| /// |
| /// This provides an additional layer of validation over just calling `Iterator::next()`. |
| /// If your assumption that there should only be one element yielded is false this provides |
| /// the opportunity to detect and handle that, preventing errors at a distance. |
| /// |
| /// # Examples |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::Itertools; |
| /// |
| /// assert_eq!((0..10).filter(|&x| x == 2).exactly_one().unwrap(), 2); |
| /// assert!((0..10).filter(|&x| x > 1 && x < 4).exactly_one().unwrap_err().eq(2..4)); |
| /// assert!((0..10).filter(|&x| x > 1 && x < 5).exactly_one().unwrap_err().eq(2..5)); |
| /// assert!((0..10).filter(|&_| false).exactly_one().unwrap_err().eq(0..0)); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">fn </span>exactly_one(<span class="kw-2">mut </span><span class="self">self</span>) -> <span class="prelude-ty">Result</span><<span class="self">Self</span>::Item, ExactlyOneError<<span class="self">Self</span>>> |
| <span class="kw">where |
| </span><span class="self">Self</span>: Sized, |
| { |
| <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.next() { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(first) => { |
| <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self</span>.next() { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(second) => { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ExactlyOneError::new((<span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(first), <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(second)), <span class="self">self</span>)) |
| } |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Ok</span>(first) |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> <span class="prelude-val">Err</span>(ExactlyOneError::new((<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>), <span class="self">self</span>)), |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">impl</span><T: <span class="question-mark">?</span>Sized> Itertools <span class="kw">for </span>T <span class="kw">where </span>T: Iterator { } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return `true` if both iterables produce equal sequences |
| /// (elements pairwise equal and sequences of the same length), |
| /// `false` otherwise. |
| /// |
| /// This is an `IntoIterator` enabled function that is similar to the standard |
| /// library method `Iterator::eq`. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// assert!(itertools::equal(vec![1, 2, 3], 1..4)); |
| /// assert!(!itertools::equal(&[0, 0], &[0, 0, 0])); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>equal<I, J>(a: I, b: J) -> bool |
| <span class="kw">where </span>I: IntoIterator, |
| J: IntoIterator, |
| I::Item: PartialEq<J::Item> |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>ia = a.into_iter(); |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>ib = b.into_iter(); |
| <span class="kw">loop </span>{ |
| <span class="kw">match </span>ia.next() { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(x) => <span class="kw">match </span>ib.next() { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(y) => <span class="kw">if </span>x != y { <span class="kw">return </span><span class="bool-val">false</span>; }, |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> <span class="kw">return </span><span class="bool-val">false</span>, |
| }, |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> <span class="kw">return </span>ib.next().is_none() |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Assert that two iterables produce equal sequences, with the same |
| /// semantics as *equal(a, b)*. |
| /// |
| /// **Panics** on assertion failure with a message that shows the |
| /// two iteration elements. |
| /// |
| /// ```ignore |
| /// assert_equal("exceed".split('c'), "excess".split('c')); |
| /// // ^PANIC: panicked at 'Failed assertion Some("eed") == Some("ess") for iteration 1', |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>assert_equal<I, J>(a: I, b: J) |
| <span class="kw">where </span>I: IntoIterator, |
| J: IntoIterator, |
| I::Item: fmt::Debug + PartialEq<J::Item>, |
| J::Item: fmt::Debug, |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>ia = a.into_iter(); |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>ib = b.into_iter(); |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>i = <span class="number">0</span>; |
| <span class="kw">loop </span>{ |
| <span class="kw">match </span>(ia.next(), ib.next()) { |
| (<span class="prelude-val">None</span>, <span class="prelude-val">None</span>) => <span class="kw">return</span>, |
| (a, b) => { |
| <span class="kw">let </span>equal = <span class="kw">match </span>(<span class="kw-2">&</span>a, <span class="kw-2">&</span>b) { |
| (<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">ref </span>a), <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(<span class="kw-2">ref </span>b)) => a == b, |
| <span class="kw">_ </span>=> <span class="bool-val">false</span>, |
| }; |
| <span class="macro">assert!</span>(equal, <span class="string">"Failed assertion {a:?} == {b:?} for iteration {i}"</span>, |
| i=i, a=a, b=b); |
| i += <span class="number">1</span>; |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Partition a sequence using predicate `pred` so that elements |
| /// that map to `true` are placed before elements which map to `false`. |
| /// |
| /// The order within the partitions is arbitrary. |
| /// |
| /// Return the index of the split point. |
| /// |
| /// ``` |
| /// use itertools::partition; |
| /// |
| /// # // use repeated numbers to not promise any ordering |
| /// let mut data = [7, 1, 1, 7, 1, 1, 7]; |
| /// let split_index = partition(&mut data, |elt| *elt >= 3); |
| /// |
| /// assert_eq!(data, [7, 7, 7, 1, 1, 1, 1]); |
| /// assert_eq!(split_index, 3); |
| /// ``` |
| </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>partition<<span class="lifetime">'a</span>, A: <span class="lifetime">'a</span>, I, F>(iter: I, <span class="kw-2">mut </span>pred: F) -> usize |
| <span class="kw">where </span>I: IntoIterator<Item = <span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="lifetime">'a </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>A>, |
| I::IntoIter: DoubleEndedIterator, |
| F: FnMut(<span class="kw-2">&</span>A) -> bool |
| { |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>split_index = <span class="number">0</span>; |
| <span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>iter = iter.into_iter(); |
| <span class="lifetime">'main</span>: <span class="kw">while let </span><span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(front) = iter.next() { |
| <span class="kw">if </span>!pred(front) { |
| <span class="kw">loop </span>{ |
| <span class="kw">match </span>iter.next_back() { |
| <span class="prelude-val">Some</span>(back) => <span class="kw">if </span>pred(back) { |
| std::mem::swap(front, back); |
| <span class="kw">break</span>; |
| }, |
| <span class="prelude-val">None </span>=> <span class="kw">break </span><span class="lifetime">'main</span>, |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| split_index += <span class="number">1</span>; |
| } |
| split_index |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// An enum used for controlling the execution of `.fold_while()`. |
| /// |
| /// See [`.fold_while()`](trait.Itertools.html#method.fold_while) for more information. |
| </span><span class="attribute">#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)] |
| </span><span class="kw">pub enum </span>FoldWhile<T> { |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Continue folding with this value |
| </span>Continue(T), |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Fold is complete and will return this value |
| </span>Done(T), |
| } |
| |
| <span class="kw">impl</span><T> FoldWhile<T> { |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return the value in the continue or done. |
| </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>into_inner(<span class="self">self</span>) -> T { |
| <span class="kw">match </span><span class="self">self </span>{ |
| FoldWhile::Continue(x) | FoldWhile::Done(x) => x, |
| } |
| } |
| |
| <span class="doccomment">/// Return true if `self` is `Done`, false if it is `Continue`. |
| </span><span class="kw">pub fn </span>is_done(<span class="kw-2">&</span><span class="self">self</span>) -> bool { |
| <span class="kw">match </span><span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="self">self </span>{ |
| FoldWhile::Continue(<span class="kw">_</span>) => <span class="bool-val">false</span>, |
| FoldWhile::Done(<span class="kw">_</span>) => <span class="bool-val">true</span>, |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| </code></pre></div> |
| </section></div></main><div id="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-current-crate="itertools" data-themes="ayu,dark,light" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.66.0-nightly (5c8bff74b 2022-10-21)" ></div></body></html> |
