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// Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Baidu, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
// are met:
//
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
// the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
// * Neither the name of Baidu, Inc., nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
// from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
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// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//! This module provides constants which are specific to the implementation
//! of the `f32` floating point data type.
//!
//! *[See also the `f32` primitive type](../../std/primitive.f32.html).*
//!
//! Mathematically significant numbers are provided in the `consts` sub-module.
#![allow(missing_docs)]
use intrinsics;
use sys::cmath;
pub use core::f32::{RADIX, MANTISSA_DIGITS, DIGITS, EPSILON};
pub use core::f32::{MIN_EXP, MAX_EXP, MIN_10_EXP};
pub use core::f32::{MAX_10_EXP, NAN, INFINITY, NEG_INFINITY};
pub use core::f32::{MIN, MIN_POSITIVE, MAX};
pub use core::f32::consts;
#[lang = "f32_runtime"]
impl f32 {
/// Returns the largest integer less than or equal to a number.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// let f = 3.99_f32;
/// let g = 3.0_f32;
///
/// assert_eq!(f.floor(), 3.0);
/// assert_eq!(g.floor(), 3.0);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn floor(self) -> f32 {
// On MSVC LLVM will lower many math intrinsics to a call to the
// corresponding function. On MSVC, however, many of these functions
// aren't actually available as symbols to call, but rather they are all
// `static inline` functions in header files. This means that from a C
// perspective it's "compatible", but not so much from an ABI
// perspective (which we're worried about).
//
// The inline header functions always just cast to a f64 and do their
// operation, so we do that here as well, but only for MSVC targets.
//
// Note that there are many MSVC-specific float operations which
// redirect to this comment, so `floorf` is just one case of a missing
// function on MSVC, but there are many others elsewhere.
#[cfg(target_env = "msvc")]
return (self as f64).floor() as f32;
#[cfg(not(target_env = "msvc"))]
return unsafe { intrinsics::floorf32(self) };
}
/// Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// let f = 3.01_f32;
/// let g = 4.0_f32;
///
/// assert_eq!(f.ceil(), 4.0);
/// assert_eq!(g.ceil(), 4.0);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn ceil(self) -> f32 {
// see notes above in `floor`
#[cfg(target_env = "msvc")]
return (self as f64).ceil() as f32;
#[cfg(not(target_env = "msvc"))]
return unsafe { intrinsics::ceilf32(self) };
}
/// Returns the nearest integer to a number. Round half-way cases away from
/// `0.0`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// let f = 3.3_f32;
/// let g = -3.3_f32;
///
/// assert_eq!(f.round(), 3.0);
/// assert_eq!(g.round(), -3.0);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn round(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { intrinsics::roundf32(self) }
}
/// Returns the integer part of a number.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// let f = 3.3_f32;
/// let g = -3.7_f32;
///
/// assert_eq!(f.trunc(), 3.0);
/// assert_eq!(g.trunc(), -3.0);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn trunc(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { intrinsics::truncf32(self) }
}
/// Returns the fractional part of a number.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 3.5_f32;
/// let y = -3.5_f32;
/// let abs_difference_x = (x.fract() - 0.5).abs();
/// let abs_difference_y = (y.fract() - (-0.5)).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference_x <= f32::EPSILON);
/// assert!(abs_difference_y <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn fract(self) -> f32 { self - self.trunc() }
/// Computes the absolute value of `self`. Returns `NAN` if the
/// number is `NAN`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 3.5_f32;
/// let y = -3.5_f32;
///
/// let abs_difference_x = (x.abs() - x).abs();
/// let abs_difference_y = (y.abs() - (-y)).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference_x <= f32::EPSILON);
/// assert!(abs_difference_y <= f32::EPSILON);
///
/// assert!(f32::NAN.abs().is_nan());
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn abs(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { intrinsics::fabsf32(self) }
}
/// Returns a number that represents the sign of `self`.
///
/// - `1.0` if the number is positive, `+0.0` or `INFINITY`
/// - `-1.0` if the number is negative, `-0.0` or `NEG_INFINITY`
/// - `NAN` if the number is `NAN`
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let f = 3.5_f32;
///
/// assert_eq!(f.signum(), 1.0);
/// assert_eq!(f32::NEG_INFINITY.signum(), -1.0);
///
/// assert!(f32::NAN.signum().is_nan());
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn signum(self) -> f32 {
if self.is_nan() {
NAN
} else {
unsafe { intrinsics::copysignf32(1.0, self) }
}
}
/// Fused multiply-add. Computes `(self * a) + b` with only one rounding
/// error, yielding a more accurate result than an unfused multiply-add.
///
/// Using `mul_add` can be more performant than an unfused multiply-add if
/// the target architecture has a dedicated `fma` CPU instruction.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let m = 10.0_f32;
/// let x = 4.0_f32;
/// let b = 60.0_f32;
///
/// // 100.0
/// let abs_difference = (m.mul_add(x, b) - (m*x + b)).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn mul_add(self, a: f32, b: f32) -> f32 {
unsafe { intrinsics::fmaf32(self, a, b) }
}
/// Calculates Euclidean division, the matching method for `mod_euc`.
///
/// This computes the integer `n` such that
/// `self = n * rhs + self.mod_euc(rhs)`.
/// In other words, the result is `self / rhs` rounded to the integer `n`
/// such that `self >= n * rhs`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// #![feature(euclidean_division)]
/// let a: f32 = 7.0;
/// let b = 4.0;
/// assert_eq!(a.div_euc(b), 1.0); // 7.0 > 4.0 * 1.0
/// assert_eq!((-a).div_euc(b), -2.0); // -7.0 >= 4.0 * -2.0
/// assert_eq!(a.div_euc(-b), -1.0); // 7.0 >= -4.0 * -1.0
/// assert_eq!((-a).div_euc(-b), 2.0); // -7.0 >= -4.0 * 2.0
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn div_euc(self, rhs: f32) -> f32 {
let q = (self / rhs).trunc();
if self % rhs < 0.0 {
return if rhs > 0.0 { q - 1.0 } else { q + 1.0 }
}
q
}
/// Calculates the Euclidean modulo (self mod rhs), which is never negative.
///
/// In particular, the result `n` satisfies `0 <= n < rhs.abs()`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// #![feature(euclidean_division)]
/// let a: f32 = 7.0;
/// let b = 4.0;
/// assert_eq!(a.mod_euc(b), 3.0);
/// assert_eq!((-a).mod_euc(b), 1.0);
/// assert_eq!(a.mod_euc(-b), 3.0);
/// assert_eq!((-a).mod_euc(-b), 1.0);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn mod_euc(self, rhs: f32) -> f32 {
let r = self % rhs;
if r < 0.0 {
r + rhs.abs()
} else {
r
}
}
/// Raises a number to an integer power.
///
/// Using this function is generally faster than using `powf`
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 2.0_f32;
/// let abs_difference = (x.powi(2) - x*x).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn powi(self, n: i32) -> f32 {
unsafe { intrinsics::powif32(self, n) }
}
/// Raises a number to a floating point power.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 2.0_f32;
/// let abs_difference = (x.powf(2.0) - x*x).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn powf(self, n: f32) -> f32 {
// see notes above in `floor`
#[cfg(target_env = "msvc")]
return (self as f64).powf(n as f64) as f32;
#[cfg(not(target_env = "msvc"))]
return unsafe { intrinsics::powf32(self, n) };
}
/// Takes the square root of a number.
///
/// Returns NaN if `self` is a negative number.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let positive = 4.0_f32;
/// let negative = -4.0_f32;
///
/// let abs_difference = (positive.sqrt() - 2.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// assert!(negative.sqrt().is_nan());
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn sqrt(self) -> f32 {
if self < 0.0 {
NAN
} else {
unsafe { intrinsics::sqrtf32(self) }
}
}
/// Returns `e^(self)`, (the exponential function).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let one = 1.0f32;
/// // e^1
/// let e = one.exp();
///
/// // ln(e) - 1 == 0
/// let abs_difference = (e.ln() - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn exp(self) -> f32 {
// see notes above in `floor`
#[cfg(target_env = "msvc")]
return (self as f64).exp() as f32;
#[cfg(not(target_env = "msvc"))]
return unsafe { intrinsics::expf32(self) };
}
/// Returns `2^(self)`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let f = 2.0f32;
///
/// // 2^2 - 4 == 0
/// let abs_difference = (f.exp2() - 4.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn exp2(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { intrinsics::exp2f32(self) }
}
/// Returns the natural logarithm of the number.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let one = 1.0f32;
/// // e^1
/// let e = one.exp();
///
/// // ln(e) - 1 == 0
/// let abs_difference = (e.ln() - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn ln(self) -> f32 {
// see notes above in `floor`
#[cfg(target_env = "msvc")]
return (self as f64).ln() as f32;
#[cfg(not(target_env = "msvc"))]
return unsafe { intrinsics::logf32(self) };
}
/// Returns the logarithm of the number with respect to an arbitrary base.
///
/// The result may not be correctly rounded owing to implementation details;
/// `self.log2()` can produce more accurate results for base 2, and
/// `self.log10()` can produce more accurate results for base 10.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let five = 5.0f32;
///
/// // log5(5) - 1 == 0
/// let abs_difference = (five.log(5.0) - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn log(self, base: f32) -> f32 { self.ln() / base.ln() }
/// Returns the base 2 logarithm of the number.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let two = 2.0f32;
///
/// // log2(2) - 1 == 0
/// let abs_difference = (two.log2() - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn log2(self) -> f32 {
#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
return ::sys::android::log2f32(self);
#[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
return unsafe { intrinsics::log2f32(self) };
}
/// Returns the base 10 logarithm of the number.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let ten = 10.0f32;
///
/// // log10(10) - 1 == 0
/// let abs_difference = (ten.log10() - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn log10(self) -> f32 {
// see notes above in `floor`
#[cfg(target_env = "msvc")]
return (self as f64).log10() as f32;
#[cfg(not(target_env = "msvc"))]
return unsafe { intrinsics::log10f32(self) };
}
/// Takes the cubic root of a number.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 8.0f32;
///
/// // x^(1/3) - 2 == 0
/// let abs_difference = (x.cbrt() - 2.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn cbrt(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::cbrtf(self) }
}
/// Calculates the length of the hypotenuse of a right-angle triangle given
/// legs of length `x` and `y`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 2.0f32;
/// let y = 3.0f32;
///
/// // sqrt(x^2 + y^2)
/// let abs_difference = (x.hypot(y) - (x.powi(2) + y.powi(2)).sqrt()).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn hypot(self, other: f32) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::hypotf(self, other) }
}
/// Computes the sine of a number (in radians).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = f32::consts::PI/2.0;
///
/// let abs_difference = (x.sin() - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn sin(self) -> f32 {
// see notes in `core::f32::Float::floor`
#[cfg(target_env = "msvc")]
return (self as f64).sin() as f32;
#[cfg(not(target_env = "msvc"))]
return unsafe { intrinsics::sinf32(self) };
}
/// Computes the cosine of a number (in radians).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 2.0*f32::consts::PI;
///
/// let abs_difference = (x.cos() - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn cos(self) -> f32 {
// see notes in `core::f32::Float::floor`
#[cfg(target_env = "msvc")]
return (self as f64).cos() as f32;
#[cfg(not(target_env = "msvc"))]
return unsafe { intrinsics::cosf32(self) };
}
/// Computes the tangent of a number (in radians).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = f32::consts::PI / 4.0;
/// let abs_difference = (x.tan() - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn tan(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::tanf(self) }
}
/// Computes the arcsine of a number. Return value is in radians in
/// the range [-pi/2, pi/2] or NaN if the number is outside the range
/// [-1, 1].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let f = f32::consts::PI / 2.0;
///
/// // asin(sin(pi/2))
/// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - f32::consts::PI / 2.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn asin(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::asinf(self) }
}
/// Computes the arccosine of a number. Return value is in radians in
/// the range [0, pi] or NaN if the number is outside the range
/// [-1, 1].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let f = f32::consts::PI / 4.0;
///
/// // acos(cos(pi/4))
/// let abs_difference = (f.cos().acos() - f32::consts::PI / 4.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn acos(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::acosf(self) }
}
/// Computes the arctangent of a number. Return value is in radians in the
/// range [-pi/2, pi/2];
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let f = 1.0f32;
///
/// // atan(tan(1))
/// let abs_difference = (f.tan().atan() - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn atan(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::atanf(self) }
}
/// Computes the four quadrant arctangent of `self` (`y`) and `other` (`x`) in radians.
///
/// * `x = 0`, `y = 0`: `0`
/// * `x >= 0`: `arctan(y/x)` -> `[-pi/2, pi/2]`
/// * `y >= 0`: `arctan(y/x) + pi` -> `(pi/2, pi]`
/// * `y < 0`: `arctan(y/x) - pi` -> `(-pi, -pi/2)`
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let pi = f32::consts::PI;
/// // Positive angles measured counter-clockwise
/// // from positive x axis
/// // -pi/4 radians (45 deg clockwise)
/// let x1 = 3.0f32;
/// let y1 = -3.0f32;
///
/// // 3pi/4 radians (135 deg counter-clockwise)
/// let x2 = -3.0f32;
/// let y2 = 3.0f32;
///
/// let abs_difference_1 = (y1.atan2(x1) - (-pi/4.0)).abs();
/// let abs_difference_2 = (y2.atan2(x2) - 3.0*pi/4.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference_1 <= f32::EPSILON);
/// assert!(abs_difference_2 <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn atan2(self, other: f32) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::atan2f(self, other) }
}
/// Simultaneously computes the sine and cosine of the number, `x`. Returns
/// `(sin(x), cos(x))`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = f32::consts::PI/4.0;
/// let f = x.sin_cos();
///
/// let abs_difference_0 = (f.0 - x.sin()).abs();
/// let abs_difference_1 = (f.1 - x.cos()).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference_0 <= f32::EPSILON);
/// assert!(abs_difference_1 <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn sin_cos(self) -> (f32, f32) {
(self.sin(), self.cos())
}
/// Returns `e^(self) - 1` in a way that is accurate even if the
/// number is close to zero.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 6.0f32;
///
/// // e^(ln(6)) - 1
/// let abs_difference = (x.ln().exp_m1() - 5.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn exp_m1(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::expm1f(self) }
}
/// Returns `ln(1+n)` (natural logarithm) more accurately than if
/// the operations were performed separately.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = f32::consts::E - 1.0;
///
/// // ln(1 + (e - 1)) == ln(e) == 1
/// let abs_difference = (x.ln_1p() - 1.0).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn ln_1p(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::log1pf(self) }
}
/// Hyperbolic sine function.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let e = f32::consts::E;
/// let x = 1.0f32;
///
/// let f = x.sinh();
/// // Solving sinh() at 1 gives `(e^2-1)/(2e)`
/// let g = (e*e - 1.0)/(2.0*e);
/// let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn sinh(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::sinhf(self) }
}
/// Hyperbolic cosine function.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let e = f32::consts::E;
/// let x = 1.0f32;
/// let f = x.cosh();
/// // Solving cosh() at 1 gives this result
/// let g = (e*e + 1.0)/(2.0*e);
/// let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();
///
/// // Same result
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn cosh(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::coshf(self) }
}
/// Hyperbolic tangent function.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let e = f32::consts::E;
/// let x = 1.0f32;
///
/// let f = x.tanh();
/// // Solving tanh() at 1 gives `(1 - e^(-2))/(1 + e^(-2))`
/// let g = (1.0 - e.powi(-2))/(1.0 + e.powi(-2));
/// let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn tanh(self) -> f32 {
unsafe { cmath::tanhf(self) }
}
/// Inverse hyperbolic sine function.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 1.0f32;
/// let f = x.sinh().asinh();
///
/// let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn asinh(self) -> f32 {
if self == NEG_INFINITY {
NEG_INFINITY
} else {
(self + ((self * self) + 1.0).sqrt()).ln()
}
}
/// Inverse hyperbolic cosine function.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let x = 1.0f32;
/// let f = x.cosh().acosh();
///
/// let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn acosh(self) -> f32 {
match self {
x if x < 1.0 => ::f32::NAN,
x => (x + ((x * x) - 1.0).sqrt()).ln(),
}
}
/// Inverse hyperbolic tangent function.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use std::f32;
///
/// let e = f32::consts::E;
/// let f = e.tanh().atanh();
///
/// let abs_difference = (f - e).abs();
///
/// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-5);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn atanh(self) -> f32 {
0.5 * ((2.0 * self) / (1.0 - self)).ln_1p()
}
}