| <!doctype html><html lang=cn class=no-js><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,shrink-to-fit=no"><meta name=generator content="Hugo 0.102.3"><meta name=robots content="index, follow"><link rel="shortcut icon" href=/favicons/favicon.ico><link rel=apple-touch-icon href=/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png sizes=180x180><link rel=icon type=image/png href=/favicons/favicon-16x16.png sizes=16x16><link rel=icon type=image/png href=/favicons/favicon-32x32.png sizes=32x32><link rel=icon type=image/png href=/favicons/android-36x36.png sizes=36x36><link rel=icon type=image/png href=/favicons/android-48x48.png sizes=48x48><link rel=icon type=image/png href=/favicons/android-72x72.png sizes=72x72><link rel=icon type=image/png href=/favicons/android-96x96.png sizes=96x96><link rel=icon type=image/png href=/favicons/android-144x144.png sizes=144x144><link rel=icon type=image/png href=/favicons/android-192x192.png sizes=192x192><title>HugeGraph Java Client | HugeGraph</title><meta name=description content="本文的代码都是java语言写的，但其风格与gremlin(groovy)是非常类似的。用户只需要把代码中的变量声明替换成def或直接去掉， |
| 就能将java代码转变为groovy；另外就是每一行语句最后可以不加分号，groovy认为一行就是一条语句。 |
| 用户在HugeGraph-Studio …"><meta property="og:title" content="HugeGraph Java Client"><meta property="og:description" content="本文的代码都是java语言写的，但其风格与gremlin(groovy)是非常类似的。用户只需要把代码中的变量声明替换成def或直接去掉， 就能将java代码转变为groovy；另外就是每一行语句最后可以不加分号，groovy认为一行就是一条语句。 用户在HugeGraph-Studio中编写的gremlin(groovy)可以参考本文的java代码，下面会举出几个例子。 |
| 1 HugeGraph-Client HugeGraph-Client 是操作 graph 的总入口，用户必须先创建出 HugeGraph-Client 对象，与 HugeGraph-Server 建立连接（伪连接）后，才能获取到 schema、graph 以及 gremlin 的操作入口对象。 |
| 目前 HugeGraph-Client 只允许连接服务端已存在的图，无法自定义图进行创建。其创建方法如下： |
| // HugeGraphServer地址："http://localhost:8080" // 图的名称："hugegraph" HugeClient hugeClient = HugeClient.builder("http://localhost:8080", "hugegraph") .configTimeout(20) // 默认 20s 超时 .configUser("**", "**") // 默认未开启用户权限 .build(); 上述创建 HugeClient 的过程如果失败会抛出异常，用户需要try-catch。如果成功则继续获取 schema、graph 以及 gremlin 的 manager。 |
| 在HugeGraph - Hubble / Studio中通过gremlin来操作时，不需要使用HugeClient，可以忽略。 |
| 2 元数据 2.1 SchemaManager SchemaManager 用于管理 HugeGraph 中的四种元数据，分别是PropertyKey（属性类型）、VertexLabel（顶点类型）、EdgeLabel（边类型）和 IndexLabel（索引标签）。在定义元数据信息之前必须先创建 SchemaManager 对象。 |
| 用户可使用如下方法获得SchemaManager对象： |
| SchemaManager schema = hugeClient.schema() 在HugeGraph-Studio中通过gremlin创建schema对象： |
| schema = graph."><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="og:url" content="/cn/docs/clients/hugegraph-client/"><meta property="article:section" content="docs"><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2022-09-15T15:16:23+08:00"><meta property="og:site_name" content="HugeGraph"><meta itemprop=name content="HugeGraph Java Client"><meta itemprop=description content="本文的代码都是java语言写的，但其风格与gremlin(groovy)是非常类似的。用户只需要把代码中的变量声明替换成def或直接去掉， 就能将java代码转变为groovy；另外就是每一行语句最后可以不加分号，groovy认为一行就是一条语句。 用户在HugeGraph-Studio中编写的gremlin(groovy)可以参考本文的java代码，下面会举出几个例子。 |
| 1 HugeGraph-Client HugeGraph-Client 是操作 graph 的总入口，用户必须先创建出 HugeGraph-Client 对象，与 HugeGraph-Server 建立连接（伪连接）后，才能获取到 schema、graph 以及 gremlin 的操作入口对象。 |
| 目前 HugeGraph-Client 只允许连接服务端已存在的图，无法自定义图进行创建。其创建方法如下： |
| // HugeGraphServer地址："http://localhost:8080" // 图的名称："hugegraph" HugeClient hugeClient = HugeClient.builder("http://localhost:8080", "hugegraph") .configTimeout(20) // 默认 20s 超时 .configUser("**", "**") // 默认未开启用户权限 .build(); 上述创建 HugeClient 的过程如果失败会抛出异常，用户需要try-catch。如果成功则继续获取 schema、graph 以及 gremlin 的 manager。 |
| 在HugeGraph - Hubble / Studio中通过gremlin来操作时，不需要使用HugeClient，可以忽略。 |
| 2 元数据 2.1 SchemaManager SchemaManager 用于管理 HugeGraph 中的四种元数据，分别是PropertyKey（属性类型）、VertexLabel（顶点类型）、EdgeLabel（边类型）和 IndexLabel（索引标签）。在定义元数据信息之前必须先创建 SchemaManager 对象。 |
| 用户可使用如下方法获得SchemaManager对象： |
| SchemaManager schema = hugeClient.schema() 在HugeGraph-Studio中通过gremlin创建schema对象： |
| schema = graph."><meta itemprop=dateModified content="2022-09-15T15:16:23+08:00"><meta itemprop=wordCount content="892"><meta itemprop=keywords content><meta name=twitter:card content="summary"><meta name=twitter:title content="HugeGraph Java Client"><meta name=twitter:description content="本文的代码都是java语言写的，但其风格与gremlin(groovy)是非常类似的。用户只需要把代码中的变量声明替换成def或直接去掉， 就能将java代码转变为groovy；另外就是每一行语句最后可以不加分号，groovy认为一行就是一条语句。 用户在HugeGraph-Studio中编写的gremlin(groovy)可以参考本文的java代码，下面会举出几个例子。 |
| 1 HugeGraph-Client HugeGraph-Client 是操作 graph 的总入口，用户必须先创建出 HugeGraph-Client 对象，与 HugeGraph-Server 建立连接（伪连接）后，才能获取到 schema、graph 以及 gremlin 的操作入口对象。 |
| 目前 HugeGraph-Client 只允许连接服务端已存在的图，无法自定义图进行创建。其创建方法如下： |
| // HugeGraphServer地址："http://localhost:8080" // 图的名称："hugegraph" HugeClient hugeClient = HugeClient.builder("http://localhost:8080", "hugegraph") .configTimeout(20) // 默认 20s 超时 .configUser("**", "**") // 默认未开启用户权限 .build(); 上述创建 HugeClient 的过程如果失败会抛出异常，用户需要try-catch。如果成功则继续获取 schema、graph 以及 gremlin 的 manager。 |
| 在HugeGraph - Hubble / Studio中通过gremlin来操作时，不需要使用HugeClient，可以忽略。 |
| 2 元数据 2.1 SchemaManager SchemaManager 用于管理 HugeGraph 中的四种元数据，分别是PropertyKey（属性类型）、VertexLabel（顶点类型）、EdgeLabel（边类型）和 IndexLabel（索引标签）。在定义元数据信息之前必须先创建 SchemaManager 对象。 |
| 用户可使用如下方法获得SchemaManager对象： |
| SchemaManager schema = hugeClient.schema() 在HugeGraph-Studio中通过gremlin创建schema对象： |
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HugeGraph-AI</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsquickstarthugegraph-client-li><a href=/cn/docs/quickstart/hugegraph-client/ title="HugeGraph-Client Quick Start" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsquickstarthugegraph-client><span>使用 HugeGraph-Client 开发</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsquickstarthugegraph-tools-li><a href=/cn/docs/quickstart/hugegraph-tools/ title="HugeGraph-Tools Quick Start" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsquickstarthugegraph-tools><span>使用 HugeGraph-Tools 导出/管理图</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsquickstarthugegraph-computer-li><a href=/cn/docs/quickstart/hugegraph-computer/ title="HugeGraph-Computer Quick Start" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsquickstarthugegraph-computer><span>使用 Computer 进行 OLAP 分析</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-cndocsconfig-li><a href=/cn/docs/config/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-cndocsconfig><span>Config</span></a><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-guide-li><a href=/cn/docs/config/config-guide/ title="HugeGraph 配置" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-guide><span>参数配置</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-option-li><a href=/cn/docs/config/config-option/ title="HugeGraph 配置项" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-option><span>配置项列表</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-authentication-li><a href=/cn/docs/config/config-authentication/ title="HugeGraph 内置用户权限与扩展权限配置及使用" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-authentication><span>权限配置</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-https-li><a href=/cn/docs/config/config-https/ title="配置 HugeGraphServer 使用 https 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-https><span>配置 HTTPS</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-computer-li><a href=/cn/docs/config/config-computer/ title="HugeGraph-Computer 配置" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsconfigconfig-computer><span>图计算 Computer 配置</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child active-path" id=m-cndocsclients-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-cndocsclients><span>API</span></a><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-api-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/ title="HugeGraph RESTful API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-api><span>RESTful API</span></a><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apischema-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/schema/ title="Schema API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apischema><span>Schema</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apipropertykey-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/propertykey/ title="PropertyKey API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apipropertykey><span>PropertyKey</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apivertexlabel-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/vertexlabel/ title="VertexLabel API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apivertexlabel><span>VertexLabel</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiedgelabel-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/edgelabel/ title="EdgeLabel API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiedgelabel><span>EdgeLabel</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiindexlabel-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/indexlabel/ title="IndexLabel API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiindexlabel><span>IndexLabel</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apirebuild-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/rebuild/ title="Rebuild API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apirebuild><span>Rebuild</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apivertex-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/vertex/ title="Vertex API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apivertex><span>Vertex</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiedge-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/edge/ title="Edge API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiedge><span>Edge</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apitraverser-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/traverser/ title="Traverser API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apitraverser><span>Traverser</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apirank-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/rank/ title="Rank API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apirank><span>Rank</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apivariable-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/variable/ title="Variable API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apivariable><span>Variable</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apigraphs-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/graphs/ title="Graphs API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apigraphs><span>Graphs</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apitask-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/task/ title="Task API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apitask><span>Task</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apigremlin-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/gremlin/ title="Gremlin API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apigremlin><span>Gremlin</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apicypher-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/cypher/ title="Cypher API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apicypher><span>Cypher</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiauth-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/auth/ title="Authentication API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiauth><span>Authentication</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apimetrics-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/metrics/ title="Metrics API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apimetrics><span>Metrics</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiother-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/restful-api/other/ title="Other API" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsrestful-apiother><span>Other</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientshugegraph-client-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/hugegraph-client/ class="align-left pl-0 active td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientshugegraph-client><span class=td-sidebar-nav-active-item>HugeGraph Java Client</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsclientsgremlin-console-li><a href=/cn/docs/clients/gremlin-console/ title=Gremlin-Console class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsclientsgremlin-console><span>Gremlin Console</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-cndocsguides-li><a href=/cn/docs/guides/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-cndocsguides><span>GUIDES</span></a><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsguidesarchitectural-li><a href=/cn/docs/guides/architectural/ title="HugeGraph Architecture Overview" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsguidesarchitectural><span>架构概览</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsguidesdesgin-concept-li><a href=/cn/docs/guides/desgin-concept/ title="HugeGraph Design Concepts" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsguidesdesgin-concept><span>设计理念(legacy)</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsguidescustom-plugin-li><a href=/cn/docs/guides/custom-plugin/ title="HugeGraph Plugin 机制及插件扩展流程" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsguidescustom-plugin><span>HugeGraph Plugin</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsguidesbackup-restore-li><a href=/cn/docs/guides/backup-restore/ title="Backup Restore" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsguidesbackup-restore><span>备份 & 恢复</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsguidesfaq-li><a href=/cn/docs/guides/faq/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsguidesfaq><span>FAQ</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsguidessecurity-li><a href=/cn/docs/guides/security/ title=报告安全问题 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsguidessecurity><span>安全公告</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-cndocslanguage-li><a href=/cn/docs/language/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-cndocslanguage><span>QUERY LANGUAGE</span></a><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocslanguagehugegraph-gremlin-li><a href=/cn/docs/language/hugegraph-gremlin/ title="HugeGraph Gremlin" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocslanguagehugegraph-gremlin><span>Gremlin Query Language</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocslanguagehugegraph-example-li><a href=/cn/docs/language/hugegraph-example/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocslanguagehugegraph-example><span>HugeGraph Examples</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-cndocsperformance-li><a href=/cn/docs/performance/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-cndocsperformance><span>PERFORMANCE</span></a><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsperformancehugegraph-benchmark-056-li><a href=/cn/docs/performance/hugegraph-benchmark-0.5.6/ title="HugeGraph BenchMark Performance" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsperformancehugegraph-benchmark-056><span>HugeGraph 基准测试</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-cndocsperformanceapi-preformance-li><a href=/cn/docs/performance/api-preformance/ title="HugeGraph-API Performance" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-cndocsperformanceapi-preformance><span>HugeGraph-API 性能</span></a><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsperformanceapi-preformancehugegraph-api-056-rocksdb-li><a href=/cn/docs/performance/api-preformance/hugegraph-api-0.5.6-rocksdb/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsperformanceapi-preformancehugegraph-api-056-rocksdb><span>v0.5.6 Stand-alone(RocksDB)</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsperformanceapi-preformancehugegraph-api-056-cassandra-li><a href=/cn/docs/performance/api-preformance/hugegraph-api-0.5.6-cassandra/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsperformanceapi-preformancehugegraph-api-056-cassandra><span>v0.5.6 Cluster(Cassandra)</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsperformancehugegraph-loader-performance-li><a href=/cn/docs/performance/hugegraph-loader-performance/ title="HugeGraph-Loader Performance" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsperformancehugegraph-loader-performance><span>HugeGraph-Loader 性能</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocsperformancehugegraph-benchmark-044-li><a href=/cn/docs/performance/hugegraph-benchmark-0.4.4/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocsperformancehugegraph-benchmark-044><span></span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelines-li><a href=/cn/docs/contribution-guidelines/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelines><span>Contribution Guidelines</span></a><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelinescontribute-li><a href=/cn/docs/contribution-guidelines/contribute/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelinescontribute><span>如何参与 HugeGraph 社区</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelinessubscribe-li><a href=/cn/docs/contribution-guidelines/subscribe/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelinessubscribe><span>订阅社区邮箱</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelinesvalidate-release-li><a href=/cn/docs/contribution-guidelines/validate-release/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelinesvalidate-release><span>验证 Apache 发版</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelineshugegraph-server-idea-setup-li><a href=/cn/docs/contribution-guidelines/hugegraph-server-idea-setup/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelineshugegraph-server-idea-setup><span>在 IDEA 中配置 Server 开发环境</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelinescommitter-guidelines-li><a href=/cn/docs/contribution-guidelines/committer-guidelines/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocscontribution-guidelinescommitter-guidelines><span>Apache HugeGraph Committer 指南</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-cndocschangelog-li><a href=/cn/docs/changelog/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-cndocschangelog><span>CHANGELOGS</span></a><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocschangeloghugegraph-0120-release-notes-li><a href=/cn/docs/changelog/hugegraph-0.12.0-release-notes/ title="HugeGraph 0.12 Release Notes" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocschangeloghugegraph-0120-release-notes><span>Release-0.12.0</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocschangeloghugegraph-100-release-notes-li><a href=/cn/docs/changelog/hugegraph-1.0.0-release-notes/ title="HugeGraph 1.0.0 Release Notes" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocschangeloghugegraph-100-release-notes><span>Release-1.0.0</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocschangeloghugegraph-120-release-notes-li><a href=/cn/docs/changelog/hugegraph-1.2.0-release-notes/ title="HugeGraph 1.2.0 Release Notes" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocschangeloghugegraph-120-release-notes><span>Release-1.2.0</span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocschangeloghugegraph-130-release-notes-li><a href=/cn/docs/changelog/hugegraph-1.3.0-release-notes/ title="HugeGraph 1.3.0 Release Notes" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocschangeloghugegraph-130-release-notes><span>Release-1.3.0</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocscla-li><a href=/cn/docs/cla/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocscla><span></span></a></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-cndocssummary-li><a href=/cn/docs/summary/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-cndocssummary><span></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></aside><aside class="d-none d-xl-block col-xl-2 td-sidebar-toc d-print-none"><div class="td-page-meta ml-2 pb-1 pt-2 mb-0"><a 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| <a id=print href=/cn/docs/clients/_print/><i class="fa fa-print fa-fw"></i> Print entire section</a></div><div class=td-toc><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><ul><li><a href=#1-hugegraph-client>1 HugeGraph-Client</a></li><li><a href=#2-元数据>2 元数据</a></li><li><a href=#3-图数据>3 图数据</a></li><li><a href=#4-简单示例>4 简单示例</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></aside><main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 pl-md-5" role=main><nav aria-label=breadcrumb class=td-breadcrumbs><ol class=breadcrumb><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=/cn/docs/>Documentation</a></li><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=/cn/docs/clients/>API</a></li><li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current=page><a href=/cn/docs/clients/hugegraph-client/>HugeGraph Java Client</a></li></ol></nav><div class=td-content><h1>HugeGraph Java Client</h1><header class=article-meta></header><p>本文的代码都是<code>java</code>语言写的，但其风格与<code>gremlin(groovy)</code>是非常类似的。用户只需要把代码中的变量声明替换成<code>def</code>或直接去掉， |
| 就能将<code>java</code>代码转变为<code>groovy</code>；另外就是每一行语句最后可以不加分号，<code>groovy</code>认为一行就是一条语句。 |
| 用户在<code>HugeGraph-Studio</code>中编写的<code>gremlin(groovy)</code>可以参考本文的<code>java</code>代码，下面会举出几个例子。</p><h3 id=1-hugegraph-client>1 HugeGraph-Client</h3><p>HugeGraph-Client 是操作 graph 的总入口，用户必须先创建出 HugeGraph-Client 对象，与 HugeGraph-Server 建立连接（伪连接）后，才能获取到 schema、graph 以及 gremlin 的操作入口对象。</p><p>目前 HugeGraph-Client 只允许连接服务端已存在的图，无法自定义图进行创建。其创建方法如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// HugeGraphServer地址："http://localhost:8080" |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 图的名称："hugegraph" |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>HugeClient</span> <span style=color:#000>hugeClient</span> <span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>=</span> <span style=color:#000>HugeClient</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>builder</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"http://localhost:8080"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"hugegraph"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>)</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>configTimeout</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#000>20</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>)</span> <span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 默认 20s 超时 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span> <span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>configUser</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"**"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"**"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>)</span> <span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 默认未开启用户权限 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span> <span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>build</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>上述创建 HugeClient 的过程如果失败会抛出异常，用户需要try-catch。如果成功则继续获取 schema、graph 以及 gremlin 的 manager。</p><p>在<code>HugeGraph - Hubble / Studio</code>中通过<code>gremlin</code>来操作时，不需要使用<code>HugeClient</code>，可以忽略。</p><h3 id=2-元数据>2 元数据</h3><h4 id=21-schemamanager>2.1 SchemaManager</h4><p>SchemaManager 用于管理 HugeGraph 中的四种元数据，分别是PropertyKey（属性类型）、VertexLabel（顶点类型）、EdgeLabel（边类型）和 IndexLabel（索引标签）。在定义元数据信息之前必须先创建 SchemaManager 对象。</p><p>用户可使用如下方法获得SchemaManager对象：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>SchemaManager</span> <span style=color:#000>schema</span> <span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>=</span> <span style=color:#000>hugeClient</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>在<code>HugeGraph-Studio</code>中通过<code>gremlin</code>创建<code>schema</code>对象：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-groovy data-lang=groovy><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span> <span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>=</span> <span style=color:#000>graph</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>下面分别对三种元数据的定义过程进行介绍。</p><h4 id=22-propertykey>2.2 PropertyKey</h4><h5 id=221-接口及参数介绍>2.2.1 接口及参数介绍</h5><p>PropertyKey 用来规范顶点和边的属性的约束，暂不支持定义属性的属性。</p><p>PropertyKey 允许定义的约束信息包括：name、datatype、cardinality、userdata，下面逐一介绍。</p><ul><li>name: 属性的名字，用来区分不同的 PropertyKey，不允许有同名的属性；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>param</th><th>must set</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>propertyKey(String name)</td><td>name</td><td>y</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>datatype：属性值类型，必须从下表中选择符合具体业务场景的一项显式设置；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>Java Class</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>asText()</td><td>String</td></tr><tr><td>asInt()</td><td>Integer</td></tr><tr><td>asDate()</td><td>Date</td></tr><tr><td>asUuid()</td><td>UUID</td></tr><tr><td>asBoolean()</td><td>Boolean</td></tr><tr><td>asByte()</td><td>Byte</td></tr><tr><td>asBlob()</td><td>Byte[]</td></tr><tr><td>asDouble()</td><td>Double</td></tr><tr><td>asFloat()</td><td>Float</td></tr><tr><td>asLong()</td><td>Long</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>cardinality：属性值是单值还是多值，多值的情况下又分为允许有重复值和不允许有重复值，该项默认为 single，如有必要可从下表中选择一项设置；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>cardinality</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>valueSingle()</td><td>single</td><td>single value</td></tr><tr><td>valueList()</td><td>list</td><td>multi-values that allow duplicate value</td></tr><tr><td>valueSet()</td><td>set</td><td>multi-values that not allow duplicate value</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>userdata：用户可以自己添加一些约束或额外信息，然后自行检查传入的属性是否满足约束，或者必要的时候提取出额外信息</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>userdata(String key, Object value)</td><td>The same key, the latter will cover the former</td></tr></tbody></table><h5 id=222-创建-propertykey>2.2.2 创建 PropertyKey</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>propertyKey</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>asText</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>valueSet</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>在<code>HugeGraph-Studio</code>中通过<code>gremlin</code>创建上述<code>PropertyKey</code>对象的语法完全一致，如果用户没有定义出<code>schema</code>变量，应该这样写：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-groovy data-lang=groovy><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>graph</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>propertyKey</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>asText</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>valueSet</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>以下的示例中，<code>gremlin</code>与<code>java</code>的语法完全一致，不再赘述。</p><ul><li>ifNotExist()：为 create 添加判断机制，若当前 PropertyKey 已经存在则不再创建，否则创建该属性。若不添加判断，在 properkey 已存在的情况下会抛出异常信息，下同，不再赘述。</li></ul><h5 id=223-删除-propertykey>2.2.3 删除 PropertyKey</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>propertyKey</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>remove</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h5 id=224-查询-propertykey>2.2.4 查询 PropertyKey</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 获取PropertyKey对象 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getPropertyKey</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>)</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 获取PropertyKey属性 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getPropertyKey</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>cardinality</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getPropertyKey</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>dataType</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getPropertyKey</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>name</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getPropertyKey</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>userdata</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id=23-vertexlabel>2.3 VertexLabel</h4><h5 id=231-接口及参数介绍>2.3.1 接口及参数介绍</h5><p>VertexLabel 用来定义顶点类型，描述顶点的约束信息：</p><p>VertexLabel 允许定义的约束信息包括：name、idStrategy、properties、primaryKeys和 nullableKeys，下面逐一介绍。</p><ul><li>name: 属性的名字，用来区分不同的 VertexLabel，不允许有同名的属性；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>param</th><th>must set</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>vertexLabel(String name)</td><td>name</td><td>y</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>idStrategy: 每一个 VertexLabel 都可以选择自己的 Id 策略，目前有三种策略供选择，即 Automatic（自动生成）、Customize（用户传入）和 PrimaryKey（主属性键）。其中 Automatic 使用 Snowflake 算法生成 Id，Customize 需要用户自行传入字符串或数字类型的 Id，PrimaryKey 则允许用户从 VertexLabel 的属性中选择若干主属性作为区分的依据，HugeGraph 内部会根据主属性的值拼接生成 Id。idStrategy 默认使用 Automatic的，但如果用户没有显式设置 idStrategy 又调用了 primaryKeys(…) 方法设置了主属性，则 idStrategy 将自动使用 PrimaryKey；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>idStrategy</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>useAutomaticId</td><td>AUTOMATIC</td><td>generate id automatically by Snowflake algorithm</td></tr><tr><td>useCustomizeStringId</td><td>CUSTOMIZE_STRING</td><td>passed id by user, must be string type</td></tr><tr><td>useCustomizeNumberId</td><td>CUSTOMIZE_NUMBER</td><td>passed id by user, must be number type</td></tr><tr><td>usePrimaryKeyId</td><td>PRIMARY_KEY</td><td>choose some important prop as primary key to splice id</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>properties: 定义顶点的属性，传入的参数是 PropertyKey 的 name</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>properties(String… properties)</td><td>allow to pass multi props</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>primaryKeys: 当用户选择了 PrimaryKey 的 Id 策略时，需要从 VertexLabel 的属性中选择若干主属性作为区分的依据；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>primaryKeys(String… keys)</td><td>allow to choose multi prop as primaryKeys</td></tr></tbody></table><p>需要注意的是，Id 策略的选择与 primaryKeys 的设置有一些相互约束，不能随意调用，约束关系见下表：</p><table><thead><tr><th></th><th>useAutomaticId</th><th>useCustomizeStringId</th><th>useCustomizeNumberId</th><th>usePrimaryKeyId</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>unset primaryKeys</td><td>AUTOMATIC</td><td>CUSTOMIZE_STRING</td><td>CUSTOMIZE_NUMBER</td><td>ERROR</td></tr><tr><td>set primaryKeys</td><td>ERROR</td><td>ERROR</td><td>ERROR</td><td>PRIMARY_KEY</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>nullableKeys: 对于通过 properties(…) 方法设置过的属性，默认全都是不可为空的，也就是在创建顶点时该属性必须赋值，这样可能对用户数据提出了太过严格的完整性要求。为避免这样的强约束，用户可以通过 |
| 本方法设置若干属性为可空的，这样添加顶点时该属性可以不赋值。</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>nullableKeys(String… properties)</td><td>allow to pass multi props</td></tr></tbody></table><p>注意：primaryKeys 和 nullableKeys 不能有交集，因为一个属性不能既作为主属性，又是可空的。</p><ul><li>enableLabelIndex：用户可以指定是否需要为label创建索引。不创建则无法全局搜索指定label的顶点和边，创建则可以全局搜索，做类似于<code>g.V().hasLabel('person'), g.E().has('label', 'person')</code>这样的查询， |
| 但是插入数据时性能上会更加慢，并且需要占用更多的存储空间。此项默认为 true。</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>enableLabelIndex(boolean enable)</td><td>Whether to create a label index</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>userdata：用户可以自己添加一些约束或额外信息，然后自行检查传入的属性是否满足约束，或者必要的时候提取出额外信息</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>userdata(String key, Object value)</td><td>The same key, the latter will cover the former</td></tr></tbody></table><h5 id=232-创建-vertexlabel>2.3.2 创建 VertexLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 使用 Automatic 的 Id 策略 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>vertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"age"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>vertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>useAutomaticId</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"age"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 使用 Customize_String 的 Id 策略 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>vertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>useCustomizeStringId</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"age"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 使用 Customize_Number 的 Id 策略 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>vertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>useCustomizeNumberId</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"age"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 使用 PrimaryKey 的 Id 策略 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>vertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"age"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>primaryKeys</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>vertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>usePrimaryKeyId</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"age"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>primaryKeys</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h5 id=233-追加-vertexlabel>2.3.3 追加 VertexLabel</h5><p>VertexLabel 是可以追加约束的，不过仅限 properties 和 nullableKeys，而且追加的属性也必须添加到 nullableKeys 集合中。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>vertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"price"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>nullableKeys</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"price"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>append</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h5 id=234-删除-vertexlabel>2.3.4 删除 VertexLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>vertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>remove</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h5 id=235-查询-vertexlabel>2.3.5 查询 VertexLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 获取VertexLabel对象 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getVertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>)</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 获取property key属性 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getVertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>idStrategy</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getVertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>primaryKeys</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getVertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>name</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getVertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getVertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>nullableKeys</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getVertexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>userdata</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id=24-edgelabel>2.4 EdgeLabel</h4><h5 id=241-接口及参数介绍>2.4.1 接口及参数介绍</h5><p>EdgeLabel 用来定义边类型，描述边的约束信息。</p><p>EdgeLabel 允许定义的约束信息包括：name、sourceLabel、targetLabel、frequency、properties、sortKeys 和 nullableKeys，下面逐一介绍。</p><ul><li>name: 属性的名字，用来区分不同的 EdgeLabel，不允许有同名的属性；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>param</th><th>must set</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>edgeLabel(String name)</td><td>name</td><td>y</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li><p>sourceLabel: 边连接的源顶点类型名，只允许设置一个；</p></li><li><p>targetLabel: 边连接的目标顶点类型名，只允许设置一个；</p></li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>param</th><th>must set</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>sourceLabel(String label)</td><td>label</td><td>y</td></tr><tr><td>targetLabel(String label)</td><td>label</td><td>y</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>frequency: 字面意思是频率，表示在两个具体的顶点间某个关系出现的次数，可以是单次（single）或多次（frequency），默认为single；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>frequency</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>singleTime()</td><td>single</td><td>a relationship can only occur once</td></tr><tr><td>multiTimes()</td><td>multiple</td><td>a relationship can occur many times</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>properties: 定义边的属性</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>properties(String… properties)</td><td>allow to pass multi props</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>sortKeys: 当 EdgeLabel 的 frequency 为 multiple 时，需要某些属性来区分这多次的关系，故引入了 sortKeys（排序键）；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>sortKeys(String… keys)</td><td>allow to choose multi prop as sortKeys</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>nullableKeys: 与顶点中的 nullableKeys 概念一致，不再赘述</li></ul><p>注意：sortKeys 和 nullableKeys也不能有交集。</p><ul><li><p>enableLabelIndex：与顶点中的 enableLabelIndex 概念一致，不再赘述</p></li><li><p>userdata：用户可以自己添加一些约束或额外信息，然后自行检查传入的属性是否满足约束，或者必要的时候提取出额外信息</p></li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>userdata(String key, Object value)</td><td>The same key, the latter will cover the former</td></tr></tbody></table><h5 id=242-创建-edgelabel>2.4.2 创建 EdgeLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>edgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>link</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"date"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>edgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"created"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>multiTimes</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>link</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"software"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"date"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>sortKeys</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"date"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h5 id=243-追加-edgelabel>2.4.3 追加 EdgeLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>edgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"price"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>nullableKeys</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"price"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>append</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h5 id=244-删除-edgelabel>2.4.4 删除 EdgeLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>edgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>remove</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h5 id=245-查询-edgelabel>2.4.5 查询 EdgeLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 获取EdgeLabel对象 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getEdgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>)</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 获取property key属性 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getEdgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>frequency</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getEdgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>sourceLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getEdgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>targetLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getEdgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>sortKeys</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getEdgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>name</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getEdgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>properties</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getEdgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>nullableKeys</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getEdgeLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>userdata</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id=25-indexlabel>2.5 IndexLabel</h4><h5 id=251-接口及参数介绍>2.5.1 接口及参数介绍</h5><p>IndexLabel 用来定义索引类型，描述索引的约束信息，主要是为了方便查询。</p><p>IndexLabel 允许定义的约束信息包括：name、baseType、baseValue、indexFields、indexType，下面逐一介绍。</p><ul><li>name: 属性的名字，用来区分不同的 IndexLabel，不允许有同名的属性；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>param</th><th>must set</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>indexLabel(String name)</td><td>name</td><td>y</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li><p>baseType: 表示要为 VertexLabel 还是 EdgeLabel 建立索引, 与下面的 baseValue 配合使用；</p></li><li><p>baseValue: 指定要建立索引的 VertexLabel 或 EdgeLabel 的名称；</p></li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>param</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>onV(String baseValue)</td><td>baseValue</td><td>build index for VertexLabel: ‘baseValue’</td></tr><tr><td>onE(String baseValue)</td><td>baseValue</td><td>build index for EdgeLabel: ‘baseValue’</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>indexFields: 要在哪些属性上建立索引，可以是为多列建立联合索引；</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>param</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>by(String… fields)</td><td>files</td><td>allow to build index for multi fields for secondary index</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li>indexType: 建立的索引类型，目前支持五种，即 Secondary、Range、Search、Shard 和 Unique。<ul><li>Secondary 支持精确匹配的二级索引，允许建立联合索引，联合索引支持索引前缀搜索<ul><li>单个属性，支持相等查询，比如：person顶点的city属性的二级索引，可以用<code>g.V().has("city", "北京") </code>查询"city属性值是北京"的全部顶点</li><li>联合索引，支持前缀查询和相等查询，比如：person顶点的city和street属性的联合索引，可以用<code>g.V().has ("city", "北京").has('street', '中关村街道') </code>查询"city属性值是北京且street属性值是中关村"的全部顶点，或者<code>g.V() .has("city", "北京")</code>查询"city属性值是北京"的全部顶点</li></ul><blockquote><p>secondary index的查询都是基于"是"或者"相等"的查询条件，不支持"部分匹配"</p></blockquote></li><li>Range 支持数值类型的范围查询<ul><li>必须是单个数字或者日期属性，比如：person顶点的age属性的范围索引，可以用<code>g.V().has("age", P.gt(18)) </code>查询"age属性值大于18"的顶点。除了<code>P.gt()</code>以外，还支持<code>P.gte()</code>, <code>P.lte()</code>, <code>P.lt()</code>, |
| <code>P.eq()</code>, <code>P.between()</code>, <code>P.inside()</code>和<code>P.outside()</code>等</li></ul></li><li>Search 支持全文检索的索引<ul><li>必须是单个文本属性，比如：person顶点的address属性的全文索引，可以用<code>g.V().has("address", Text .contains('大厦')</code>查询"address属性中包含大厦"的全部顶点</li></ul><blockquote><p>search index的查询是基于"是"或者"包含"的查询条件</p></blockquote></li><li>Shard 支持前缀匹配 + 数字范围查询的索引<ul><li>N个属性的分片索引，支持前缀相等情况下的范围查询，比如：person顶点的city和age属性的分片索引，可以用<code>g.V().has ("city", "北京").has("age", P.between(18, 30)) </code>查询"city属性是北京且年龄大于等于18小于30"的全部顶点</li><li>shard index N个属性全是文本属性时，等价于secondary index</li><li>shard index只有单个数字或者日期属性时，等价于range index</li></ul><blockquote><p>shard index可以有任意数字或者日期属性，但是查询时最多只能提供一个范围查找条件，且该范围查找条件的属性的前缀属性都是相等查询条件</p></blockquote></li><li>Unique 支持属性值唯一性约束，即可以限定属性的值不重复，允许联合索引，但不支持查询<ul><li>单个或者多个属性的唯一性索引，不可用来查询，只可对属性的值进行限定，当出现重复值时将报错</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>interface</th><th>indexType</th><th>description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>secondary()</td><td>Secondary</td><td>support prefix search</td></tr><tr><td>range()</td><td>Range</td><td>support range(numeric or date type) search</td></tr><tr><td>search()</td><td>Search</td><td>support full text search</td></tr><tr><td>shard()</td><td>Shard</td><td>support prefix + range(numeric or date type) search</td></tr><tr><td>unique()</td><td>Unique</td><td>support unique props value, not support search</td></tr></tbody></table><h5 id=252-创建-indexlabel>2.5.2 创建 IndexLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>indexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByAge"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>onV</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>by</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"age"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>range</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>indexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"createdByDate"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>onE</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"created"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>by</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"date"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>secondary</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>indexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByLived"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>onE</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>by</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"lived"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>search</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>indexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByCityAndAge"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>onV</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>by</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"city"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"age"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>shard</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>indexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personById"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>onV</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>by</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"id"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>unique</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>ifNotExist</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>().</span><span style=color:#c4a000>create</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>();</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h5 id=253-删除-indexlabel>2.5.3 删除 IndexLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>indexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByAge"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>remove</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h5 id=254-查询-indexlabel>2.5.4 查询 IndexLabel</h5><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 获取IndexLabel对象 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getIndexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByAge"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>)</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic>// 获取property key属性 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#8f5902;font-style:italic></span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getIndexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByAge"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>baseType</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getIndexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByAge"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>baseValue</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getIndexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByAge"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>indexFields</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getIndexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByAge"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>indexType</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>schema</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>getIndexLabel</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"personByAge"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>).</span><span style=color:#c4a000>name</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>()</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id=3-图数据>3 图数据</h3><h4 id=31-vertex>3.1 Vertex</h4><p>顶点是构成图的最基本元素，一个图中可以有非常多的顶点。下面给出一个添加顶点的例子：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>Vertex</span> <span style=color:#000>marko</span> <span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>=</span> <span style=color:#000>graph</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>addVertex</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#000>T</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>label</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"person"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"marko"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"age"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#000>29</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>Vertex</span> <span style=color:#000>lop</span> <span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>=</span> <span style=color:#000>graph</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>addVertex</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#000>T</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>label</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"software"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"name"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"lop"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"lang"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"java"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"price"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#000>328</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>);</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><ul><li>添加顶点的关键是顶点属性，添加顶点函数的参数个数必须为偶数，且满足<code>key1 -> val1, key2 -> val2 ···</code>的顺序排列，键值对之间的顺序是自由的。</li><li>参数中必须包含一对特殊的键值对，就是<code>T.label -> "val"</code>，用来定义该顶点的类别，以便于程序从缓存或后端获取到该VertexLabel的schema定义，然后做后续的约束检查。例子中的label定义为person。</li><li>如果顶点类型的 Id 策略为 <code>AUTOMATIC</code>，则不允许用户传入 id 键值对。</li><li>如果顶点类型的 Id 策略为 <code>CUSTOMIZE_STRING</code>，则用户需要自己传入 String 类型 id 的值，键值对形如：<code>"T.id", "123456"</code>。</li><li>如果顶点类型的 Id 策略为 <code>CUSTOMIZE_NUMBER</code>，则用户需要自己传入 Number 类型 id 的值，键值对形如：<code>"T.id", 123456</code>。</li><li>如果顶点类型的 Id 策略为 <code>PRIMARY_KEY</code>，参数还必须全部包含该<code>primaryKeys</code>对应属性的名和值，如果不设置会抛出异常。比如之前<code>person</code>的<code>primaryKeys</code>是<code>name</code>，例子中就设置了<code>name</code>的值为<code>marko</code>。</li><li>对于非 nullableKeys 的属性，必须要赋值。</li><li>剩下的参数就是顶点其他属性的设置，但并非必须。</li><li>调用<code>addVertex</code>方法后，顶点会立刻被插入到后端存储系统中。</li></ul><h4 id=32-edge>3.2 Edge</h4><p>有了点，还需要边才能构成完整的图。下面给出一个添加边的例子：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=background-color:#f8f8f8;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#000>Edge</span> <span style=color:#000>knows1</span> <span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>=</span> <span style=color:#000>marko</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>.</span><span style=color:#c4a000>addEdge</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>(</span><span style=color:#4e9a06>"knows"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#000>vadas</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"city"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>,</span> <span style=color:#4e9a06>"Beijing"</span><span style=color:#ce5c00;font-weight:700>);</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><ul><li>由（源）顶点来调用添加边的函数，函数第一个参数为边的label，第二个参数是目标顶点，这两个参数的位置和顺序是固定的。后续的参数就是<code>key1 -> val1, key2 -> val2 ···</code>的顺序排列，设置边的属性，键值对顺序自由。</li><li>源顶点和目标顶点必须符合 EdgeLabel 中 source-label 和 target-label 的定义，不能随意添加。</li><li>对于非 nullableKeys 的属性，必须要赋值。</li></ul><p><strong>注意：当frequency为multiple时必须要设置sortKeys对应属性类型的值。</strong></p><h3 id=4-简单示例>4 简单示例</h3><p>简单示例见<a href=/docs/quickstart/hugegraph-client>HugeGraph-Client</a></p><style>.feedback--answer{display:inline-block}.feedback--answer-no{margin-left:1em}.feedback--response{display:none;margin-top:1em}.feedback--response__visible{display:block}</style><script>const yesButton=document.querySelector(".feedback--answer-yes"),noButton=document.querySelector(".feedback--answer-no"),yesResponse=document.querySelector(".feedback--response-yes"),noResponse=document.querySelector(".feedback--response-no"),disableButtons=()=>{yesButton.disabled=!0,noButton.disabled=!0},sendFeedback=e=>{if(typeof 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