blob: 7a2b3d366414f2dc15b5dc3181a76714750339b7 [file] [log] [blame]
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import functools
import logging
import ntpath
import os
import string
import sys
from collections import namedtuple
import six
import yaml
from cached_property import cached_property
from ..const import COMPOSEFILE_V1 as V1
from ..const import COMPOSEFILE_V2_0 as V2_0
from ..utils import build_string_dict
from .environment import env_vars_from_file
from .environment import Environment
from .environment import split_env
from .errors import CircularReference
from .errors import ComposeFileNotFound
from .errors import ConfigurationError
from .errors import VERSION_EXPLANATION
from .interpolation import interpolate_environment_variables
from .sort_services import get_container_name_from_network_mode
from .sort_services import get_service_name_from_network_mode
from .sort_services import sort_service_dicts
from .types import parse_extra_hosts
from .types import parse_restart_spec
from .types import ServiceLink
from .types import VolumeFromSpec
from .types import VolumeSpec
from .validation import match_named_volumes
from .validation import validate_against_config_schema
from .validation import validate_config_section
from .validation import validate_depends_on
from .validation import validate_extends_file_path
from .validation import validate_links
from .validation import validate_network_mode
from .validation import validate_service_constraints
from .validation import validate_top_level_object
from .validation import validate_ulimits
DOCKER_CONFIG_KEYS = [
'cap_add',
'cap_drop',
'cgroup_parent',
'command',
'cpu_quota',
'cpu_shares',
'cpuset',
'detach',
'devices',
'dns',
'dns_search',
'domainname',
'entrypoint',
'env_file',
'environment',
'extra_hosts',
'hostname',
'image',
'ipc',
'labels',
'links',
'mac_address',
'mem_limit',
'memswap_limit',
'net',
'pid',
'ports',
'privileged',
'read_only',
'restart',
'security_opt',
'shm_size',
'stdin_open',
'stop_signal',
'tty',
'user',
'volume_driver',
'volumes',
'volumes_from',
'working_dir',
]
ALLOWED_KEYS = DOCKER_CONFIG_KEYS + [
'build',
'container_name',
'dockerfile',
'log_driver',
'log_opt',
'logging',
'network_mode',
]
DOCKER_VALID_URL_PREFIXES = (
'http://',
'https://',
'git://',
'github.com/',
'git@',
)
SUPPORTED_FILENAMES = [
'docker-compose.yml',
'docker-compose.yaml',
]
DEFAULT_OVERRIDE_FILENAME = 'docker-compose.override.yml'
log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class ConfigDetails(namedtuple('_ConfigDetails', 'working_dir config_files environment')):
"""
:param working_dir: the directory to use for relative paths in the config
:type working_dir: string
:param config_files: list of configuration files to load
:type config_files: list of :class:`ConfigFile`
:param environment: computed environment values for this project
:type environment: :class:`environment.Environment`
"""
def __new__(cls, working_dir, config_files, environment=None):
if environment is None:
environment = Environment.from_env_file(working_dir)
return super(ConfigDetails, cls).__new__(
cls, working_dir, config_files, environment
)
class ConfigFile(namedtuple('_ConfigFile', 'filename config')):
"""
:param filename: filename of the config file
:type filename: string
:param config: contents of the config file
:type config: :class:`dict`
"""
@classmethod
def from_filename(cls, filename):
return cls(filename, load_yaml(filename))
@cached_property
def version(self):
if 'version' not in self.config:
return V1
version = self.config['version']
if isinstance(version, dict):
log.warn('Unexpected type for "version" key in "{}". Assuming '
'"version" is the name of a service, and defaulting to '
'Compose file version 1.'.format(self.filename))
return V1
if not isinstance(version, six.string_types):
raise ConfigurationError(
'Version in "{}" is invalid - it should be a string.'
.format(self.filename))
if version == '1':
raise ConfigurationError(
'Version in "{}" is invalid. {}'
.format(self.filename, VERSION_EXPLANATION))
if version == '2':
version = V2_0
if version != V2_0:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Version in "{}" is unsupported. {}'
.format(self.filename, VERSION_EXPLANATION))
return version
def get_service(self, name):
return self.get_service_dicts()[name]
def get_service_dicts(self):
return self.config if self.version == V1 else self.config.get('services', {})
def get_volumes(self):
return {} if self.version == V1 else self.config.get('volumes', {})
def get_networks(self):
return {} if self.version == V1 else self.config.get('networks', {})
class Config(namedtuple('_Config', 'version services volumes networks')):
"""
:param version: configuration version
:type version: int
:param services: List of service description dictionaries
:type services: :class:`list`
:param volumes: Dictionary mapping volume names to description dictionaries
:type volumes: :class:`dict`
:param networks: Dictionary mapping network names to description dictionaries
:type networks: :class:`dict`
"""
class ServiceConfig(namedtuple('_ServiceConfig', 'working_dir filename name config')):
@classmethod
def with_abs_paths(cls, working_dir, filename, name, config):
if not working_dir:
raise ValueError("No working_dir for ServiceConfig.")
return cls(
os.path.abspath(working_dir),
os.path.abspath(filename) if filename else filename,
name,
config)
def find(base_dir, filenames, environment):
if filenames == ['-']:
return ConfigDetails(
os.getcwd(),
[ConfigFile(None, yaml.safe_load(sys.stdin))],
environment
)
if filenames:
filenames = [os.path.join(base_dir, f) for f in filenames]
else:
filenames = get_default_config_files(base_dir)
log.debug("Using configuration files: {}".format(",".join(filenames)))
return ConfigDetails(
os.path.dirname(filenames[0]),
[ConfigFile.from_filename(f) for f in filenames],
environment
)
def validate_config_version(config_files):
main_file = config_files[0]
validate_top_level_object(main_file)
for next_file in config_files[1:]:
validate_top_level_object(next_file)
if main_file.version != next_file.version:
raise ConfigurationError(
"Version mismatch: file {0} specifies version {1} but "
"extension file {2} uses version {3}".format(
main_file.filename,
main_file.version,
next_file.filename,
next_file.version))
def get_default_config_files(base_dir):
(candidates, path) = find_candidates_in_parent_dirs(SUPPORTED_FILENAMES, base_dir)
if not candidates:
raise ComposeFileNotFound(SUPPORTED_FILENAMES)
winner = candidates[0]
if len(candidates) > 1:
log.warn("Found multiple config files with supported names: %s", ", ".join(candidates))
log.warn("Using %s\n", winner)
return [os.path.join(path, winner)] + get_default_override_file(path)
def get_default_override_file(path):
override_filename = os.path.join(path, DEFAULT_OVERRIDE_FILENAME)
return [override_filename] if os.path.exists(override_filename) else []
def find_candidates_in_parent_dirs(filenames, path):
"""
Given a directory path to start, looks for filenames in the
directory, and then each parent directory successively,
until found.
Returns tuple (candidates, path).
"""
candidates = [filename for filename in filenames
if os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, filename))]
if not candidates:
parent_dir = os.path.join(path, '..')
if os.path.abspath(parent_dir) != os.path.abspath(path):
return find_candidates_in_parent_dirs(filenames, parent_dir)
return (candidates, path)
def load(config_details):
"""Load the configuration from a working directory and a list of
configuration files. Files are loaded in order, and merged on top
of each other to create the final configuration.
Return a fully interpolated, extended and validated configuration.
"""
validate_config_version(config_details.config_files)
processed_files = [
process_config_file(config_file, config_details.environment)
for config_file in config_details.config_files
]
config_details = config_details._replace(config_files=processed_files)
main_file = config_details.config_files[0]
volumes = load_mapping(
config_details.config_files, 'get_volumes', 'Volume'
)
networks = load_mapping(
config_details.config_files, 'get_networks', 'Network'
)
service_dicts = load_services(config_details, main_file)
if main_file.version != V1:
for service_dict in service_dicts:
match_named_volumes(service_dict, volumes)
return Config(main_file.version, service_dicts, volumes, networks)
def load_mapping(config_files, get_func, entity_type):
mapping = {}
for config_file in config_files:
for name, config in getattr(config_file, get_func)().items():
mapping[name] = config or {}
if not config:
continue
external = config.get('external')
if external:
if len(config.keys()) > 1:
raise ConfigurationError(
'{} {} declared as external but specifies'
' additional attributes ({}). '.format(
entity_type,
name,
', '.join([k for k in config.keys() if k != 'external'])
)
)
if isinstance(external, dict):
config['external_name'] = external.get('name')
else:
config['external_name'] = name
mapping[name] = config
if 'driver_opts' in config:
config['driver_opts'] = build_string_dict(
config['driver_opts']
)
return mapping
def load_services(config_details, config_file):
def build_service(service_name, service_dict, service_names):
service_config = ServiceConfig.with_abs_paths(
config_details.working_dir,
config_file.filename,
service_name,
service_dict)
resolver = ServiceExtendsResolver(
service_config, config_file, environment=config_details.environment
)
service_dict = process_service(resolver.run())
service_config = service_config._replace(config=service_dict)
validate_service(service_config, service_names, config_file.version)
service_dict = finalize_service(
service_config,
service_names,
config_file.version,
config_details.environment)
return service_dict
def build_services(service_config):
service_names = service_config.keys()
return sort_service_dicts([
build_service(name, service_dict, service_names)
for name, service_dict in service_config.items()
])
def merge_services(base, override):
all_service_names = set(base) | set(override)
return {
name: merge_service_dicts_from_files(
base.get(name, {}),
override.get(name, {}),
config_file.version)
for name in all_service_names
}
service_configs = [
file.get_service_dicts() for file in config_details.config_files
]
service_config = service_configs[0]
for next_config in service_configs[1:]:
service_config = merge_services(service_config, next_config)
return build_services(service_config)
def interpolate_config_section(filename, config, section, environment):
validate_config_section(filename, config, section)
return interpolate_environment_variables(config, section, environment)
def process_config_file(config_file, environment, service_name=None):
services = interpolate_config_section(
config_file.filename,
config_file.get_service_dicts(),
'service',
environment,)
if config_file.version == V2_0:
processed_config = dict(config_file.config)
processed_config['services'] = services
processed_config['volumes'] = interpolate_config_section(
config_file.filename,
config_file.get_volumes(),
'volume',
environment,)
processed_config['networks'] = interpolate_config_section(
config_file.filename,
config_file.get_networks(),
'network',
environment,)
if config_file.version == V1:
processed_config = services
config_file = config_file._replace(config=processed_config)
validate_against_config_schema(config_file)
if service_name and service_name not in services:
raise ConfigurationError(
"Cannot extend service '{}' in {}: Service not found".format(
service_name, config_file.filename))
return config_file
class ServiceExtendsResolver(object):
def __init__(self, service_config, config_file, environment, already_seen=None):
self.service_config = service_config
self.working_dir = service_config.working_dir
self.already_seen = already_seen or []
self.config_file = config_file
self.environment = environment
@property
def signature(self):
return self.service_config.filename, self.service_config.name
def detect_cycle(self):
if self.signature in self.already_seen:
raise CircularReference(self.already_seen + [self.signature])
def run(self):
self.detect_cycle()
if 'extends' in self.service_config.config:
service_dict = self.resolve_extends(*self.validate_and_construct_extends())
return self.service_config._replace(config=service_dict)
return self.service_config
def validate_and_construct_extends(self):
extends = self.service_config.config['extends']
if not isinstance(extends, dict):
extends = {'service': extends}
config_path = self.get_extended_config_path(extends)
service_name = extends['service']
extends_file = ConfigFile.from_filename(config_path)
validate_config_version([self.config_file, extends_file])
extended_file = process_config_file(
extends_file, self.environment, service_name=service_name
)
service_config = extended_file.get_service(service_name)
return config_path, service_config, service_name
def resolve_extends(self, extended_config_path, service_dict, service_name):
resolver = ServiceExtendsResolver(
ServiceConfig.with_abs_paths(
os.path.dirname(extended_config_path),
extended_config_path,
service_name,
service_dict),
self.config_file,
already_seen=self.already_seen + [self.signature],
environment=self.environment
)
service_config = resolver.run()
other_service_dict = process_service(service_config)
validate_extended_service_dict(
other_service_dict,
extended_config_path,
service_name)
return merge_service_dicts(
other_service_dict,
self.service_config.config,
self.config_file.version)
def get_extended_config_path(self, extends_options):
"""Service we are extending either has a value for 'file' set, which we
need to obtain a full path too or we are extending from a service
defined in our own file.
"""
filename = self.service_config.filename
validate_extends_file_path(
self.service_config.name,
extends_options,
filename)
if 'file' in extends_options:
return expand_path(self.working_dir, extends_options['file'])
return filename
def resolve_environment(service_dict, environment=None):
"""Unpack any environment variables from an env_file, if set.
Interpolate environment values if set.
"""
env = {}
for env_file in service_dict.get('env_file', []):
env.update(env_vars_from_file(env_file))
env.update(parse_environment(service_dict.get('environment')))
return dict(resolve_env_var(k, v, environment) for k, v in six.iteritems(env))
def resolve_build_args(build, environment):
args = parse_build_arguments(build.get('args'))
return dict(resolve_env_var(k, v, environment) for k, v in six.iteritems(args))
def validate_extended_service_dict(service_dict, filename, service):
error_prefix = "Cannot extend service '%s' in %s:" % (service, filename)
if 'links' in service_dict:
raise ConfigurationError(
"%s services with 'links' cannot be extended" % error_prefix)
if 'volumes_from' in service_dict:
raise ConfigurationError(
"%s services with 'volumes_from' cannot be extended" % error_prefix)
if 'net' in service_dict:
if get_container_name_from_network_mode(service_dict['net']):
raise ConfigurationError(
"%s services with 'net: container' cannot be extended" % error_prefix)
if 'network_mode' in service_dict:
if get_service_name_from_network_mode(service_dict['network_mode']):
raise ConfigurationError(
"%s services with 'network_mode: service' cannot be extended" % error_prefix)
if 'depends_on' in service_dict:
raise ConfigurationError(
"%s services with 'depends_on' cannot be extended" % error_prefix)
def validate_service(service_config, service_names, version):
service_dict, service_name = service_config.config, service_config.name
validate_service_constraints(service_dict, service_name, version)
validate_paths(service_dict)
validate_ulimits(service_config)
validate_network_mode(service_config, service_names)
validate_depends_on(service_config, service_names)
validate_links(service_config, service_names)
if not service_dict.get('image') and has_uppercase(service_name):
raise ConfigurationError(
"Service '{name}' contains uppercase characters which are not valid "
"as part of an image name. Either use a lowercase service name or "
"use the `image` field to set a custom name for the service image."
.format(name=service_name))
def process_service(service_config):
working_dir = service_config.working_dir
service_dict = dict(service_config.config)
if 'env_file' in service_dict:
service_dict['env_file'] = [
expand_path(working_dir, path)
for path in to_list(service_dict['env_file'])
]
if 'build' in service_dict:
if isinstance(service_dict['build'], six.string_types):
service_dict['build'] = resolve_build_path(working_dir, service_dict['build'])
elif isinstance(service_dict['build'], dict) and 'context' in service_dict['build']:
path = service_dict['build']['context']
service_dict['build']['context'] = resolve_build_path(working_dir, path)
if 'volumes' in service_dict and service_dict.get('volume_driver') is None:
service_dict['volumes'] = resolve_volume_paths(working_dir, service_dict)
if 'labels' in service_dict:
service_dict['labels'] = parse_labels(service_dict['labels'])
if 'extra_hosts' in service_dict:
service_dict['extra_hosts'] = parse_extra_hosts(service_dict['extra_hosts'])
for field in ['dns', 'dns_search', 'tmpfs']:
if field in service_dict:
service_dict[field] = to_list(service_dict[field])
return service_dict
def finalize_service(service_config, service_names, version, environment):
service_dict = dict(service_config.config)
if 'environment' in service_dict or 'env_file' in service_dict:
service_dict['environment'] = resolve_environment(service_dict, environment)
service_dict.pop('env_file', None)
if 'volumes_from' in service_dict:
service_dict['volumes_from'] = [
VolumeFromSpec.parse(vf, service_names, version)
for vf in service_dict['volumes_from']
]
if 'volumes' in service_dict:
service_dict['volumes'] = [
VolumeSpec.parse(v) for v in service_dict['volumes']]
if 'net' in service_dict:
network_mode = service_dict.pop('net')
container_name = get_container_name_from_network_mode(network_mode)
if container_name and container_name in service_names:
service_dict['network_mode'] = 'service:{}'.format(container_name)
else:
service_dict['network_mode'] = network_mode
if 'networks' in service_dict:
service_dict['networks'] = parse_networks(service_dict['networks'])
if 'restart' in service_dict:
service_dict['restart'] = parse_restart_spec(service_dict['restart'])
normalize_build(service_dict, service_config.working_dir, environment)
service_dict['name'] = service_config.name
return normalize_v1_service_format(service_dict)
def normalize_v1_service_format(service_dict):
if 'log_driver' in service_dict or 'log_opt' in service_dict:
if 'logging' not in service_dict:
service_dict['logging'] = {}
if 'log_driver' in service_dict:
service_dict['logging']['driver'] = service_dict['log_driver']
del service_dict['log_driver']
if 'log_opt' in service_dict:
service_dict['logging']['options'] = service_dict['log_opt']
del service_dict['log_opt']
if 'dockerfile' in service_dict:
service_dict['build'] = service_dict.get('build', {})
service_dict['build'].update({
'dockerfile': service_dict.pop('dockerfile')
})
return service_dict
def merge_service_dicts_from_files(base, override, version):
"""When merging services from multiple files we need to merge the `extends`
field. This is not handled by `merge_service_dicts()` which is used to
perform the `extends`.
"""
new_service = merge_service_dicts(base, override, version)
if 'extends' in override:
new_service['extends'] = override['extends']
elif 'extends' in base:
new_service['extends'] = base['extends']
return new_service
class MergeDict(dict):
"""A dict-like object responsible for merging two dicts into one."""
def __init__(self, base, override):
self.base = base
self.override = override
def needs_merge(self, field):
return field in self.base or field in self.override
def merge_field(self, field, merge_func, default=None):
if not self.needs_merge(field):
return
self[field] = merge_func(
self.base.get(field, default),
self.override.get(field, default))
def merge_mapping(self, field, parse_func):
if not self.needs_merge(field):
return
self[field] = parse_func(self.base.get(field))
self[field].update(parse_func(self.override.get(field)))
def merge_sequence(self, field, parse_func):
def parse_sequence_func(seq):
return to_mapping((parse_func(item) for item in seq), 'merge_field')
if not self.needs_merge(field):
return
merged = parse_sequence_func(self.base.get(field, []))
merged.update(parse_sequence_func(self.override.get(field, [])))
self[field] = [item.repr() for item in sorted(merged.values())]
def merge_scalar(self, field):
if self.needs_merge(field):
self[field] = self.override.get(field, self.base.get(field))
def merge_service_dicts(base, override, version):
md = MergeDict(base, override)
md.merge_mapping('environment', parse_environment)
md.merge_mapping('labels', parse_labels)
md.merge_mapping('ulimits', parse_ulimits)
md.merge_mapping('networks', parse_networks)
md.merge_sequence('links', ServiceLink.parse)
for field in ['volumes', 'devices']:
md.merge_field(field, merge_path_mappings)
for field in [
'ports', 'cap_add', 'cap_drop', 'expose', 'external_links',
'security_opt', 'volumes_from', 'depends_on',
]:
md.merge_field(field, merge_unique_items_lists, default=[])
for field in ['dns', 'dns_search', 'env_file', 'tmpfs']:
md.merge_field(field, merge_list_or_string)
for field in set(ALLOWED_KEYS) - set(md):
md.merge_scalar(field)
if version == V1:
legacy_v1_merge_image_or_build(md, base, override)
elif md.needs_merge('build'):
md['build'] = merge_build(md, base, override)
return dict(md)
def merge_unique_items_lists(base, override):
return sorted(set().union(base, override))
def merge_build(output, base, override):
def to_dict(service):
build_config = service.get('build', {})
if isinstance(build_config, six.string_types):
return {'context': build_config}
return build_config
md = MergeDict(to_dict(base), to_dict(override))
md.merge_scalar('context')
md.merge_scalar('dockerfile')
md.merge_mapping('args', parse_build_arguments)
return dict(md)
def legacy_v1_merge_image_or_build(output, base, override):
output.pop('image', None)
output.pop('build', None)
if 'image' in override:
output['image'] = override['image']
elif 'build' in override:
output['build'] = override['build']
elif 'image' in base:
output['image'] = base['image']
elif 'build' in base:
output['build'] = base['build']
def merge_environment(base, override):
env = parse_environment(base)
env.update(parse_environment(override))
return env
def split_label(label):
if '=' in label:
return label.split('=', 1)
else:
return label, ''
def parse_dict_or_list(split_func, type_name, arguments):
if not arguments:
return {}
if isinstance(arguments, list):
return dict(split_func(e) for e in arguments)
if isinstance(arguments, dict):
return dict(arguments)
raise ConfigurationError(
"%s \"%s\" must be a list or mapping," %
(type_name, arguments)
)
parse_build_arguments = functools.partial(parse_dict_or_list, split_env, 'build arguments')
parse_environment = functools.partial(parse_dict_or_list, split_env, 'environment')
parse_labels = functools.partial(parse_dict_or_list, split_label, 'labels')
parse_networks = functools.partial(parse_dict_or_list, lambda k: (k, None), 'networks')
def parse_ulimits(ulimits):
if not ulimits:
return {}
if isinstance(ulimits, dict):
return dict(ulimits)
def resolve_env_var(key, val, environment):
if val is not None:
return key, val
elif environment and key in environment:
return key, environment[key]
else:
return key, None
def resolve_volume_paths(working_dir, service_dict):
return [
resolve_volume_path(working_dir, volume)
for volume in service_dict['volumes']
]
def resolve_volume_path(working_dir, volume):
container_path, host_path = split_path_mapping(volume)
if host_path is not None:
if host_path.startswith('.'):
host_path = expand_path(working_dir, host_path)
host_path = os.path.expanduser(host_path)
return u"{}:{}".format(host_path, container_path)
else:
return container_path
def normalize_build(service_dict, working_dir, environment):
if 'build' in service_dict:
build = {}
# Shortcut where specifying a string is treated as the build context
if isinstance(service_dict['build'], six.string_types):
build['context'] = service_dict.pop('build')
else:
build.update(service_dict['build'])
if 'args' in build:
build['args'] = build_string_dict(
resolve_build_args(build, environment)
)
service_dict['build'] = build
def resolve_build_path(working_dir, build_path):
if is_url(build_path):
return build_path
return expand_path(working_dir, build_path)
def is_url(build_path):
return build_path.startswith(DOCKER_VALID_URL_PREFIXES)
def validate_paths(service_dict):
if 'build' in service_dict:
build = service_dict.get('build', {})
if isinstance(build, six.string_types):
build_path = build
elif isinstance(build, dict) and 'context' in build:
build_path = build['context']
else:
# We have a build section but no context, so nothing to validate
return
if (
not is_url(build_path) and
(not os.path.exists(build_path) or not os.access(build_path, os.R_OK))
):
raise ConfigurationError(
"build path %s either does not exist, is not accessible, "
"or is not a valid URL." % build_path)
def merge_path_mappings(base, override):
d = dict_from_path_mappings(base)
d.update(dict_from_path_mappings(override))
return path_mappings_from_dict(d)
def dict_from_path_mappings(path_mappings):
if path_mappings:
return dict(split_path_mapping(v) for v in path_mappings)
else:
return {}
def path_mappings_from_dict(d):
return [join_path_mapping(v) for v in sorted(d.items())]
def split_path_mapping(volume_path):
"""
Ascertain if the volume_path contains a host path as well as a container
path. Using splitdrive so windows absolute paths won't cause issues with
splitting on ':'.
"""
# splitdrive is very naive, so handle special cases where we can be sure
# the first character is not a drive.
if (volume_path.startswith('.') or volume_path.startswith('~') or
volume_path.startswith('/')):
drive, volume_config = '', volume_path
else:
drive, volume_config = ntpath.splitdrive(volume_path)
if ':' in volume_config:
(host, container) = volume_config.split(':', 1)
return (container, drive + host)
else:
return (volume_path, None)
def join_path_mapping(pair):
(container, host) = pair
if host is None:
return container
else:
return ":".join((host, container))
def expand_path(working_dir, path):
return os.path.abspath(os.path.join(working_dir, os.path.expanduser(path)))
def merge_list_or_string(base, override):
return to_list(base) + to_list(override)
def to_list(value):
if value is None:
return []
elif isinstance(value, six.string_types):
return [value]
else:
return value
def to_mapping(sequence, key_field):
return {getattr(item, key_field): item for item in sequence}
def has_uppercase(name):
return any(char in string.ascii_uppercase for char in name)
def load_yaml(filename):
try:
with open(filename, 'r') as fh:
return yaml.safe_load(fh)
except (IOError, yaml.YAMLError) as e:
error_name = getattr(e, '__module__', '') + '.' + e.__class__.__name__
raise ConfigurationError(u"{}: {}".format(error_name, e))