api/src/main/java/org/apache/iceberg/RowDelta.java

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
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 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

package org.apache.iceberg;

import org.apache.iceberg.expressions.Expression;

/**
 * API for encoding row-level changes to a table.
 * <p>
 * This API accumulates data and delete file changes, produces a new {@link Snapshot} of the table, and commits
 * that snapshot as the current.
 * <p>
 * When committing, these changes will be applied to the latest table snapshot. Commit conflicts
 * will be resolved by applying the changes to the new latest snapshot and reattempting the commit.
 */
public interface RowDelta extends SnapshotUpdate<RowDelta> {
  /**
   * Add a {@link DataFile} to the table.
   *
   * @param inserts a data file of rows to insert
   * @return this for method chaining
   */
  RowDelta addRows(DataFile inserts);

  /**
   * Add a {@link DeleteFile} to the table.
   *
   * @param deletes a delete file of rows to delete
   * @return this for method chaining
   */
  RowDelta addDeletes(DeleteFile deletes);

  /**
   * Set the snapshot ID used in any reads for this operation.
   * <p>
   * Validations will check changes after this snapshot ID. If the from snapshot is not set, all ancestor snapshots
   * through the table's initial snapshot are validated.
   *
   * @param snapshotId a snapshot ID
   * @return this for method chaining
   */
  RowDelta validateFromSnapshot(long snapshotId);

  /**
   * Enables or disables case sensitive expression binding for validations that accept expressions.
   *
   * @param caseSensitive whether expression binding should be case sensitive
   * @return this for method chaining
   */
  RowDelta caseSensitive(boolean caseSensitive);

  /**
   * Add data file paths that must not be removed by conflicting commits for this RowDelta to succeed.
   * <p>
   * If any path has been removed by a conflicting commit in the table since the snapshot passed to
   * {@link #validateFromSnapshot(long)}, the operation will fail with a
   * {@link org.apache.iceberg.exceptions.ValidationException}.
   * <p>
   * By default, this validation checks only rewrite and overwrite commits. To apply validation to delete commits, call
   * {@link #validateDeletedFiles()}.
   *
   * @param referencedFiles file paths that are referenced by a position delete file
   * @return this for method chaining
   */
  RowDelta validateDataFilesExist(Iterable<? extends CharSequence> referencedFiles);

  /**
   * Enable validation that referenced data files passed to {@link #validateDataFilesExist(Iterable)} have not been
   * removed by a delete operation.
   * <p>
   * If a data file has a row deleted using a position delete file, rewriting or overwriting the data file concurrently
   * would un-delete the row. Deleting the data file is normally allowed, but a delete may be part of a transaction
   * that reads and re-appends a row. This method is used to validate deletes for the transaction case.
   *
   * @return this for method chaining
   */
  RowDelta validateDeletedFiles();

  /**
   * Enables validation that files added concurrently do not conflict with this commit's operation.
   * <p>
   * This method should be called when the table is queried to determine which files to delete/append.
   * If a concurrent operation commits a new file after the data was read and that file might
   * contain rows matching the specified conflict detection filter, the overwrite operation
   * will detect this during retries and fail.
   * <p>
   * Calling this method with a correct conflict detection filter is required to maintain
   * serializable isolation for update/delete operations. Otherwise, the isolation level
   * will be snapshot isolation.
   * <p>
   * Validation applies to files added to the table since the snapshot passed to {@link #validateFromSnapshot(long)}.
   *
   * @param conflictDetectionFilter an expression on rows in the table
   * @return this for method chaining
   */
  RowDelta validateNoConflictingAppends(Expression conflictDetectionFilter);
}