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class="theme-doc-version-banner alert alert--warning margin-bottom--md" role="alert"><div>This is unreleased documentation for <!-- -->Apache Hudi<!-- --> <b>Next</b> version.</div><div class="margin-top--md">For up-to-date documentation, see the <b><a href="/cn/docs/precommit_validator">latest version</a></b> (<!-- -->0.14.1<!-- -->).</div></div><div class="docItemContainer_oiyr"><article><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: <!-- -->Next</span><div class="tocCollapsible_aw-L theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_Tx6Y"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_zr6a">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Data Quality</h1></header><p>Data quality refers to the overall accuracy, completeness, consistency, and validity of data. Ensuring data quality is vital for accurate analysis and reporting, as well as for compliance with regulations and maintaining trust in your organization's data infrastructure.</p><p>Hudi offers <strong>Pre-Commit Validators</strong> that allow you to ensure that your data meets certain data quality expectations as you are writing with Hudi Streamer or Spark Datasource writers.</p><p>To configure pre-commit validators, use this setting <code>hoodie.precommit.validators=<comma separated list of validator class names></code>.</p><p>Example:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_J+bg language-scala theme-code-block"><div class="codeBlockContent_csEI scala"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-scala codeBlock_rtdJ thin-scrollbar" style="color:#F8F8F2;background-color:#282A36"><code class="codeBlockLines_1zSZ"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">spark.write.format("hudi")</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> .option("hoodie.precommit.validators", "org.apache.hudi.client.validator.SqlQueryEqualityPreCommitValidator")</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_M3SB clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>Today you can use any of these validators and even have the flexibility to extend your own:</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_y2LR" id="sql-query-single-result">SQL Query Single Result<a class="hash-link" href="#sql-query-single-result" title="Direct link to heading"></a></h2><p><a href="https://github.com/apache/hudi/blob/bf5a52e51bbeaa089995335a0a4c55884792e505/hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/client/validator/SqlQuerySingleResultPreCommitValidator.java" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">org.apache.hudi.client.validator.SqlQuerySingleResultPreCommitValidator</a></p><p>The SQL Query Single Result validator can be used to validate that a query on the table results in a specific value. This validator allows you to run a SQL query and abort the commit if it does not match the expected output.</p><p>Multiple queries can be separated by <code>;</code> delimiter. Include the expected result as part of the query separated by <code>#</code>.</p><p>Syntax: <code>query1#result1;query2#result2</code></p><p>Example:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_J+bg language-scala theme-code-block"><div class="codeBlockContent_csEI scala"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-scala codeBlock_rtdJ thin-scrollbar" style="color:#F8F8F2;background-color:#282A36"><code class="codeBlockLines_1zSZ"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">// In this example, we set up a validator that expects there is no row with `col` column as `null`</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">import org.apache.hudi.config.HoodiePreCommitValidatorConfig._</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">df.write.format("hudi").mode(Overwrite).</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> option("hoodie.table.name", tableName).</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> option("hoodie.precommit.validators", "org.apache.hudi.client.validator.SqlQuerySingleResultPreCommitValidator").</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> option("hoodie.precommit.validators.single.value.sql.queries", "select count(*) from <TABLE_NAME> where col is null#0").</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> save(basePath)</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_M3SB clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_y2LR" id="sql-query-equality">SQL Query Equality<a class="hash-link" href="#sql-query-equality" title="Direct link to heading"></a></h2><p><a href="https://github.com/apache/hudi/blob/bf5a52e51bbeaa089995335a0a4c55884792e505/hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/client/validator/SqlQueryEqualityPreCommitValidator.java" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">org.apache.hudi.client.validator.SqlQueryEqualityPreCommitValidator</a></p><p>The SQL Query Equality validator runs a query before ingesting the data, then runs the same query after ingesting the data and confirms that both outputs match. This allows you to validate for equality of rows before and after the commit.</p><p>This validator is useful when you want to verify that your query does not change a specific subset of the data. Some examples:</p><ul><li>Validate that the number of null fields is the same before and after your query</li><li>Validate that there are no duplicate records after your query runs</li><li>Validate that you are only updating the data, and no inserts slip through</li></ul><p>Example:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_J+bg language-scala theme-code-block"><div class="codeBlockContent_csEI scala"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-scala codeBlock_rtdJ thin-scrollbar" style="color:#F8F8F2;background-color:#282A36"><code class="codeBlockLines_1zSZ"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">// In this example, we set up a validator that expects no change of null rows with the new commit</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">import org.apache.hudi.config.HoodiePreCommitValidatorConfig._</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">df.write.format("hudi").mode(Overwrite).</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> option("hoodie.table.name", tableName).</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> option("hoodie.precommit.validators", "org.apache.hudi.client.validator.SqlQueryEqualityPreCommitValidator").</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> option("hoodie.precommit.validators.equality.sql.queries", "select count(*) from <TABLE_NAME> where col is null").</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> save(basePath)</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_M3SB clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_y2LR" id="sql-query-inequality">SQL Query Inequality<a class="hash-link" href="#sql-query-inequality" title="Direct link to heading"></a></h2><p><a href="https://github.com/apache/hudi/blob/bf5a52e51bbeaa089995335a0a4c55884792e505/hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/client/validator/SqlQueryInequalityPreCommitValidator.java" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">org.apache.hudi.client.validator.SqlQueryInequalityPreCommitValidator</a></p><p>The SQL Query Inquality validator runs a query before ingesting the data, then runs the same query after ingesting the data and confirms that both outputs DO NOT match. This allows you to confirm changes in the rows before and after the commit.</p><p>Example:</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_J+bg language-scala theme-code-block"><div class="codeBlockContent_csEI scala"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-scala codeBlock_rtdJ thin-scrollbar" style="color:#F8F8F2;background-color:#282A36"><code class="codeBlockLines_1zSZ"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">// In this example, we set up a validator that expects a change of null rows with the new commit</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">import org.apache.hudi.config.HoodiePreCommitValidatorConfig._</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">df.write.format("hudi").mode(Overwrite).</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> option("hoodie.table.name", tableName).</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> option("hoodie.precommit.validators", "org.apache.hudi.client.validator.SqlQueryInequalityPreCommitValidator").</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> option("hoodie.precommit.validators.inequality.sql.queries", "select count(*) from <TABLE_NAME> where col is null").</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> save(basePath)</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_M3SB clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_y2LR" id="extend-custom-validator">Extend Custom Validator<a class="hash-link" href="#extend-custom-validator" title="Direct link to heading"></a></h2><p>Users can also provide their own implementations by extending the abstract class <a href="https://github.com/apache/hudi/blob/bf5a52e51bbeaa089995335a0a4c55884792e505/hudi-client/hudi-spark-client/src/main/java/org/apache/hudi/client/validator/SparkPreCommitValidator.java" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SparkPreCommitValidator</a> |
| and overriding this method</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_J+bg language-java theme-code-block"><div class="codeBlockContent_csEI java"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_rtdJ thin-scrollbar" style="color:#F8F8F2;background-color:#282A36"><code class="codeBlockLines_1zSZ"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">void validateRecordsBeforeAndAfter(Dataset<Row> before, </span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Dataset<Row> after, </span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Set<String> partitionsAffected)</span><br></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_M3SB clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_y2LR" id="additional-monitoring-with-notifications">Additional Monitoring with Notifications<a class="hash-link" href="#additional-monitoring-with-notifications" title="Direct link to heading"></a></h2><p>Hudi offers a <a href="/cn/docs/next/platform_services_post_commit_callback">commit notification service</a> that can be configured to trigger notifications about write commits.</p><p>The commit notification service can be combined with pre-commit validators to send a notification when a commit fails a validation. This is possible by passing details about the validation as a custom value to the HTTP endpoint.</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_y2LR" id="related-resources">Related Resources<a class="hash-link" href="#related-resources" title="Direct link to heading"></a></h2><h3>Videos</h3><ul><li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNzs9dj_Btc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Learn About Apache Hudi Pre Commit Validator with Hands on Lab</a></li></ul></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/apache/hudi/tree/asf-site/website/docs/precommit_validator.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_mS5F" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 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