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| <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> |
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| <div id="page-content"> |
| <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_cgi</h1> |
| <div class="toplang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_cgi.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
| <a href="../fr/mod/mod_cgi.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | |
| <a href="../ja/mod/mod_cgi.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | |
| <a href="../ko/mod/mod_cgi.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p> |
| </div> |
| <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Execution of CGI scripts</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>cgi_module</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_cgi.c</td></tr></table> |
| <h3>Summary</h3> |
| |
| <p>Any file that has the handler |
| <code>cgi-script</code> will be treated |
| as a CGI script, and run by the server, with its output being |
| returned to the client. Files acquire this handler either by |
| having a name containing an extension defined by the |
| <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code> directive, or by being |
| in a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code> |
| directory.</p> |
| |
| <p>For an introduction to using CGI scripts with Apache, see |
| our tutorial on <a href="../howto/cgi.html">Dynamic Content |
| With CGI</a>.</p> |
| |
| <p>When using a multi-threaded MPM under unix, the module |
| <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgid.html">mod_cgid</a></code> should be used in place of |
| this module. At the user level, the two modules are essentially |
| identical.</p> |
| |
| <p>For backward-compatibility, the cgi-script handler will also be activated |
| for any file with the mime-type <code>application/x-httpd-cgi</code>. The |
| use of the magic mime-type is deprecated.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><h3>Topics</h3> |
| <ul id="topics"> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#env">CGI Environment variables</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cgi-debug">CGI Debugging</a></li> |
| </ul><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3> |
| <ul id="toc"> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scriptlog">ScriptLog</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scriptlogbuffer">ScriptLogBuffer</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scriptloglength">ScriptLogLength</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| <h3>Bugfix checklist</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/CHANGES_2.4">httpd changelog</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?bug_status=__open__&list_id=144532&product=Apache%20httpd-2&query_format=specific&order=changeddate%20DESC%2Cpriority%2Cbug_severity&component=mod_cgi">Known issues</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?product=Apache%20httpd-2&component=mod_cgi">Report a bug</a></li></ul><h3>See also</h3> |
| <ul class="seealso"> |
| <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#acceptpathinfo">AcceptPathInfo</a></code></li> |
| <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> ExecCGI</li> |
| <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code></li> |
| <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code></li> |
| <li><a href="../suexec.html">Running CGI programs under different |
| user IDs</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3875">CGI Specification</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="env" id="env">CGI Environment variables</a></h2> |
| <p>The server will set the CGI environment variables as described |
| in the <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3875">CGI specification</a>, |
| with the following provisions:</p> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt>PATH_INFO</dt> |
| |
| <dd>This will not be available if the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#acceptpathinfo">AcceptPathInfo</a></code> directive is explicitly set to |
| <code>off</code>. The default behavior, if <code class="directive">AcceptPathInfo</code> is not given, is that <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code> will accept path info (trailing <code> |
| /more/path/info</code> following the script filename in the URI), |
| while the core server will return a 404 NOT FOUND error for requests |
| with additional path info. Omitting the <code class="directive">AcceptPathInfo</code> directive has the same effect as setting |
| it <code>On</code> for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code> requests.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>REMOTE_HOST</dt> |
| |
| <dd>This will only be set if <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#hostnamelookups">HostnameLookups</a></code> is set to <code>on</code> (it |
| is off by default), and if a reverse DNS lookup of the accessing |
| host's address indeed finds a host name.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>REMOTE_IDENT</dt> |
| |
| <dd>This will only be set if <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_ident.html#identitycheck">IdentityCheck</a></code> is set to |
| <code>on</code> and the accessing host supports the ident |
| protocol. Note that the contents of this variable cannot be |
| relied upon because it can easily be faked, and if there is a |
| proxy between the client and the server, it is usually |
| totally useless.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>REMOTE_USER</dt> |
| |
| <dd>This will only be set if the CGI script is subject to |
| authentication.</dd> |
| |
| </dl> |
| <p>This module also leverages the core functions |
| <a href="https://ci.apache.org/projects/httpd/trunk/doxygen/group__APACHE__CORE__SCRIPT.html#ga0e81f9571a8a73f5da0e89e1f46d34b1">ap_add_common_vars</a> and |
| <a href="https://ci.apache.org/projects/httpd/trunk/doxygen/group__APACHE__CORE__SCRIPT.html#ga6b975cd7ff27a338cb8752381a4cc14f">ap_add_cgi_vars</a> |
| to add environment variables like:</p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt>DOCUMENT_ROOT</dt> |
| |
| <dd>Set with the content of the related <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directive.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>SERVER_NAME</dt> |
| |
| <dd>The fully qualified domain name related to the request.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>SERVER_ADDR</dt> |
| |
| <dd>The IP address of the Virtual Host serving the request.</dd> |
| |
| <dt>SERVER_ADMIN</dt> |
| |
| <dd>Set with the content of the related <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveradmin">ServerAdmin</a></code> directive.</dd> |
| </dl> |
| <p>For an exhaustive list it is suggested to write a basic CGI script |
| that dumps all the environment variables passed by Apache in a convenient format. |
| </p> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="cgi-debug" id="cgi-debug">CGI Debugging</a></h2> |
| <p>Debugging CGI scripts has traditionally been difficult, mainly |
| because it has not been possible to study the output (standard |
| output and error) for scripts which are failing to run |
| properly. These directives provide more detailed logging of errors |
| when they occur.</p> |
| |
| <h3>CGI Logfile Format</h3> |
| <p>When configured, the CGI error log logs any CGI which does not |
| execute properly. Each CGI script which fails to operate causes |
| several lines of information to be logged. The first two lines |
| are always of the format:</p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><p><code> |
| %% [<var>time</var>] <var>request-line</var><br /> |
| %% <var>HTTP-status</var> <var>CGI-script-filename</var> |
| </code></p></div> |
| |
| <p>If the error is that CGI script cannot be run, the log file |
| will contain an extra two lines:</p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><p><code> |
| %%error<br /> |
| <var>error-message</var> |
| </code></p></div> |
| |
| <p>Alternatively, if the error is the result of the script |
| returning incorrect header information (often due to a bug in |
| the script), the following information is logged:</p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><p><code> |
| %request<br /> |
| <var>All HTTP request headers received</var><br /> |
| <var>POST or PUT entity (if any)</var><br /> |
| %response<br /> |
| <var>All headers output by the CGI script</var><br /> |
| %stdout<br /> |
| <var>CGI standard output</var><br /> |
| %stderr<br /> |
| <var>CGI standard error</var><br /> |
| </code></p></div> |
| |
| <p>(The %stdout and %stderr parts may be missing if the script did |
| not output anything on standard output or standard error).</p> |
| |
| </div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ScriptLog" id="ScriptLog">ScriptLog</a> <a name="scriptlog" id="scriptlog">Directive</a></h2> |
| <table class="directive"> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Location of the CGI script error logfile</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ScriptLog <var>file-path</var></code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgid.html">mod_cgid</a></code></td></tr> |
| </table> |
| <p>The <code class="directive">ScriptLog</code> directive sets the CGI |
| script error logfile. If no <code class="directive">ScriptLog</code> is given, |
| no error log is created. If given, any CGI errors are logged into the |
| filename given as argument. If this is a relative file or path it is |
| taken relative to the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code>. |
| </p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><pre class="prettyprint lang-config">ScriptLog logs/cgi_log</pre> |
| </div> |
| |
| <p>This log will be opened as the user the child processes run |
| as, <em>i.e.</em> the user specified in the main <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_unixd.html#user">User</a></code> directive. This means that |
| either the directory the script log is in needs to be writable |
| by that user or the file needs to be manually created and set |
| to be writable by that user. If you place the script log in |
| your main logs directory, do <strong>NOT</strong> change the |
| directory permissions to make it writable by the user the child |
| processes run as.</p> |
| |
| <p>Note that script logging is meant to be a debugging feature |
| when writing CGI scripts, and is not meant to be activated |
| continuously on running servers. It is not optimized for speed |
| or efficiency, and may have security problems if used in a |
| manner other than that for which it was designed.</p> |
| |
| </div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ScriptLogBuffer" id="ScriptLogBuffer">ScriptLogBuffer</a> <a name="scriptlogbuffer" id="scriptlogbuffer">Directive</a></h2> |
| <table class="directive"> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum amount of PUT or POST requests that will be recorded |
| in the scriptlog</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ScriptLogBuffer <var>bytes</var></code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>ScriptLogBuffer 1024</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgid.html">mod_cgid</a></code></td></tr> |
| </table> |
| <p>The size of any PUT or POST entity body that is logged to |
| the file is limited, to prevent the log file growing too big |
| too quickly if large bodies are being received. By default, up |
| to 1024 bytes are logged, but this can be changed with this |
| directive.</p> |
| |
| </div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ScriptLogLength" id="ScriptLogLength">ScriptLogLength</a> <a name="scriptloglength" id="scriptloglength">Directive</a></h2> |
| <table class="directive"> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Size limit of the CGI script logfile</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ScriptLogLength <var>bytes</var></code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>ScriptLogLength 10385760</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgid.html">mod_cgid</a></code></td></tr> |
| </table> |
| <p><code class="directive">ScriptLogLength</code> can be used to limit the |
| size of the CGI script logfile. Since the logfile logs a lot of |
| information per CGI error (all request headers, all script output) |
| it can grow to be a big file. To prevent problems due to unbounded |
| growth, this directive can be used to set an maximum file-size for |
| the CGI logfile. If the file exceeds this size, no more |
| information will be written to it.</p> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="bottomlang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_cgi.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
| <a href="../fr/mod/mod_cgi.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | |
| <a href="../ja/mod/mod_cgi.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | |
| <a href="../ko/mod/mod_cgi.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a></p> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="../images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Freenode, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div> |
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