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| <title>Multi-Processing Modules (MPMs) - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2</title> |
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| <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2</p> |
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| <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.2</a></div><div id="page-content"><div class="retired"><h4>Please note</h4> |
| <p>This document refers to the <strong>2.2</strong> version of Apache httpd, which is no longer maintained. The active release is documented <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current">here</a>. If you have not already upgraded, please follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/upgrading.html">this link</a> for more information.</p> |
| <p>You may follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mpm.html">this link</a> to go to the current version of this document.</p></div><div id="preamble"><h1>Multi-Processing Modules (MPMs)</h1> |
| <div class="toplang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/mpm.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | |
| <a href="./en/mpm.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
| <a href="./es/mpm.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> | |
| <a href="./fr/mpm.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | |
| <a href="./ja/mpm.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | |
| <a href="./ko/mpm.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | |
| <a href="./tr/mpm.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a> | |
| <a href="./zh-cn/mpm.html" hreflang="zh-cn" rel="alternate" title="Simplified Chinese"> zh-cn </a></p> |
| </div> |
| |
| <p>This document describes what a Multi-Processing Module is and |
| how they are used by the Apache HTTP Server.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#choosing">Choosing an MPM</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#defaults">MPM Defaults</a></li> |
| </ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="introduction" id="introduction">Introduction</a></h2> |
| |
| <p>The Apache HTTP Server is designed to be a powerful and |
| flexible web server that can work on a very wide variety of |
| platforms in a range of different environments. Different |
| platforms and different environments often require different |
| features, or may have different ways of implementing the same |
| feature most efficiently. Apache has always accommodated a wide |
| variety of environments through its modular design. This design |
| allows the webmaster to choose which features will be included |
| in the server by selecting which modules to load either at |
| compile-time or at run-time.</p> |
| |
| <p>Apache 2.0 extends this modular design to the most basic |
| functions of a web server. The server ships with a selection of |
| Multi-Processing Modules (MPMs) which are responsible for |
| binding to network ports on the machine, accepting requests, |
| and dispatching children to handle the requests.</p> |
| |
| <p>Extending the modular design to this level of the server |
| allows two important benefits:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>Apache can more cleanly and efficiently support a wide |
| variety of operating systems. In particular, the Windows |
| version of Apache is now much more efficient, since |
| <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> can use native |
| networking features in place of the POSIX layer used in |
| Apache 1.3. This benefit also extends to other operating |
| systems that implement specialized MPMs.</li> |
| |
| <li>The server can be better customized for the needs of the |
| particular site. For example, sites that need a great deal of |
| scalability can choose to use a threaded MPM like |
| <code class="module"><a href="./mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> or <code class="module"><a href="./mod/event.html">event</a></code>, while sites requiring |
| stability or compatibility with older software can use a |
| <code class="module"><a href="./mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>.</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p>At the user level, MPMs appear much like other Apache |
| modules. The main difference is that one and only one MPM must |
| be loaded into the server at any time. The list of available |
| MPMs appears on the <a href="mod/">module index page</a>.</p> |
| |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="choosing" id="choosing">Choosing an MPM</a></h2> |
| |
| <p>MPMs must be chosen during configuration, and compiled into |
| the server. Compilers are capable of optimizing a lot of |
| functions if threads are used, but only if they know that |
| threads are being used.</p> |
| |
| <p>To actually choose the desired MPM, use the argument |
| <code>--with-mpm=<em>NAME</em></code> with the |
| <code class="program"><a href="./programs/configure.html">configure</a></code> script. <em>NAME</em> is the name of the |
| desired MPM.</p> |
| |
| <p>Once the server has been compiled, it is possible to |
| determine which MPM was chosen by using <code>./httpd |
| -l</code>. This command will list every module that is compiled |
| into the server, including the MPM.</p> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="defaults" id="defaults">MPM Defaults</a></h2> |
| |
| <p>The following table lists the default MPMs for various operating |
| systems. This will be the MPM selected if you do not make another |
| choice at compile-time.</p> |
| |
| <table> |
| |
| <tr><td>BeOS</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/beos.html">beos</a></code></td></tr> |
| <tr><td>Netware</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code></td></tr> |
| <tr><td>OS/2</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code></td></tr> |
| <tr><td>Unix</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code></td></tr> |
| <tr><td>Windows</td><td><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code></td></tr> |
| </table> |
| </div></div> |
| <div class="bottomlang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/mpm.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | |
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| <a href="./es/mpm.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> | |
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| <a href="./tr/mpm.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a> | |
| <a href="./zh-cn/mpm.html" hreflang="zh-cn" rel="alternate" title="Simplified Chinese"> zh-cn </a></p> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img src="./images/up.gif" alt="top" /></a></div><div class="section"><h2><a id="comments_section" name="comments_section">Comments</a></h2><div class="warning"><strong>Notice:</strong><br />This is not a Q&A section. Comments placed here should be pointed towards suggestions on improving the documentation or server, and may be removed again by our moderators if they are either implemented or considered invalid/off-topic. Questions on how to manage the Apache HTTP Server should be directed at either our IRC channel, #httpd, on Libera.chat, or sent to our <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/lists.html">mailing lists</a>.</div> |
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