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| <title>Apache IP-based Virtual Host Support - Apache HTTP Server</title> |
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| <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> |
| <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</p> |
| <img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div> |
| <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div id="path"> |
| <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.0</a> > <a href="./">Virtual Hosts</a></div><div id="page-content"><div class="retired"><h4>Please note</h4> |
| <p>This document refers to the <strong>2.0</strong> version of Apache httpd, which <strong>is no longer maintained</strong>. Upgrade, and refer to the current version of httpd instead, documented at:</p> |
| <ul><li><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/">Current release version of Apache HTTP Server documentation</a></li></ul><p>You may follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/vhosts/ip-based.html">this link</a> to go to the current version of this document.</p></div><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache IP-based Virtual Host Support</h1> |
| <div class="toplang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/vhosts/ip-based.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
| <a href="../ko/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | |
| <a href="../tr/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#requirements">System requirements</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#howto">How to set up Apache</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#multiple">Setting up multiple daemons</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#single">Setting up a single daemon |
| with virtual hosts</a></li> |
| </ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li> |
| <a href="name-based.html">Name-based Virtual Hosts Support</a> |
| </li></ul></div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="requirements" id="requirements">System requirements</a></h2> |
| |
| <p>As the term <cite>IP-based</cite> indicates, the server |
| <strong>must have a different IP address for each IP-based |
| virtual host</strong>. This can be achieved by the machine |
| having several physical network connections, or by use of |
| virtual interfaces which are supported by most modern operating |
| systems (see system documentation for details, these are |
| frequently called "ip aliases", and the "ifconfig" command is |
| most commonly used to set them up).</p> |
| |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="howto" id="howto">How to set up Apache</a></h2> |
| |
| <p>There are two ways of configuring apache to support multiple |
| hosts. Either by running a separate <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> daemon for |
| each hostname, or by running a single daemon which supports all the |
| virtual hosts.</p> |
| |
| <p>Use multiple daemons when:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>There are security partitioning issues, such as company1 |
| does not want anyone at company2 to be able to read their |
| data except via the web. In this case you would need two |
| daemons, each running with different <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#user">User</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#group">Group</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> settings.</li> |
| |
| <li>You can afford the memory and <a href="../misc/descriptors.html">file descriptor |
| requirements</a> of listening to every IP alias on the |
| machine. It's only possible to <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> to the "wildcard" |
| address, or to specific addresses. So if you have a need to |
| listen to a specific address for whatever reason, then you |
| will need to listen to all specific addresses. (Although one |
| <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> could listen to N-1 of the addresses, and another could |
| listen to the remaining address.)</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p>Use a single daemon when:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>Sharing of the httpd configuration between virtual hosts |
| is acceptable.</li> |
| |
| <li>The machine services a large number of requests, and so |
| the performance loss in running separate daemons may be |
| significant.</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="multiple" id="multiple">Setting up multiple daemons</a></h2> |
| |
| <p>Create a separate <code class="program"><a href="../programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> installation for each |
| virtual host. For each installation, use the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code> directive in the |
| configuration file to select which IP address (or virtual host) |
| that daemon services. e.g.</p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><p><code> |
| Listen www.smallco.com:80 |
| </code></p></div> |
| |
| <p>It is recommended that you use an IP address instead of a |
| hostname (see <a href="../dns-caveats.html">DNS caveats</a>).</p> |
| |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="single" id="single">Setting up a single daemon |
| with virtual hosts</a></h2> |
| |
| <p>For this case, a single httpd will service requests for the |
| main server and all the virtual hosts. The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a></code> directive |
| in the configuration file is used to set the values of <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveradmin">ServerAdmin</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#transferlog">TransferLog</a></code> |
| or <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a></code> |
| configuration directives to different values for each virtual |
| host. e.g.</p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><p><code> |
| <VirtualHost www.smallco.com><br /> |
| ServerAdmin webmaster@mail.smallco.com<br /> |
| DocumentRoot /groups/smallco/www<br /> |
| ServerName www.smallco.com<br /> |
| ErrorLog /groups/smallco/logs/error_log<br /> |
| TransferLog /groups/smallco/logs/access_log<br /> |
| </VirtualHost><br /> |
| <br /> |
| <VirtualHost www.baygroup.org><br /> |
| ServerAdmin webmaster@mail.baygroup.org<br /> |
| DocumentRoot /groups/baygroup/www<br /> |
| ServerName www.baygroup.org<br /> |
| ErrorLog /groups/baygroup/logs/error_log<br /> |
| TransferLog /groups/baygroup/logs/access_log<br /> |
| </VirtualHost> |
| </code></p></div> |
| |
| <p>It is recommended that you use an IP address instead of a |
| hostname (see <a href="../dns-caveats.html">DNS caveats</a>).</p> |
| |
| <p>Almost <strong>any</strong> configuration directive can be |
| put in the VirtualHost directive, with the exception of |
| directives that control process creation and a few other |
| directives. To find out if a directive can be used in the |
| VirtualHost directive, check the <a href="../mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> using the |
| <a href="../mod/directives.html">directive index</a>.</p> |
| |
| <p><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code> |
| may be used inside a |
| VirtualHost directive if the <a href="../suexec.html">suEXEC |
| wrapper</a> is used.</p> |
| |
| <p><em>SECURITY:</em> When specifying where to write log files, |
| be aware of some security risks which are present if anyone |
| other than the user that starts Apache has write access to the |
| directory where they are written. See the <a href="../misc/security_tips.html">security tips</a> document |
| for details.</p> |
| |
| </div></div> |
| <div class="bottomlang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/vhosts/ip-based.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
| <a href="../ko/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | |
| <a href="../tr/vhosts/ip-based.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> |
| </div><div id="footer"> |
| <p class="apache">Copyright 2013 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> |
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