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| <title>Apache's Handler Use - Apache HTTP Server</title> |
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| <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</p> |
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| <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.0</a></div><div id="page-content"><div class="retired"><h4>Please note</h4> |
| <p>This document refers to the <strong>2.0</strong> version of Apache httpd, which <strong>is no longer maintained</strong>. Upgrade, and refer to the current version of httpd instead, documented at:</p> |
| <ul><li><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/">Current release version of Apache HTTP Server documentation</a></li></ul><p>You may follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/handler.html">this link</a> to go to the current version of this document.</p></div><div id="preamble"><h1>Apache's Handler Use</h1> |
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| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/handler.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
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| </div> |
| |
| <p>This document describes the use of Apache's Handlers.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#definition">What is a Handler</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#programmer">Programmer's Note</a></li> |
| </ul></div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="definition" id="definition">What is a Handler</a></h2> |
| |
| <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html">mod_actions</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imap.html">mod_imap</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#removehandler">RemoveHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#sethandler">SetHandler</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table> |
| |
| |
| <p>A "handler" is an internal Apache representation of the |
| action to be performed when a file is called. Generally, files |
| have implicit handlers, based on the file type. Normally, all |
| files are simply served by the server, but certain file types |
| are "handled" separately.</p> |
| |
| <p>Apache 1.1 adds the ability to use handlers explicitly. |
| Based on either filename extensions or on location, handlers |
| can be specified without relation to file type. This is |
| advantageous both because it is a more elegant solution, and |
| because it also allows for both a type <strong>and</strong> a |
| handler to be associated with a file. (See also <a href="mod/mod_mime.html#multipleext">Files with Multiple |
| Extensions</a>.)</p> |
| |
| <p>Handlers can either be built into the server or included in |
| a module, or they can be added with the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_actions.html#action">Action</a></code> directive. The |
| built-in handlers in the standard distribution are as |
| follows:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li><strong>default-handler</strong>: Send the file using the |
| <code>default_handler()</code>, which is the handler used by |
| default to handle static content. (core)</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>send-as-is</strong>: Send file with HTTP headers |
| as is. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_asis.html">mod_asis</a></code>)</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>cgi-script</strong>: Treat the file as a CGI |
| script. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code>)</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>imap-file</strong>: Parse as an imagemap rule |
| file. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_imap.html">mod_imap</a></code>)</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>server-info</strong>: Get the server's |
| configuration information. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_info.html">mod_info</a></code>)</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>server-status</strong>: Get the server's status |
| report. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_status.html">mod_status</a></code>)</li> |
| |
| <li><strong>type-map</strong>: Parse as a type map file for |
| content negotiation. (<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>)</li> |
| </ul> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="examples" id="examples">Examples</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <h3><a name="example1" id="example1">Modifying static content using a CGI script</a></h3> |
| |
| |
| <p>The following directives will cause requests for files with |
| the <code>html</code> extension to trigger the launch of the |
| <code>footer.pl</code> CGI script.</p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><p><code> |
| Action add-footer /cgi-bin/footer.pl<br /> |
| AddHandler add-footer .html |
| </code></p></div> |
| |
| <p>Then the CGI script is responsible for sending the |
| originally requested document (pointed to by the |
| <code>PATH_TRANSLATED</code> environment variable) and making |
| whatever modifications or additions are desired.</p> |
| |
| |
| <h3><a name="example2" id="example2">Files with HTTP headers</a></h3> |
| |
| |
| <p>The following directives will enable the |
| <code>send-as-is</code> handler, which is used for files which |
| contain their own HTTP headers. All files in the |
| <code>/web/htdocs/asis/</code> directory will be processed by |
| the <code>send-as-is</code> handler, regardless of their |
| filename extensions.</p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><p><code> |
| <Directory /web/htdocs/asis><br /> |
| SetHandler send-as-is<br /> |
| </Directory> |
| </code></p></div> |
| |
| |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="programmer" id="programmer">Programmer's Note</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <p>In order to implement the handler features, an addition has |
| been made to the <a href="developer/API.html">Apache API</a> that |
| you may wish to make use of. Specifically, a new record has |
| been added to the <code>request_rec</code> structure:</p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><p><code> |
| char *handler |
| </code></p></div> |
| |
| <p>If you wish to have your module engage a handler, you need |
| only to set <code>r->handler</code> to the name of the |
| handler at any time prior to the <code>invoke_handler</code> |
| stage of the request. Handlers are implemented as they were |
| before, albeit using the handler name instead of a content |
| type. While it is not necessary, the naming convention for |
| handlers is to use a dash-separated word, with no slashes, so |
| as to not invade the media type name-space.</p> |
| </div></div> |
| <div class="bottomlang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./en/handler.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
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| <a href="./fr/handler.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | |
| <a href="./ja/handler.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | |
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| <a href="./ru/handler.html" hreflang="ru" rel="alternate" title="Russian"> ru </a> | |
| <a href="./tr/handler.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> |
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| <p class="apache">Copyright 2013 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> |
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