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| <title>Configuration Files - Apache HTTP Server</title> |
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| <p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p> |
| <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</p> |
| <img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div> |
| <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div> |
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| <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.0</a></div><div id="page-content"><div class="retired"><h4>Please note</h4> |
| <p>This document refers to the <strong>2.0</strong> version of Apache httpd, which <strong>is no longer maintained</strong>. Upgrade, and refer to the current version of httpd instead, documented at:</p> |
| <ul><li><a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/">Current release version of Apache HTTP Server documentation</a></li></ul><p>You may follow <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/configuring.html">this link</a> to go to the current version of this document.</p></div><div id="preamble"><h1>Configuration Files</h1> |
| <div class="toplang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/configuring.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | |
| <a href="./en/configuring.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
| <a href="./fr/configuring.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | |
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| <a href="./tr/configuring.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> |
| </div> |
| |
| <p>This document describes the files used to configure the Apache |
| HTTP server.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#main">Main Configuration Files</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#syntax">Syntax of the Configuration Files</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#modules">Modules</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scope">Scope of Directives</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#htaccess">.htaccess Files</a></li> |
| </ul></div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="main" id="main">Main Configuration Files</a></h2> |
| |
| <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifdefine"><IfDefine></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table> |
| |
| <p>Apache is configured by placing <a href="mod/directives.html">directives</a> in plain text |
| configuration files. The main configuration file is usually called |
| <code>httpd.conf</code>. The location of this file is set at |
| compile-time, but may be overridden with the <code>-f</code> |
| command line flag. In addition, other configuration files may be |
| added using the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#include">Include</a></code> |
| directive, and wildcards can be used to include many configuration |
| files. Any directive may be placed in any of these configuration |
| files. Changes to the main configuration files are only |
| recognized by Apache when it is started or restarted.</p> |
| |
| <p>The server also reads a file containing mime document types; |
| the filename is set by the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#typesconfig">TypesConfig</a></code> directive, |
| and is <code>mime.types</code> by default.</p> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="syntax" id="syntax">Syntax of the Configuration Files</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <p>Apache configuration files contain one directive per line. |
| The backslash "\" may be used as the last character on a line |
| to indicate that the directive continues onto the next line. |
| There must be no other characters or white space between the |
| backslash and the end of the line.</p> |
| |
| <p>Directives in the configuration files are case-insensitive, |
| but arguments to directives are often case sensitive. Lines |
| that begin with the hash character "#" are considered |
| comments, and are ignored. Comments may <strong>not</strong> be |
| included on a line after a configuration directive. Blank lines |
| and white space occurring before a directive are ignored, so |
| you may indent directives for clarity.</p> |
| |
| <p>You can check your configuration files for syntax errors |
| without starting the server by using <code>apachectl |
| configtest</code> or the <code>-t</code> command line |
| option.</p> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="modules" id="modules">Modules</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html">mod_so</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table> |
| |
| <p>Apache is a modular server. This implies that only the most |
| basic functionality is included in the core server. Extended |
| features are available through <a href="mod/">modules</a> which can be loaded |
| into Apache. By default, a <a href="mod/module-dict.html#Status">base</a> set of modules is |
| included in the server at compile-time. If the server is |
| compiled to use <a href="dso.html">dynamically loaded</a> |
| modules, then modules can be compiled separately and added at |
| any time using the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_so.html#loadmodule">LoadModule</a></code> |
| directive. |
| Otherwise, Apache must be recompiled to add or remove modules. |
| Configuration directives may be included conditional on a |
| presence of a particular module by enclosing them in an <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#ifmodule"><IfModule></a></code> block.</p> |
| |
| <p>To see which modules are currently compiled into the server, |
| you can use the <code>-l</code> command line option.</p> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="scope" id="scope">Scope of Directives</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table> |
| |
| <p>Directives placed in the main configuration files apply to |
| the entire server. If you wish to change the configuration for |
| only a part of the server, you can scope your directives by |
| placing them in <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directorymatch"><DirectoryMatch></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#filesmatch"><FilesMatch></a></code>, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>, and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#locationmatch"><LocationMatch></a></code> |
| sections. These sections limit the application of the |
| directives which they enclose to particular filesystem |
| locations or URLs. They can also be nested, allowing for very |
| fine grained configuration.</p> |
| |
| <p>Apache has the capability to serve many different websites |
| simultaneously. This is called <a href="vhosts/">Virtual |
| Hosting</a>. Directives can also be scoped by placing them |
| inside <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#virtualhost"><VirtualHost></a></code> |
| sections, so that they will only apply to requests for a |
| particular website.</p> |
| |
| <p>Although most directives can be placed in any of these |
| sections, some directives do not make sense in some contexts. |
| For example, directives controlling process creation can only |
| be placed in the main server context. To find which directives |
| can be placed in which sections, check the <a href="mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> of the |
| directive. For further information, we provide details on <a href="sections.html">How Directory, Location and Files sections |
| work</a>.</p> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="htaccess" id="htaccess">.htaccess Files</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td /><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#accessfilename">AccessFileName</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table> |
| |
| <p>Apache allows for decentralized management of configuration |
| via special files placed inside the web tree. The special files |
| are usually called <code>.htaccess</code>, but any name can be |
| specified in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#accessfilename">AccessFileName</a></code> |
| directive. Directives placed in <code>.htaccess</code> files |
| apply to the directory where you place the file, and all |
| sub-directories. The <code>.htaccess</code> files follow the |
| same syntax as the main configuration files. Since |
| <code>.htaccess</code> files are read on every request, changes |
| made in these files take immediate effect.</p> |
| |
| <p>To find which directives can be placed in |
| <code>.htaccess</code> files, check the <a href="mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> of the |
| directive. The server administrator further controls what |
| directives may be placed in <code>.htaccess</code> files by |
| configuring the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> |
| directive in the main configuration files.</p> |
| |
| <p>For more information on <code>.htaccess</code> files, see |
| the <a href="howto/htaccess.html">.htaccess tutorial</a>.</p> |
| </div></div> |
| <div class="bottomlang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/configuring.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> | |
| <a href="./en/configuring.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
| <a href="./fr/configuring.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | |
| <a href="./ja/configuring.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> | |
| <a href="./ko/configuring.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean"> ko </a> | |
| <a href="./tr/configuring.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> |
| </div><div id="footer"> |
| <p class="apache">Copyright 2013 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p> |
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