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| <div id="page-content"> |
| <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_vhost_alias</h1> |
| <div class="toplang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_vhost_alias.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
| <a href="../fr/mod/mod_vhost_alias.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> | |
| <a href="../tr/mod/mod_vhost_alias.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> |
| </div> |
| <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides for dynamically configured mass virtual |
| hosting</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>vhost_alias_module</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias.c</td></tr></table> |
| <h3>Summary</h3> |
| |
| <p>This module creates dynamically configured virtual hosts, by |
| allowing the IP address and/or the <code>Host:</code> header of |
| the HTTP request to be used as part of the pathname to |
| determine what files to serve. This allows for easy use of a |
| huge number of virtual hosts with similar configurations.</p> |
| |
| <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3> |
| <p>If <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html">mod_alias</a></code> or <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code> are |
| used for translating URIs to filenames, they will override the |
| directives of <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_vhost_alias.html">mod_vhost_alias</a></code> described below. For |
| example, the following configuration will map <code> |
| /cgi-bin/script.pl</code> to <code> |
| /usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/script.pl</code> in all cases:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">ScriptAlias "/cgi-bin/" "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/" |
| VirtualScriptAlias "/never/found/%0/cgi-bin/"</pre> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><h3>Topics</h3> |
| <ul id="topics"> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#interpol">Directory Name Interpolation</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#examples">Examples</a></li> |
| </ul><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3> |
| <ul id="toc"> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualdocumentrootip">VirtualDocumentRootIP</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualscriptalias">VirtualScriptAlias</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#virtualscriptaliasip">VirtualScriptAliasIP</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| <h3>Bugfix checklist</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="https://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/CHANGES_2.4">httpd changelog</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/buglist.cgi?bug_status=__open__&list_id=144532&product=Apache%20httpd-2&query_format=specific&order=changeddate%20DESC%2Cpriority%2Cbug_severity&component=mod_vhost_alias">Known issues</a></li><li><a href="https://bz.apache.org/bugzilla/enter_bug.cgi?product=Apache%20httpd-2&component=mod_vhost_alias">Report a bug</a></li></ul><h3>See also</h3> |
| <ul class="seealso"> |
| <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code></li> |
| <li><a href="../vhosts/mass.html">Dynamically configured mass |
| virtual hosting</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="interpol" id="interpol">Directory Name Interpolation</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <p>All the directives in this module interpolate a string into |
| a pathname. The interpolated string (henceforth called the |
| "name") may be either the server name (see the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#usecanonicalname">UseCanonicalName</a></code> |
| directive for details on how this is determined) or the IP |
| address of the virtual host on the server in dotted-quad |
| format. The interpolation is controlled by specifiers inspired |
| by <code>printf</code> which have a number of formats:</p> |
| |
| <table> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>%%</code></td> |
| <td>insert a <code>%</code></td></tr> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>%p</code></td> |
| <td>insert the port number of the virtual host</td></tr> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>%N.M</code></td> |
| <td>insert (part of) the name</td></tr> |
| |
| </table> |
| |
| <p><code>N</code> and <code>M</code> are used to specify |
| substrings of the name. <code>N</code> selects from the |
| dot-separated components of the name, and <code>M</code> |
| selects characters within whatever <code>N</code> has selected. |
| <code>M</code> is optional and defaults to zero if it isn't |
| present; the dot must be present if and only if <code>M</code> |
| is present. The interpretation is as follows:</p> |
| |
| <table> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>0</code></td> |
| <td>the whole name</td></tr> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>1</code></td> |
| <td>the first part</td></tr> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>2</code></td> |
| <td>the second part</td></tr> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>-1</code></td> |
| <td>the last part</td></tr> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>-2</code></td> |
| <td>the penultimate part</td></tr> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>2+</code></td> |
| <td>the second and all subsequent parts</td></tr> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>-2+</code></td> |
| <td>the penultimate and all preceding parts</td></tr> |
| |
| <tr><td><code>1+</code> and <code>-1+</code></td> |
| <td>the same as <code>0</code></td></tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>If <code>N</code> or <code>M</code> is greater than the number |
| of parts available a single underscore is interpolated. </p> |
| |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="examples" id="examples">Examples</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <p>For simple name-based virtual hosts you might use the |
| following directives in your server configuration file:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UseCanonicalName Off |
| VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%0"</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>A request for |
| <code>http://www.example.com/directory/file.html</code> will be |
| satisfied by the file |
| <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/www.example.com/directory/file.html</code>. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p>For a very large number of virtual hosts it is a good idea |
| to arrange the files to reduce the size of the |
| <code>vhosts</code> directory. To do this you might use the |
| following in your configuration file:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UseCanonicalName Off |
| VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.1/%2.2/%2.3/%2"</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>A request for |
| <code>http://www.domain.example.com/directory/file.html</code> |
| will be satisfied by the file |
| <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.com/d/o/m/domain/directory/file.html</code>.</p> |
| |
| <p>A more even spread of files can be achieved by hashing from the |
| end of the name, for example: </p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.-1/%2.-2/%2.-3/%2"</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>The example request would come from |
| <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.com/n/i/a/domain/directory/file.html</code>.</p> |
| |
| <p>Alternatively you might use: </p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%3+/%2.1/%2.2/%2.3/%2.4+"</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>The example request would come from |
| <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.com/d/o/m/ain/directory/file.html</code>.</p> |
| |
| <p> A very common request by users is the ability to point multiple domains to multiple |
| document roots without having to worry about the length or number of parts of the |
| hostname being requested. If the requested hostname is <code>sub.www.domain.example.com</code> |
| instead of simply <code>www.domain.example.com</code>, then using %3+ will result in the document |
| root being <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/domain.example.com/...</code> instead of the |
| intended <code>example.com</code> directory. In such cases, it can be beneficial to use |
| the combination <code>%-2.0.%-1.0</code>, which will always yield the domain name and the |
| tld, for example <code>example.com</code> regardless of the number of subdomains appended |
| to the hostname. As such, one can make a configuration that will direct all first, second |
| or third level subdomains to the same directory: |
| </p> |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%-2.0.%-1.0"</pre> |
| |
| <p> |
| In the example above, both <code>www.example.com</code> as well as <code>www.sub.example.com</code> |
| or <code>example.com</code> will all point to <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/example.com</code>. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p>For IP-based virtual hosting you might use the following in |
| your configuration file:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UseCanonicalName DNS |
| VirtualDocumentRootIP "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%1/%2/%3/%4/docs" |
| VirtualScriptAliasIP "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%1/%2/%3/%4/cgi-bin"</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>A request for |
| <code>http://www.domain.example.com/directory/file.html</code> |
| would be satisfied by the file |
| <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/10/20/30/40/docs/directory/file.html</code> |
| if the IP address of <code>www.domain.example.com</code> were |
| 10.20.30.40. A request for |
| <code>http://www.domain.example.com/cgi-bin/script.pl</code> would |
| be satisfied by executing the program |
| <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/10/20/30/40/cgi-bin/script.pl</code>.</p> |
| |
| <p>If you want to include the <code>.</code> character in a |
| <code>VirtualDocumentRoot</code> directive, but it clashes with |
| a <code>%</code> directive, you can work around the problem in |
| the following way:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">VirtualDocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/vhosts/%2.0.%3.0"</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>A request for |
| <code>http://www.domain.example.com/directory/file.html</code> |
| will be satisfied by the file |
| <code>/usr/local/apache/vhosts/domain.example/directory/file.html</code>.</p> |
| |
| <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#logformat">LogFormat</a></code> |
| directives <code>%V</code> and <code>%A</code> are useful |
| in conjunction with this module.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VirtualDocumentRoot" id="VirtualDocumentRoot">VirtualDocumentRoot</a> <a name="virtualdocumentroot" id="virtualdocumentroot">Directive</a></h2> |
| <table class="directive"> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Dynamically configure the location of the document root |
| for a given virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VirtualDocumentRoot <em>interpolated-directory</em>|none</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VirtualDocumentRoot none</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias</td></tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>The <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code> directive allows you to |
| determine where Apache HTTP Server will find your documents based on the |
| value of the server name. The result of expanding |
| <em>interpolated-directory</em> is used as the root of the |
| document tree in a similar manner to the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directive's argument. |
| If <em>interpolated-directory</em> is <code>none</code> then |
| <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code> is turned off. This directive |
| cannot be used in the same context as <code class="directive"><a href="#virtualdocumentrootip">VirtualDocumentRootIP</a></code>.</p> |
| |
| <div class="warning"><h3>Note</h3> |
| <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code> will override any <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directives you may have put in the same |
| context or child contexts. Putting a <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code> |
| in the global server scope will effectively override <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> directives in any virtual hosts defined later |
| on, unless you set <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRoot</code> to <code>None</code> |
| in each virtual host. |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| </div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VirtualDocumentRootIP" id="VirtualDocumentRootIP">VirtualDocumentRootIP</a> <a name="virtualdocumentrootip" id="virtualdocumentrootip">Directive</a></h2> |
| <table class="directive"> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Dynamically configure the location of the document root |
| for a given virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VirtualDocumentRootIP <em>interpolated-directory</em>|none</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VirtualDocumentRootIP none</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias</td></tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>The <code class="directive">VirtualDocumentRootIP</code> directive is like the |
| <code class="directive"><a href="#virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot</a></code> |
| directive, except that it uses the IP address of the server end |
| of the connection for directory interpolation instead of the server |
| name.</p> |
| |
| </div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VirtualScriptAlias" id="VirtualScriptAlias">VirtualScriptAlias</a> <a name="virtualscriptalias" id="virtualscriptalias">Directive</a></h2> |
| <table class="directive"> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Dynamically configure the location of the CGI directory for |
| a given virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VirtualScriptAlias <em>interpolated-directory</em>|none</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VirtualScriptAlias none</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias</td></tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>The <code class="directive">VirtualScriptAlias</code> directive allows you to |
| determine where Apache httpd will find CGI scripts in a similar |
| manner to <code class="directive"><a href="#virtualdocumentroot">VirtualDocumentRoot</a></code> does for other documents. It matches |
| requests for URIs starting <code>/cgi-bin/</code>, much like <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code> |
| <code>/cgi-bin/</code> would.</p> |
| |
| |
| </div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="VirtualScriptAliasIP" id="VirtualScriptAliasIP">VirtualScriptAliasIP</a> <a name="virtualscriptaliasip" id="virtualscriptaliasip">Directive</a></h2> |
| <table class="directive"> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Dynamically configure the location of the CGI directory for |
| a given virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>VirtualScriptAliasIP <em>interpolated-directory</em>|none</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>VirtualScriptAliasIP none</code></td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr> |
| <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_vhost_alias</td></tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>The <code class="directive">VirtualScriptAliasIP</code> directive is like the |
| <code class="directive"><a href="#virtualscriptalias">VirtualScriptAlias</a></code> |
| directive, except that it uses the IP address of the server end |
| of the connection for directory interpolation instead of the server |
| name.</p> |
| |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="bottomlang"> |
| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_vhost_alias.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
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| <a href="../tr/mod/mod_vhost_alias.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p> |
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