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| <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p> |
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| <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.4</a> > <a href="./">How-To / Tutorials</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Per-user web directories</h1> |
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| <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/howto/public_html.html" title="English"> en </a> | |
| <a href="../es/howto/public_html.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español"> es </a> | |
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| |
| <p>On systems with multiple users, each user can be permitted to have a |
| web site in their home directory using the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive. Visitors |
| to a URL <code>http://example.com/~username/</code> will get content |
| out of the home directory of the user "<code>username</code>", out of |
| the subdirectory specified by the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive.</p> |
| <p>Note that, by default, access to these directories is <strong>not</strong> |
| enabled. You can enable access when using <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> by uncommenting the line:</p> |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">#Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf</pre> |
| |
| <p>in the default config file <code>conf/httpd.conf</code>, and adapting the <code>httpd-userdir.conf</code> |
| file as necessary, or by including the appropriate directives in a |
| <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> block |
| within the main config file.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div id="quickview"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/contributing.html" class="badge"><img src="https://www.apache.org/images/SupportApache-small.png" alt="Support Apache!" /></a><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#related">Per-user web directories</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this |
| feature</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></li> |
| <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></li> |
| </ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="../urlmapping.html">Mapping URLs to the Filesystem</a></li><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div> |
| <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="related" id="related">Per-user web directories</a></h2> |
| |
| <table class="related"><tr><th>Related Modules</th><th>Related Directives</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html">mod_userdir</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directorymatch">DirectoryMatch</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="userdir" id="userdir">Setting the file path with UserDir</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> |
| directive specifies a directory out of which per-user |
| content is loaded. This directive may take several different forms.</p> |
| |
| <p>If a path is given which does not start with a leading slash, it is |
| assumed to be a directory path relative to the home directory of the |
| specified user. Given this configuration:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir public_html</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be |
| translated to the file path |
| <code>/home/rbowen/public_html/file.html</code></p> |
| |
| <p>If a path is given starting with a slash, a directory path will be |
| constructed using that path, plus the username specified. Given this |
| configuration:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir /var/html</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be |
| translated to the file path <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p> |
| |
| <p>If a path is provided which contains an asterisk (*), a path is used |
| in which the asterisk is replaced with the username. Given this |
| configuration:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir /var/www/*/docs</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code> will be |
| translated to the file path |
| <code>/var/www/rbowen/docs/file.html</code></p> |
| |
| <p>Multiple directories or directory paths can also be set.</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir public_html /var/html</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>For the URL <code>http://example.com/~rbowen/file.html</code>, |
| Apache will search for <code>~rbowen</code>. If it isn't found, |
| Apache will search for <code>rbowen</code> in <code>/var/html</code>. If |
| found, the above URL will then be translated to the file path |
| <code>/var/html/rbowen/file.html</code></p> |
| |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="redirect" id="redirect">Redirecting to external URLs</a></h2> |
| |
| <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> directive can be |
| used to redirect user directory requests to external URLs.</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir http://example.org/users/*/</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>The above example will redirect a request for |
| <code>http://example.com/~bob/abc.html</code> to |
| <code>http://example.org/users/bob/abc.html</code>.</p> |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="enable" id="enable">Restricting what users are permitted to use this |
| feature</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <p>Using the syntax shown in the UserDir documentation, you can restrict |
| what users are permitted to use this functionality:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir disabled root jro fish</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>The configuration above will enable the feature for all users |
| except for those listed in the <code>disabled</code> statement. |
| You can, likewise, disable the feature for all but a few users by |
| using a configuration like the following:</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config">UserDir disabled |
| UserDir enabled rbowen krietz</pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>See <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> |
| documentation for additional examples.</p> |
| |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="cgi" id="cgi">Enabling a cgi directory for each user</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <p>In order to give each user their own cgi-bin directory, you can use |
| a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code> |
| directive to make a particular subdirectory of a user's home directory |
| cgi-enabled.</p> |
| |
| <pre class="prettyprint lang-config"><Directory "/home/*/public_html/cgi-bin/"> |
| Options ExecCGI |
| SetHandler cgi-script |
| </Directory></pre> |
| |
| |
| <p>Then, presuming that <code>UserDir</code> is set to |
| <code>public_html</code>, a cgi program <code>example.cgi</code> |
| could be loaded from that directory as:</p> |
| |
| <div class="example"><p><code> |
| http://example.com/~rbowen/cgi-bin/example.cgi |
| </code></p></div> |
| |
| </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="htaccess" id="htaccess">Allowing users to alter configuration</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <p>If you want to allows users to modify the server configuration in |
| their web space, they will need to use <code>.htaccess</code> files to |
| make these changes. Ensure that you have set <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code> to a |
| value sufficient for the directives that you want to permit the users |
| to modify. See the <a href="htaccess.html">.htaccess tutorial</a> for |
| additional details on how this works.</p> |
| |
| </div></div> |
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