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| 1 2 3 4 5 CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name ( column_definitions ) [partition_options] ENGINE = engine_type [WITH ( table_options )]; Column definition syntax: |
| 1 column_name column_type [[NOT] NULL] [TAG | TIMESTAMP KEY | PRIMARY KEY] [DICTIONARY] [COMMENT ''] Partition options syntax:"><meta property="og:url" content="https://horaedb.apache.org/docs/user-guide/sql/ddl/create_table/"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Apache HoraeDB"><meta property="og:title" content="CREATE TABLE"><meta property="og:description" content="Basic syntax Basic syntax: |
| 1 2 3 4 5 CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name ( column_definitions ) [partition_options] ENGINE = engine_type [WITH ( table_options )]; Column definition syntax: |
| 1 column_name column_type [[NOT] NULL] [TAG | TIMESTAMP KEY | PRIMARY KEY] [DICTIONARY] [COMMENT ''] Partition options syntax:"><meta property="og:locale" content="en"><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="article:section" content="docs"><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-08-21T10:34:40+08:00"><meta itemprop=name content="CREATE TABLE"><meta itemprop=description content="Basic syntax Basic syntax: |
| 1 2 3 4 5 CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name ( column_definitions ) [partition_options] ENGINE = engine_type [WITH ( table_options )]; Column definition syntax: |
| 1 column_name column_type [[NOT] NULL] [TAG | TIMESTAMP KEY | PRIMARY KEY] [DICTIONARY] [COMMENT ''] Partition options syntax:"><meta itemprop=dateModified content="2024-08-21T10:34:40+08:00"><meta itemprop=wordCount content="283"><meta name=twitter:card content="summary"><meta name=twitter:title content="CREATE TABLE"><meta name=twitter:description content="Basic syntax Basic syntax: |
| 1 2 3 4 5 CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name ( column_definitions ) [partition_options] ENGINE = engine_type [WITH ( table_options )]; Column definition syntax: |
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| <a id=print href=/docs/user-guide/sql/ddl/_print/><i class="fa-solid fa-print fa-fw"></i> Print entire section</a></div><div class=td-toc><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><a href=#basic-syntax>Basic syntax</a></li><li><a href=#if-not-exists>IF NOT EXISTS</a></li><li><a href=#define-column>Define Column</a></li><li><a href=#engine>Engine</a></li><li><a href=#partition-options>Partition Options</a></li></ul></nav></div><div class="taxonomy taxonomy-terms-cloud taxo-tags"><h5 class=taxonomy-title>Tags</h5><ul class=taxonomy-terms><li><a class=taxonomy-term href=https://horaedb.apache.org/tags/release/ data-taxonomy-term=release><span class=taxonomy-label>Release</span><span class=taxonomy-count>1</span></a></li></ul></div></aside><main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 ps-md-5" role=main><nav aria-label=breadcrumb class=td-breadcrumbs><ol class=breadcrumb><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=/docs/>Docs</a></li><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=/docs/user-guide/>User Guide</a></li><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=/docs/user-guide/sql/>SQL Syntax</a></li><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=/docs/user-guide/sql/ddl/>Data Definition Statements</a></li><li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current=page>CREATE TABLE</li></ol></nav><div class=td-content><h1>CREATE TABLE</h1><header class=article-meta></header><h2 id=basic-syntax>Basic syntax</h2><p>Basic syntax:</p><div class=highlight><div style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><table style=border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><tr><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">1 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">2 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">3 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">4 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">5 |
| </span></code></pre></td><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:100%><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-sql data-lang=sql><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>CREATE</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>TABLE</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>[<span style=color:green;font-weight:700>IF</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NOT</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>EXISTS</span>]<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>table_name</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>(<span style=color:#bbb> </span>column_definitions<span style=color:#bbb> </span>)<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>[partition_options]<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>ENGINE<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#666>=</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>engine_type<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>[<span style=color:green;font-weight:700>WITH</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>(<span style=color:#bbb> </span>table_options<span style=color:#bbb> </span>)];<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>Column definition syntax:</p><div class=highlight><div style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><table style=border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><tr><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">1 |
| </span></code></pre></td><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:100%><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-sql data-lang=sql><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>column_name</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>column_type<span style=color:#bbb> </span>[[<span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NOT</span>]<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NULL</span>]<span style=color:#bbb> </span>[TAG<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#666>|</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>TIMESTAMP</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>KEY</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#666>|</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>PRIMARY</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>KEY</span>]<span style=color:#bbb> </span>[<span style=color:green;font-weight:700>DICTIONARY</span>]<span style=color:#bbb> </span>[<span style=color:green;font-weight:700>COMMENT</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#ba2121>''</span>]<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>Partition options syntax:</p><div class=highlight><div style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><table style=border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><tr><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">1 |
| </span></code></pre></td><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:100%><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-sql data-lang=sql><span style=display:flex><span>PARTITION<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>BY</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>KEY</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>(column_list)<span style=color:#bbb> </span>[PARTITIONS<span style=color:#bbb> </span>num]<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>Table options syntax are key-value pairs. Value should be quoted with quotation marks (<code>'</code>). E.g.:</p><div class=highlight><div style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><table style=border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><tr><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">1 |
| </span></code></pre></td><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:100%><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-sql data-lang=sql><span style=display:flex><span>...<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>WITH</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>(<span style=color:#bbb> </span>enable_ttl<span style=color:#666>=</span><span style=color:#ba2121>'false'</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>)<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h2 id=if-not-exists>IF NOT EXISTS</h2><p>Add <code>IF NOT EXISTS</code> to tell HoraeDB to ignore errors if the table name already exists.</p><h2 id=define-column>Define Column</h2><p>A column’s definition should at least contains the name and type parts. All supported types are listed <a href=/docs/user-guide/sql/model/data_types/>here</a>.</p><p>Column is default be nullable. i.e. <code>NULL</code> keyword is implied. Adding <code>NOT NULL</code> constrains to make it required.</p><div class=highlight><div style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><table style=border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><tr><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">1 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">2 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">3 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">4 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">5 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">6 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">7 |
| </span></code></pre></td><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:100%><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-sql data-lang=sql><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#408080;font-style:italic>-- this definition |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#408080;font-style:italic></span>a_nullable<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green>int</span><span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb></span><span style=color:#408080;font-style:italic>-- equals to |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#408080;font-style:italic></span>a_nullable<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green>int</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NULL</span><span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb></span><span style=color:#408080;font-style:italic>-- add NOT NULL to make it required |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#408080;font-style:italic></span>b_not_null<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NOT</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NULL</span><span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>A column can be marked as <a href=/docs/user-guide/sql/model/special_columns/>special column</a> with related keyword.</p><p>For string tag column, we recommend to define it as dictionary to reduce memory consumption:</p><div class=highlight><div style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><table style=border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><tr><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">1 |
| </span></code></pre></td><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:100%><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-sql data-lang=sql><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#666>`</span>tag1<span style=color:#666>`</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>string<span style=color:#bbb> </span>TAG<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>DICTIONARY</span><span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h2 id=engine>Engine</h2><p>Specifies which engine this table belongs to. HoraeDB current support <code>Analytic</code> engine type. This attribute is immutable.</p><h2 id=partition-options>Partition Options</h2><blockquote><p>Note: This feature is only supported in distributed version.</p></blockquote><div class=highlight><div style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><table style=border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><tr><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">1 |
| </span></code></pre></td><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:100%><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-sql data-lang=sql><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>CREATE</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>TABLE</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>...<span style=color:#bbb> </span>PARTITION<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>BY</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>KEY</span><span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><p>Example below creates a table with 8 partitions, and partitioned by <code>name</code>:</p><div class=highlight><div style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><table style=border-spacing:0;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><tr><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 1 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 2 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 3 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 4 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 5 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 6 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 7 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 8 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f"> 9 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">10 |
| </span><span style="white-space:pre;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-right:.4em;padding:0 .4em;color:#7f7f7f">11 |
| </span></code></pre></td><td style=vertical-align:top;padding:0;margin:0;border:0;width:100%><pre tabindex=0 style=-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-sql data-lang=sql><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>CREATE</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>TABLE</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#666>`</span>demo<span style=color:#666>`</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>(<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#666>`</span>name<span style=color:#666>`</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>string<span style=color:#bbb> </span>TAG<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>COMMENT</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#ba2121>'client username'</span>,<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#666>`</span>value<span style=color:#666>`</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>double<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NOT</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NULL</span>,<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#666>`</span>t<span style=color:#666>`</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>timestamp</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NOT</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>NULL</span>,<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>timestamp</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>KEY</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>(t)<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb></span>)<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>PARTITION<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>BY</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>KEY</span>(name)<span style=color:#bbb> </span>PARTITIONS<span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:#666>8</span><span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>ENGINE<span style=color:#666>=</span>Analytic<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span><span style=color:green;font-weight:700>with</span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>(<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb> </span>enable_ttl<span style=color:#666>=</span><span style=color:#ba2121>'false'</span><span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#bbb></span>)<span style=color:#bbb> |
| </span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><div class=td-page-meta__lastmod>Last modified August 21, 2024: <a href=https://github.com/apache/horaedb-docs/commit/36785ca3da45c2b6ac45fbd16916ead7ef98b2cf>refactor: use hugo to build website (#132) (36785ca)</a></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="td-footer row d-print-none"><div class=container-fluid><div class="row mx-md-2"><div class=td-footer__center>Apache HoraeDB is an effort undergoing incubation at The Apache Software Foundation (ASF), sponsored by the Apache Incubator. Incubation is required of all newly accepted projects until a further review indicates that the infrastructure, communications, and decision making process have stabilized in a manner consistent with other successful ASF projects. While incubation status is not necessarily a reflection of the completeness or stability of the code, it does indicate that the project has yet to be fully endorsed by the ASF.<hr><span class=td-footer__copyright>© |
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