docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/HDFSFileDataPXF.html - hawq-site - Git at Google

 <!doctype html>
 <html>
 <head>
   <meta charset="utf-8">
   <!-- Always force latest IE rendering engine or request Chrome Frame -->
   <meta content="IE=edge,chrome=1" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible">


   <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro:300,300italic,400italic,400,600' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
   <!-- Use title if it's in the page YAML frontmatter -->
   <title>
       Accessing HDFS File Data |
     Apache HAWQ (Incubating) Docs
   </title>
   <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
   <link href="/stylesheets/all.css" rel="stylesheet" media="screen, print" />
   <link href="/stylesheets/print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" />
   <link href='/images/favicon.ico' rel='shortcut icon'>

   <script src="/javascripts/all.js"></script>

 </head>

 <body class="docs docs_userguide docs_userguide_2_3_0_0-incubating docs_userguide_2_3_0_0-incubating_pxf docs_userguide_2_3_0_0-incubating_pxf_HDFSFileDataPXF has-subnav">

 <div class="viewport">
   <div class='wrap'>
     <script type="text/javascript">
       document.domain = "";
     </script>


   <header class="header header-layout">
     <h1 class="logo">
       <a href="/">Apache HAWQ (incubating) Documentation</a>
     </h1>

     <div class="header-links js-bar-links">
       <div class="btn-menu" data-behavior="MenuMobile"></div>
       <div class="header-item"><a href="http://hawq.incubator.apache.org/">Back to Apache HAWQ Page</a></div>
       <div class="header-item">
         <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HAWQ" target="_blank">Issues</a>
       </div>

     </div>
   </header>


     <div class="container">

       <!--googleoff: index-->
       <div id="sub-nav" class="js-sidenav nav-container" role="navigation">
   <a class="sidenav-title" data-behavior="SubMenuMobile">  Doc Index</a>
   <div class="nav-content">
     <ul>
       <li>
         Apache HAWQ (incubating)
       </li>
       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/requirements/system-requirements.html">System Requirements</a>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu">
         <span>
           HAWQ System Overview
         </span>
         <ul>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/overview/HAWQOverview.html">What is HAWQ?</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/overview/HAWQArchitecture.html">HAWQ Architecture</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/overview/TableDistributionStorage.html">Table Distribution and Storage</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/overview/ElasticSegments.html">Elastic Query Execution Runtime</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/overview/ResourceManagement.html">Resource Management</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/overview/HDFSCatalogCache.html">HDFS Catalog Cache</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/overview/ManagementTools.html">Management Tools</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/overview/RedundancyFailover.html">High Availability, Redundancy and Fault Tolerance</a>
           </li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu">
         <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/tutorial/overview.html">Getting Started with HAWQ Tutorial</a>
           <ul>
             <li>
               <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/tutorial/gettingstarted/introhawqenv.html">Lesson 1 - Runtime Environment</a>
             </li>
             <li>
               <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/tutorial/gettingstarted/basichawqadmin.html">Lesson 2 - Cluster Administration</a>
             </li>
             <li>
               <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/tutorial/gettingstarted/basicdbadmin.html">Lesson 3 - Database Administration</a>
             </li>
             <li>
               <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/tutorial/gettingstarted/dataandscripts.html">Lesson 4 - Sample Data Set and HAWQ Schemas</a>
             </li>
             <li>
               <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/tutorial/gettingstarted/introhawqtbls.html">Lesson 5 - HAWQ Tables</a>
             </li>
             <li>
               <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/tutorial/gettingstarted/intropxfhdfs.html">Lesson 6 - HAWQ Extension Framework (PXF)</a>
             </li>
           </ul>
         </li>

       <li class="has_submenu">
         <span>
           Running a HAWQ Cluster
         </span>
         <ul>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/RunningHAWQ.html">Overview</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/setuphawqopenv.html">Introducing the HAWQ Operating Environment</a>
           </li>
           <li class="has_submenu">
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/ambari-admin.html">Managing HAWQ Using Ambari</a>
            <ul>
             <li>
               <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/ambari-rest-api.html">Using the Ambari REST API</a>
             </li>
            </ul>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/startstop.html">Starting and Stopping HAWQ</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/ClusterExpansion.html">Expanding a Cluster</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/ClusterShrink.html">Removing a Node</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/BackingUpandRestoringHAWQDatabases.html">Backing Up and Restoring HAWQ</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/HighAvailability.html">High Availability in HAWQ</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/MasterMirroring.html">Master Mirroring</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/HAWQFilespacesandHighAvailabilityEnabledHDFS.html">HAWQ Filespaces and High Availability Enabled HDFS</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/FaultTolerance.html">Understanding the Fault Tolerance Service</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/RecommendedMonitoringTasks.html">Recommended Monitoring and Maintenance Tasks</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/maintain.html">Routine System Maintenance Tasks</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/monitor.html">Monitoring a HAWQ System</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/logfiles.html">HAWQ Administrative Log Files</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/admin/packcore.html">HAWQ Packcore Utility</a>
           </li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu">
         <span>
           Managing Resources
         </span>
         <ul>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/resourcemgmt/HAWQResourceManagement.html">How HAWQ Manages Resources</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/resourcemgmt/best-practices.html">Best Practices for Configuring Resource Management</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/resourcemgmt/ConfigureResourceManagement.html">Configuring Resource Management</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/resourcemgmt/YARNIntegration.html">Integrating YARN with HAWQ</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/resourcemgmt/ResourceQueues.html">Working with Hierarchical Resource Queues</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/resourcemgmt/ResourceManagerStatus.html">Analyzing Resource Manager Status</a>
           </li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu">
         <span>
           Managing Client Access
         </span>
         <ul>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/client_auth.html">Configuring Client Authentication</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/ldap.html">Using LDAP Authentication with TLS/SSL</a>
           </li>
           <li class="has_submenu">
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/kerberos.html">Using Kerberos Authentication</a>
             <ul>
               <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/kerberos-securehdfs.html">Configuring HAWQ/PXF for Secure HDFS</a>
               </li>
               <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/kerberos-userauth.html">Configuring Kerberos User Authentication for HAWQ</a>
               </li>
               <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/kerberos-mitkdc.html">Example - Setting up an MIT KDC Server</a>
               </li>
             </ul>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/disable-kerberos.html">Disabling Kerberos Security</a>
           </li>
           <li>
               <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/hawq-access-checks.html">Overview of HAWQ Authorization</a>
           </li>
           <li>
               <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/roles_privs.html">Using HAWQ Native Authorization</a>
           </li>
           <li class="has_submenu">
                      <span>
                         Using Ranger for Authorization
                      </span>
                <ul>
                   <li>
                      <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ranger/ranger-overview.html">Overview of Ranger Policy Management</a>
                   </li>
                   <li>
                      <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ranger/ranger-integration-config.html">Configuring HAWQ to use Ranger Policy Management</a>
                   </li>
                   <li class="has_submenu">
                      <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ranger/ranger-policy-creation.html">Creating HAWQ Authorization Policies in Ranger</a>
                     <ul>
                       <li>
                          <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ranger/ranger-resource-perms.html">HAWQ Resources and Permissions</a>
                       </li>
                       <li>
                          <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ranger/ranger-sqlcmd-summary.html">SQL Command Permissions Summary</a>
                       </li>
                       <li>
                          <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ranger/madlib-ranger.html">Using MADLib with Ranger Authorization</a>
                       </li>
                     </ul>
                   </li>
                   <li>
                      <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ranger/ranger-auditing.html">Auditing Authorization Events</a>
                   </li>
                   <li>
                      <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ranger/ranger-ha.html">High Availability and HAWQ Ranger</a>
                   </li>
                   <li>
                      <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ranger/ranger-kerberos.html">HAWQ Ranger Kerberos Integration</a>
                   </li>
                </ul>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/g-establishing-a-database-session.html">Establishing a Database Session</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/g-hawq-database-client-applications.html">HAWQ Client Applications</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/g-connecting-with-psql.html">Connecting with psql</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/g-database-application-interfaces.html">HAWQ Database Drivers and APIs</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/clientaccess/g-troubleshooting-connection-problems.html">Troubleshooting Connection Problems</a>
           </li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu">
         <span>
           Defining Database Objects
         </span>
         <ul>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ddl/ddl.html">Overview</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ddl/ddl-database.html">Creating and Managing Databases</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ddl/ddl-tablespace.html">Creating and Managing Tablespaces</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ddl/ddl-schema.html">Creating and Managing Schemas</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ddl/ddl-table.html">Creating and Managing Tables</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ddl/locate-table-hdfs.html"> Identifying HAWQ Table HDFS Files</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ddl/ddl-storage.html">Choosing the Table Storage Model</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ddl/ddl-partition.html">Partitioning Large Tables</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/ddl/ddl-view.html">Creating and Managing Views</a>
           </li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu">
         <span>
           Using Procedural Languages
         </span>
         <ul>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/plext/UsingProceduralLanguages.html">Using Languages in HAWQ</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/plext/builtin_langs.html">Using HAWQ Built-In Languages</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/plext/using_pljava.html">Using PL/Java</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/plext/using_plpgsql.html">Using PL/pgSQL</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/plext/using_plpython.html">Using PL/Python</a>
           </li>
           <li>
             <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/plext/using_plr.html">Using PL/R</a>
           </li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/dml.html">Managing Data with HAWQ</a>
         <ul>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/BasicDataOperations.html">Basic Data Operations</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/about_statistics.html">About Database Statistics</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/ConcurrencyControl.html">Concurrency Control</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/Transactions.html">Working with Transactions</a></li>
           <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-loading-and-unloading-data.html">Loading and Unloading Data</a>
             <ul>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-working-with-file-based-ext-tables.html">Working with File-Based External Tables</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-external-tables.html">Accessing File-Based External Tables</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-gpfdist-protocol.html">gpfdist Protocol</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-gpfdists-protocol.html">gpfdists Protocol</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-handling-errors-ext-table-data.html">Handling Errors in External Table Data</a></li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-using-the-hawq-file-server--gpfdist-.html">Using the HAWQ File Server (gpfdist)</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-about-gpfdist-setup-and-performance.html">About gpfdist Setup and Performance</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-controlling-segment-parallelism.html">Controlling Segment Parallelism</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-installing-gpfdist.html">Installing gpfdist</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-starting-and-stopping-gpfdist.html">Starting and Stopping gpfdist</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-troubleshooting-gpfdist.html">Troubleshooting gpfdist</a></li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-creating-and-using-web-external-tables.html">Creating and Using Web External Tables</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-command-based-web-external-tables.html">Command-based Web External Tables</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-url-based-web-external-tables.html">URL-based Web External Tables</a></li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-loading-data-using-an-external-table.html">Loading Data Using an External Table</a></li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-loading-and-writing-non-hdfs-custom-data.html">Loading and Writing Non-HDFS Custom Data</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-using-a-custom-format.html">Using a Custom Format</a>
                     <ul>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-importing-and-exporting-fixed-width-data.html">Importing and Exporting Fixed Width Data</a></li>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-examples-read-fixed-width-data.html">Examples - Read Fixed-Width Data</a></li>
                     </ul>
                   </li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/creating-external-tables-examples.html">Creating External Tables - Examples</a>
               </li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-handling-load-errors.html">Handling Load Errors</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-define-an-external-table-with-single-row-error-isolation.html">Define an External Table with Single Row Error Isolation</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-create-an-error-table-and-declare-a-reject-limit.html">Capture Row Formatting Errors and Declare a Reject Limit </a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-identifying-invalid-csv-files-in-error-table-data.html">Identifying Invalid CSV Files in Error Table Data</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-moving-data-between-tables.html">Moving Data between Tables</a></li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-register_files.html">Registering Files into HAWQ Internal Tables</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-loading-data-with-hawqload.html">Loading Data with hawq load</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-loading-data-with-copy.html">Loading Data with COPY</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-running-copy-in-single-row-error-isolation-mode.html">Running COPY in Single Row Error Isolation Mode</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-optimizing-data-load-and-query-performance.html">Optimizing Data Load and Query Performance</a></li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-unloading-data-from-hawq-database.html">Unloading Data from HAWQ</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-defining-a-file-based-writable-external-table.html">Defining a File-Based Writable External Table</a>
                     <ul>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-example-hawq-file-server-gpfdist.html">Example - HAWQ file server (gpfdist)</a></li>
                     </ul>
                   </li>
                   <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-defining-a-command-based-writable-external-web-table.html">Defining a Command-Based Writable External Web Table</a>
                     <ul>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-disabling-execute-for-web-or-writable-external-tables.html">Disabling EXECUTE for Web or Writable External Tables</a></li>
                     </ul>
                   </li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-unloading-data-using-a-writable-external-table.html">Unloading Data Using a Writable External Table</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-unloading-data-using-copy.html">Unloading Data Using COPY</a></li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-transforming-xml-data.html">Transforming XML Data</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-determine-the-transformation-schema.html">Determine the Transformation Schema</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-write-a-transform.html">Write a Transform</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-write-the-gpfdist-configuration.html">Write the gpfdist Configuration</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-load-the-data.html">Load the Data</a></li>
                   <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-transfer-and-store-the-data.html">Transfer and Store the Data</a>
                     <ul>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-transforming-with-gpload.html">Transforming with GPLOAD</a></li>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-transforming-with-insert-into-select-from.html">Transforming with INSERT INTO SELECT FROM</a></li>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-configuration-file-format.html">Configuration File Format</a></li>
                     </ul>
                   </li>
                   <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-xml-transformation-examples.html">XML Transformation Examples</a>
                     <ul>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-example-1-dblp-database-publications-in-demo-directory.html">Command-based Web External Tables</a></li>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-example-irs-mef-xml-files-in-demo-directory.html">Example using IRS MeF XML Files (In demo Directory)</a></li>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-example-witsml-files-in-demo-directory.html">Example using WITSML™ Files (In demo Directory)</a></li>
                     </ul>
                   </li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-formatting-data-files.html">Formatting Data Files</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-formatting-rows.html">Formatting Rows</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-formatting-columns.html">Formatting Columns</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-representing-null-values.html">Representing NULL Values</a></li>
                   <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-escaping.html">Escaping</a>
                     <ul>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-escaping-in-text-formatted-files.html">Escaping in Text Formatted Files</a></li>
                       <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-escaping-in-csv-formatted-files.html">Escaping in CSV Formatted Files</a></li>
                     </ul>
                   </li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/load/g-character-encoding.html">Character Encoding</a></li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
             </ul>
           </li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/datamgmt/HAWQInputFormatforMapReduce.html">HAWQ InputFormat for MapReduce</a></li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/HawqExtensionFrameworkPXF.html">Using PXF with Unmanaged Data</a>
             <ul>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/InstallPXFPlugins.html">Installing PXF Plugins</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/ConfigurePXF.html">Configuring PXF</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/HDFSFileDataPXF.html">Accessing HDFS File Data</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/HivePXF.html">Accessing Hive Data</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/HBasePXF.html">Accessing HBase Data</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/JsonPXF.html">Accessing JSON Data</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/JdbcPXF.html">Accessing External SQL Databases</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/HDFSWritablePXF.html">Writing Data to HDFS</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/ReadWritePXF.html">Using Profiles to Read and Write Data</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/PXFExternalTableandAPIReference.html">PXF External Tables and API</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/TroubleshootingPXF.html">Troubleshooting PXF</a></li>
             </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/query.html">Querying Data</a>
         <ul>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/HAWQQueryProcessing.html">About HAWQ Query Processing</a></li>
           <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/gporca/query-gporca-optimizer.html">About GPORCA</a>
             <ul>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/gporca/query-gporca-overview.html">Overview of GPORCA</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/gporca/query-gporca-features.html">GPORCA Features and Enhancements</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/gporca/query-gporca-enable.html">Enabling GPORCA</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/gporca/query-gporca-notes.html">Considerations when Using GPORCA</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/gporca/query-gporca-fallback.html">Determining The Query Optimizer In Use</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/gporca/query-gporca-changed.html">Changed Behavior with GPORCA</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/gporca/query-gporca-limitations.html">GPORCA Limitations</a></li>
             </ul>
           </li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/defining-queries.html">Defining Queries</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/functions-operators.html">Using Functions and Operators</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/query-performance.html">Query Performance</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/query/query-profiling.html">Query Profiling</a></li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/bestpractices/HAWQBestPracticesOverview.html">Best Practices</a>
         <ul>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/bestpractices/config_hawq_bestpractices.html">Configuring HAWQ</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/bestpractices/operating_hawq_bestpractices.html">Operating HAWQ</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/bestpractices/secure_bestpractices.html">Securing HAWQ</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/bestpractices/managing_resources_bestpractices.html">Managing Resources</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/bestpractices/managing_data_bestpractices.html">Managing Data</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/bestpractices/querying_data_bestpractices.html">Querying Data</a></li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/troubleshooting/Troubleshooting.html">Troubleshooting</a>
         <ul>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/troubleshooting/Troubleshooting.html#topic_dwd_rnx_15">Query Performance Issues</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/troubleshooting/Troubleshooting.html#topic_vm5_znx_15">Rejection of Query Resource Requests</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/troubleshooting/Troubleshooting.html#topic_qq4_rkl_wv">Queries Cancelled Due to High VMEM Usage</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/troubleshooting/Troubleshooting.html#topic_hlj_zxx_15">Segments Do Not Appear in gp_segment_configuration</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/troubleshooting/Troubleshooting.html#topic_mdz_q2y_15">Handling Segment Resource Fragmentation</a></li>
         </ul>
       </li>
       <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/hawq-reference.html">HAWQ Reference</a>
         <ul>
           <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/SQLCommandReference.html">SQL Commands</a>
             <ul>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ABORT.html">ABORT</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-AGGREGATE.html">ALTER AGGREGATE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-CONVERSION.html">ALTER CONVERSION</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-DATABASE.html">ALTER DATABASE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-FUNCTION.html">ALTER FUNCTION</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-OPERATOR.html">ALTER OPERATOR</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-OPERATOR-CLASS.html">ALTER OPERATOR CLASS</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-RESOURCE-QUEUE.html">ALTER RESOURCE QUEUE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-ROLE.html">ALTER ROLE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-SEQUENCE.html">ALTER SEQUENCE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-TABLE.html">ALTER TABLE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-TABLESPACE.html">ALTER TABLESPACE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-TYPE.html">ALTER TYPE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ALTER-USER.html">ALTER USER</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ANALYZE.html">ANALYZE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/BEGIN.html">BEGIN</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CHECKPOINT.html">CHECKPOINT</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CLOSE.html">CLOSE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/COMMIT.html">COMMIT</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/COPY.html">COPY</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-AGGREGATE.html">CREATE AGGREGATE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-CAST.html">CREATE CAST</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-CONVERSION.html">CREATE CONVERSION</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-DATABASE.html">CREATE DATABASE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-EXTERNAL-TABLE.html">CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-FUNCTION.html">CREATE FUNCTION</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-GROUP.html">CREATE GROUP</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-LANGUAGE.html">CREATE LANGUAGE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-OPERATOR.html">CREATE OPERATOR</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-OPERATOR-CLASS.html">CREATE OPERATOR CLASS</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-RESOURCE-QUEUE.html">CREATE RESOURCE QUEUE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-ROLE.html">CREATE ROLE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-SCHEMA.html">CREATE SCHEMA</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-SEQUENCE.html">CREATE SEQUENCE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-TABLE.html">CREATE TABLE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-TABLE-AS.html">CREATE TABLE AS</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-TABLESPACE.html">CREATE TABLESPACE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-TYPE.html">CREATE TYPE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-USER.html">CREATE USER</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-VIEW.html">CREATE VIEW</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DEALLOCATE.html">DEALLOCATE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DECLARE.html">DECLARE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-AGGREGATE.html">DROP AGGREGATE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-CAST.html">DROP CAST</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-CONVERSION.html">DROP CONVERSION</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-DATABASE.html">DROP DATABASE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-EXTERNAL-TABLE.html">DROP EXTERNAL TABLE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-FILESPACE.html">DROP FILESPACE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-FUNCTION.html">DROP FUNCTION</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-GROUP.html">DROP GROUP</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-LANGUAGE.html">DROP LANGUAGE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-OPERATOR.html">DROP OPERATOR</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-OPERATOR-CLASS.html">DROP OPERATOR CLASS</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-OWNED.html">DROP OWNED</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-RESOURCE-QUEUE.html">DROP RESOURCE QUEUE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-ROLE.html">DROP ROLE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-SCHEMA.html">DROP SCHEMA</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-SEQUENCE.html">DROP SEQUENCE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-TABLE.html">DROP TABLE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-TABLESPACE.html">DROP TABLESPACE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-TYPE.html">DROP TYPE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-USER.html">DROP USER</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/DROP-VIEW.html">DROP VIEW</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/END.html">END</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/EXECUTE.html">EXECUTE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/EXPLAIN.html">EXPLAIN</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/FETCH.html">FETCH</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/GRANT.html">GRANT</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/INSERT.html">INSERT</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/PREPARE.html">PREPARE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/REASSIGN-OWNED.html">REASSIGN OWNED</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/RELEASE-SAVEPOINT.html">RELEASE SAVEPOINT</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/RESET.html">RESET</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/REVOKE.html">REVOKE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ROLLBACK.html">ROLLBACK</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/ROLLBACK-TO-SAVEPOINT.html">ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/SAVEPOINT.html">SAVEPOINT</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/SELECT.html">SELECT</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/SELECT-INTO.html">SELECT INTO</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/SET.html">SET</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/SET-ROLE.html">SET ROLE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/SET-SESSION-AUTHORIZATION.html">SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/SHOW.html">SHOW</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/TRUNCATE.html">TRUNCATE</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/VACUUM.html">VACUUM</a></li>
             </ul>
           </li>
           <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/HAWQSiteConfig.html">Server Configuration Parameter Reference</a>
             <ul>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_config.html">About Server Configuration Parameters</a></li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html">Configuration Parameter Categories</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic_hfd_1tl_zp">Append-Only Table Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic39">Client Connection Default Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic12">Connection and Authentication Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic47">Database and Tablespace/Filespace Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic29">Error Reporting and Logging Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic45">External Table Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic57">GPORCA Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic49">HAWQ Array Configuration Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic_pxfparam">HAWQ Extension Framework (PXF) Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic56">HAWQ PL/Java Extension Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#hawq_resource_management">HAWQ Resource Management Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic43">Lock Management Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic48">Past PostgreSQL Version Compatibility Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic21">Query Tuning Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#ranger_related">Ranger Configuration Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#statistics_collection">Statistics Collection Parameters</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/guc_category-list.html#topic15">System Resource Consumption Parameters</a></li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html">Configuration Parameters</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#add_missing_from">add_missing_from</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#application_name">application_name</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#array_nulls">array_nulls</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#authentication_timeout">authentication_timeout</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#backslash_quote">backslash_quote</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#block_size">block_size</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#bonjour_name">bonjour_name</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#check_function_bodies">check_function_bodies</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#client_encoding">client_encoding</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#client_min_messages">client_min_messages</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#cpu_index_tuple_cost">cpu_index_tuple_cost</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#cpu_operator_cost">cpu_operator_cost</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#cpu_tuple_cost">cpu_tuple_cost</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#cursor_tuple_fraction">cursor_tuple_fraction</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#custom_variable_classes">custom_variable_classes</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#DateStyle">DateStyle</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#db_user_namespace">db_user_namespace</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#deadlock_timeout">deadlock_timeout</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#debug_assertions">debug_assertions</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#debug_pretty_print">debug_pretty_print</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#debug_print_parse">debug_print_parse</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#debug_print_plan">debug_print_plan</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#debug_print_prelim_plan">debug_print_prelim_plan</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#debug_print_rewritten">debug_print_rewritten</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#debug_print_slice_table">debug_print_slice_table</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#topic_fqj_4fd_kv">default_hash_table_bucket_number</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#default_statistics_target">default_statistics_target</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#default_tablespace">default_tablespace</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#default_transaction_isolation">default_transaction_isolation</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#default_transaction_read_only">default_transaction_read_only</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#dynamic_library_path">dynamic_library_path</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#effective_cache_size">effective_cache_size</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_bitmapscan">enable_bitmapscan</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_groupagg">enable_groupagg</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_hashagg">enable_hashagg</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_hashjoin">enable_hashjoin</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_indexscan">enable_indexscan</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_mergejoin">enable_mergejoin</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_nestloop">enable_nestloop</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_seqscan">enable_seqscan</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_sort">enable_sort</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#enable_tidscan">enable_tidscan</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#escape_string_warning">escape_string_warning</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#explain_pretty_print">explain_pretty_print</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#extra_float_digits">extra_float_digits</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#from_collapse_limit">from_collapse_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_adjust_selectivity_for_outerjoins">gp_adjust_selectivity_for_outerjoins</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_analyze_relative_error">gp_analyze_relative_error</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_autostats_mode">gp_autostats_mode</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#topic_imj_zhf_gw">gp_autostats_on_change_threshhold</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_backup_directIO">gp_backup_directIO</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_backup_directIO_read_chunk_mb">gp_backup_directIO_read_chunk_mb</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_cached_segworkers_threshold">gp_cached_segworkers_threshold</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_command_count">gp_command_count</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_connections_per_thread">gp_connections_per_thread</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_debug_linger">gp_debug_linger</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_dynamic_partition_pruning">gp_dynamic_partition_pruning</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_agg_distinct">gp_enable_agg_distinct</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_agg_distinct_pruning">gp_enable_agg_distinct_pruning</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_direct_dispatch">gp_enable_direct_dispatch</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_fallback_plan">gp_enable_fallback_plan</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_fast_sri">gp_enable_fast_sri</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_groupext_distinct_gather">gp_enable_groupext_distinct_gather</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_groupext_distinct_pruning">gp_enable_groupext_distinct_pruning</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_multiphase_agg">gp_enable_multiphase_agg</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_predicate_propagation">gp_enable_predicate_propagation</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_preunique">gp_enable_preunique</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_sequential_window_plans">gp_enable_sequential_window_plans</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_sort_distinct">gp_enable_sort_distinct</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_enable_sort_limit">gp_enable_sort_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_external_enable_exec">gp_external_enable_exec</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_external_grant_privileges">gp_external_grant_privileges</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_external_max_segs">gp_external_max_segs</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_filerep_tcp_keepalives_count">gp_filerep_tcp_keepalives_count</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_filerep_tcp_keepalives_idle">gp_filerep_tcp_keepalives_idle</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_filerep_tcp_keepalives_interval">gp_filerep_tcp_keepalives_interval</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_hashjoin_tuples_per_bucket">gp_hashjoin_tuples_per_bucket</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_idf_deduplicate">gp_idf_deduplicate</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_cache_future_packets">gp_interconnect_cache_future_packets</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_default_rtt">gp_interconnect_default_rtt</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_fc_method">gp_interconnect_fc_method</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_hash_multiplier">gp_interconnect_hash_multiplier</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_min_retries_before_timeout">gp_interconnect_min_retries_before_timeout</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_min_rto">gp_interconnect_min_rto</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_queue_depth">gp_interconnect_queue_depth</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_setup_timeout">gp_interconnect_setup_timeout</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_snd_queue_depth">gp_interconnect_snd_queue_depth</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_timer_checking_period">gp_interconnect_timer_checking_period</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_timer_period">gp_interconnect_timer_period</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_interconnect_type">gp_interconnect_type</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_log_format">gp_log_format</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_max_csv_line_length">gp_max_csv_line_length</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_max_databases">gp_max_databases</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_max_filespaces">gp_max_filespaces</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_max_packet_size">gp_max_packet_size</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_max_plan_size">gp_max_plan_size</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_max_tablespaces">gp_max_tablespaces</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_motion_cost_per_row">gp_motion_cost_per_row</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_reject_percent_threshold">gp_reject_percent_threshold</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_reraise_signal">gp_reraise_signal</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_role">gp_role</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_safefswritesize">gp_safefswritesize</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_segment_connect_timeout">gp_segment_connect_timeout</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_segments_for_planner">gp_segments_for_planner</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_session_id">gp_session_id</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_set_proc_affinity">gp_set_proc_affinity</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_set_read_only">gp_set_read_only</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_statistics_pullup_from_child_partition">gp_statistics_pullup_from_child_partition</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_statistics_use_fkeys">gp_statistics_use_fkeys</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_vmem_idle_resource_timeout">gp_vmem_idle_resource_timeout</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_vmem_protect_segworker_cache_limit">gp_vmem_protect_segworker_cache_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_workfile_checksumming">gp_workfile_checksumming</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_workfile_compress_algorithm">gp_workfile_compress_algorithm</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_workfile_limit_files_per_query">gp_workfile_limit_files_per_query</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_workfile_limit_per_query">gp_workfile_limit_per_query</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#gp_workfile_limit_per_segment">gp_workfile_limit_per_segment</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_acl_type">hawq_acl_type</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_dfs_url">hawq_dfs_url</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_global_rm_type">hawq_global_rm_type</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_master_address_host">hawq_master_address_host</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_master_address_port">hawq_master_address_port</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_master_directory">hawq_master_directory</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_master_temp_directory">hawq_master_temp_directory</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_re_memory_overcommit_max">hawq_re_memory_overcommit_max</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_cluster_report">hawq_rm_cluster_report_period</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_force_alterqueue_cancel_queued_request">hawq_rm_force_alterqueue_cancel_queued_request</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_master_port">hawq_rm_master_port</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_memory_limit_perseg">hawq_rm_memory_limit_perseg</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_min_resource_perseg">hawq_rm_min_resource_perseg</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_nresqueue_limit">hawq_rm_nresqueue_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_nslice_perseg_limit">hawq_rm_nslice_perseg_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_nvcore_limit_perseg">hawq_rm_nvcore_limit_perseg</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_nvseg_perquery_limit">hawq_rm_nvseg_perquery_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_nvseg_perquery_perseg_limit">hawq_rm_nvseg_perquery_perseg_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_nvseg_variance_amon_seg_limit">hawq_rm_nvseg_variance_amon_seg_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_rejectrequest_nseg_limit">hawq_rm_rejectrequest_nseg_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_resource_idle_timeout">hawq_rm_resource_idle_timeout</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_return_percent_on_overcommit">hawq_rm_return_percent_on_overcommit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_segment_heartbeat_interval">hawq_rm_segment_heartbeat_interval</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_segment_port">hawq_rm_segment_port</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_stmt_nvseg">hawq_rm_stmt_nvseg</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_stmt_vseg_memory">hawq_rm_stmt_vseg_memory</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_tolerate_nseg_limit">hawq_rm_tolerate_nseg_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_yarn_address">hawq_rm_yarn_address</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_yarn_app_name">hawq_rm_yarn_app_name</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_yarn_queue_name">hawq_rm_yarn_queue_name</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rm_yarn_scheduler_address">hawq_rm_yarn_scheduler_address</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rps_address_port">hawq_rps_address_port</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_rps_check_local_interval">hawq_rps_check_local_interval</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_segment_address_port">hawq_segment_address_port</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_segment_directory">hawq_segment_directory</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#hawq_segment_temp_directory">hawq_segment_temp_directory</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#integer_datetimes">integer_datetimes</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#IntervalStyle">IntervalStyle</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#join_collapse_limit">join_collapse_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#krb_caseins_users">krb_caseins_users</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#krb_server_keyfile">krb_server_keyfile</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#krb_srvname">krb_srvname</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#lc_collate">lc_collate</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#lc_ctype">lc_ctype</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#lc_messages">lc_messages</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#lc_monetary">lc_monetary</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#lc_numeric">lc_numeric</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#lc_time">lc_time</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#listen_addresses">listen_addresses</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#local_preload_libraries">local_preload_libraries</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_autostats">log_autostats</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_connections">log_connections</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_disconnections">log_disconnections</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_dispatch_stats">log_dispatch_stats</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_duration">log_duration</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_error_verbosity">log_error_verbosity</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_executor_stats">log_executor_stats</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_hostname">log_hostname</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_min_duration_statement">log_min_duration_statement</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_min_error_statement">log_min_error_statement</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_min_messages">log_min_messages</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_parser_stats">log_parser_stats</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_planner_stats">log_planner_stats</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_rotation_age">log_rotation_age</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_rotation_size">log_rotation_size</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_statement">log_statement</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_statement_stats">log_statement_stats</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_timezone">log_timezone</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#log_truncate_on_rotation">log_truncate_on_rotation</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_appendonly_tables">max_appendonly_tables</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_connections">max_connections</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_files_per_process">max_files_per_process</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_fsm_pages">max_fsm_pages</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_fsm_relations">max_fsm_relations</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_function_args">max_function_args</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_identifier_length">max_identifier_length</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_index_keys">max_index_keys</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_locks_per_transaction">max_locks_per_transaction</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_prepared_transactions">max_prepared_transactions</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#max_stack_depth">max_stack_depth</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#optimizer">optimizer</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#optimizer_analyze_root_partition">optimizer_analyze_root_partition</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#optimizer_minidump">optimizer_minidump</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#optimizer_parts_to_force_sort_on_insert">optimizer_parts_to_force_sort_on_insert</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#optimizer_prefer_scalar_dqa_multistage_agg">optimizer_prefer_scalar_dqa_multistage_agg</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#password_encryption">password_encryption</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pgstat_track_activity_query_size">pgstat_track_activity_query_size</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pljava_classpath">pljava_classpath</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pljava_statement_cache_size">pljava_statement_cache_size</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pljava_release_lingering_savepoints">pljava_release_lingering_savepoints</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pljava_vmoptions">pljava_vmoptions</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#port">port</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pxf_enable_filter_pushdown">pxf_enable_filter_pushdown</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pxf_enable_stat_collection">pxf_enable_stat_collection</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pxf_remote_service_login">pxf_remote_service_login</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pxf_remote_service_secret">pxf_remote_service_secret</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pxf_service_address">pxf_service_address</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pxf_service_port">pxf_service_port</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#pxf_stat_max_fragments">pxf_stat_max_fragments</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#random_page_cost">random_page_cost</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#regex_flavor">regex_flavor</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#runaway_detector_activation_percent">runaway_detector_activation_percent</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#search_path">search_path</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#seg_max_connections">seg_max_connections</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#seq_page_cost">seq_page_cost</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#server_encoding">server_encoding</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#server_ticket_renew_interval">server_ticket_renew_interval</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#server_version">server_version</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#server_version_num">server_version_num</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#shared_buffers">shared_buffers</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#shared_preload_libraries">shared_preload_libraries</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#ssl">ssl</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#ssl_ciphers">ssl_ciphers</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#standard_conforming_strings">standard_conforming_strings</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#statement_timeout">statement_timeout</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#superuser_reserved_connections">superuser_reserved_connections</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#tcp_keepalives_count">tcp_keepalives_count</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#tcp_keepalives_idle">tcp_keepalives_idle</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#tcp_keepalives_interval">tcp_keepalives_interval</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#temp_buffers">temp_buffers</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#TimeZone">TimeZone</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#timezone_abbreviations">timezone_abbreviations</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#track_activities">track_activities</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#track_counts">track_counts</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#transaction_isolation">transaction_isolation</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#transaction_read_only">transaction_read_only</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#transform_null_equals">transform_null_equals</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#unix_socket_directory">unix_socket_directory</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#unix_socket_group">unix_socket_group</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#unix_socket_permissions">unix_socket_permissions</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#update_process_title">update_process_title</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#vacuum_cost_delay">vacuum_cost_delay</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#vacuum_cost_limit">vacuum_cost_limit</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#vacuum_cost_page_dirty">vacuum_cost_page_dirty</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#vacuum_cost_page_miss">vacuum_cost_page_miss</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#vacuum_freeze_min_age">vacuum_freeze_min_age</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/guc/parameter_definitions.html#xid_stop_limit">xid_stop_limit</a></li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/HAWQSampleSiteConfig.html">Sample hawq-site.xml Configuration File</a></li>
             </ul>
           </li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/HDFSConfigurationParameterReference.html">HDFS Configuration Reference</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/HAWQEnvironmentVariables.html">Environment Variables</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/CharacterSetSupportReference.html">Character Set Support Reference</a></li>
           <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/HAWQDataTypes.html">Data Types</a></li>
           <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/catalog_ref.html">System Catalog Reference</a>
             <ul>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/catalog_ref-tables.html">System Tables</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/catalog_ref-views.html">System Views</a></li>
               <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/catalog_ref-html.html">System Catalogs Definitions</a>
                 <ul>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_configuration_history.html">gp_configuration_history</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_distribution_policy.html">gp_distribution_policy</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_global_sequence.html">gp_global_sequence</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_master_mirroring.html">gp_master_mirroring</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_persistent_database_node.html">gp_persistent_database_node</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_persistent_filespace_node.html">gp_persistent_filespace_node</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_persistent_relation_node.html">gp_persistent_relation_node</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_persistent_relfile_node.html">gp_persistent_relfile_node</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_persistent_tablespace_node.html">gp_persistent_tablespace_node</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_relfile_node.html">gp_relfile_node</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_segment_configuration.html">gp_segment_configuration</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/gp_version_at_initdb.html">gp_version_at_initdb</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_aggregate.html">pg_aggregate</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_am.html">pg_am</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_amop.html">pg_amop</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_amproc.html">pg_amproc</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_appendonly.html">pg_appendonly</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_attrdef.html">pg_attrdef</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_attribute.html">pg_attribute</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_attribute_encoding.html">pg_attribute_encoding</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_auth_members.html">pg_auth_members</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_authid.html">pg_authid</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_cast.html">pg_cast</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_class.html">pg_class</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_compression.html">pg_compression</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_constraint.html">pg_constraint</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_conversion.html">pg_conversion</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_database.html">pg_database</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_depend.html">pg_depend</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_description.html">pg_description</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_exttable.html">pg_exttable</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_filespace.html">pg_filespace</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_filespace_entry.html">pg_filespace_entry</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_index.html">pg_index</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_inherits.html">pg_inherits</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_language.html">pg_language</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_largeobject.html">pg_largeobject</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_listener.html">pg_listener</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_locks.html">pg_locks</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_namespace.html">pg_namespace</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_opclass.html">pg_opclass</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_operator.html">pg_operator</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_partition.html">pg_partition</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_partition_columns.html">pg_partition_columns</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_partition_encoding.html">pg_partition_encoding</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_partition_rule.html">pg_partition_rule</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_partition_templates.html">pg_partition_templates</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_partitions.html">pg_partitions</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_pltemplate.html">pg_pltemplate</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_proc.html">pg_proc</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_resqueue.html">pg_resqueue</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_resqueue_status.html">pg_resqueue_status</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_rewrite.html">pg_rewrite</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_roles.html">pg_roles</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_shdepend.html">pg_shdepend</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_shdescription.html">pg_shdescription</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_stat_activity.html">pg_stat_activity</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_stat_last_operation.html">pg_stat_last_operation</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_stat_last_shoperation.html">pg_stat_last_shoperation</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_stat_operations.html">pg_stat_operations</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_stat_partition_operations.html">pg_stat_partition_operations</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_statistic.html">pg_statistic</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_stats.html">pg_stats</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_tablespace.html">pg_tablespace</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_trigger.html">pg_trigger</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_type.html">pg_type</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_type_encoding.html">pg_type_encoding</a></li>
                   <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/catalog/pg_window.html">pg_window</a></li>
                 </ul>
               </li>
             </ul>
           </li>
           <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/toolkit/hawq_toolkit.html">The hawq_toolkit Administrative Schema</a>
             <ul>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/toolkit/hawq_toolkit.html#topic2">Checking for Tables that Need Routine Maintenance</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/toolkit/hawq_toolkit.html#topic16">Viewing HAWQ Server Log Files</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/toolkit/hawq_toolkit.html#topic38">Checking Database Object Sizes and Disk Space</a></li>
             </ul>
           </li>
           <li class="has_submenu"><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/management_tools.html">HAWQ Management Tools Reference</a>
             <ul>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/analyzedb.html">analyzedb</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/client_utilities/createdb.html">createdb</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/client_utilities/createuser.html">createuser</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/client_utilities/dropdb.html">dropdb</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/client_utilities/dropuser.html">dropuser</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/gpfdist.html">gpfdist</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/gplogfilter.html">gplogfilter</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqactivate.html">hawq activate</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqcheck.html">hawq check</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqcheckperf.html">hawq checkperf</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqconfig.html">hawq config</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqextract.html">hawq extract</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqfilespace.html">hawq filespace</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqinit.html">hawq init</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqload.html">hawq load</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqregister.html">hawq register</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqrestart.html">hawq restart</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqscp.html">hawq scp</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqssh.html">hawq ssh</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqssh-exkeys.html">hawq ssh-exkeys</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqstart.html">hawq start</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqstate.html">hawq state</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/admin_utilities/hawqstop.html">hawq stop</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/client_utilities/pg_dump.html">pg_dump</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/client_utilities/pg_dumpall.html">pg_dumpall</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/client_utilities/pg_restore.html">pg_restore</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/client_utilities/psql.html">psql</a></li>
               <li><a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/cli/client_utilities/vacuumdb.html">vacuumdb</a></li>
             </ul>
           </li>
         </ul>
       </li>
     </ul>
   </div>
 </div>
 <!--end of sub-nav-->

       <!--googleon: index-->

       <main class="content content-layout" id="js-content" role="main">
         <a id="top"></a>

           <h1 class="title-container" >
     Accessing HDFS File Data
   </h1>


           <div id="js-quick-links" >
             <div class="quick-links"><ul>
 <li><a href="#hdfsplugin_prereq">Prerequisites</a></li>
 <li><a href="#hdfsplugin_fileformats">HDFS File Formats</a></li>
 <li><a href="#hdfsplugin_cmdline">HDFS Shell Commands</a></li>
 <li><a href="#hdfsplugin_queryextdata">Querying External HDFS Data</a></li>
 <li>
 <a href="#profile_hdfstextsimple">HdfsTextSimple Profile</a><ul><li><a href="#profile_hdfstextsimple_query">Example: Using the HdfsTextSimple Profile</a></li></ul>
 </li>
 <li>
 <a href="#profile_hdfstextmulti">HdfsTextMulti Profile</a><ul><li><a href="#profile_hdfstextmulti_query">Example: Using the HdfsTextMulti Profile</a></li></ul>
 </li>
 <li>
 <a href="#profile_hdfsavro">Avro Profile</a><ul>
 <li><a href="#profile_hdfsavrodatamap">Data Type Mapping</a></li>
 <li><a href="#profile_hdfsavroptipns">Avro-Specific Custom Options</a></li>
 <li><a href="#topic_tr3_dpg_ts__section_m2p_ztg_ts">Avro Schemas and Data</a></li>
 <li><a href="#topic_tr3_dpg_ts_example">Example: Using the Avro Profile</a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
 <li><a href="#accessdataonahavhdfscluster">Accessing HDFS Data in a High Availability HDFS Cluster</a></li>
 </ul></div>
           </div>
         <div class="to-top" id="js-to-top">
           <a href="#top" title="back to top"></a>
         </div>
         <!--
 Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 distributed with this work for additional information
 regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 specific language governing permissions and limitations
 under the License.
 -->

 <p>HDFS is the primary distributed storage mechanism used by Apache Hadoop applications. The PXF HDFS plug-in reads file data stored in HDFS.  The plug-in supports plain delimited and comma-separated-value format text files.  The HDFS plug-in also supports the Avro binary format.</p>

 <p>This section describes how to use PXF to access HDFS data, including how to create and query an external table from files in the HDFS data store.</p>

 <h2 id="prerequisites"><a id="hdfsplugin_prereq"></a>Prerequisites</h2>

 <p>Before working with HDFS file data using HAWQ and PXF, ensure that:</p>

 <ul>
 <li>  The HDFS plug-in is installed on all cluster nodes. See <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/InstallPXFPlugins.html">Installing PXF Plug-ins</a> for PXF plug-in installation information.</li>
 <li>  All HDFS users have read permissions to HDFS services and that write permissions have been restricted to specific users.</li>
 </ul>

 <h2 id="hdfs-file-formats"><a id="hdfsplugin_fileformats"></a>HDFS File Formats</h2>

 <p>The PXF HDFS plug-in supports reading the following file formats:</p>

 <ul>
 <li>Text File - comma-separated value (.csv) or delimited format plain text file</li>
 <li>Avro - JSON-defined, schema-based data serialization format</li>
 </ul>

 <p>The PXF HDFS plug-in includes the following profiles to support the file formats listed above:</p>

 <ul>
 <li><code>HdfsTextSimple</code> - text files</li>
 <li><code>HdfsTextMulti</code> - text files with embedded line feeds</li>
 <li><code>Avro</code> - Avro files</li>
 </ul>

 <p>If you find that the pre-defined PXF HDFS profiles do not meet your needs, you may choose to create a custom HDFS profile from the existing HDFS serialization and deserialization classes. Refer to <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/pxf/ReadWritePXF.html#addingandupdatingprofiles">Adding and Updating Profiles</a> for information on creating a custom profile.</p>

 <h2 id="hdfs-shell-commands"><a id="hdfsplugin_cmdline"></a>HDFS Shell Commands</h2>

 <p>Hadoop includes command-line tools that interact directly with HDFS.  These tools support typical file system operations including copying and listing files, changing file permissions, and so forth.</p>

 <p>The HDFS file system command syntax is <code>hdfs dfs &lt;options&gt; [&lt;file&gt;]</code>. Invoked with no options, <code>hdfs dfs</code> lists the file system options supported by the tool.</p>

 <p>The user invoking the <code>hdfs dfs</code> command must have sufficient privileges to the HDFS data store to perform HDFS file system operations. Specifically, the user must have write permission to HDFS to create directories and files.</p>

 <p><code>hdfs dfs</code> options used in this topic are:</p>

 <table><thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Option</th>
 <th>Description</th>
 </tr>
 </thead><tbody>
 <tr>
 <td><code>-cat</code></td>
 <td>Display file contents.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><code>-mkdir</code></td>
 <td>Create directory in HDFS.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td><code>-put</code></td>
 <td>Copy file from local file system to HDFS.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody></table>

 <p>Examples:</p>

 <p>Create a directory in HDFS:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /data/exampledir
 </code></pre>

 <p>Copy a text file to HDFS:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hdfs dfs -put /tmp/example.txt /data/exampledir/
 </code></pre>

 <p>Display the contents of a text file in HDFS:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hdfs dfs -cat /data/exampledir/example.txt
 </code></pre>

 <h2 id="querying-external-hdfs-data"><a id="hdfsplugin_queryextdata"></a>Querying External HDFS Data</h2>

 <p>The PXF HDFS plug-in supports the <code>HdfsTextSimple</code>, <code>HdfsTextMulti</code>, and <code>Avro</code> profiles.</p>

 <p>Use the following syntax to create a HAWQ external table representing HDFS data: </p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">EXTERNAL</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="k">table_name</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
     <span class="p">(</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="k">column_name</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">data_type</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="p">[,</span> <span class="p">...]</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="k">LIKE</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">other_table</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="p">)</span>
 <span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'pxf://&lt;host&gt;[:&lt;port&gt;]/&lt;path-to-hdfs-file&gt;
     ?PROFILE=HdfsTextSimple|HdfsTextMulti|Avro[&amp;&lt;custom-option&gt;=&lt;value&gt;[...]]'</span><span class="p">)</span>
 <span class="n">FORMAT</span> <span class="s1">'[TEXT|CSV|CUSTOM]'</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">formatting</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">properties</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">);</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>HDFS-plug-in-specific keywords and values used in the <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/sql/CREATE-EXTERNAL-TABLE.html">CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE</a> call are described in the table below.</p>

 <table><thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Keyword</th>
 <th>Value</th>
 </tr>
 </thead><tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>&lt;host&gt;</td>
 <td>The PXF host. While &lt;host&gt; may identify any PXF agent node, use the HDFS NameNode as it is guaranteed to be available in a running HDFS cluster. If HDFS High Availability is enabled, &lt;host&gt; must identify the HDFS NameService.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>&lt;port&gt;</td>
 <td>The PXF port. If &lt;port&gt; is omitted, PXF assumes &lt;host&gt; identifies a High Availability HDFS Nameservice and connects to the port number designated by the <code>pxf_service_port</code> server configuration parameter value. Default is 51200.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>&lt;path-to-hdfs-file&gt;</td>
 <td>The path to the file in the HDFS data store.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>PROFILE</td>
 <td>The <code>PROFILE</code> keyword must specify one of the values <code>HdfsTextSimple</code>, <code>HdfsTextMulti</code>, or <code>Avro</code>.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>&lt;custom-option&gt;</td>
 <td>&lt;custom-option&gt; is profile-specific. Profile-specific options are discussed in the relevant profile topic later in this section.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>FORMAT &lsquo;TEXT&rsquo;</td>
 <td>Use &rsquo;<code>TEXT</code>&rsquo; <code>FORMAT</code> with the <code>HdfsTextSimple</code> profile when &lt;path-to-hdfs-file&gt; references a plain text delimited file.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>FORMAT &#39;CSV&rsquo;</td>
 <td>Use &rsquo;<code>CSV</code>&rsquo; <code>FORMAT</code> with <code>HdfsTextSimple</code> and <code>HdfsTextMulti</code> profiles when &lt;path-to-hdfs-file&gt; references a comma-separated value file.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>FORMAT &#39;CUSTOM&rsquo;</td>
 <td>Use the<code>CUSTOM</code> <code>FORMAT</code> with  the <code>Avro</code> profile. The <code>Avro</code> &rsquo;<code>CUSTOM</code>&rsquo; <code>FORMAT</code> supports only the built-in <code>(formatter=&#39;pxfwritable_import&#39;)</code> &lt;formatting-property&gt;</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>&lt;formatting-properties&gt;</td>
 <td>&lt;formatting-properties&gt; are profile-specific. Profile-specific formatting options are discussed in the relevant profile topic later in this section.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody></table>

 <p><em>Note</em>: When creating PXF external tables, you cannot use the <code>HEADER</code> option in your <code>FORMAT</code> specification.</p>

 <h2 id="hdfstextsimple-profile"><a id="profile_hdfstextsimple"></a>HdfsTextSimple Profile</h2>

 <p>Use the <code>HdfsTextSimple</code> profile when reading plain text delimited or .csv files where each row is a single record.</p>

 <p>&lt;formatting-properties&gt; supported by the <code>HdfsTextSimple</code> profile include:</p>

 <table><thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Keyword</th>
 <th>Value</th>
 </tr>
 </thead><tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>delimiter</td>
 <td>The delimiter character in the file. Default value is a comma <code>,</code>.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody></table>

 <h3 id="example:-using-the-hdfstextsimple-profile"><a id="profile_hdfstextsimple_query"></a>Example: Using the HdfsTextSimple Profile</h3>

 <p>Perform the following steps to create a sample data file, copy the file to HDFS, and use the <code>HdfsTextSimple</code> profile to create PXF external tables to query the data:</p>

 <ol>
 <li><p>Create an HDFS directory for PXF example data files:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /data/pxf_examples
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Create a delimited plain text data file named <code>pxf_hdfs_simple.txt</code>:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'Prague,Jan,101,4875.33
 Rome,Mar,87,1557.39
 Bangalore,May,317,8936.99
 Beijing,Jul,411,11600.67'</span> &gt; /tmp/pxf_hdfs_simple.txt
 </code></pre>

 <p>Note the use of the comma <code>,</code> to separate the four data fields.</p></li>
 <li><p>Add the data file to HDFS:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hdfs dfs -put /tmp/pxf_hdfs_simple.txt /data/pxf_examples/
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Display the contents of the <code>pxf_hdfs_simple.txt</code> file stored in HDFS:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hdfs dfs -cat /data/pxf_examples/pxf_hdfs_simple.txt
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Use the <code>HdfsTextSimple</code> profile to create a queryable HAWQ external table from the <code>pxf_hdfs_simple.txt</code> file you previously created and added to HDFS:</p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">EXTERNAL</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">pxf_hdfs_textsimple</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">location</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">month</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_orders</span> <span class="n">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">total_sales</span> <span class="n">float8</span><span class="p">)</span>
             <span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'pxf://namenode:51200/data/pxf_examples/pxf_hdfs_simple.txt?PROFILE=HdfsTextSimple'</span><span class="p">)</span>
           <span class="n">FORMAT</span> <span class="s1">'TEXT'</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">delimiter</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">E</span><span class="s1">','</span><span class="p">);</span>
 <span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="k">FROM</span> <span class="n">pxf_hdfs_textsimple</span><span class="p">;</span>
 </code></pre>
 <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>   location    | month | num_orders | total_sales
 ---------------+-------+------------+-------------
  Prague        | Jan   |        101 |     4875.33
  Rome          | Mar   |         87 |     1557.39
  Bangalore     | May   |        317 |     8936.99
  Beijing       | Jul   |        411 |    11600.67
 (4 rows)
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Create a second external table from <code>pxf_hdfs_simple.txt</code>, this time using the <code>CSV</code> <code>FORMAT</code>:</p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">EXTERNAL</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">pxf_hdfs_textsimple_csv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">location</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">month</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_orders</span> <span class="n">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">total_sales</span> <span class="n">float8</span><span class="p">)</span>
             <span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'pxf://namenode:51200/data/pxf_examples/pxf_hdfs_simple.txt?PROFILE=HdfsTextSimple'</span><span class="p">)</span>
           <span class="n">FORMAT</span> <span class="s1">'CSV'</span><span class="p">;</span>
 <span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="k">FROM</span> <span class="n">pxf_hdfs_textsimple_csv</span><span class="p">;</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>When specifying <code>FORMAT &#39;CSV&#39;</code> for a comma-separated value file, no <code>delimiter</code> formatter option is required, as comma is the default.</p></li>
 </ol>

 <h2 id="hdfstextmulti-profile"><a id="profile_hdfstextmulti"></a>HdfsTextMulti Profile</h2>

 <p>Use the <code>HdfsTextMulti</code> profile when reading plain text files with delimited single- or multi- line records that include embedded (quoted) linefeed characters.</p>

 <p>&lt;formatting-properties&gt; supported by the <code>HdfsTextMulti</code> profile include:</p>

 <table><thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Keyword</th>
 <th>Value</th>
 </tr>
 </thead><tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>delimiter</td>
 <td>The delimiter character in the file.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody></table>

 <h3 id="example:-using-the-hdfstextmulti-profile"><a id="profile_hdfstextmulti_query"></a>Example: Using the HdfsTextMulti Profile</h3>

 <p>Perform the following steps to create a sample data file, copy the file to HDFS, and use the <code>HdfsTextMulti</code> profile to create a PXF external table to query the data:</p>

 <ol>
 <li><p>Create a second delimited plain text file:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>vi /tmp/pxf_hdfs_multi.txt
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Copy/paste the following data into <code>pxf_hdfs_multi.txt</code>:</p>
 <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>"4627 Star Rd.
 San Francisco, CA  94107":Sept:2017
 "113 Moon St.
 San Diego, CA  92093":Jan:2018
 "51 Belt Ct.
 Denver, CO  90123":Dec:2016
 "93114 Radial Rd.
 Chicago, IL  60605":Jul:2017
 "7301 Brookview Ave.
 Columbus, OH  43213":Dec:2018
 </code></pre>

 <p>Notice the use of the colon <code>:</code> to separate the three fields. Also notice the quotes around the first (address) field. This field includes an embedded line feed separating the street address from the city and state.</p></li>
 <li><p>Add the data file to HDFS:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hdfs dfs -put /tmp/pxf_hdfs_multi.txt /data/pxf_examples/
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Use the <code>HdfsTextMulti</code> profile to create a queryable external table from the <code>pxf_hdfs_multi.txt</code> HDFS file, making sure to identify the <code>:</code> as the field separator:</p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">EXTERNAL</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">pxf_hdfs_textmulti</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">address</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">month</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">year</span> <span class="n">int</span><span class="p">)</span>
             <span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'pxf://namenode:51200/data/pxf_examples/pxf_hdfs_multi.txt?PROFILE=HdfsTextMulti'</span><span class="p">)</span>
           <span class="n">FORMAT</span> <span class="s1">'CSV'</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">delimiter</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">E</span><span class="s1">':'</span><span class="p">);</span>
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Query the <code>pxf_hdfs_textmulti</code> table:</p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="k">FROM</span> <span class="n">pxf_hdfs_textmulti</span><span class="p">;</span>
 </code></pre>
 <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>         address          | month | year
 --------------------------+-------+------
  4627 Star Rd.            | Sept  | 2017
  San Francisco, CA  94107
  113 Moon St.             | Jan   | 2018
  San Diego, CA  92093
  51 Belt Ct.              | Dec   | 2016
  Denver, CO  90123
  93114 Radial Rd.         | Jul   | 2017
  Chicago, IL  60605
  7301 Brookview Ave.      | Dec   | 2018
  Columbus, OH  43213
 (5 rows)
 </code></pre></li>
 </ol>

 <h2 id="avro-profile"><a id="profile_hdfsavro"></a>Avro Profile</h2>

 <p>Apache Avro is a data serialization framework where the data is serialized in a compact binary format. </p>

 <p>Avro specifies that data types be defined in JSON. Avro format files have an independent schema, also defined in JSON. An Avro schema, together with its data, is fully self-describing.</p>

 <h3 id="data-type-mapping"><a id="profile_hdfsavrodatamap"></a>Data Type Mapping</h3>

 <p>Avro supports both primitive and complex data types. </p>

 <p>To represent Avro primitive data types in HAWQ, map data values to HAWQ columns of the same type. </p>

 <p>Avro supports complex data types including arrays, maps, records, enumerations, and fixed types. Map top-level fields of these complex data types to the HAWQ <code>TEXT</code> type. While HAWQ does not natively support these types, you can create HAWQ functions or application code to extract or further process subcomponents of these complex data types.</p>

 <p>The following table summarizes external mapping rules for Avro data.</p>

 <p><a id="topic_oy3_qwm_ss__table_j4s_h1n_ss"></a></p>

 <table><thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Avro Data Type</th>
 <th>PXF/HAWQ Data Type</th>
 </tr>
 </thead><tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>Primitive type (int, double, float, long, string, bytes, boolean)</td>
 <td>Use the corresponding HAWQ built-in data type; see <a href="/docs/userguide/2.3.0.0-incubating/reference/HAWQDataTypes.html">Data Types</a>.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Complex type: Array, Map, Record, or Enum</td>
 <td>TEXT, with delimiters inserted between collection items, mapped key-value pairs, and record data.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Complex type: Fixed</td>
 <td>BYTEA</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>Union</td>
 <td>Follows the above conventions for primitive or complex data types, depending on the union; supports Null values.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody></table>

 <h3 id="avro-specific-custom-options"><a id="profile_hdfsavroptipns"></a>Avro-Specific Custom Options</h3>

 <p>For complex types, the PXF <code>Avro</code> profile inserts default delimiters between collection items and values. You can use non-default delimiter characters by identifying values for specific <code>Avro</code> custom options in the <code>CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE</code> call. </p>

 <p>The <code>Avro</code> profile supports the following &lt;custom-options&gt;:</p>

 <table><thead>
 <tr>
 <th>Option Name</th>
 <th>Description</th>
 </tr>
 </thead><tbody>
 <tr>
 <td>COLLECTION_DELIM</td>
 <td>The delimiter character(s) to place between entries in a top-level array, map, or record field when PXF maps an Avro complex data type to a text column. The default is the comma <code>,</code> character.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>MAPKEY_DELIM</td>
 <td>The delimiter character(s) to place between the key and value of a map entry when PXF maps an Avro complex data type to a text column. The default is the colon <code>:</code> character.</td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
 <td>RECORDKEY_DELIM</td>
 <td>The delimiter character(s) to place between the field name and value of a record entry when PXF maps an Avro complex data type to a text column. The default is the colon <code>:</code> character.</td>
 </tr>
 </tbody></table>

 <h3 id="avro-schemas-and-data"><a id="topic_tr3_dpg_ts__section_m2p_ztg_ts"></a>Avro Schemas and Data</h3>

 <p>Avro schemas are defined using JSON, and composed of the same primitive and complex types identified in the data mapping section above. Avro schema files typically have a <code>.avsc</code> suffix.</p>

 <p>Fields in an Avro schema file are defined via an array of objects, each of which is specified by a name and a type.</p>

 <h3 id="example:-using-the-avro-profile"><a id="topic_tr3_dpg_ts_example"></a>Example: Using the Avro Profile</h3>

 <p>The examples in this section will operate on Avro data with the following record schema:</p>

 <ul>
 <li>id - long</li>
 <li>username - string</li>
 <li>followers - array of string</li>
 <li>fmap - map of long</li>
 <li>address - record comprised of street number (int), street name (string), and city (string)</li>
 <li>relationship - enumerated type</li>
 </ul>

 <h4 id="create-schema"><a id="topic_tr3_dpg_ts__section_m2p_ztg_ts_99"></a>Create Schema</h4>

 <p>Perform the following operations to create an Avro schema to represent the example schema described above.</p>

 <ol>
 <li><p>Create a file named <code>avro_schema.avsc</code>:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>vi /tmp/avro_schema.avsc
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Copy and paste the following text into <code>avro_schema.avsc</code>:</p>
 <pre class="highlight json"><code><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
 </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"record"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"example_schema"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="nt">"namespace"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"com.example"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="nt">"fields"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"id"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"long"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"doc"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Id of the user account"</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"username"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"string"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"doc"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Name of the user account"</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"followers"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"array"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"items"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"string"</span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"doc"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Users followers"</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"fmap"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"map"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"values"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"long"</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"relationship"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
         </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"enum"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
         </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"relationshipEnum"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
         </span><span class="nt">"symbols"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"MARRIED"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"LOVE"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"FRIEND"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"COLLEAGUE"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"STRANGER"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"ENEMY"</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"address"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w">
         </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"record"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
         </span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"addressRecord"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w">
         </span><span class="nt">"fields"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="w">
             </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"number"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"int"</span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w">
             </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"street"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"string"</span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w">
             </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"city"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"string"</span><span class="p">}]</span><span class="w">
     </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w">
   </span><span class="nt">"doc:"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"A basic schema for storing messages"</span><span class="w">
 </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w">
 </span></code></pre></li>
 </ol>

 <h4 id="create-avro-data-file-(json)"><a id="topic_tr3_dpgspk_15g_tsdata"></a>Create Avro Data File (JSON)</h4>

 <p>Perform the following steps to create a sample Avro data file conforming to the above schema.</p>

 <ol>
 <li><p>Create a text file named <code>pxf_hdfs_avro.txt</code>:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>vi /tmp/pxf_hdfs_avro.txt
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Enter the following data into <code>pxf_hdfs_avro.txt</code>:</p>
 <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>{"id":1, "username":"john","followers":["kate", "santosh"], "relationship": "FRIEND", "fmap": {"kate":10,"santosh":4}, "address":{"number":1, "street":"renaissance drive", "city":"san jose"}}

 {"id":2, "username":"jim","followers":["john", "pam"], "relationship": "COLLEAGUE", "fmap": {"john":3,"pam":3}, "address":{"number":9, "street":"deer creek", "city":"palo alto"}}
 </code></pre>

 <p>The sample data uses a comma <code>,</code> to separate top level records and a colon <code>:</code> to separate map/key values and record field name/values.</p></li>
 <li><p>Convert the text file to Avro format. There are various ways to perform the conversion, both programmatically and via the command line. In this example, we use the <a href="http://avro.apache.org/releases.html">Java Avro tools</a>; the jar file resides in the current directory:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>java -jar ./avro-tools-1.8.1.jar fromjson --schema-file /tmp/avro_schema.avsc /tmp/pxf_hdfs_avro.txt &gt; /tmp/pxf_hdfs_avro.avro
 </code></pre>

 <p>The generated Avro binary data file is written to <code>/tmp/pxf_hdfs_avro.avro</code>. </p></li>
 <li><p>Copy the generated Avro file to HDFS:</p>
 <pre class="highlight shell"><code><span class="gp">$ </span>hdfs dfs -put /tmp/pxf_hdfs_avro.avro /data/pxf_examples/
 </code></pre></li>
 </ol>

 <h4 id="query-with-avro-profile"><a id="topic_avro_querydata"></a>Query With Avro Profile</h4>

 <p>Perform the following steps to create and query an external table accessing the <code>pxf_hdfs_avro.avro</code> file you added to HDFS in the previous section. When creating the table:</p>

 <ul>
 <li> Map the top-level primitive fields, <code>id</code> (type long) and <code>username</code> (type string), to their equivalent HAWQ types (bigint and text). </li>
 <li> Map the remaining complex fields to type text.</li>
 <li> Explicitly set the record, map, and collection delimiters using the Avro profile custom options.</li>
 </ul>

 <ol>
 <li><p>Use the <code>Avro</code> profile to create a queryable external table from the <code>pxf_hdfs_avro.avro</code> file:</p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">EXTERNAL</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="n">pxf_hdfs_avro</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">id</span> <span class="n">bigint</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">username</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">followers</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fmap</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">relationship</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">address</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="p">)</span>
             <span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'pxf://namenode:51200/data/pxf_examples/pxf_hdfs_avro.avro?PROFILE=Avro&amp;COLLECTION_DELIM=,&amp;MAPKEY_DELIM=:&amp;RECORDKEY_DELIM=:'</span><span class="p">)</span>
           <span class="n">FORMAT</span> <span class="s1">'CUSTOM'</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FORMATTER</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'pxfwritable_import'</span><span class="p">);</span>
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Perform a simple query of the <code>pxf_hdfs_avro</code> table:</p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="k">FROM</span> <span class="n">pxf_hdfs_avro</span><span class="p">;</span>
 </code></pre>
 <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code> id | username |   followers    |        fmap         | relationship |                      address
 ----+----------+----------------+--------------------+--------------+---------------------------------------------------
   1 | john     | [kate,santosh] | {kate:10,santosh:4} | FRIEND       | {number:1,street:renaissance drive,city:san jose}
   2 | jim      | [john,pam]     | {pam:3,john:3}      | COLLEAGUE    | {number:9,street:deer creek,city:palo alto}
 (2 rows)
 </code></pre>

 <p>The simple query of the external table shows the components of the complex type data separated with the delimiters identified in the <code>CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE</code> call.</p></li>
 <li><p>Process the delimited components in the text columns as necessary for your application. For example, the following command uses the HAWQ internal <code>string_to_array</code> function to convert entries in the <code>followers</code> field to a text array column in a new view.</p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">VIEW</span> <span class="n">followers_view</span> <span class="k">AS</span>
 <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">username</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">address</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">string_to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">substring</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">followers</span> <span class="k">FROM</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="k">FOR</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">char_length</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">followers</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)),</span> <span class="s1">','</span><span class="p">)::</span><span class="n">text</span><span class="p">[]</span>
     <span class="k">AS</span> <span class="n">followers</span>
   <span class="k">FROM</span> <span class="n">pxf_hdfs_avro</span><span class="p">;</span>
 </code></pre></li>
 <li><p>Query the view to filter rows based on whether a particular follower appears in the array:</p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">username</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">address</span> <span class="k">FROM</span> <span class="n">followers_view</span> <span class="k">WHERE</span> <span class="n">followers</span> <span class="o">@&gt;</span> <span class="s1">'{john}'</span><span class="p">;</span>
 </code></pre>
 <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code> username |                   address
 ----------+---------------------------------------------
  jim      | {number:9,street:deer creek,city:palo alto}
 </code></pre></li>
 </ol>

 <h2 id="accessing-hdfs-data-in-a-high-availability-hdfs-cluster"><a id="accessdataonahavhdfscluster"></a>Accessing HDFS Data in a High Availability HDFS Cluster</h2>

 <p>To access external HDFS data in a High Availability HDFS cluster, change the <code>CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE</code> <code>LOCATION</code> clause to use &lt;HA-nameservice&gt; rather than  &lt;host&gt;[:&lt;port&gt;].</p>
 <pre class="highlight sql"><code><span class="n">gpadmin</span><span class="o">=#</span> <span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">EXTERNAL</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="k">table_name</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="k">column_name</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">data_type</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="p">[,</span> <span class="p">...]</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="k">LIKE</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">other_table</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="p">)</span>
             <span class="k">LOCATION</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'pxf://&lt;HA-nameservice&gt;/&lt;path-to-hdfs-file&gt;?PROFILE=HdfsTextSimple|HdfsTextMulti|Avro[&amp;&lt;custom-option&gt;=&lt;value&gt;[...]]'</span><span class="p">)</span>
          <span class="n">FORMAT</span> <span class="s1">'[TEXT|CSV|CUSTOM]'</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">formatting</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">properties</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">);</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>The opposite is true when a highly available HDFS cluster is reverted to a single NameNode configuration. In that case, any table definition that has specified &lt;HA-nameservice&gt; should use the &lt;host&gt;[:&lt;port&gt;] syntax. </p>


       </main>
     </div>
   </div>
 </div>

 <div id="scrim"></div>

 <div class="container">
   <footer class="site-footer-links">

   </footer>
 </div><!--end of container-->

 </body>
 </html>