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| <h1>Hadoop Quickstart</h1> |
| <div id="minitoc-area"> |
| <ul class="minitoc"> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Purpose">Purpose</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#PreReqs">Pre-requisites</a> |
| <ul class="minitoc"> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Supported+Platforms">Supported Platforms</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Required+Software">Required Software</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Installing+Software">Installing Software</a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Download">Download</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Prepare+to+Start+the+Hadoop+Cluster">Prepare to Start the Hadoop Cluster</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Local">Standalone Operation</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#PseudoDistributed">Pseudo-Distributed Operation</a> |
| <ul class="minitoc"> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Configuration">Configuration</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Setup+passphraseless">Setup passphraseless ssh</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#Execution">Execution</a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#FullyDistributed">Fully-Distributed Operation</a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <a name="N1000D"></a><a name="Purpose"></a> |
| <h2 class="h3">Purpose</h2> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <p>The purpose of this document is to help you get a single-node Hadoop |
| installation up and running very quickly so that you can get a flavour |
| of the <a href="hdfs_design.html">Hadoop Distributed File System |
| (<acronym title="Hadoop Distributed File System">HDFS</acronym>)</a> and |
| the Map/Reduce framework; that is, perform simple operations on HDFS and |
| run example jobs.</p> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <a name="N1001F"></a><a name="PreReqs"></a> |
| <h2 class="h3">Pre-requisites</h2> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <a name="N10025"></a><a name="Supported+Platforms"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4">Supported Platforms</h3> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| GNU/Linux is supported as a development and production platform. |
| Hadoop has been demonstrated on GNU/Linux clusters with 2000 nodes. |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| Win32 is supported as a <em>development platform</em>. Distributed |
| operation has not been well tested on Win32, so it is not |
| supported as a <em>production platform</em>. |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <a name="N1003B"></a><a name="Required+Software"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4">Required Software</h3> |
| <p>Required software for Linux and Windows include:</p> |
| <ol> |
| |
| <li> |
| Java<sup>TM</sup> 1.5.x, preferably from Sun, must be installed. |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <strong>ssh</strong> must be installed and <strong>sshd</strong> must |
| be running to use the Hadoop scripts that manage remote Hadoop |
| daemons. |
| </li> |
| |
| </ol> |
| <p>Additional requirements for Windows include:</p> |
| <ol> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <a href="http://www.cygwin.com/">Cygwin</a> - Required for shell |
| support in addition to the required software above. |
| </li> |
| |
| </ol> |
| <a name="N10064"></a><a name="Installing+Software"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4">Installing Software</h3> |
| <p>If your cluster doesn't have the requisite software you will need to |
| install it.</p> |
| <p>For example on Ubuntu Linux:</p> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ sudo apt-get install ssh</span> |
| <br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ sudo apt-get install rsync</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p>On Windows, if you did not install the required software when you |
| installed cygwin, start the cygwin installer and select the packages:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li>openssh - the <em>Net</em> category</li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <a name="N10088"></a><a name="Download"></a> |
| <h2 class="h3">Download</h2> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <p> |
| To get a Hadoop distribution, download a recent |
| <a href="http://hadoop.apache.org/core/releases.html">stable release</a> from one of the Apache Download |
| Mirrors. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <a name="N10096"></a><a name="Prepare+to+Start+the+Hadoop+Cluster"></a> |
| <h2 class="h3">Prepare to Start the Hadoop Cluster</h2> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <p> |
| Unpack the downloaded Hadoop distribution. In the distribution, edit the |
| file <span class="codefrag">conf/hadoop-env.sh</span> to define at least |
| <span class="codefrag">JAVA_HOME</span> to be the root of your Java installation. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Try the following command:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop</span> |
| <br> |
| This will display the usage documentation for the <strong>hadoop</strong> |
| script. |
| </p> |
| <p>Now you are ready to start your Hadoop cluster in one of the three supported |
| modes: |
| </p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li>Local (Standalone) Mode</li> |
| |
| <li>Pseudo-Distributed Mode</li> |
| |
| <li>Fully-Distributed Mode</li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <a name="N100C1"></a><a name="Local"></a> |
| <h2 class="h3">Standalone Operation</h2> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <p>By default, Hadoop is configured to run in a non-distributed |
| mode, as a single Java process. This is useful for debugging.</p> |
| <p> |
| The following example copies the unpacked <span class="codefrag">conf</span> directory to |
| use as input and then finds and displays every match of the given regular |
| expression. Output is written to the given <span class="codefrag">output</span> directory. |
| <br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ mkdir input</span> |
| <br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ cp conf/*.xml input</span> |
| <br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> |
| $ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar grep input output 'dfs[a-z.]+' |
| </span> |
| <br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ cat output/*</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <a name="N100E5"></a><a name="PseudoDistributed"></a> |
| <h2 class="h3">Pseudo-Distributed Operation</h2> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <p>Hadoop can also be run on a single-node in a pseudo-distributed mode |
| where each Hadoop daemon runs in a separate Java process.</p> |
| <a name="N100EE"></a><a name="Configuration"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4">Configuration</h3> |
| <p>Use the following <span class="codefrag">conf/hadoop-site.xml</span>:</p> |
| <table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4"> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"><configuration></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> <property></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> <name>fs.default.name</name></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> <value>localhost:9000</value></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </property></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> <property></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> <name>mapred.job.tracker</name></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> <value>localhost:9001</value></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </property></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> <property></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> <name>dfs.replication</name></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> <value>1</value></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"> </property></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="1" rowspan="1"></configuration></td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| </table> |
| <a name="N10152"></a><a name="Setup+passphraseless"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4">Setup passphraseless ssh</h3> |
| <p> |
| Now check that you can ssh to the localhost without a passphrase:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ ssh localhost</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| If you cannot ssh to localhost without a passphrase, execute the |
| following commands:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa</span> |
| <br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <a name="N1016F"></a><a name="Execution"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4">Execution</h3> |
| <p> |
| Format a new distributed-filesystem:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop namenode -format</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Start the hadoop daemons:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ bin/start-all.sh</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p>The hadoop daemon log output is written to the |
| <span class="codefrag">${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}</span> directory (defaults to |
| <span class="codefrag">${HADOOP_HOME}/logs</span>).</p> |
| <p>Browse the web interface for the NameNode and the JobTracker; by |
| default they are available at:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">NameNode</span> - |
| <a href="http://localhost:50070/">http://localhost:50070/</a> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">JobTracker</span> - |
| <a href="http://localhost:50030/">http://localhost:50030/</a> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p> |
| Copy the input files into the distributed filesystem:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop fs -put conf input</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Run some of the examples provided:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> |
| $ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar grep input output 'dfs[a-z.]+' |
| </span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p>Examine the output files:</p> |
| <p> |
| Copy the output files from the distributed filesystem to the local |
| filesytem and examine them:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop fs -get output output</span> |
| <br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ cat output/*</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> or </p> |
| <p> |
| View the output files on the distributed filesystem:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop fs -cat output/*</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| When you're done, stop the daemons with:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">$ bin/stop-all.sh</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <a name="N101DC"></a><a name="FullyDistributed"></a> |
| <h2 class="h3">Fully-Distributed Operation</h2> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <p>Information on setting up fully-distributed, non-trivial clusters |
| can be found <a href="cluster_setup.html">here</a>.</p> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <p> |
| |
| <em>Java and JNI are trademarks or registered trademarks of |
| Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries.</em> |
| |
| </p> |
| |
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