branch-2.0.4-alpha/hadoop-hdfs-project/hadoop-hdfs/src/site/apt/LibHdfs.apt.vm

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  ---
  C API libhdfs
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  ---
  ${maven.build.timestamp}

C API libhdfs

%{toc|section=1|fromDepth=0} 

* Overview

   libhdfs is a JNI based C API for Hadoop's Distributed File System
   (HDFS). It provides C APIs to a subset of the HDFS APIs to manipulate
   HDFS files and the filesystem. libhdfs is part of the Hadoop
   distribution and comes pre-compiled in
   <<<${HADOOP_PREFIX}/libhdfs/libhdfs.so>>> .

* The APIs

   The libhdfs APIs are a subset of: {{{hadoop fs APIs}}}.

   The header file for libhdfs describes each API in detail and is
   available in <<<${HADOOP_PREFIX}/src/c++/libhdfs/hdfs.h>>>

* A Sample Program

----
    \#include "hdfs.h"

    int main(int argc, char **argv) {

        hdfsFS fs = hdfsConnect("default", 0);
        const char* writePath = "/tmp/testfile.txt";
        hdfsFile writeFile = hdfsOpenFile(fs, writePath, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0, 0, 0);
        if(!writeFile) {
              fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open %s for writing!\n", writePath);
              exit(-1);
        }
        char* buffer = "Hello, World!";
        tSize num_written_bytes = hdfsWrite(fs, writeFile, (void*)buffer, strlen(buffer)+1);
        if (hdfsFlush(fs, writeFile)) {
               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to 'flush' %s\n", writePath);
              exit(-1);
        }
       hdfsCloseFile(fs, writeFile);
    }
----

* How To Link With The Library

   See the Makefile for <<<hdfs_test.c>>> in the libhdfs source directory
   (<<<${HADOOP_PREFIX}/src/c++/libhdfs/Makefile>>>) or something like:
   <<<gcc above_sample.c -I${HADOOP_PREFIX}/src/c++/libhdfs -L${HADOOP_PREFIX}/libhdfs -lhdfs -o above_sample>>>

* Common Problems

   The most common problem is the <<<CLASSPATH>>> is not set properly when
   calling a program that uses libhdfs. Make sure you set it to all the
   Hadoop jars needed to run Hadoop itself. Currently, there is no way to
   programmatically generate the classpath, but a good bet is to include
   all the jar files in <<<${HADOOP_PREFIX}>>> and <<<${HADOOP_PREFIX}/lib>>> as well
   as the right configuration directory containing <<<hdfs-site.xml>>>

* Thread Safe

   libdhfs is thread safe.

     * Concurrency and Hadoop FS "handles"

       The Hadoop FS implementation includes a FS handle cache which
       caches based on the URI of the namenode along with the user
       connecting. So, all calls to <<<hdfsConnect>>> will return the same
       handle but calls to <<<hdfsConnectAsUser>>> with different users will
       return different handles. But, since HDFS client handles are
       completely thread safe, this has no bearing on concurrency.

     * Concurrency and libhdfs/JNI

       The libhdfs calls to JNI should always be creating thread local
       storage, so (in theory), libhdfs should be as thread safe as the
       underlying calls to the Hadoop FS.