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| <h1>Hadoop Shell Commands</h1> |
| <div id="minitoc-area"> |
| <ul class="minitoc"> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#FS+Shell"> FS Shell </a> |
| <ul class="minitoc"> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#cat"> cat </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#chgrp"> chgrp </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#chmod"> chmod </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#chown"> chown </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#copyFromLocal">copyFromLocal</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#copyToLocal"> copyToLocal</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#cp"> cp </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#du">du</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#dus"> dus </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#expunge"> expunge </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#get"> get </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#getmerge"> getmerge </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#ls"> ls </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#lsr">lsr</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#mkdir"> mkdir </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#movefromLocal"> movefromLocal </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#mv"> mv </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#put"> put </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#rm"> rm </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#rmr"> rmr </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#setrep"> setrep </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#stat"> stat </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#tail"> tail </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#test"> test </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#text"> text </a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a href="#touchz"> touchz </a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| |
| <a name="N1000D"></a><a name="FS+Shell"></a> |
| <h2 class="h3"> FS Shell </h2> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <p> |
| The FileSystem (FS) shell is invoked by |
| <span class="codefrag">bin/hadoop fs <args></span>. |
| All the FS shell commands take path URIs as arguments. The URI |
| format is <em>scheme://autority/path</em>. For HDFS the scheme |
| is <em>hdfs</em>, and for the local filesystem the scheme |
| is <em>file</em>. The scheme and authority are optional. If not |
| specified, the default scheme specified in the configuration is |
| used. An HDFS file or directory such as <em>/parent/child</em> |
| can be specified as <em>hdfs://namenodehost/parent/child</em> or |
| simply as <em>/parent/child</em> (given that your configuration |
| is set to point to <em>hdfs://namenodehost</em>). Most of the |
| commands in FS shell behave like corresponding Unix |
| commands. Differences are described with each of the |
| commands. Error information is sent to <em>stderr</em> and the |
| output is sent to <em>stdout</em>. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N10034"></a><a name="cat"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> cat </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -cat URI [URI …]</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Copies source paths to <em>stdout</em>. |
| </p> |
| <p>Example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -cat hdfs://nn1.example.com/file1 hdfs://nn2.example.com/file2 |
| </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">hadoop fs -cat file:///file3 /user/hadoop/file4 </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error. </span> |
| </p> |
| <a name="N10060"></a><a name="chgrp"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> chgrp </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -chgrp [-R] GROUP URI [URI …]</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Change group association of files. With <span class="codefrag">-R</span>, make the change recursively through the directory structure. The user must be the owner of files, or else a super-user. Additional information is in the <a href="hdfs_permissions_guide.html">Permissions User Guide</a>. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N10077"></a><a name="chmod"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> chmod </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -chmod [-R] <MODE[,MODE]... | OCTALMODE> URI [URI …]</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Change the permissions of files. With <span class="codefrag">-R</span>, make the change recursively through the directory structure. The user must be the owner of the file, or else a super-user. Additional information is in the <a href="hdfs_permissions_guide.html">Permissions User Guide</a>. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N1008E"></a><a name="chown"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> chown </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -chown [-R] [OWNER][:[GROUP]] URI [URI ]</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Change the owner of files. With <span class="codefrag">-R</span>, make the change recursively through the directory structure. The user must be a super-user. Additional information is in the <a href="hdfs_permissions_guide.html">Permissions User Guide</a>. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N100A5"></a><a name="copyFromLocal"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4">copyFromLocal</h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -copyFromLocal <localsrc> URI</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p>Similar to <a href="#putlink"><strong>put</strong></a> command, except that the source is restricted to a local file reference. </p> |
| <a name="N100BA"></a><a name="copyToLocal"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> copyToLocal</h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -copyToLocal [-ignorecrc] [-crc] URI <localdst></span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> Similar to <a href="#getlink"><strong>get</strong></a> command, except that the destination is restricted to a local file reference.</p> |
| <a name="N100CF"></a><a name="cp"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> cp </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -cp URI [URI …] <dest></span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Copy files from source to destination. This command allows multiple sources as well in which case the destination must be a directory. |
| <br> |
| Example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -cp /user/hadoop/file1 /user/hadoop/file2</span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -cp /user/hadoop/file1 /user/hadoop/file2 /user/hadoop/dir </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:</p> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <a name="N100F9"></a><a name="du"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4">du</h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -du URI [URI …]</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Displays aggregate length of files contained in the directory or the length of a file in case its just a file.<br> |
| Example:<br> |
| <span class="codefrag">hadoop fs -du /user/hadoop/dir1 /user/hadoop/file1 hdfs://nn.example.com/user/hadoop/dir1</span> |
| <br> |
| Exit Code:<br> |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error. </span> |
| <br> |
| </p> |
| <a name="N10114"></a><a name="dus"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> dus </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -dus <args></span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Displays a summary of file lengths. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N10124"></a><a name="expunge"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> expunge </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -expunge</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p>Empty the Trash. Refer to <a href="hdfs_design.html">HDFS Design</a> for more information on Trash feature. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N10138"></a><a name="get"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> get </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -get [-ignorecrc] [-crc] <src> <localdst></span> |
| |
| <br> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Copy files to the local file system. Files that fail the CRC check may be copied with the |
| <span class="codefrag">-ignorecrc</span> option. Files and CRCs may be copied using the |
| <span class="codefrag">-crc</span> option. |
| </p> |
| <p>Example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -get /user/hadoop/file localfile </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -get hdfs://nn.example.com/user/hadoop/file localfile</span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:</p> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error. </span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <a name="N1016C"></a><a name="getmerge"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> getmerge </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -getmerge <src> <localdst> [addnl]</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Takes a source directory and a destination file as input and concatenates files in src into the destination local file. Optionally <span class="codefrag">addnl</span> can be set to enable adding a newline character at the end of each file. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N1017F"></a><a name="ls"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> ls </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -ls <args></span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| For a file returns stat on the file with the following format:<br> |
| <span class="codefrag">filename <number of replicas> filesize modification_date modification_time permissions userid groupid</span> |
| <br> |
| For a directory it returns list of its direct children as in unix. |
| A directory is listed as: <br> |
| <span class="codefrag">dirname <dir> modification_time modification_time permissions userid groupid</span> |
| <br> |
| Example:<br> |
| <span class="codefrag">hadoop fs -ls /user/hadoop/file1 /user/hadoop/file2 hdfs://nn.example.com/user/hadoop/dir1 /nonexistentfile</span> |
| <br> |
| Exit Code:<br> |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error. </span> |
| <br> |
| </p> |
| <a name="N101A2"></a><a name="lsr"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4">lsr</h3> |
| <p> |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -lsr <args></span> |
| <br> |
| Recursive version of <span class="codefrag">ls</span>. Similar to Unix <span class="codefrag">ls -R</span>. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N101B5"></a><a name="mkdir"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> mkdir </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -mkdir <paths></span> |
| |
| <br> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Takes path uri's as argument and creates directories. The behavior is much like unix mkdir -p creating parent directories along the path. |
| </p> |
| <p>Example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">hadoop fs -mkdir /user/hadoop/dir1 /user/hadoop/dir2 </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">hadoop fs -mkdir hdfs://nn1.example.com/user/hadoop/dir hdfs://nn2.example.com/user/hadoop/dir |
| </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:</p> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <a name="N101E2"></a><a name="movefromLocal"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> movefromLocal </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: dfs -moveFromLocal <src> <dst></span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p>Displays a "not implemented" message. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N101F2"></a><a name="mv"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> mv </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -mv URI [URI …] <dest></span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Moves files from source to destination. This command allows multiple sources as well in which case the destination needs to be a directory. Moving files across filesystems is not permitted. |
| <br> |
| Example: |
| </p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -mv /user/hadoop/file1 /user/hadoop/file2</span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -mv hdfs://nn.example.com/file1 hdfs://nn.example.com/file2 hdfs://nn.example.com/file3 hdfs://nn.example.com/dir1</span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:</p> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <a name="N1021C"></a><a name="put"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> put </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -put <localsrc> ... <dst></span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p>Copy single src, or multiple srcs from local file system to the destination filesystem. Also reads input from stdin and writes to destination filesystem.<br> |
| |
| </p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -put localfile /user/hadoop/hadoopfile</span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -put localfile1 localfile2 /user/hadoop/hadoopdir</span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -put localfile hdfs://nn.example.com/hadoop/hadoopfile</span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| <span class="codefrag">hadoop fs -put - hdfs://nn.example.com/hadoop/hadoopfile</span> |
| <br>Reads the input from stdin.</li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:</p> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error. </span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <a name="N10253"></a><a name="rm"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> rm </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -rm URI [URI …] </span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Delete files specified as args. Only deletes non empty directory and files. Refer to rmr for recursive deletes.<br> |
| Example: |
| </p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -rm hdfs://nn.example.com/file /user/hadoop/emptydir </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:</p> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <a name="N10277"></a><a name="rmr"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> rmr </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -rmr URI [URI …]</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p>Recursive version of delete.<br> |
| Example: |
| </p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -rmr /user/hadoop/dir </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -rmr hdfs://nn.example.com/user/hadoop/dir </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:</p> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error. </span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <a name="N102A1"></a><a name="setrep"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> setrep </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -setrep [-R] <path></span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Changes the replication factor of a file. -R option is for recursively increasing the replication factor of files within a directory. |
| </p> |
| <p>Example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -setrep -w 3 -R /user/hadoop/dir1 </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:</p> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Returns 0 on success and -1 on error. </span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <a name="N102C6"></a><a name="stat"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> stat </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -stat URI [URI …]</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Returns the stat information on the path. |
| </p> |
| <p>Example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -stat path </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.</span> |
| </p> |
| <a name="N102E9"></a><a name="tail"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> tail </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -tail [-f] URI </span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Displays last kilobyte of the file to stdout. -f option can be used as in Unix. |
| </p> |
| <p>Example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -tail pathname </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code: <br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.</span> |
| </p> |
| <a name="N1030C"></a><a name="test"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> test </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -test -[ezd] URI</span> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Options: <br> |
| -e check to see if the file exists. Return 0 if true. <br> |
| -z check to see if the file is zero length. Return 0 if true <br> |
| -d check return 1 if the path is directory else return 0. <br> |
| </p> |
| <p>Example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop fs -test -e filename </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <a name="N1032F"></a><a name="text"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> text </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -text <src></span> |
| |
| <br> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Takes a source file and outputs the file in text format. The allowed formats are zip and TextRecordInputStream. |
| </p> |
| <a name="N10341"></a><a name="touchz"></a> |
| <h3 class="h4"> touchz </h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop fs -touchz URI [URI …]</span> |
| |
| <br> |
| |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Create a file of zero length. |
| </p> |
| <p>Example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> hadoop -touchz pathname </span> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| <p>Exit Code:<br> |
| |
| <span class="codefrag"> Returns 0 on success and -1 on error.</span> |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| |
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