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| <h1>params</h1><p class="paragraph"/><h2>Purpose</h2><p class="paragraph"/>A mutable multi-dimensional map (hash) of request (CGI) parameters.<p class="paragraph"/><h2>Examples</h2><p class="paragraph"/>To obtain a request parameter called <code>id</code>: |
| <div class="code"><pre>class BookController { |
| def show() { |
| def book = Book.get(params.id) |
| } |
| }</pre></div><p class="paragraph"/>To perform data binding (see <a href="../../guide/single.html#dataBinding" class="guide">Data Binding</a> in the user guide):<p class="paragraph"/><div class="code"><pre>def save() { |
| def book = <span class="java-keyword">new</span> Book(params) // bind request parameters onto properties of book |
| }</pre></div><p class="paragraph"/><h2>Description</h2><p class="paragraph"/>The standard Servlet API provides access to parameters with the <code>HttpServletRequest</code> object. Although Grails provides the same capability through the <a href="../../ref/Controllers/request.html" class="controllers">request</a> object, it goes a bit further by providing a mutable map of request parameters called <code>params</code>.<p class="paragraph"/>The <code>params</code> object can be indexed into using the array index operator or de-reference operator, so given the URL <code>/hello?foo=bar</code> you can access <code>foo</code> with<p class="paragraph"/><pre class="bq"><code> |
| println params.foo</code></pre><p class="paragraph"/>The params object can also be used to bind request parameters onto the properties of a domain class using either the constructor or the <a href="../../ref/Domain Classes/properties.html" class="domainClasses">properties</a> property:<p class="paragraph"/><div class="code"><pre>def book = <span class="java-keyword">new</span> Book(params) |
| book = Book.get(1) |
| book.properties = params</pre></div><p class="paragraph"/>For further reading see <a href="../../guide/single.html#dataBinding" class="guide">Data Binding</a> in the user guide. |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/belongsTo.html">belongsTo</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/clearErrors.html">clearErrors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/constraints.html">constraints</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/count.html">count</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/countBy.html">countBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/createCriteria.html">createCriteria</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/delete.html">delete</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/discard.html">discard</a> |
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| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/embedded.html">embedded</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/errors.html">errors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/executeQuery.html">executeQuery</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/executeUpdate.html">executeUpdate</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/exists.html">exists</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/fetchMode.html">fetchMode</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/find.html">find</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/findAll.html">findAll</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/findAllBy.html">findAllBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/findAllWhere.html">findAllWhere</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/findBy.html">findBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/findOrCreateBy.html">findOrCreateBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/findOrCreateWhere.html">findOrCreateWhere</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/findOrSaveBy.html">findOrSaveBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/findOrSaveWhere.html">findOrSaveWhere</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/findWhere.html">findWhere</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/first.html">first</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/get.html">get</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/getAll.html">getAll</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/getDirtyPropertyNames.html">getDirtyPropertyNames</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/getPersistentValue.html">getPersistentValue</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/hasErrors.html">hasErrors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/hasMany.html">hasMany</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/hasOne.html">hasOne</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/ident.html">ident</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/instanceOf.html">instanceOf</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/isAttached.html">isAttached</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/isDirty.html">isDirty</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/last.html">last</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/list.html">list</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/listOrderBy.html">listOrderBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/load.html">load</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/lock.html">lock</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/mapWith.html">mapWith</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/mappedBy.html">mappedBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/mapping.html">mapping</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/merge.html">merge</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/namedQueries.html">namedQueries</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/properties.html">properties</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/read.html">read</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/refresh.html">refresh</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/removeFrom.html">removeFrom</a> |
| </div> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/save.html">save</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/transients.html">transients</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/validate.html">validate</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/where.html">where</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/whereAny.html">whereAny</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/withCriteria.html">withCriteria</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/withNewSession.html">withNewSession</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/withSession.html">withSession</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Domain%20Classes/withTransaction.html">withTransaction</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
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| <div class="menu-block"> |
| <h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(nextElement(this))">Plug-ins</h1> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
| |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/URL%20mappings.html">URL mappings</a> |
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| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/codecs.html">codecs</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/controllers.html">controllers</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/core.html">core</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/dataSource.html">dataSource</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/domainClasses.html">domainClasses</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/hibernate.html">hibernate</a> |
| </div> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/i18n.html">i18n</a> |
| </div> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/logging.html">logging</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/scaffolding.html">scaffolding</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/services.html">services</a> |
| </div> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Plug-ins/servlets.html">servlets</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"> |
| <h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(nextElement(this))">Services</h1> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Services/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Services/scope.html">scope</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Services/transactional.html">transactional</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"> |
| <h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(nextElement(this))">Servlet API</h1> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Servlet%20API/servletContext.html">servletContext</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Servlet%20API/session.html">session</a> |
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| <h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(nextElement(this))">Tag Libraries</h1> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
| |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/actionName.html">actionName</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/controllerName.html">controllerName</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/flash.html">flash</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/pageScope.html">pageScope</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/params.html">params</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/request.html">request</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/response.html">response</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/servletContext.html">servletContext</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tag%20Libraries/session.html">session</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"> |
| <h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(nextElement(this))">Tags</h1> |
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| |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/actionSubmit.html">actionSubmit</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/actionSubmitImage.html">actionSubmitImage</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/applyLayout.html">applyLayout</a> |
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| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/checkBox.html">checkBox</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/collect.html">collect</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/cookie.html">cookie</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/country.html">country</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/countrySelect.html">countrySelect</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/createLink.html">createLink</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/createLinkTo.html">createLinkTo</a> |
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| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/currencySelect.html">currencySelect</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/datePicker.html">datePicker</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/each.html">each</a> |
| </div> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/eachError.html">eachError</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/else.html">else</a> |
| </div> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/elseif.html">elseif</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/external.html">external</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/field.html">field</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/fieldError.html">fieldError</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/fieldValue.html">fieldValue</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/findAll.html">findAll</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/form.html">form</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/formatBoolean.html">formatBoolean</a> |
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| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/formatDate.html">formatDate</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/formatNumber.html">formatNumber</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/grep.html">grep</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/hasErrors.html">hasErrors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/header.html">header</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/hiddenField.html">hiddenField</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/if.html">if</a> |
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| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/img.html">img</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/include.html">include</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/isAvailable.html">isAvailable</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/isNotAvailable.html">isNotAvailable</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/javascript.html">javascript</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/join.html">join</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/layoutBody.html">layoutBody</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/layoutHead.html">layoutHead</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/layoutTitle.html">layoutTitle</a> |
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| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/link.html">link</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/localeSelect.html">localeSelect</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/message.html">message</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/meta.html">meta</a> |
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| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/pageProperty.html">pageProperty</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/paginate.html">paginate</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/passwordField.html">passwordField</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/radio.html">radio</a> |
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| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/radioGroup.html">radioGroup</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/render.html">render</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/renderErrors.html">renderErrors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/resource.html">resource</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/select.html">select</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/set.html">set</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/sortableColumn.html">sortableColumn</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/submitButton.html">submitButton</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/textArea.html">textArea</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/textField.html">textField</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/timeZoneSelect.html">timeZoneSelect</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/unless.html">unless</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/uploadForm.html">uploadForm</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../../ref/Tags/while.html">while</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
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