| <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" |
| "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> |
| <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en"> |
| <head> |
| <!-- Matomo --> |
| <script> |
| var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; |
| /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ |
| _paq.push(["setDoNotTrack", true]); |
| _paq.push(["disableCookies"]); |
| _paq.push(['trackPageView']); |
| _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); |
| (function() { |
| var u="https://analytics.apache.org/"; |
| _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); |
| _paq.push(['setSiteId', '79']); |
| var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; |
| g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); |
| })(); |
| </script> |
| <!-- End Matomo Code --> |
| <title>1 Introduction 5.3.0</title> |
| <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/main.css" type="text/css" media="screen, print" title="Style" charset="utf-8"/> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/pdf.css" type="text/css" media="print" title="PDF" charset="utf-8"/> |
| <script type="text/javascript"> |
| function addJsClass() { |
| var classes = document.body.className.split(" "); |
| classes.push("js"); |
| document.body.className = classes.join(" "); |
| } |
| </script> |
| </head> |
| |
| <body class="body" onload="addJsClass();"> |
| <div id="navigation"> |
| <div class="navTitle"> |
| |
| The Grails Framework |
| </div> |
| <div class="navLinks"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <div id="nav-summary" onmouseover="toggleNavSummary(false)" onmouseout="toggleNavSummary(true)"> |
| <a href="../guide/index.html" class="button">Table of contents</a> |
| |
| <div id="nav-summary-childs" style="display:none;"> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/introduction.html"><strong>1</strong><span>Introduction</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/gettingStarted.html"><strong>2</strong><span>Getting Started</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/upgrading.html"><strong>3</strong><span>Upgrading from the previous versions</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/conf.html"><strong>4</strong><span>Configuration</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/commandLine.html"><strong>5</strong><span>The Command Line</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/profiles.html"><strong>6</strong><span>Application Profiles</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/GORM.html"><strong>7</strong><span>Object Relational Mapping (GORM)</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/theWebLayer.html"><strong>8</strong><span>The Web Layer</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/traits.html"><strong>9</strong><span>Traits</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/REST.html"><strong>10</strong><span>REST</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/async.html"><strong>11</strong><span>Asynchronous Programming</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/validation.html"><strong>12</strong><span>Validation</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/services.html"><strong>13</strong><span>The Service Layer</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/staticTypeCheckingAndCompilation.html"><strong>14</strong><span>Static Type Checking And Compilation</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/testing.html"><strong>15</strong><span>Testing</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/i18n.html"><strong>16</strong><span>Internationalization</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/security.html"><strong>17</strong><span>Security</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/plugins.html"><strong>18</strong><span>Plugins</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/spring.html"><strong>19</strong><span>Grails and Spring</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/scaffolding.html"><strong>20</strong><span>Scaffolding</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/deployment.html"><strong>21</strong><span>Deployment</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0"><a href="../guide/contributing.html"><strong>22</strong><span>Contributing to Grails</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </li> |
| <li class="separator selected"> |
| <a id="ref-button" onclick="localToggle(); return false;" href="#">Quick Reference</a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| </div> |
| |
| <table id="colset" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> |
| <tr> |
| <td id="col1"> |
| <div id="main" class="corner-all"> |
| |
| |
| |
| <span id='toggle-col1' class="toggle">(<a href="#" onclick="localToggle(); return false;">Quick Reference</a>)</span> |
| |
| |
| <div class="toc-item next-right"><a href="../guide/gettingStarted.html"><strong>2</strong><span>Getting Started</span> >></a></div> |
| |
| |
| |
| <div class="project"> |
| <h1>1 Introduction</h1> |
| |
| <p><strong>Version:</strong> 5.3.0</p> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <div id="table-of-content"> |
| <h2>Table of Contents</h2> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:0px"><a href="#whatsNew"><strong>1.1</strong><span>What's new in Grails 5?</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item" style="margin-left:10px"><a href="#dependencyUpgrades"><strong>1.1.1</strong><span>Updated Dependencies</span></a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| |
| <a name="1. Introduction"><!-- Legacy link --></a> |
| <h1 id="introduction">1 Introduction</h1> |
| |
| <div class='contribute-btn'> |
| <button type='button' class='btn btn-default' onclick='window.location.href="https://github.com/grails/grails-doc/edit/5.3.x/src/en/guide/introduction.adoc"'> |
| <i class='fa fa-pencil-square-o'></i> Improve this doc |
| </button> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Many modern web frameworks in the Java space are more complicated than needed and don’t embrace the Don’t Repeat Yourself (DRY) principles.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Dynamic frameworks like Rails and Django helped pave the way to a more modern way of thinking about web applications. Grails builds on these concepts and dramatically reduces the complexity of building web applications on the Java platform. What makes it different, however, is that it does so by building on already established Java technologies like Spring and Hibernate.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Grails is a full stack framework and attempts to solve as many pieces of the web development puzzle through the core technology and its associated plugins. Included out the box are things like:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://grails.apache.org/docs/latest/grails-data/">GORM</a> - An easy to use Object Mapping library with support for <a href="https://grails.apache.org/docs/latest/grails-data/hibernate5/manual/">SQL</a>, <a href="https://grails.apache.org/docs/latest/grails-data/mongodb/manual/">MongoDB</a>, <a href="https://grails.apache.org/docs-legacy-gorm/latest/neo4j">Neo4j</a> and <a href="https://grails.apache.org/docs/latest/grails-data/">more</a>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>View technologies for <a href="https://gsp.grails.org">rendering HTML</a> as well as <a href="http://views.grails.org">JSON</a></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>A controller layer built on <a href="http://www.spring.io">Spring Boot</a></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>A plugin system featuring <a href="http://plugins.grails.org">hundreds of plugins</a>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Flexible profiles to <a href="http://start.grails.org/#/index">create applications with AngularJS, React and more</a>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>An interactive command line environment and build system based on <a href="http://gradle.org">Gradle</a></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>An embedded <a href="http://tomcat.apache.org">Tomcat</a> container which is configured for on the fly reloading</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>All of these are made easy to use through the power of the <a href="http://groovy-lang.org">Groovy</a> language and the extensive use of Domain Specific Languages (DSLs)</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This documentation will take you through getting started with Grails and building web applications with the Grails framework.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In addition to this documentation there are <a href="http://guides.grails.org">comprehensive guides</a> that walk you through various aspects of the technology.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Finally, Grails is far more than just a web framework and is made up of various sub-projects. The following table summarizes some other key projects in the eco-system with links to documentation.</p> |
| </div> |
| <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch"> |
| <caption class="title">Table 1. Grails Ecosystem Projects</caption> |
| <colgroup> |
| <col style="width: 50%;"> |
| <col style="width: 50%;"> |
| </colgroup> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Project</th> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Description</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><a href="https://grails.apache.org/docs/latest/grails-data/hibernate5/manual/">GORM for Hibernate</a></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">An Object Mapping implementation for SQL databases</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><a href="https://grails.apache.org/docs/latest/grails-data/mongodb/manual/">GORM for MongoDB</a></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">An Object Mapping implementation for the MongoDB Document Database</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><a href="https://grails.apache.org/docs-legacy-gorm/latest/neo4j">GORM for Neo4j</a></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">An Object Mapping implementation for Neo4j Graph Database</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><a href="http://views.grails.org">JSON Views</a></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">A View technology for rendering JSON on the server side</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><a href="http://gsp.grails.org">Groovy Server Pages</a></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">A View technology for rendering HTML and other markup on the server</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><a href="https://grails.apache.org/docs/latest/guide/async.html">Async Framework</a></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Asynchronous programming abstraction with support for RxJava, GPars and more</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| |
| <a name="1.1 What's new in Grails 2.0?"><!-- Legacy link --></a> |
| <h2 id="whatsNew">1.1 What's new in Grails 5?</h2> |
| |
| <div class='contribute-btn'> |
| <button type='button' class='btn btn-default' onclick='window.location.href="https://github.com/grails/grails-doc/edit/5.3.x/src/en/guide/introduction/whatsNew.adoc"'> |
| <i class='fa fa-pencil-square-o'></i> Improve this doc |
| </button> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This section covers all the new features introduced in Grails 5</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_overview">Overview</h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This release includes support for Apache Groovy 3, Micronaut framework 3, Gradle 7, Spring Boot 2.6, Spring framework 5.3, and Spock 2.0.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Apache Groovy 3 is a major highlight of this release. It comes with a brand new Parrot parser and a bunch of new features and capabilities. The Parrot parser supports additional syntax and language features, such as lambda expressions, default methods with interfaces, and a lot more. In addition, several new extension methods are added to existing Java classes. See the <a href="https://groovy-lang.org/releasenotes/groovy-3.0.html#releasenotes">release notes for Groovy 3.0</a> for details.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Grails framework 5 updates to Spring 5.3.10 and Spring Boot 2.5.5. We strongly recommend checking the following Spring technologies release notes for more information.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/wiki/Spring-Boot-2.6-Release-Notes">Spring Boot 2.6</a></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/wiki/Upgrading-to-Spring-Framework-5.x#upgrading-to-version-53">Upgrading to Spring Framework 5.3</a></p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Grails framework 5 is built with Groovy 3.0.7, which requires JDK 8 as the minimum version of JRE. We have tested most Grails projects up to JDK 14.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_important_changes">Important Changes</h3> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_deprecating_dot_based_navigation">Deprecating ‘dot’-Based Navigation</h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The ‘dot’-based navigation to Grails config is deprecated and will be removed in the future.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>We request that you update your plugins to use configuration beans <code>@ConfigurationProperties</code> or <code>@Value</code>, or access configuration settings using <code>grailsApplication.config.getProperty(‘a.b.c’, String)</code> instead of <code>grailsApplication.config.a.b.c</code>. For more information, read the documentation at <a href="plugins.html#creatingAndInstallingPlugins">Creating and Installing Plugins</a>.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect4"> |
| <h5 id="_default_autowire_by_type">Default Autowire By Type</h5> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>In previous versions, the beans inside the Grails DataService were autowire by name, but this is changed to autowire by type in Grails framework 5. Use the Spring <code>@Qualifier</code> annotation to autowire by name. For details, see the Spring documentation for Fine-tuning Annotation Based Autowiring with Qualifiers.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_grails_gradle_plugin">Grails Gradle Plugin</h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The Grails Gradle Plugin is moved out of grails-core and may follow separate versioning, so you should decouple the <code>grailsVersion</code> Gradle property from <code>grailsGradlePluginVersion</code> in existing applications.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect3"> |
| <h4 id="_grails_gradle_publish_plugin_removed">Grails Gradle Publish Plugin Removed</h4> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The Grails Gradle Publish plugin used the Bintray API to publish artifacts. However, after the JFrog shutdown of Bintray, this stopped working. We have removed this plugin from the new Grails Plugin applications.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <h2 id="dependencyUpgrades">1.1.1 Updated Dependencies</h2> |
| |
| <div class='contribute-btn'> |
| <button type='button' class='btn btn-default' onclick='window.location.href="https://github.com/grails/grails-doc/edit/5.3.x/src/en/guide/introduction/whatsNew/dependencyUpgrades.adoc"'> |
| <i class='fa fa-pencil-square-o'></i> Improve this doc |
| </button> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Grails 5.3.0 ships with the following dependency upgrades:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Groovy 3.0.11</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Micronaut 3</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Micronaut for Spring 4</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>GORM 7.3.2</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Spring Framework 5.3</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Spring Boot 2.7</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Gradle 7.2</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Spock 2.1-groovy-3.0</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Grails Testing Support 2.4.1</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| |
| |
| <div style="clear:both;margin-top:15px;"></div> |
| |
| <div class="toc-item next-right"><a href="../guide/gettingStarted.html"><strong>2</strong><span>Getting Started</span> >></a></div> |
| |
| <div style="clear:both"></div> |
| </div> |
| </td> |
| <td id="col2"> |
| <div class="local clearfix"> |
| <div class="local-title"> |
| <a href="../guide/index.html" target="mainFrame">Quick Reference</a> |
| <span class="toggle">(<a href="#" onclick="localToggle(); return false;">hide</a>)</span> |
| </div> |
| <div class="menu"> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"><h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(this.parentNode.childNodes[1])">Command Line</h1><div class="menu-sub"> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/bug-report.html">bug-report</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/clean.html">clean</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/compile.html">compile</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/console.html">console</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-app.html">create-app</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-command.html">create-command</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-controller.html">create-controller</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-domain-class.html">create-domain-class</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-functional-test.html">create-functional-test</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-hibernate-cfg-xml.html">create-hibernate-cfg-xml</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-integration-test.html">create-integration-test</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-interceptor.html">create-interceptor</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-plugin.html">create-plugin</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-profile.html">create-profile</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-script.html">create-script</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-service.html">create-service</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-taglib.html">create-taglib</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/create-unit-test.html">create-unit-test</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/dependency-report.html">dependency-report</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/docs.html">docs</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/generate-all.html">generate-all</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/generate-controller.html">generate-controller</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/generate-views.html">generate-views</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/help.html">help</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/install-templates.html">install-templates</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/list-plugins.html">list-plugins</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/list-profiles.html">list-profiles</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/package-plugin.html">package-plugin</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/package.html">package</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/plugin-info.html">plugin-info</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/profile-info.html">profile-info</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/run-app.html">run-app</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/run-command.html">run-command</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/run-script.html">run-script</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/schema-export.html">schema-export</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/shell.html">shell</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/stats.html">stats</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/stop-app.html">stop-app</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/test-app.html">test-app</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Command%20Line/war.html">war</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"><h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(this.parentNode.childNodes[1])">Constraints</h1><div class="menu-sub"> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/attributes.html">attributes</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/bindable.html">bindable</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/blank.html">blank</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/creditCard.html">creditCard</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/email.html">email</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/inList.html">inList</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/matches.html">matches</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/max.html">max</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/maxSize.html">maxSize</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/min.html">min</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/minSize.html">minSize</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/notEqual.html">notEqual</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/nullable.html">nullable</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/range.html">range</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/scale.html">scale</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/size.html">size</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/unique.html">unique</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/url.html">url</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/validator.html">validator</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Constraints/widget.html">widget</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"><h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(this.parentNode.childNodes[1])">Controllers</h1><div class="menu-sub"> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/actionName.html">actionName</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/allowedMethods.html">allowedMethods</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/bindData.html">bindData</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/chain.html">chain</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/controllerName.html">controllerName</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/defaultAction.html">defaultAction</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/errors.html">errors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/flash.html">flash</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/forward.html">forward</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/grailsApplication.html">grailsApplication</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/hasErrors.html">hasErrors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/header.html">header</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/namespace.html">namespace</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/params.html">params</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/redirect.html">redirect</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/render.html">render</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/request.html">request</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/respond.html">respond</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/response.html">response</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/responseFormats.html">responseFormats</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/scope.html">scope</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/servletContext.html">servletContext</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/session.html">session</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/withForm.html">withForm</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Controllers/withFormat.html">withFormat</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"><h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(this.parentNode.childNodes[1])">Database Mapping</h1><div class="menu-sub"> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/autoImport.html">autoImport</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/autoTimestamp.html">autoTimestamp</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/batchSize.html">batchSize</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/cache.html">cache</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/cascade.html">cascade</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/column.html">column</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/comment.html">comment</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/discriminator.html">discriminator</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/dynamicInsert.html">dynamicInsert</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/dynamicUpdate.html">dynamicUpdate</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/fetch.html">fetch</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/id.html">id</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/ignoreNotFound.html">ignoreNotFound</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/indexColumn.html">indexColumn</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/insertable.html">insertable</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/joinTable.html">joinTable</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/lazy.html">lazy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/order.html">order</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/sort.html">sort</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/table.html">table</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/type.html">type</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/updateable.html">updateable</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Database%20Mapping/version.html">version</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"><h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(this.parentNode.childNodes[1])">Domain Classes</h1><div class="menu-sub"> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/addTo.html">addTo</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/attach.html">attach</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/belongsTo.html">belongsTo</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/clearErrors.html">clearErrors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/constraints.html">constraints</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/count.html">count</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/countBy.html">countBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/createCriteria.html">createCriteria</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/delete.html">delete</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/discard.html">discard</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/embedded.html">embedded</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/errors.html">errors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/executeQuery.html">executeQuery</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/executeUpdate.html">executeUpdate</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/exists.html">exists</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/fetchMode.html">fetchMode</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/find.html">find</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/findAll.html">findAll</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/findAllBy.html">findAllBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/findAllWhere.html">findAllWhere</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/findBy.html">findBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/findOrCreateBy.html">findOrCreateBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/findOrCreateWhere.html">findOrCreateWhere</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/findOrSaveBy.html">findOrSaveBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/findOrSaveWhere.html">findOrSaveWhere</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/findWhere.html">findWhere</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/first.html">first</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/get.html">get</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/getAll.html">getAll</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/getDirtyPropertyNames.html">getDirtyPropertyNames</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/getPersistentValue.html">getPersistentValue</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/hasErrors.html">hasErrors</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/hasMany.html">hasMany</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/hasOne.html">hasOne</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/ident.html">ident</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/instanceOf.html">instanceOf</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/isAttached.html">isAttached</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/isDirty.html">isDirty</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/last.html">last</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/list.html">list</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/listOrderBy.html">listOrderBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/load.html">load</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/lock.html">lock</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/mapWith.html">mapWith</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/mappedBy.html">mappedBy</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/mapping.html">mapping</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/merge.html">merge</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/namedQueries.html">namedQueries</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/properties.html">properties</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/read.html">read</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/refresh.html">refresh</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/removeFrom.html">removeFrom</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/save.html">save</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/transients.html">transients</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/validate.html">validate</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/where.html">where</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/whereAny.html">whereAny</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/withCriteria.html">withCriteria</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/withNewSession.html">withNewSession</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/withSession.html">withSession</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Domain%20Classes/withTransaction.html">withTransaction</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"><h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(this.parentNode.childNodes[1])">Plug-ins</h1><div class="menu-sub"> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/URL%20mappings.html">URL mappings</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/codecs.html">codecs</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/controllers.html">controllers</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/core.html">core</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/dataSource.html">dataSource</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/domainClasses.html">domainClasses</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/hibernate.html">hibernate</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/i18n.html">i18n</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/logging.html">logging</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/scaffolding.html">scaffolding</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/services.html">services</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Plug-ins/servlets.html">servlets</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"><h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(this.parentNode.childNodes[1])">Services</h1><div class="menu-sub"> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Services/Usage.html">Usage</a></div> |
| |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Services/scope.html">scope</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Services/transactional.html">transactional</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-block"><h1 class="menu-title" onclick="toggleRef(this.parentNode.childNodes[1])">Servlet API</h1><div class="menu-sub"> |
| |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Servlet%20API/request.html">request</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Servlet%20API/response.html">response</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Servlet%20API/servletContext.html">servletContext</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="menu-item"><a href="../ref/Servlet%20API/session.html">session</a> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <div id="footer"> |
| Copies of this document may be made for your own use and for distribution to others, provided that you do not charge any fee for such copies and further provided that each copy contains this Copyright Notice, whether distributed in print or electronically. |
| |
| </div> |
| |
| <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/docs.js"></script> |
| |
| </body> |
| </html> |
