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   <h1 class="title-container" >
     Function Execution
   </h1>

           <div id="js-quick-links" >
             <div class="quick-links"><ul>
 <li><a href="#nc-fe-server_side_requirements">Server-side Requirements</a></li>
 <li><a href="#nc-fe-client_side_requirements">Client-side Requirements</a></li>
 <li><a href="#nc-fe-how_functions_execute">How Functions Execute</a></li>
 <li><a href="#nc-fe-processing_function_results">Processing Function Results</a></li>
 <li>
 <a href="#nc-fe-examples">Function Execution Example</a><ul><li><a href="#nc-fe-cpp_example">C++ Example</a></li></ul>
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 <p>A client can invoke a server-resident function, with parameters, and can collect and operate on the returned results.</p>

 <h2 id="server-side-requirements"><a id="nc-fe-server_side_requirements"></a>Server-side Requirements</h2>

 <p>To be callable from your client, a function must be </p>

 <ul>
 <li>resident on the server, and</li>
 <li>registered as available for client access.</li>
 </ul>

 <p>See <a href="serverman/developing/function_exec/function_execution.html">Executing a Function in Apache Geode</a>
 in the Geode User Guide for details on how to write and register server-resident functions.</p>

 <h2 id="client-side-requirements"><a id="nc-fe-client_side_requirements"></a>Client-side Requirements</h2>

 <p>The client must connect to the server through a connection pool in order to invoke a server-side function.</p>

 <h2 id="how-functions-execute"><a id="nc-fe-how_functions_execute"></a>How Functions Execute</h2>

 <ol>
 <li> The calling client application runs the <code>execute</code> method on the <code>Execution</code> object. The function must already be registered on the servers.</li>
 <li> The function is invoked on the servers where it needs to run. The servers are determined by the <code>FunctionService on*</code>
 method calls, region configuration, and any filters.</li>
 <li> If the function has results, the result is returned in a <code>ResultCollector</code> object.</li>
 <li> The client collects results using the <code>ResultCollector.getResult()</code> method.</li>
 </ol>

 <p>In every client where you want to execute the function and process the results:</p>

 <ul>
 <li>Use one of the <code>FunctionService on*</code> methods to create an <code>Execution</code> object. The <code>on*</code> methods,
 <code>onRegion</code>, <code>onServer</code> and <code>onServers</code>, define the highest level where the function is run.</li>
 <li>If you use <code>onRegion</code> you can further narrow your run scope by setting key filters.</li>
 <li>A function run using <code>onRegion</code> is a <em>data dependent</em> function – others are <em>data-independent</em> functions.</li>
 <li><p>You can run a data dependent function against partitioned and colocated partitioned regions. From the client, provide the appropriate key
 sets to the function call.</p></li>
 <li><p>The <code>Execution</code> object allows you to customize the invocation by:</p>

 <ul>
 <li>  Providing a set of data keys to <code>withFilter</code> to narrow the execution scope. This works only for <code>onRegion</code> Execution objects (data-dependent functions).</li>
 <li>  Providing function arguments to <code>withArgs</code>.</li>
 <li>  Defining a custom <code>ResultCollector</code> for <code>withCollector</code>.</li>
 </ul></li>
 <li><p>Call the <code>Execution.execute()</code> method to run the function.</p></li>
 </ul>

 <h2 id="processing-function-results"><a id="nc-fe-processing_function_results"></a>Processing Function Results</h2>

 <p>To get the results from the function in the client app, use the result collector returned from the function execution.
 The <code>getResult</code> methods of the default result collector block until all results are received, then return the full result set.</p>

 <p>The client can use the default result collector. If the client needs special results handling, code a custom <code>ResultsCollector</code> implementation to replace the default.
 Use the <code>Execution::withCollector</code> method to specify the custom collector.
 To handle the results in a custom manner:</p>

 <ol>
 <li> Write a class that implements the <code>ResultCollector</code> interface to handle the results in a custom manner. The methods are of two types: one handles data and information from Geode and populates the results set, while the other returns the compiled results to the calling application:

 <ul>
 <li> <code>addResult</code> is called when results arrive from the <code>Function</code> methods. Use <code>addResult</code> to add a single result to the ResultCollector.</li>
 <li> <code>endResults</code> is called to signal the end of all results from the function execution.</li>
 <li> <code>getResult</code> is available to your executing application (the one that calls <code>Execution.execute</code>) to retrieve the results. This may block until all results are available.</li>
 <li> <code>clearResults</code> is called to clear partial results from the results collector. This is used only for highly available <code>onRegion</code> functions where the calling application waits for the results. If the call fails, before Geode retries the execution, it calls <code>clearResults</code> to ready the instance for a clean set of results.</li>
 </ul></li>
 <li> Use the <code>Execution</code> object in your executing member to call <code>withCollector</code>, passing your custom collector.</li>
 </ol>

 <h2 id="function-execution-example"><a id="nc-fe-examples"></a>Function Execution Example</h2>

 <p>The native client release contains examples of function execution in <code>../examples/cpp/functionexecution</code>.</p>

 <ul>
 <li>The example begins with a server-side script that runs <code>gfsh</code> commands to create a region, simply called &ldquo;partition_region&rdquo;.</li>
 <li>The function is preloaded with a JAR file containing the server-side Java function code. </li>
 <li>The function, called &ldquo;ExampleMultiGetFunction&rdquo;, is defined in the
 <code>examples/utilities</code> directory of your distribution. As its input parameter, the function takes an array of keys,
 then performs a <code>get</code> on each key and returns an array containing the results.</li>
 <li>The function does not load values into the data store. That is a separate operation, performed in these examples by
 the client, and does not involve the server-side function.</li>
 </ul>

 <p>As prerequisites, the client code must be aware of the connection to the server, the name of the function, and the expected type/format
 of the input parameter and return value.</p>

 <p>The client:</p>

 <ul>
 <li>creates an execution object</li>
 <li>provides the execution object with a populated input parameter array</li>
 <li>invokes the object&rsquo;s execute method to invoke the server-side function</li>
 </ul>

 <p>If the client expects results, it must create a result object.
 The .NET example uses a built-in result collector (<code>IResultCollector.getResults()</code>) to retrieve the function results.</p>

 <p>The example creates a result variable to hold the results from the collector.</p>

 <h3 id="c++-example"><a id="nc-fe-cpp_example"></a>C++ Example</h3>

 <p>This section contains code snippets showing highlights of the C++ function execution example. They are not intended for cut-and-paste execution.
 For the complete source, see the example source directory.</p>

 <p>The C++ example creates a cache.</p>
 <pre class="highlight cpp"><code><span class="n">Cache</span> <span class="nf">setupCache</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
   <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">CacheFactory</span><span class="p">()</span>
       <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"log-level"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"none"</span><span class="p">)</span>
       <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">();</span>
 <span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>The example client uses the cache to create a connection pool, </p>
 <pre class="highlight cpp"><code><span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">createPool</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">Cache</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">cache</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
   <span class="k">auto</span> <span class="n">pool</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cache</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">getPoolManager</span><span class="p">()</span>
       <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">createFactory</span><span class="p">()</span>
       <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">addServer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"localhost"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">EXAMPLE_SERVER_PORT</span><span class="p">)</span>
       <span class="p">.</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"pool"</span><span class="p">);</span>
 <span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>Then, using that pool, the client creates a region with the same characteristics and name as the server-side region (<code>partition_region</code>).</p>
 <pre class="highlight cpp"><code><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">shared_ptr</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Region</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">createRegion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Cache</span><span class="o">&amp;</span> <span class="n">cache</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
   <span class="k">auto</span> <span class="n">regionFactory</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cache</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">createRegionFactory</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RegionShortcut</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">PROXY</span><span class="p">);</span>
   <span class="k">auto</span> <span class="n">region</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">regionFactory</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">setPoolName</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"pool"</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"partition_region"</span><span class="p">);</span>

   <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">region</span><span class="p">;</span>
 <span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>The sample client populates the server&rsquo;s datastore with values, using the API and some sample key-value pairs.</p>
 <pre class="highlight cpp"><code><span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">populateRegion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">shared_ptr</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Region</span><span class="o">&gt;&amp;</span> <span class="n">region</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
   <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
     <span class="n">region</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">values</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
   <span class="p">}</span>
 <span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>As confirmation that the data has been stored, the sample client uses the API to retrieve the values and write them to the console.
 This is done without reference to the server-side example function.</p>
 <pre class="highlight cpp"><code><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">shared_ptr</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">CacheableVector</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">populateArguments</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
   <span class="k">auto</span> <span class="n">arguments</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">CacheableVector</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">();</span>
   <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
     <span class="n">arguments</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">CacheableKey</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]));</span>
   <span class="p">}</span>
   <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">arguments</span><span class="p">;</span>
 <span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>Next, the client retrieves those same values using the server-side example function.
 The client code creates the input parameter, an array of keys whose values are to be retrieved.</p>
 <pre class="highlight cpp"><code><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">executeFunctionOnServer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">shared_ptr</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Region</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">region</span><span class="p">,</span>
     <span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">shared_ptr</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">CacheableVector</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">arguments</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
   <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">resultList</span><span class="p">;</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>The client creates an execution object using <code>Client.FunctionService.OnRegion</code> and specifying the region.</p>
 <pre class="highlight cpp"><code>  <span class="k">auto</span> <span class="n">functionService</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FunctionService</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">onServer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">region</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">getRegionService</span><span class="p">());</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>The client then calls the server side function with its input arguments and stores the results in a vector.</p>
 <pre class="highlight cpp"><code>  <span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span> <span class="n">executeFunctionResult</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">functionService</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">withArgs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arguments</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">getFuncIName</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">getResult</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="p">{</span>
     <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">arrayList</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">executeFunctionResult</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
       <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">cachedString</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">dynamic_pointer_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">CacheableArrayList</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrayList</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">{</span>
         <span class="n">resultList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">dynamic_pointer_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">CacheableString</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cachedString</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="p">());</span>
       <span class="p">}</span>
     <span class="p">}</span>
   <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
     <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">cout</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">"get executeFunctionResult is NULL</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">;</span>
   <span class="p">}</span>

   <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">resultList</span><span class="p">;</span>
 <span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre>

 <p>It then loops through the results vector and prints the retrieved values.</p>
 <pre class="highlight cpp"><code><span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">printResults</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;&amp;</span> <span class="n">resultList</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
   <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">cout</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">"Result count = "</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">resultList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">endl</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
   <span class="kt">int</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
   <span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">auto</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">cachedString</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="n">resultList</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
     <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">cout</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\t</span><span class="s">Result["</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">"]="</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">cachedString</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
     <span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
   <span class="p">}</span>
 </code></pre>


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