| <!doctype html><html lang=zh-CN dir=ltr class="docs-wrapper plugin-docs plugin-id-default docs-version-1.3.0 docs-doc-page docs-doc-id-guide/java/native_serialization" data-has-hydrated=false><head><meta charset=UTF-8><meta name=generator content="Docusaurus v3.10.1"><title data-rh=true>原生序列化 | Apache Fory™</title><meta data-rh=true name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/><meta data-rh=true property=og:url content=https://fory.apache.org/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/native_serialization /><meta data-rh=true property=og:locale content=zh_CN /><meta data-rh=true property=og:locale:alternate content=en_US /><meta data-rh=true name=docusaurus_locale content=zh-CN /><meta data-rh=true name=docsearch:language content=zh-CN /><meta data-rh=true http-equiv=Content-Security-Policy content="frame-src 'self' https://ghbtns.com/;"/><meta data-rh=true property=og:image content=https://fory.apache.org/img/logo.png /><meta data-rh=true property=og:image:width content=1500 /><meta data-rh=true property=og:image:height content=1500 /><meta data-rh=true name=twitter:card content=summary_large_image /><meta data-rh=true name=twitter:image content=https://fory.apache.org/img/logo.png /><meta data-rh=true name=docusaurus_version content=1.3.0 /><meta data-rh=true name=docusaurus_tag content=docs-default-1.3.0 /><meta data-rh=true name=docsearch:version content=1.3.0 /><meta data-rh=true name=docsearch:docusaurus_tag content=docs-default-1.3.0 /><meta data-rh=true property=og:title content="原生序列化 | Apache Fory™"/><meta data-rh=true name=description content="Java 原生序列化是通过 withXlang(false) 选择的 Java 专用编码格式。当所有写入方和读取方都是 Java/JVM 进程，并且载荷应遵循 JVM 类型系统而不是可移植的 xlang 类型系统时，请使用它。对于仅面向 Java/JVM、用于替代 JDK serialization、Kryo、FST、Hessian 或 Java-only Protocol Buffers 载荷的场景，原生序列化是合适的起点。"/><meta data-rh=true property=og:description content="Java 原生序列化是通过 withXlang(false) 选择的 Java 专用编码格式。当所有写入方和读取方都是 Java/JVM 进程，并且载荷应遵循 JVM 类型系统而不是可移植的 xlang 类型系统时，请使用它。对于仅面向 Java/JVM、用于替代 JDK serialization、Kryo、FST、Hessian 或 Java-only Protocol Buffers 载荷的场景，原生序列化是合适的起点。"/><link data-rh=true rel=icon href=/zh-CN/img/favicon.ico /><link data-rh=true rel=canonical href=https://fory.apache.org/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/native_serialization /><link data-rh=true rel=alternate href=https://fory.apache.org/docs/guide/java/native_serialization hreflang=en-US /><link data-rh=true rel=alternate href=https://fory.apache.org/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/native_serialization hreflang=zh-CN /><link data-rh=true rel=alternate href=https://fory.apache.org/docs/guide/java/native_serialization hreflang=x-default /><script data-rh=true type=application/ld+json>{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","item":"https://fory.apache.org/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/","name":"Java","position":1},{"@type":"ListItem","item":"https://fory.apache.org/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/native_serialization","name":"原生序列化","position":2}]}</script><link rel=alternate type=application/rss+xml href=/zh-CN/blog/rss.xml title="Apache Fory™ RSS Feed"><link rel=alternate type=application/atom+xml href=/zh-CN/blog/atom.xml title="Apache Fory™ Atom Feed"><script type=text/javascript>"fury.apache.org"===window.location.host&&(window.location.href="https://fory.apache.org"),function(){for(var o=window.location.pathname,a=["guide","introduction","start"],n=0;n<a.length;n++){var t=a[n],i=RegExp("^((?:/[a-z]{2}-[A-Z]{2})?/docs(?:/(?:next|[0-9]+.[0-9]+))?)/docs/"+t+"(/.*)?$"),c=o.match(i);if(c){var r=c[1]+"/"+t+(c[2]||"");window.location.replace(r+window.location.search+window.location.hash);return}}}()</script><link rel=stylesheet href=/zh-CN/assets/css/styles.3a1edaa1.css /><script src=/zh-CN/assets/js/runtime~main.49719703.js defer></script><script src=/zh-CN/assets/js/main.bc407ed5.js defer></script></head><body><svg style="display: none;"><defs> |
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menu__caret"></button></div></ul></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class=docMainContainer_TBSr><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class=row><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class=docItemContainer_Djhp><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label=页面路径><ul class=breadcrumbs><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a aria-label=主页面 class=breadcrumbs__link href=/zh-CN/><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill=currentColor /></svg></a><li class=breadcrumbs__item><span class=breadcrumbs__link>用户指南</span><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a class=breadcrumbs__link href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/><span>Java</span></a><li class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class=breadcrumbs__link>原生序列化</span></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">版本：1.3.0</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type=button class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">本页总览</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>原生序列化</h1></header><p>Java 原生序列化是通过 <code>withXlang(false)</code> 选择的 Java 专用编码格式。当所有写入方和读取方都是 Java/JVM 进程，并且载荷应遵循 JVM 类型系统而不是可移植的 xlang 类型系统时，请使用它。对于仅面向 Java/JVM、用于替代 JDK serialization、Kryo、FST、Hessian 或 Java-only Protocol Buffers 载荷的场景，原生序列化是合适的起点。</p> |
| <p>本页中的原生序列化指 Fory 的 <code>xlang=false</code> 编码模式。它不同于 GraalVM native image 支持；后者请参阅 <a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/graalvm_support>GraalVM 支持</a>。</p> |
| <p>当字节必须由非 Java Fory 运行时读取时，请使用默认 Java 模式 <a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/xlang_serialization>Xlang 序列化</a>。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=何时使用原生序列化>何时使用原生序列化<a href=#何时使用原生序列化 class=hash-link aria-label=何时使用原生序列化的直接链接 title=何时使用原生序列化的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>在以下情况下使用原生序列化：</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">载荷只由 Java/JVM 应用产生和消费。</li> |
| <li class="">对象模型使用 Java 特有类型、JDK 集合、包装类型、继承、接口或多态，并且不需要跨语言 Schema。</li> |
| <li class="">现有类依赖 JDK 序列化钩子，例如 <code>writeObject</code>、<code>readObject</code>、<code>writeReplace</code>、<code>readResolve</code>、<code>readObjectNoData</code> 或 <code>Externalizable</code>。</li> |
| <li class="">你需要通过 <code>Fory.copy(...)</code> 进行 Java 对象复制。</li> |
| <li class="">大型基本类型数组或二进制载荷应使用原生模式的带外缓冲区。</li> |
| <li class="">你正在替换 Java-only 序列化框架，并希望覆盖最广泛的 Java 对象表面。</li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>当载荷必须由 Python、C++、Go、Rust、JavaScript/TypeScript、C#、Swift、Dart 或其他非 Java 运行时读取时，请改用 xlang 序列化。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=创建原生运行时>创建原生运行时<a href=#创建原生运行时 class=hash-link aria-label=创建原生运行时的直接链接 title=创建原生运行时的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>org</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>apache</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>fory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>requireClassRegistration</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withRefTracking</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token plain"> bytes </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">object</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token plain"> decoded </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>为每种配置创建并复用一个 <code>Fory</code> 或 <code>ThreadSafeFory</code> 实例。创建 Fory 的成本不低，因为运行时会缓存类元数据、序列化器和生成的代码。</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>org</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>apache</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>fory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>org</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>apache</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>fory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">ThreadSafeFory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">ThreadSafeFory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>requireClassRegistration</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withRefTracking</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>buildThreadSafeFory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>register</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">Order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>100</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>在并发序列化开始前，应在启动阶段注册类和序列化器。当类加载器、注册、安全、Schema 演进或引用跟踪设置不同时，请使用单独的运行时。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=schema-演进>Schema 演进<a href=#schema-演进 class=hash-link aria-label="Schema 演进的直接链接" title="Schema 演进的直接链接" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>原生序列化默认使用 schema-consistent 模式。在 schema-consistent 模式下，写入方和读取方的类应具有相同 Schema。这是原生模式下最直接的路径，也是同步部署的合适默认值。</p> |
| <p>当 Java 类可能在写入方和读取方部署之间独立演进时，请启用兼容模式：</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withCompatible</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>兼容模式允许读取方在 Schema 元数据仍兼容时容忍字段的新增、删除或重排。它还会默认启用元数据共享。字段 ID、类版本检查、元信息共享以及未知类处理，请参阅 <a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/schema_evolution>Schema 演进</a>。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=注册与安全>注册与安全<a href=#注册与安全 class=hash-link aria-label=注册与安全的直接链接 title=注册与安全的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>类注册默认启用。对于服务边界，请保持启用并显式注册应用类：</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>requireClassRegistration</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>register</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">Order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>100</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>register</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">LineItem</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>101</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>显式数值 ID 可以避免注册顺序漂移。如果使用不带 ID 的 <code>fory.register(MyClass.class)</code>，每个写入方和读取方都必须按相同顺序注册类。当类型 ID 协调更困难时，也可以使用基于名称的注册：</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>register</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">Order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"com.example"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Order"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>只有在可信环境中才应禁用类注册。如果需要动态类加载，请安装 <code>TypeChecker</code> 或 <code>AllowListChecker</code>，使反序列化能够拒绝非预期类：</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>org</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>apache</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>fory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>org</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>apache</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>fory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>resolver</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">AllowListChecker</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">AllowListChecker</span><span class="token plain"> checker </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">AllowListChecker</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">AllowListChecker</span><span class="token class-name punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token class-name">CheckLevel</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token constant" style=color:#36acaa>STRICT</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">checker</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>allowClass</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"com.example.*"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>requireClassRegistration</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withTypeChecker</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">checker</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withMaxDepth</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>100</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>使用 <code>withMaxDepth(...)</code> 限制不可信或外部提供载荷的对象图深度。完整安全配置请参阅 <a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/type_registration>类型注册</a>。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=java-对象表面>Java 对象表面<a href=#java-对象表面 class=hash-link aria-label="Java 对象表面的直接链接" title="Java 对象表面的直接链接" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>原生序列化负责 Java 特有的对象表面：</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">POJO、record、枚举、基本类型数组、对象数组以及常见 JDK 集合。</li> |
| <li class="">继承、接口、多态字段、共享引用和循环对象图。</li> |
| <li class="">不需要映射到可移植 xlang 类型的 Java 包装类型和集合行为。</li> |
| <li class="">需要 Java serialization 兼容性的类所使用的 JDK 序列化钩子。</li> |
| <li class="">通过 <code>registerSerializer(...)</code> 或 <code>registerSerializerAndType(...)</code> 注册的自定义序列化器。</li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>对于普通应用类，Fory 可以使用生成的序列化器，并避免 JDK <code>ObjectOutputStream</code> 语义。需要 JDK 序列化钩子的类可能会使用 Java serialization 兼容路径；当基于钩子的路径成本过高时，应优先为热点类使用 Fory 自定义序列化器。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=jdk-序列化钩子>JDK 序列化钩子<a href=#jdk-序列化钩子 class=hash-link aria-label="JDK 序列化钩子的直接链接" title="JDK 序列化钩子的直接链接" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>Java 原生模式支持许多现有 Java 对象模型中的 JDK 序列化钩子：</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""><code>writeObject</code> 和 <code>readObject</code></li> |
| <li class=""><code>writeReplace</code> 和 <code>readResolve</code></li> |
| <li class=""><code>readObjectNoData</code></li> |
| <li class=""><code>Externalizable</code></li> |
| </ul> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>io</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">IOException</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>io</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">ObjectInputStream</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>io</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">ObjectOutputStream</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>io</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">Serializable</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">MyClass</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>implements</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Serializable</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>void</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>writeObject</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">ObjectOutputStream</span><span class="token plain"> out</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>throws</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">IOException</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 自定义序列化逻辑。</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>void</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>readObject</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">ObjectInputStream</span><span class="token plain"> in</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>throws</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">IOException</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 自定义反序列化逻辑。</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>writeReplace</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>this</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>readResolve</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>this</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>Fory 原生载荷不是 JDK <code>ObjectOutputStream</code> 载荷。这些钩子会为了 Java 对象兼容性而被遵循，但新的载荷应由 Fory 写入和读取。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=从-java-序列化框架迁移>从 Java 序列化框架迁移<a href=#从-java-序列化框架迁移 class=hash-link aria-label="从 Java 序列化框架迁移的直接链接" title="从 Java 序列化框架迁移的直接链接" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>替换 JDK serialization、Kryo、FST、Hessian 或 Java-only Protocol Buffers 管线时：</p> |
| <ol> |
| <li class="">从 <code>.withXlang(false)</code> 开始，因为数据仅面向 Java。</li> |
| <li class="">保持 <code>requireClassRegistration(true)</code>，并使用显式 ID 注册应用类。</li> |
| <li class="">如果写入方和读取方部署会独立滚动，请使用 <code>.withCompatible(true)</code>。</li> |
| <li class="">只有当身份或循环引用很重要时，才启用 <code>.withRefTracking(true)</code>。</li> |
| <li class="">为那些否则会使用昂贵 JDK 序列化钩子的热点类添加自定义序列化器。</li> |
| <li class="">尽可能将旧字节流和新字节流分开。</li> |
| </ol> |
| <p>当应用必须读取可能是 JDK <code>ObjectOutputStream</code> 字节或 Fory 原生模式字节的数据时，<code>JavaSerializer.serializedByJDK</code> 可以在回退到 Fory 前识别 JDK 载荷：</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>io</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">ByteArrayInputStream</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>io</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">ObjectInputStream</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>org</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>apache</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>fory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>serializer</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">JavaSerializer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">JavaSerializer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serializedByJDK</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">ObjectInputStream</span><span class="token plain"> objectInputStream </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">ObjectInputStream</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">ByteArrayInputStream</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> objectInputStream</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>readObject</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>只在确实接受两种格式的边界使用这个桥接方式。除此之外，原生模式 Fory 载荷应由 Fory 直接写入和读取。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=对象图与引用跟踪>对象图与引用跟踪<a href=#对象图与引用跟踪 class=hash-link aria-label=对象图与引用跟踪的直接链接 title=对象图与引用跟踪的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>启用引用跟踪时，原生模式支持共享引用和循环引用：</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withRefTracking</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>只有对于身份和循环都不是数据模型组成部分的值形对象图，才应禁用引用跟踪：</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withRefTracking</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>引用跟踪是一项语义选择。关闭它可以提升性能并减小载荷大小，但重复引用会反序列化为不同对象，并且不支持循环。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=对象复制>对象复制<a href=#对象复制 class=hash-link aria-label=对象复制的直接链接 title=对象复制的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>Fory 可以在不物化字节数组的情况下深拷贝 Java 对象。完整复制语义、自定义复制钩子和故障排查，请参阅 <a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/object_copy>对象复制</a>。</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withRefCopy</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">MyClass</span><span class="token plain"> copy </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>copy</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">original</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p><code>withRefCopy(true)</code> 控制复制操作中的引用保留。它不同于控制序列化和反序列化的 <code>withRefTracking(...)</code>。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=零拷贝序列化>零拷贝序列化<a href=#零拷贝序列化 class=hash-link aria-label=零拷贝序列化的直接链接 title=零拷贝序列化的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>原生模式支持将大型二进制值和基本类型数组作为带外 <code>BufferObject</code> 载荷：</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>util</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>util</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">Arrays</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>util</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">Collection</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>util</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">List</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>util</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>stream</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">Collectors</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>org</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>apache</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>fory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>org</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>apache</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>fory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>memory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">MemoryBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>org</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>apache</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>fory</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>serializer</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">BufferObject</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">List</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generics class-name">Object</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token plain"> value </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Arrays</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>asList</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"str"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1000</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>int</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>100</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>double</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>100</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Collection</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generics class-name">BufferObject</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token plain"> bufferObjects </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token plain"> bytes </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> bufferObject </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>-></span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>!</span><span class="token plain">bufferObjects</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>add</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bufferObject</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">List</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generics class-name">MemoryBuffer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token plain"> buffers </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> bufferObjects</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>stream</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>map</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">BufferObject</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>collect</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">Collectors</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>toList</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token plain"> decoded </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> buffers</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>对于应以带外方式发送的缓冲区，回调返回 <code>false</code>。主字节数组仍包含根对象图，并按回调顺序引用这些缓冲区。</p> |
| <p>当传输层能够分别携带主载荷和缓冲区时，请使用这种方式。如果流会作为一个字节数组存储或发送，请省略回调，让 Fory 将缓冲区内容保留在带内。</p> |
| <p>原生序列化还支持字节数组、<code>MemoryBuffer</code>、<code>ByteBuffer</code>、<code>OutputStream</code>、<code>ForyInputStream</code> 和 <code>ForyReadableChannel</code> API。选择与你已有边界匹配的 API；当缓冲区或流已经可用时，避免再通过 <code>byte[]</code> 复制。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=类加载器>类加载器<a href=#类加载器 class=hash-link aria-label=类加载器的直接链接 title=类加载器的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">ClassLoader</span><span class="token plain"> loader </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Thread</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>currentThread</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>getContextClassLoader</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withClassLoader</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">loader</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>每个 <code>Fory</code> 实例都绑定到一个类加载器，因为类元数据和序列化器会被缓存。对于每个应用、插件或租户类加载器，请构建单独的运行时，而不是在已有运行时上切换加载器。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=性能指南>性能指南<a href=#性能指南 class=hash-link aria-label=性能指南的直接链接 title=性能指南的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""> |
| <p>复用 <code>Fory</code> 或 <code>ThreadSafeFory</code> 实例，不要为每个请求重新构建。</p> |
| </li> |
| <li class=""> |
| <p>使用显式数值 ID 注册类，以获得紧凑的类型元数据和稳定的部署。</p> |
| </li> |
| <li class=""> |
| <p>对同步部署的 Java 服务保持 schema-consistent 模式；只有在 Schema 演进需要时才启用兼容模式。</p> |
| </li> |
| <li class=""> |
| <p>对于没有身份或循环的值形对象图，禁用引用跟踪。</p> |
| </li> |
| <li class=""> |
| <p>当启动延迟可以接受先解释执行再序列化时，在普通 JVM 上使用异步编译：</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withAsyncCompilation</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| <li class=""> |
| <p>在普通 JVM 上保持运行时代码生成启用。对于 GraalVM native image 和 Android 流程，使用静态生成的序列化器。</p> |
| </li> |
| <li class=""> |
| <p>当传输层支持拆分载荷时，对大型基本类型数组或二进制字段使用零拷贝带外缓冲区。</p> |
| </li> |
| <li class=""> |
| <p>当对象约定允许时，为热点类使用 Fory 自定义序列化器来替换昂贵的 JDK 序列化钩子。</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=原生与-xlang-对比>原生与 Xlang 对比<a href=#原生与-xlang-对比 class=hash-link aria-label="原生与 Xlang 对比的直接链接" title="原生与 Xlang 对比的直接链接" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <table><thead><tr><th>需求<th>使用原生序列化<th>使用 xlang 序列化<tbody><tr><td>仅 Java/JVM 的载荷<td>是<td>可选<tr><td>非 Java 读取方或写入方<td>否<td>是<tr><td>广泛的 Java 对象表面<td>是<td>仅限 xlang 类型<tr><td>JDK 序列化钩子<td>是<td>否<tr><td>Java 对象复制<td>是<td>否<tr><td>跨运行时的可移植类型映射<td>否<td>是<tr><td>默认兼容 Schema 演进<td>否<td>是<tr><td>Schema 一致的同语言性能<td>是<td>否</table> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=故障排查>故障排查<a href=#故障排查 class=hash-link aria-label=故障排查的直接链接 title=故障排查的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=非-java-运行时无法读取载荷>非 Java 运行时无法读取载荷<a href=#非-java-运行时无法读取载荷 class=hash-link aria-label="非 Java 运行时无法读取载荷的直接链接" title="非 Java 运行时无法读取载荷的直接链接" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>写入方正在使用原生序列化。请使用 <code>.withXlang(true)</code> 重新构建写入方，并让类型注册与每个对等运行时保持一致。</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=反序列化期间类被拒绝>反序列化期间类被拒绝<a href=#反序列化期间类被拒绝 class=hash-link aria-label=反序列化期间类被拒绝的直接链接 title=反序列化期间类被拒绝的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>保持类注册启用，并在写入方和读取方都注册该类。如果确实需要动态类加载，请只在配合 allow-listing <code>TypeChecker</code> 时使用 <code>requireClassRegistration(false)</code>。</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=滚动部署在字段变更后失败>滚动部署在字段变更后失败<a href=#滚动部署在字段变更后失败 class=hash-link aria-label=滚动部署在字段变更后失败的直接链接 title=滚动部署在字段变更后失败的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>原生序列化默认使用 schema-consistent 模式。当写入方和读取方版本可能不同时，请使用 <code>.withCompatible(true)</code>，并为长期存在的 Schema 添加稳定字段元数据。</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=对象身份未被保留>对象身份未被保留<a href=#对象身份未被保留 class=hash-link aria-label=对象身份未被保留的直接链接 title=对象身份未被保留的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>为序列化和反序列化启用 <code>.withRefTracking(true)</code>。对于 <code>Fory.copy(...)</code>，启用 <code>.withRefCopy(true)</code>。</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=迁移后的边界同时收到-jdk-和-fory-字节>迁移后的边界同时收到 JDK 和 Fory 字节<a href=#迁移后的边界同时收到-jdk-和-fory-字节 class=hash-link aria-label="迁移后的边界同时收到 JDK 和 Fory 字节的直接链接" title="迁移后的边界同时收到 JDK 和 Fory 字节的直接链接" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>只在混合格式边界使用 <code>JavaSerializer.serializedByJDK(...)</code>，然后将 JDK 字节路由到 <code>ObjectInputStream</code>，将 Fory 原生字节路由到 <code>fory.deserialize(...)</code>。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=相关主题>相关主题<a href=#相关主题 class=hash-link aria-label=相关主题的直接链接 title=相关主题的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/basic_serialization>基础序列化</a> - 以 Xlang 优先的 Java 快速入门</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/xlang_serialization>Xlang 序列化</a> - 跨运行时 Java 载荷</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/configuration>配置</a> - Java 构建器选项</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/schema_evolution>Schema 演进</a> - 兼容模式和 schema-consistent 模式</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/type_registration>类型注册</a> - 注册和安全</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/object_copy>对象复制</a> - 深拷贝语义</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/custom_serializers>自定义序列化器</a> - 自定义 Java 序列化器</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/static_generated_serializers>静态生成序列化器</a> - 构建时生成的序列化器</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/java/graalvm_support>GraalVM 支持</a> - Native-image 平台支持</li> |
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