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theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-2 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class=menu__list-item-collapsible><a class="categoryLink_byQd menu__link menu__link--sublist" tabindex=0 href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/xlang/><span title=跨语言 class=categoryLinkLabel_W154>跨语言</span></a><button aria-label="展开侧边栏分类 '跨语言'" aria-expanded=false type=button class="clean-btn menu__caret"></button></div></ul></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class=docMainContainer_TBSr><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class=row><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class=docItemContainer_Djhp><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label=页面路径><ul class=breadcrumbs><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a aria-label=主页面 class=breadcrumbs__link href=/zh-CN/><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill=currentColor /></svg></a><li class=breadcrumbs__item><span class=breadcrumbs__link>用户指南</span><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a class=breadcrumbs__link href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/><span>C++</span></a><li class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class=breadcrumbs__link>原生序列化</span></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">版本：1.3.0</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type=button class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">本页总览</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>原生序列化</h1></header><p>C++ 原生序列化是通过 <code>.xlang(false)</code> 选择的 C++ 专用编码模式。当所有写入端和读取端都是 C++，并且载荷应遵循 C++ 类型行为而不是可移植 xlang 类型系统时，可以使用它。</p> |
| <p>当字节需要由 Java、Python、Go、Rust、JavaScript 或其他非 C++ Fory 运行时读取时，请使用默认的 C++ 模式 <a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/xlang_serialization>Xlang Serialization</a>。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=何时使用原生序列化>何时使用原生序列化<a href=#何时使用原生序列化 class=hash-link aria-label=何时使用原生序列化的直接链接 title=何时使用原生序列化的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>在以下场景使用原生序列化：</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">载荷只由 C++ 应用生成和消费。</li> |
| <li class="">数据模型使用 C++ 特有类型，例如字符类型、原生无符号类型 ID、<code>std::tuple</code>、智能指针或 C++ 多态模型。</li> |
| <li class="">需要面向同步发布服务的 Schema 一致 C++ 载荷。</li> |
| <li class="">需要为仅 C++ 的滚动部署提供兼容的 Schema 演进。</li> |
| <li class="">希望在 C++ 边界避开可移植 xlang 类型映射约束。</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=创建原生运行时>创建原生运行时<a href=#创建原生运行时 class=hash-link aria-label=创建原生运行时的直接链接 title=创建原生运行时的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token macro property directive-hash" style=color:#36acaa>#</span><span class="token macro property directive keyword" style=color:#00009f>include</span><span class="token macro property" style=color:#36acaa> </span><span class="token macro property string" style=color:#e3116c>"fory/serialization/fory.h"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token macro property directive-hash" style=color:#36acaa>#</span><span class="token macro property directive keyword" style=color:#00009f>include</span><span class="token macro property" style=color:#36acaa> </span><span class="token macro property string" style=color:#e3116c><cassert></span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token macro property directive-hash" style=color:#36acaa>#</span><span class="token macro property directive keyword" style=color:#00009f>include</span><span class="token macro property" style=color:#36acaa> </span><span class="token macro property string" style=color:#e3116c><cstdint></span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token macro property directive-hash" style=color:#36acaa>#</span><span class="token macro property directive keyword" style=color:#00009f>include</span><span class="token macro property" style=color:#36acaa> </span><span class="token macro property string" style=color:#e3116c><string></span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>namespace</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token plain">serialization</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Order</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>int64_t</span><span class="token plain"> id</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>double</span><span class="token plain"> amount</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>bool</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>operator</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>const</span><span class="token plain"> Order </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">other</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>const</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> id </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token plain"> other</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">id </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&&</span><span class="token plain"> amount </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token plain"> other</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">amount</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>FORY_STRUCT</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> id</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> amount</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>int</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>main</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>xlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token generic-function function" style=color:#d73a49>register_struct</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name">Order</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>100</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Order order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>42.5</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> bytes </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> decoded </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token generic-function function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name">Order</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>assert</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">order </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token plain"> decoded</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>每个线程使用一个配置好的 <code>Fory</code> 实例；如果同一个运行时会被多个线程共享，则构建线程安全运行时：</p> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>xlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>track_ref</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build_thread_safe</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>在并发序列化开始前注册类型。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=schema-演进>Schema 演进<a href=#schema-演进 class=hash-link aria-label="Schema 演进的直接链接" title="Schema 演进的直接链接" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>原生序列化默认使用 Schema 一致模式。当仅 C++ 的写入端和读取端 Schema 可能不同时，启用兼容模式：</p> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>xlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>compatible</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>兼容模式会写入 Schema 元数据；只要字段身份保持兼容，读取端就能容忍字段新增、删除或重排。参见 <a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/schema_evolution>Schema Evolution</a>。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=注册>注册<a href=#注册 class=hash-link aria-label=注册的直接链接 title=注册的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>序列化前使用稳定 ID 或名称注册结构体：</p> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token generic-function function" style=color:#d73a49>register_struct</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name">Order</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>100</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token generic-function function" style=color:#d73a49>register_struct</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name">Order</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"example"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Order"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>使用数字 ID 可以获得更紧凑的载荷；当独立团队通过名称协调类型身份时，使用命名空间/类型名注册。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=c-对象范围>C++ 对象范围<a href=#c-对象范围 class=hash-link aria-label="C++ 对象范围的直接链接" title="C++ 对象范围的直接链接" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>原生序列化覆盖 C++ 特有的对象范围：</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">由 <code>FORY_STRUCT</code> 描述的结构体和类。</li> |
| <li class="">标准容器，例如 <code>std::vector</code>、<code>std::map</code>、<code>std::unordered_map</code>、<code>std::set</code> 和 <code>std::unordered_set</code>。</li> |
| <li class=""><code>std::optional</code>、<code>std::variant</code> 以及类似 tuple 的值。</li> |
| <li class=""><code>std::shared_ptr</code> 和 <code>std::unique_ptr</code>。</li> |
| <li class="">字符类型，例如 <code>char</code>、<code>char16_t</code> 和 <code>char32_t</code>。</li> |
| <li class="">带原生模式类型 ID 的无符号整数类型。</li> |
| <li class="">通过 C++ 运行时注册的多态序列化。</li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>完整类型范围和 xlang 映射说明请参见 <a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/supported_types>Supported Types</a>。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=引用和智能指针>引用和智能指针<a href=#引用和智能指针 class=hash-link aria-label=引用和智能指针的直接链接 title=引用和智能指针的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>原生序列化支持智能指针和引用跟踪：</p> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>xlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>track_ref</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>启用引用跟踪时，可以保留共享指针身份，并通过受支持的指针模式表示循环对象图。对于不以身份作为模型一部分的值型数据，可以禁用引用跟踪。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=仅原生模式支持的标量形态>仅原生模式支持的标量形态<a href=#仅原生模式支持的标量形态 class=hash-link aria-label=仅原生模式支持的标量形态的直接链接 title=仅原生模式支持的标量形态的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>部分 C++ 标量形态不是可移植的 xlang 载荷。当这些形态必须作为 C++ 值往返时，请使用原生序列化：</p> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>xlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> char_bytes </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>char32_t</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain">U</span><span class="token char">'A'</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> value </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token generic-function function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name keyword" style=color:#00009f>char32_t</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">char_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> unsigned_bytes </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>uint64_t</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>42</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> unsigned_value </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token generic-function function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name keyword" style=color:#00009f>uint64_t</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">unsigned_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>对于 xlang 载荷，请使用 Schema 元数据和共享的 xlang 类型映射，而不是依赖仅 C++ 原生模式支持的类型 ID。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=性能建议>性能建议<a href=#性能建议 class=hash-link aria-label=性能建议的直接链接 title=性能建议的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">复用配置好的 <code>Fory</code> 实例。</li> |
| <li class="">为了获得最快路径，每个线程使用单线程 <code>Fory</code>；共享并发使用时使用 <code>build_thread_safe()</code>。</li> |
| <li class="">对同步发布的 C++ 服务保持原生 Schema 一致模式。</li> |
| <li class="">仅在需要 C++ 专用 Schema 演进时启用 <code>.compatible(true)</code>。</li> |
| <li class="">使用显式数字 ID 注册结构体，以获得紧凑载荷。</li> |
| <li class="">对值型图禁用引用跟踪。</li> |
| <li class="">在热点路径上优先使用具体类型，而不是多态/动态字段。</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=原生模式与-xlang-对比>原生模式与 Xlang 对比<a href=#原生模式与-xlang-对比 class=hash-link aria-label="原生模式与 Xlang 对比的直接链接" title="原生模式与 Xlang 对比的直接链接" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <table><thead><tr><th>需求<th>使用原生序列化<th>使用 xlang 序列化<tbody><tr><td>仅 C++ 载荷<td>是<td>可选<tr><td>非 C++ 读取端或写入端<td>否<td>是<tr><td>C++ 原生字符和无符号形态<td>是<td>有限<tr><td>智能指针和 C++ 对象图<td>是<td>有限<tr><td>Schema 一致的同语言载荷<td>是<td>否<tr><td>默认兼容 Schema 演进<td>否<td>是<tr><td>跨运行时可移植类型映射<td>否<td>是</table> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=故障排查>故障排查<a href=#故障排查 class=hash-link aria-label=故障排查的直接链接 title=故障排查的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=非-c-运行时无法读取载荷>非 C++ 运行时无法读取载荷<a href=#非-c-运行时无法读取载荷 class=hash-link aria-label="非 C++ 运行时无法读取载荷的直接链接" title="非 C++ 运行时无法读取载荷的直接链接" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>写入端正在使用原生序列化。请用 <code>.xlang(true)</code> 重新构建，并与每个对等运行时对齐类型注册。</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=字段变更后滚动部署失败>字段变更后滚动部署失败<a href=#字段变更后滚动部署失败 class=hash-link aria-label=字段变更后滚动部署失败的直接链接 title=字段变更后滚动部署失败的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>原生序列化默认使用 Schema 一致模式。当 Schema 可能不同时，请在写入端和读取端都使用 <code>.compatible(true)</code>。</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=�仅原生模式支持的标量无法映射到其他语言>仅原生模式支持的标量无法映射到其他语言<a href=#仅原生模式支持的标量无法映射到其他语言 class=hash-link aria-label=仅原生模式支持的标量无法映射到其他语言的直接链接 title=仅原生模式支持的标量无法映射到其他语言的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>对于可移植载荷，请使用带显式 Schema 元数据的 xlang 序列化。C++ 原生类型 ID 仅供 C++ 读取端使用。</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=共享指针图丢失身份>共享指针图丢失身份<a href=#共享指针图丢失身份 class=hash-link aria-label=共享指针图丢失身份的直接链接 title=共享指针图丢失身份的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>启用 <code>.track_ref(true)</code>，并确认图使用受支持的指针模式。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=相关主题>相关主题<a href=#相关主题 class=hash-link aria-label=相关主题的直接链接 title=相关主题的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/xlang_serialization>Xlang Serialization</a> - 跨运行时 C++ 载荷</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/configuration>Configuration</a> - 构建器选项</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/basic_serialization>Basic Serialization</a> - 对象图序列化</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/supported_types>Supported Types</a> - C++ 类型支持</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/polymorphism>Polymorphic Serialization</a> - 多态对象模型</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/schema_evolution>Schema Evolution</a> - 兼容模式</li> |
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