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menu__link--sublist" tabindex=0 href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/xlang/><span title=跨语言 class=categoryLinkLabel_W154>跨语言</span></a><button aria-label="展开侧边栏分类 '跨语言'" aria-expanded=false type=button class="clean-btn menu__caret"></button></div></ul></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class=docMainContainer_TBSr><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class=row><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class=docItemContainer_Djhp><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label=页面路径><ul class=breadcrumbs><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a aria-label=主页面 class=breadcrumbs__link href=/zh-CN/><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill=currentColor /></svg></a><li class=breadcrumbs__item><span class=breadcrumbs__link>用户指南</span><li class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class=breadcrumbs__link>C++</span></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">版本：1.3.0</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type=button class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">本页总览</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>C++ 序列化指南</h1></header><p><strong>Apache Fory™</strong> 是一个高性能的多语言序列化框架，基于 <strong>JIT 编译</strong>与<strong>零拷贝</strong>技术，在保持易用性和安全性的同时提供出色性能。</p> |
| <p>C++ 实现基于现代 C++17 特性和模板元编程，提供具备编译时类型安全的高性能序列化能力。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=为什么选择-apache-fory-c>为什么选择 Apache Fory™ C++？<a href=#为什么选择-apache-fory-c class=hash-link aria-label="为什么选择 Apache Fory™ C++？的直接链接" title="为什么选择 Apache Fory™ C++？的直接链接" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""><strong>高性能</strong>：快速序列化与优化的二进制协议</li> |
| <li class=""><strong>跨语言</strong>：可在 Java、Python、C++、Go、JavaScript 和 Rust 之间无缝序列化与反序列化数据</li> |
| <li class=""><strong>类型安全</strong>：通过基于宏的结构体注册实现编译时类型检查</li> |
| <li class=""><strong>引用跟踪</strong>：自动跟踪共享引用和循环引用</li> |
| <li class=""><strong>Schema 演进</strong>：兼容模式支持独立的 Schema 变更</li> |
| <li class=""><strong>双格式支持</strong>：对象图序列化与零拷贝行格式</li> |
| <li class=""><strong>线程安全</strong>：同时提供单线程（最快）和线程安全两种变体</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=安装>安装<a href=#安装 class=hash-link aria-label=安装的直接链接 title=安装的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>C++ 实现同时支持 CMake 和 Bazel 构建系统。</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=前置条件>前置条件<a href=#前置条件 class=hash-link aria-label=前置条件的直接链接 title=前置条件的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">CMake 3.16+（用于 CMake 构建）或 Bazel 8+（用于 Bazel 构建）</li> |
| <li class="">支持 C++17 的编译器（GCC 7+、Clang 5+、MSVC 2017+）</li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>使用 MSVC 构建时，需要配置构建系统传入 <code>/Zc:preprocessor</code>。</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=使用-cmake推荐>使用 CMake（推荐）<a href=#使用-cmake推荐 class=hash-link aria-label="使用 CMake（推荐）的直接链接" title="使用 CMake（推荐）的直接链接" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>最简单的集成方式是使用 CMake 的 <code>FetchContent</code> 模块：</p> |
| <div class="language-cmake codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cmake codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">project(my_project LANGUAGES CXX)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">if(MSVC)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> add_compile_options(/Zc:preprocessor)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">endif()</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">include(FetchContent)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">FetchContent_Declare(</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fory</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/apache/fory.git</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> GIT_TAG v1.3.0</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> SOURCE_SUBDIR cpp</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">FetchContent_MakeAvailable(fory)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">add_executable(my_app main.cc)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">target_link_libraries(my_app PRIVATE fory::serialization)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>然后构建并运行：</p> |
| <div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>mkdir</span><span class="token plain"> build </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&&</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span><span class="token plain"> build</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">cmake </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>..</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token parameter variable" style=color:#36acaa>-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain">Release</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">cmake </span><span class="token parameter variable" style=color:#36acaa>--build</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin class-name">.</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token parameter variable" style=color:#36acaa>--parallel</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">./my_app</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=使用-bazel>使用 Bazel<a href=#使用-bazel class=hash-link aria-label="使用 Bazel的直接链接" title="使用 Bazel的直接链接" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>在项目根目录创建 <code>MODULE.bazel</code> 文件：</p> |
| <div class="language-bazel codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-bazel codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">module(</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> name = "my_project",</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> version = "1.0.0",</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">)</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">bazel_dep(name = "rules_cc", version = "0.1.1")</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">bazel_dep(name = "fory", version = "1.3.0")</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">git_override(</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> module_name = "fory",</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> remote = "https://github.com/apache/fory.git",</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> commit = "v1.3.0", # 或使用特定 commit hash 以确保可复现性</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>为应用程序创建 <code>BUILD</code> 文件：</p> |
| <div class="language-bazel codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-bazel codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">cc_binary(</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> name = "my_app",</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> srcs = ["main.cc"],</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> deps = ["@fory//cpp/fory/serialization:fory_serialization"],</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>使用 MSVC 构建时，在 Bazel 配置中加入符合标准的预处理器选项：</p> |
| <div class="language-bazel codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-bazel codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"># .bazelrc</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">build --cxxopt=/Zc:preprocessor</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>然后构建并运行：</p> |
| <div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">bazel build //:my_app</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">bazel run //:my_app</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>对于本地开发，也可以改用 <code>local_path_override</code>：</p> |
| <div class="language-bazel codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-bazel codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">bazel_dep(name = "fory", version = "1.3.0")</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">local_path_override(</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> module_name = "fory",</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> path = "/path/to/fory",</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=示例>示例<a href=#示例 class=hash-link aria-label=示例的直接链接 title=示例的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>完整可运行示例请参见 <a href=https://github.com/apache/fory/tree/main/examples/cpp target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" class="">examples/cpp</a> 目录：</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""><a href=https://github.com/apache/fory/tree/main/examples/cpp/hello_world target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" class="">hello_world</a> - 对象图序列化</li> |
| <li class=""><a href=https://github.com/apache/fory/tree/main/examples/cpp/hello_row target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" class="">hello_row</a> - 行格式编码</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=快速开始>快速开始<a href=#快速开始 class=hash-link aria-label=快速开始的直接链接 title=快速开始的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=基础示例>基础示例<a href=#基础示例 class=hash-link aria-label=基础示例的直接链接 title=基础示例的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token macro property directive-hash" style=color:#36acaa>#</span><span class="token macro property directive keyword" style=color:#00009f>include</span><span class="token macro property" style=color:#36acaa> </span><span class="token macro property string" style=color:#e3116c>"fory/serialization/fory.h"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token macro property directive-hash" style=color:#36acaa>#</span><span class="token macro property directive keyword" style=color:#00009f>include</span><span class="token macro property" style=color:#36acaa> </span><span class="token macro property string" style=color:#e3116c><string></span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token macro property directive-hash" style=color:#36acaa>#</span><span class="token macro property directive keyword" style=color:#00009f>include</span><span class="token macro property" style=color:#36acaa> </span><span class="token macro property string" style=color:#e3116c><vector></span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>using</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>namespace</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token plain">serialization</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 定义结构体</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Person</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token plain">string name</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>int32_t</span><span class="token plain"> age</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token plain">vector</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token plain">string</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token plain"> hobbies</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>bool</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>operator</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>const</span><span class="token plain"> Person </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">other</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>const</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> name </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token plain"> other</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">name </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&&</span><span class="token plain"> age </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token plain"> other</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">age </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&&</span><span class="token plain"> hobbies </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token plain"> other</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">hobbies</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>FORY_STRUCT</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Person</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> age</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> hobbies</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>int</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>main</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 创建 Fory 实例</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>xlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 启用跨语言模式</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>track_ref</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 对简单类型禁用引用跟踪</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 为类型注册唯一 ID</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token generic-function function" style=color:#d73a49>register_struct</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name">Person</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 创建对象</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Person person</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Alice"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>30</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"reading"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"coding"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 序列化</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> result </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">person</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>!</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>ok</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 处理错误</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token plain">vector</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>uint8_t</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token plain"> bytes </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>move</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 反序列化</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> deser_result </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token generic-function function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name">Person</span><span class="token generic-function generic class-name operator" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>!</span><span class="token plain">deser_result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>ok</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 处理错误</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Person decoded </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>move</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">deser_result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>assert</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">person </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token plain"> decoded</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>0</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=继承字段>继承字段<a href=#继承字段 class=hash-link aria-label=继承字段的直接链接 title=继承字段的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>如果希望派生类型包含基类字段，请在 <code>FORY_STRUCT</code> 中写入 <code>FORY_BASE(Base)</code>。基类本身也必须定义自己的 <code>FORY_STRUCT</code>，这样其字段才能被引用。</p> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Base</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>int32_t</span><span class="token plain"> id</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>FORY_STRUCT</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Base</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> id</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Derived</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token base-clause class-name">Base</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token plain">string name</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>FORY_STRUCT</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Derived</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>FORY_BASE</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Base</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=线程安全>线程安全<a href=#线程安全 class=hash-link aria-label=线程安全的直接链接 title=线程安全的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>Apache Fory™ C++ 面向不同线程需求提供两种变体：</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=单线程最快>单线程（最快）<a href=#单线程最快 class=hash-link aria-label=单线程（最快）的直接链接 title=单线程（最快）的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 单线程 Fory：速度最快，但不是线程安全的</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>xlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=线程安全-1>线程安全<a href=#线程安全-1 class=hash-link aria-label=线程安全的直接链接 title=线程安全的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 线程安全 Fory：使用上下文池</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>xlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build_thread_safe</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// 可安全用于多线程</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token plain">thread </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>t1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> result </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">obj1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style=color:#393A34>::</span><span class="token plain">thread </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>t2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>auto</span><span class="token plain"> result </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">obj2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p><strong>提示：</strong> 请在启动线程之前完成类型注册，以确保每个工作线程都能看到一致的元数据。</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=使用场景>使用场景<a href=#使用场景 class=hash-link aria-label=使用场景的直接链接 title=使用场景的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=对象序列化>对象序列化<a href=#对象序列化 class=hash-link aria-label=对象序列化的直接链接 title=对象序列化的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">含嵌套对象和引用的复杂数据结构</li> |
| <li class="">微服务中的跨语言通信</li> |
| <li class="">具备完整类型安全的通用序列化</li> |
| <li class="">使用兼容模式进行 Schema 演进</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=行格式序列化>行格式序列化<a href=#行格式序列化 class=hash-link aria-label=行格式序列化的直接链接 title=行格式序列化的直接链接 translate=no></a></h3> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">高吞吐数据处理</li> |
| <li class="">需要快速字段访问的分析型负载</li> |
| <li class="">内存受限环境</li> |
| <li class="">零拷贝场景</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=后续步骤>后续步骤<a href=#后续步骤 class=hash-link aria-label=后续步骤的直接链接 title=后续步骤的直接链接 translate=no></a></h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/configuration>配置</a> - 构建器选项与模式</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/basic_serialization>基础序列化</a> - 对象图序列化</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/schema_evolution>Schema 演进</a> - 兼容模式与 Schema 变更</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/type_registration>类型注册</a> - 注册类型</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/schema_metadata>字段配置</a> - 字段级元数据（可空、引用跟踪）</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/supported_types>支持的类型</a> - 全部支持的类型</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/xlang_serialization>跨语言</a> - XLANG 模式</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/zh-CN/docs/guide/cpp/row_format>行格式</a> - 零拷贝行格式</li> |
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