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theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class=menu__list-item-collapsible><a class="categoryLink_byQd menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" role=button aria-expanded=false href=/docs/next/development/><span title=Development class=categoryLinkLabel_W154>Development</span></a></div></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class=docMainContainer_TBSr><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class=row><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class="theme-doc-version-banner alert alert--warning margin-bottom--md" role=alert><div>This is unreleased documentation for <!-- -->Apache Fory™<!-- --> <b>dev</b> version.</div><div class=margin-top--md>For up-to-date documentation, see the <b><a href=/docs/object-serialization/java/troubleshooting>latest version</a></b> (<!-- -->1.6.0<!-- -->).</div></div><div class=docItemContainer_Djhp><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label=Breadcrumbs><ul class=breadcrumbs><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a aria-label="Home page" class=breadcrumbs__link href=/><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill=currentColor /></svg></a><li class=breadcrumbs__item><span class=breadcrumbs__link>Object Serialization</span><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a class=breadcrumbs__link href=/docs/next/object-serialization/java/><span>Java</span></a><li class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class=breadcrumbs__link>Troubleshooting</span></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: dev</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type=button class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Troubleshooting</h1></header><p>This page covers common issues and their solutions.</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=class-inconsistency-and-class-version-check>Class Inconsistency and Class Version Check<a href=#class-inconsistency-and-class-version-check class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Class Inconsistency and Class Version Check" title="Direct link to Class Inconsistency and Class Version Check" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>If you explicitly disabled compatible mode and get a strange serialization error, it may be caused by class inconsistency between the serialization peer and deserialization peer.</p> |
| <p>In such cases, you can invoke <code>ForyBuilder#withClassVersionCheck</code> with <code>withCompatible(false)</code> to validate it. If deserialization throws <code>org.apache.fory.exception.ClassNotCompatibleException</code>, the classes are inconsistent. Remove the <code>withCompatible(false)</code> override unless every reader and writer always uses the same class schema.</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Enable class version check to diagnose issues</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withCompatible</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withClassVersionCheck</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// If ClassNotCompatibleException is thrown, remove withCompatible(false).</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p><strong>Note</strong>: compatible mode is the default for both xlang and native mode. Use <code>withCompatible(false)</code> only if every reader and writer always uses the same class schema and you want faster serialization and smaller size.</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=using-wrong-api-for-deserialization>Using Wrong API for Deserialization<a href=#using-wrong-api-for-deserialization class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Using Wrong API for Deserialization" title="Direct link to Using Wrong API for Deserialization" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>Use <code>serialize</code> with one of the <code>deserialize</code> overloads:</p> |
| <table><thead><tr><th>Serialization API<th>Deserialization API<tbody><tr><td><code>Fory#serialize</code><td><code>Fory#deserialize</code></table> |
| <p><strong>Wrong usage example:</strong></p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Wrong: deserialize with an incompatible target class</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token plain"> bytes </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">struct1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Struct2</span><span class="token plain"> result </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Struct2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// May throw ClassCastException</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p><strong>Correct usage:</strong></p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token plain"> bytes </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">object</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token plain"> result </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">bytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token plain"> typedBytes </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">object</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">MyClass</span><span class="token plain"> typedResult </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">typedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">MyClass</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=deserialize-pojo-into-another-type>Deserialize POJO into Another Type<a href=#deserialize-pojo-into-another-type class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Deserialize POJO into Another Type" title="Direct link to Deserialize POJO into Another Type" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>If you want to serialize one POJO and deserialize it into a different POJO type, use compatible mode:</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">DeserializeIntoType</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Struct1</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>int</span><span class="token plain"> f1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token plain"> f2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Struct1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>int</span><span class="token plain"> f1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token plain"> f2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>this</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">f1 </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>this</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">f2 </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Struct2</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>int</span><span class="token plain"> f1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token plain"> f2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>double</span><span class="token plain"> f3</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">ThreadSafeFory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>buildThreadSafeFory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>void</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>main</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token plain"> args</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Struct1</span><span class="token plain"> struct1 </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Struct1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>10</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"abc"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token plain"> data </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">struct1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Struct2</span><span class="token plain"> struct2 </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Struct2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=cyclic-references-in-set-elements-and-map-keys>Cyclic References in Set Elements and Map Keys<a href=#cyclic-references-in-set-elements-and-map-keys class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Cyclic References in Set Elements and Map Keys" title="Direct link to Cyclic References in Set Elements and Map Keys" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>Fory supports cyclic references in object fields, arrays, lists, and map values. However, an |
| object that participates in a cycle must not be used as a <code>Set</code> element or a <code>Map</code> key. This |
| restriction applies to both hash-based and sorted containers, such as <code>HashSet</code>, <code>TreeSet</code>, |
| <code>HashMap</code>, and <code>TreeMap</code>.</p> |
| <p>While resolving a cycle, Fory may expose an object's identity before all of its fields have been |
| deserialized. A container can therefore call <code>hashCode()</code>, <code>equals()</code>, <code>compareTo()</code>, or a |
| comparator while the object is only partially initialized. If later fields affect those methods, |
| the container's hash buckets or ordering become invalid. The object may still appear during |
| iteration even though <code>contains()</code> or <code>get()</code> cannot find it.</p> |
| <p>When a set view is required, serialize the cyclic references as a list and derive a transient set |
| after deserialization:</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>util</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>util</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">LinkedHashSet</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>util</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">List</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>java</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import namespace" style=opacity:0.7>util</span><span class="token import namespace punctuation" style=opacity:0.7;color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token import class-name">Set</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>final</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Node</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>final</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">List</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generics class-name">Node</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token plain"> parentList </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>private</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>transient</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Set</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generics class-name">Node</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token plain"> parents</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Set</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generics class-name">Node</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>getParents</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">parents </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>==</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>null</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> parents </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">LinkedHashSet</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34><</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style=color:#393A34>></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">parentList</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"> parents</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>For a derived map, serialize an ordered list of key-value entries and build the transient map after |
| deserialization.</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=common-error-messages>Common Error Messages<a href=#common-error-messages class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Common Error Messages" title="Direct link to Common Error Messages" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=class-not-registered>"Class not registered"<a href=#class-not-registered class=hash-link aria-label='Direct link to "Class not registered"' title='Direct link to "Class not registered"' translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p><strong>Cause</strong>: Class registration is required but the class wasn't registered.</p> |
| <p><strong>Solution</strong>: Register the class before serialization:</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>register</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">MyClass</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// or with explicit ID</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>register</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">MyClass</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>100</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=classnotcompatibleexception>"ClassNotCompatibleException"<a href=#classnotcompatibleexception class=hash-link aria-label='Direct link to "ClassNotCompatibleException"' title='Direct link to "ClassNotCompatibleException"' translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p><strong>Cause</strong>: Class schema differs between serialization and deserialization.</p> |
| <p><strong>Solution</strong>: Keep compatible mode enabled:</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=max-depth-exceeded>"Max depth exceeded"<a href=#max-depth-exceeded class=hash-link aria-label='Direct link to "Max depth exceeded"' title='Direct link to "Max depth exceeded"' translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p><strong>Cause</strong>: Object graph is too deep, possibly indicating a circular reference attack.</p> |
| <p><strong>Solution</strong>: Increase max depth if legitimate, or check for malicious data:</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withMaxDepth</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>100</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Increase from default 50</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=serializer-not-found>"Serializer not found"<a href=#serializer-not-found class=hash-link aria-label='Direct link to "Serializer not found"' title='Direct link to "Serializer not found"' translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p><strong>Cause</strong>: No serializer registered for the type.</p> |
| <p><strong>Solution</strong>: Register a custom serializer:</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>registerSerializer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token class-name">MyClass</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>class</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">MyClassSerializer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>getTypeResolver</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=jdk25-access-errors>JDK25+ access errors<a href=#jdk25-access-errors class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to JDK25+ access errors" title="Direct link to JDK25+ access errors" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>On JDK25+, opening <code>java.lang.invoke</code> to Fory core is also recommended. Add the opening if |
| an error names <code>java.base/java.lang.invoke</code>, or when Unsafe access is disabled or unavailable, |
| including with <code>--sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=deny</code>. Use <code>ALL-UNNAMED</code> when Fory is on the |
| classpath:</p> |
| <div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">--add-opens</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain">java.base/java.lang.invoke</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain">ALL-UNNAMED</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>Use the Fory core module name when Fory is on the module path:</p> |
| <div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">--add-opens</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain">java.base/java.lang.invoke</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain">org.apache.fory.core</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>Fory does not require application package opens for private-field access.</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=performance-issues>Performance Issues<a href=#performance-issues class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Performance Issues" title="Direct link to Performance Issues" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=slow-initial-serialization>Slow Initial Serialization<a href=#slow-initial-serialization class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Slow Initial Serialization" title="Direct link to Slow Initial Serialization" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p><strong>Cause</strong>: JIT compilation happening on first serialization.</p> |
| <p><strong>Solution</strong>: Enable async compilation:</p> |
| <div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>builder</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>withAsyncCompilation</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>build</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=high-memory-usage>High Memory Usage<a href=#high-memory-usage class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to High Memory Usage" title="Direct link to High Memory Usage" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p><strong>Cause</strong>: Large object graphs or reference tracking overhead.</p> |
| <p><strong>Solutions</strong>:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">Disable reference tracking if not needed: <code>.withRefTracking(false)</code></li> |
| <li class="">Use custom memory allocator for pooling</li> |
| <li class="">Consider row format for large datasets</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=large-serialized-size>Large Serialized Size<a href=#large-serialized-size class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Large Serialized Size" title="Direct link to Large Serialized Size" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p><strong>Cause</strong>: Metadata overhead or uncompressed data.</p> |
| <p><strong>Solutions</strong>:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">Enable compression: <code>.withIntCompressed(true)</code>, <code>.withLongCompressed(true)</code></li> |
| <li class="">Use compatible mode only when needed</li> |
| <li class="">Register classes to avoid class name serialization</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=debugging-tips>Debugging Tips<a href=#debugging-tips class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Debugging Tips" title="Direct link to Debugging Tips" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <ol> |
| <li class=""><strong>Enable class version check</strong> to diagnose schema issues</li> |
| <li class=""><strong>Check API pairing</strong> - ensure serialize/deserialize APIs match</li> |
| <li class=""><strong>Verify registration order</strong> - must be consistent across peers</li> |
| <li class=""><strong>Enable logging</strong> to see internal operations:</li> |
| </ol> |
| <div class="language-bash codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-bash codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token assign-left variable" style=color:#36acaa>FORY_LOG_LEVEL</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain">INFO mvn </span><span class="token builtin class-name">test</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token parameter variable" style=color:#36acaa>-Dtest</span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain">org.apache.fory.TestClass</span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>#testMethod</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=related-topics>Related Topics<a href=#related-topics class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Related Topics" title="Direct link to Related Topics" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/next/object-serialization/java/configuration>Configuration</a> - All ForyBuilder options</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/next/object-serialization/java/schema-evolution>Schema Evolution</a> - Compatible mode details</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/next/object-serialization/java/type-registration>Type Registration</a> - Registration best practices</li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/next/object-serialization/java/native>Native Serialization</a> - Java-only serialization features</li> |
| </ul></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="row margin-top--sm theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row"><div class="col noPrint_WFHX"><a href=https://github.com/apache/fory-site/tree/main/docs/object-serialization/java/troubleshooting.md target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" class=theme-edit-this-page><svg fill=currentColor height=20 width=20 viewBox="0 0 40 40" class=iconEdit_Z9Sw aria-hidden=true><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"/></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_JAkA"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="docusaurus-mt-lg pagination-nav" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href=/docs/next/object-serialization/java/virtual-threads><div class=pagination-nav__sublabel>Previous</div><div class=pagination-nav__label>Virtual Threads</div></a><a 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class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Common Error Messages</a><ul><li><a href=#class-not-registered class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">"Class not registered"</a><li><a href=#classnotcompatibleexception class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">"ClassNotCompatibleException"</a><li><a href=#max-depth-exceeded class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">"Max depth exceeded"</a><li><a href=#serializer-not-found class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">"Serializer not found"</a><li><a href=#jdk25-access-errors class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">JDK25+ access errors</a></ul><li><a href=#performance-issues class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Performance Issues</a><ul><li><a href=#slow-initial-serialization class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Slow Initial Serialization</a><li><a href=#high-memory-usage class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">High Memory Usage</a><li><a href=#large-serialized-size class="table-of-contents__link 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| <p> |
| Copyright © 2026 The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. <br/> |
| Apache Fory, Fory, Apache, the Apache Logo and the Apache Fory logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of the Apache Software Foundation in the United States and/or other countries. |
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