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menu__caret"></button></div></ul></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class=docMainContainer_TBSr><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class=row><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class=docItemContainer_Djhp><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label=Breadcrumbs><ul class=breadcrumbs><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a aria-label="Home page" class=breadcrumbs__link href=/><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill=currentColor /></svg></a><li class=breadcrumbs__item><span class=breadcrumbs__link>Guide</span><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a class=breadcrumbs__link href=/docs/guide/dart/><span>Dart</span></a><li class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class=breadcrumbs__link>Configuration</span></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 1.3.0</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type=button class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Configuration</h1></header><p>This page explains the <code>Fory</code> constructor options.</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=creating-a-fory-instance>Creating a <code>Fory</code> Instance<a href=#creating-a-fory-instance class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to creating-a-fory-instance" title="Direct link to creating-a-fory-instance" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>Pass options directly to the constructor:</p> |
| <div class="language-dart codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-dart codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string-literal string" style=color:#e3116c>'package:fory/fory.dart'</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// defaults: xlang wire format with compatible schema evolution</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>final</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// customize limits while keeping default compatible mode</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>final</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> maxDepth</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>512</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> maxTypeFields</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>512</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> maxTypeMetaBytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>4096</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> maxSchemaVersionsPerType</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>10</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> maxAverageSchemaVersionsPerType</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>3</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>Create one instance per application and reuse it; there is no benefit to creating a new <code>Fory</code> per request.</p> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=options>Options<a href=#options class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Options" title="Direct link to Options" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=compatible><code>compatible</code><a href=#compatible class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to compatible" title="Direct link to compatible" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>Compatible mode is enabled by default. Keep it enabled when your service needs to handle payloads |
| from different versions of the same model, for example during rolling deployments or client/server |
| version skew.</p> |
| <p>When <code>compatible: true</code>:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">Adding or removing fields on one side does not break the other.</li> |
| <li class="">Peers must still use the same <code>name</code> (or numeric <code>id</code>) to identify types.</li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>When <code>compatible: false</code>:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">Both sides must have exactly the same schema. Use this only when every reader and writer always |
| uses that schema and you want faster serialization and smaller size. For cross-language payloads, set <code>compatible: false</code> only after verifying that every language uses the same schema, or when native types are generated from Fory schema IDL.</li> |
| </ul> |
| <div class="language-dart codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-dart codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>final</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">compatible</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=checkstructversion><code>checkStructVersion</code><a href=#checkstructversion class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to checkstructversion" title="Direct link to checkstructversion" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>Relevant only when <code>compatible: false</code>. When <code>true</code>, Fory validates that the schema version in the payload matches the one the receiver knows about, catching accidental mismatches for intentional same-schema payloads.</p> |
| <div class="language-dart codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-dart codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>final</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> compatible</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>false</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> checkStructVersion</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// default</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <p>This option has no effect when <code>compatible: true</code>.</p> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=maxdepth><code>maxDepth</code><a href=#maxdepth class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to maxdepth" title="Direct link to maxdepth" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>Limits how deeply nested an object graph can be. Increase this if you have legitimately deep trees; lower it to reject unexpectedly deep payloads fast.</p> |
| <div class="language-dart codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-dart codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>final</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">maxDepth</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>128</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=remote-schema-metadata-limits>Remote schema metadata limits<a href=#remote-schema-metadata-limits class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Remote schema metadata limits" title="Direct link to Remote schema metadata limits" translate=no></a></h3> |
| <p>Compatible mode can receive remote metadata for schema evolution. These limits |
| bound metadata size and accepted schema versions:</p> |
| <div class="language-dart codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-dart codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>final</span><span class="token plain"> fory </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> maxTypeFields</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>512</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> maxTypeMetaBytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>4096</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> maxSchemaVersionsPerType</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>10</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> maxAverageSchemaVersionsPerType</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>3</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""><code>maxTypeFields</code> limits fields in one received struct metadata body.</li> |
| <li class=""><code>maxTypeMetaBytes</code> limits encoded body bytes in one received TypeMeta body, excluding the 8-byte |
| header and any extended-size varint.</li> |
| <li class=""><code>maxSchemaVersionsPerType</code> limits accepted remote metadata versions for one logical type.</li> |
| <li class=""><code>maxAverageSchemaVersionsPerType</code> limits the average across accepted remote types. The |
| effective global floor is <code>8192</code> schemas.</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=defaults>Defaults<a href=#defaults class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Defaults" title="Direct link to Defaults" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <table><thead><tr><th>Option<th>Default<tbody><tr><td><code>compatible</code><td><code>true</code><tr><td><code>checkStructVersion</code><td><code>false</code><tr><td><code>maxDepth</code><td>256<tr><td><code>maxTypeFields</code><td>512<tr><td><code>maxTypeMetaBytes</code><td>4096<tr><td><code>maxSchemaVersionsPerType</code><td>10<tr><td><code>maxAverageSchemaVersionsPerType</code><td>3</table> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=xlang-notes>Xlang Notes<a href=#xlang-notes class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Xlang Notes" title="Direct link to Xlang Notes" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>When Fory is used to communicate between services written in different languages:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">Keep compatible mode enabled on all sides if any side needs schema evolution.</li> |
| <li class="">Use the same numeric IDs or <code>name</code> values on every side.</li> |
| <li class="">Match the <code>compatible</code> setting on both the writing and reading side — mismatching modes will fail.</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=security>Security<a href=#security class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Security" title="Direct link to Security" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <p>Security-related configuration:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="">Register only the expected generated models before deserializing untrusted payloads.</li> |
| <li class="">Use <code>checkStructVersion: true</code> with <code>compatible: false</code> for intentional same-schema payloads.</li> |
| <li class="">Set <code>maxDepth</code> to reject unexpectedly deep payload shapes.</li> |
| <li class="">Keep the remote schema metadata limits at their defaults unless the data is not malicious and a |
| trusted peer sends larger metadata or many schema versions.</li> |
| <li class="">Prefer generated schemas and explicit field metadata over broad dynamic fields for untrusted input.</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=related-topics>Related Topics<a href=#related-topics class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Related Topics" title="Direct link to Related Topics" translate=no></a></h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/guide/dart/basic_serialization>Basic Serialization</a></li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/guide/dart/schema_evolution>Schema Evolution</a></li> |
| <li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/guide/dart/xlang_serialization>Xlang Serialization</a></li> |
| </ul></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="row margin-top--sm theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row"><div class="col noPrint_WFHX"><a href=https://github.com/apache/fory-site/tree/main/docs/guide/dart/configuration.md target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" class=theme-edit-this-page><svg fill=currentColor height=20 width=20 viewBox="0 0 40 40" class=iconEdit_Z9Sw aria-hidden=true><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"/></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_JAkA"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="docusaurus-mt-lg pagination-nav" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href=/docs/guide/dart/basic_serialization><div class=pagination-nav__sublabel>Previous</div><div class=pagination-nav__label>Basic Serialization</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link 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