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menu__caret"></button></div><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-2 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class=menu__list-item-collapsible><a class="categoryLink_byQd menu__link menu__link--sublist" tabindex=0 href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/xlang/><span title="Cross Language" class=categoryLinkLabel_W154>Cross Language</span></a><button aria-label="Expand sidebar category 'Cross Language'" aria-expanded=false type=button class="clean-btn menu__caret"></button></div></ul></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class=docMainContainer_TBSr><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class=row><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class="theme-doc-version-banner alert alert--warning margin-bottom--md" role=alert><div>This is documentation for <!-- -->Apache Fory™<!-- --> <b>1.1.0</b>, which is no longer actively maintained.</div><div class=margin-top--md>For up-to-date documentation, see the <b><a href=/docs/guide/go/basic_serialization>latest version</a></b> (<!-- -->1.3.0<!-- -->).</div></div><div class=docItemContainer_Djhp><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label=Breadcrumbs><ul class=breadcrumbs><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a aria-label="Home page" class=breadcrumbs__link href=/><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill=currentColor /></svg></a><li class=breadcrumbs__item><span class=breadcrumbs__link>Guide</span><li class=breadcrumbs__item><a class=breadcrumbs__link href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/go/><span>Go</span></a><li class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class=breadcrumbs__link>Basic Serialization</span></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 1.1.0</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type=button class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Basic Serialization</h1></header><p>This guide covers the core serialization APIs in Fory Go.</p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=creating-a-fory-instance>Creating a Fory Instance<a href=#creating-a-fory-instance class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Creating a Fory Instance" title="Direct link to Creating a Fory Instance" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<p>Create a Fory instance and register your types before serialization:</p>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"github.com/apache/fory/go/fory"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>New</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>WithXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Register struct with a type ID</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">User</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Or register with a name (more flexible, less prone to ID conflicts, but higher serialization cost)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterStructByName</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">User</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"example.User"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Register enum types</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterEnum</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Color</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>0</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>3</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<p><code>fory.New()</code> uses xlang mode with compatible schema evolution. The example sets
<code>fory.WithXlang(true)</code> explicitly so the mode choice is visible. For Go-only
payloads that need native mode, configure <code>fory.WithXlang(false)</code> explicitly in
the native-mode examples.</p>
<p><strong>Important</strong>: The Fory instance should be reused across serialization calls. Creating a new instance involves allocating internal buffers, type caches, and resolvers, which is expensive. The default Fory instance is not thread-safe; for concurrent usage, use the thread-safe wrapper (see <a class="" href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/go/thread_safety>Thread Safety</a>).</p>
<p>See <a class="" href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/go/type_registration>Type Registration</a> for more details.</p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=core-api>Core API<a href=#core-api class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Core API" title="Direct link to Core API" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=serialize-and-deserialize>Serialize and Deserialize<a href=#serialize-and-deserialize class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Serialize and Deserialize" title="Direct link to Serialize and Deserialize" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<p>The primary API for serialization:</p>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Serialize any value</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>!=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Handle error</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Deserialize into target</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result MyType</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>!=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Handle error</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=marshal-and-unmarshal>Marshal and Unmarshal<a href=#marshal-and-unmarshal class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Marshal and Unmarshal" title="Direct link to Marshal and Unmarshal" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<p>Aliases for <code>Serialize</code> and <code>Deserialize</code> (familiar to Go developers):</p>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Marshal</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Unmarshal</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=serializing-primitives>Serializing Primitives<a href=#serializing-primitives class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Serializing Primitives" title="Direct link to Serializing Primitives" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Integers</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>int64</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>42</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> i </span><span class="token builtin">int64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">i</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// i = 42</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Floats</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>float64</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>3.14</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> fl </span><span class="token builtin">float64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">fl</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// fl = 3.14</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Strings</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"hello"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> s </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">s</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// s = "hello"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Booleans</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> b </span><span class="token builtin">bool</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">b</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// b = true</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=serializing-collections>Serializing Collections<a href=#serializing-collections class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Serializing Collections" title="Direct link to Serializing Collections" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=slices>Slices<a href=#slices class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Slices" title="Direct link to Slices" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// String slice</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">strs </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"a"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"b"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"c"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">strs</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// result = ["a", "b", "c"]</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Integer slice</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">nums </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">int64</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>3</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">nums</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> intResult </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">int64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">intResult</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// intResult = [1, 2, 3]</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=maps>Maps<a href=#maps class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Maps" title="Direct link to Maps" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// String to string map</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">m </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>map</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"key"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"value"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">m</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>map</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// result = {"key": "value"}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// String to int map</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">m2 </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>map</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">int64</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"count"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>42</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">m2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result2 </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>map</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">int64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// result2 = {"count": 42}</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=serializing-structs>Serializing Structs<a href=#serializing-structs class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Serializing Structs" title="Direct link to Serializing Structs" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=basic-struct-serialization>Basic Struct Serialization<a href=#basic-struct-serialization class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Basic Struct Serialization" title="Direct link to Basic Struct Serialization" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<p>Only <strong>exported fields</strong> (starting with uppercase) are serialized:</p>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>type</span><span class="token plain"> User </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> ID </span><span class="token builtin">int64</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Serialized</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Name </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Serialized</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> password </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// NOT serialized (unexported)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">User</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">user </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">User</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain">ID</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> Name</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Alice"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> password</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"secret"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">user</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result User</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// result.ID = 1, result.Name = "Alice", result.password = ""</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=nested-structs>Nested Structs<a href=#nested-structs class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Nested Structs" title="Direct link to Nested Structs" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>type</span><span class="token plain"> Address </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> City </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Country </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>type</span><span class="token plain"> Person </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Name </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Address Address</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Address</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Person</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">person </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">Person</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Name</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Alice"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Address</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> Address</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain">City</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"NYC"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> Country</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"USA"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">person</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result Person</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// result.Address.City = "NYC"</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=pointer-fields>Pointer Fields<a href=#pointer-fields class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Pointer Fields" title="Direct link to Pointer Fields" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>type</span><span class="token plain"> Node </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Value </span><span class="token builtin">int32</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Child </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>*</span><span class="token plain">Node</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Use WithTrackRef for pointer fields</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>New</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>WithXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>WithTrackRef</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Node</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">root </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">Node</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Child</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">Node</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain">Value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> Child</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">root</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result Node</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// result.Child.Value = 2</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=streaming-api>Streaming API<a href=#streaming-api class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Streaming API" title="Direct link to Streaming API" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<p>For scenarios where you want to control the buffer:</p>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=serializeto>SerializeTo<a href=#serializeto class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to SerializeTo" title="Direct link to SerializeTo" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<p>Serialize to an existing buffer:</p>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">buf </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>NewByteBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Serialize multiple values to same buffer</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>SerializeTo</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">buf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> value1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>SerializeTo</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">buf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> value2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Get all serialized data</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> buf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>GetByteSlice</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>0</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> buf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>WriterIndex</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=deserializefrom>DeserializeFrom<a href=#deserializefrom class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to DeserializeFrom" title="Direct link to DeserializeFrom" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<p>Deserialize from an existing buffer:</p>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">buf </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>NewByteBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> result2 MyType</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>DeserializeFrom</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">buf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>DeserializeFrom</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">buf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=generic-api-type-safe>Generic API (Type-Safe)<a href=#generic-api-type-safe class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Generic API (Type-Safe)" title="Direct link to Generic API (Type-Safe)" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<p>Fory Go provides generic functions for type-safe serialization:</p>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"github.com/apache/fory/go/fory"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>type</span><span class="token plain"> User </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> ID </span><span class="token builtin">int64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Name </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Type-safe serialization</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">user </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">User</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain">ID</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> Name</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Alice"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> user</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Type-safe deserialization</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result User</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<p>The generic API:</p>
<ul>
<li class="">Infers type at compile time</li>
<li class="">Provides better type safety</li>
<li class="">May offer performance benefits</li>
</ul>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=error-handling>Error Handling<a href=#error-handling class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Error Handling" title="Direct link to Error Handling" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<p>Always check errors from serialization operations:</p>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>!=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>switch</span><span class="token plain"> e </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> err</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>type</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>case</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">Error</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fmt</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Fory error: %s (kind: %d)\n"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> e</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Error</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> e</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Kind</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>default</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fmt</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Unknown error: %v\n"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> err</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>return</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>!=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Handle deserialization error</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<p>Common error kinds:</p>
<ul>
<li class=""><code>ErrKindBufferOutOfBound</code>: Read/write beyond buffer bounds</li>
<li class=""><code>ErrKindTypeMismatch</code>: Type ID mismatch during deserialization</li>
<li class=""><code>ErrKindUnknownType</code>: Unknown type encountered</li>
<li class=""><code>ErrKindMaxDepthExceeded</code>: Recursion depth limit exceeded</li>
<li class=""><code>ErrKindHashMismatch</code>: Struct hash mismatch (schema changed)</li>
</ul>
<p>See <a class="" href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/go/troubleshooting>Troubleshooting</a> for error resolution.</p>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=nil-handling>Nil Handling<a href=#nil-handling class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Nil Handling" title="Direct link to Nil Handling" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=nil-pointers>Nil Pointers<a href=#nil-pointers class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Nil Pointers" title="Direct link to Nil Pointers" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> ptr </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>*</span><span class="token plain">User </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">ptr</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>*</span><span class="token plain">User</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// result = nil</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h3 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=empty-collections>Empty Collections<a href=#empty-collections class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Empty Collections" title="Direct link to Empty Collections" translate=no>​</a></h3>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Nil slice</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> slice </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">slice</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// result = nil</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Empty slice (different from nil)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">empty </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>_</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">empty</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain">f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// result = [] (empty, not nil)</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=complete-example>Complete Example<a href=#complete-example class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Complete Example" title="Direct link to Complete Example" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style=--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa><div class=codeBlockContent_QJqH><pre tabindex=0 class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar" style=color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa><code class=codeBlockLines_e6Vv><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>package</span><span class="token plain"> main</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"fmt"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"github.com/apache/fory/go/fory"</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>type</span><span class="token plain"> Order </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> ID </span><span class="token builtin">int64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Customer </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Items </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token plain">Item</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Total </span><span class="token builtin">float64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>type</span><span class="token plain"> Item </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Name </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Quantity </span><span class="token builtin">int32</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Price </span><span class="token builtin">float64</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>func</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>main</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> f </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>New</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">fory</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>WithXlang</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>true</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>RegisterStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">Item</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> order </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">Order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> ID</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>12345</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Customer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Alice"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Items</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>[</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>]</span><span class="token plain">Item</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain">Name</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Widget"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> Quantity</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>2</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> Price</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>9.99</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain">Name</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Gadget"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> Quantity</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>1</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> Price</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>24.99</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> Total</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style=color:#36acaa>44.97</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Serialize</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">order</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>!=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>panic</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">err</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fmt</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Serialized %d bytes\n"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>len</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style=color:#999988;font-style:italic>// Deserialize</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>var</span><span class="token plain"> result Order</span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style=color:#00009f>if</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>:=</span><span class="token plain"> f</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>&</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>;</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator" style=color:#393A34>!=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean" style=color:#36acaa>nil</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>panic</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">err</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain" style=display:inline-block></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fmt</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Order ID: %d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">ID</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fmt</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Customer: %s\n"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">Customer</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fmt</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Items: %d\n"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>len</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token plain">result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">Items</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"> fmt</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token function" style=color:#d73a49>Printf</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>(</span><span class="token string" style=color:#e3116c>"Total: %.2f\n"</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>,</span><span class="token plain"> result</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>.</span><span class="token plain">Total</span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br/></div><div class=token-line style=color:#393A34><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style=color:#393A34>}</span><br/></div></code></pre></div></div>
<h2 class="anchor anchorTargetStickyNavbar_Vzrq" id=related-topics>Related Topics<a href=#related-topics class=hash-link aria-label="Direct link to Related Topics" title="Direct link to Related Topics" translate=no>​</a></h2>
<ul>
<li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/go/configuration>Configuration</a></li>
<li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/go/type_registration>Type Registration</a></li>
<li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/go/supported_types>Supported Types</a></li>
<li class=""><a class="" href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/go/references>References</a></li>
</ul></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="row margin-top--sm theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row"><div class="col noPrint_WFHX"><a href=https://github.com/apache/fory-site/tree/main/docs/guide/go/basic-serialization.md target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" class=theme-edit-this-page><svg fill=currentColor height=20 width=20 viewBox="0 0 40 40" class=iconEdit_Z9Sw aria-hidden=true><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"/></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_JAkA"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="docusaurus-mt-lg pagination-nav" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href=/docs/1.1.0/guide/go/><div class=pagination-nav__sublabel>Previous</div><div class=pagination-nav__label>Go Serialization Guide</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" 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