| <!-- |
| Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one |
| or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file |
| distributed with this work for additional information |
| regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file |
| to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the |
| "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance |
| with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| |
| http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| |
| Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, |
| software distributed under the License is distributed on an |
| "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY |
| KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the |
| specific language governing permissions and limitations |
| under the License. |
| --> |
| |
| <!--Some of the Latex math notation has been adapted from Apache Spark MLlib's documentation--> |
| $$ |
| \newcommand{\R}{\mathbb{R}} |
| \newcommand{\E}{\mathbb{E}} |
| \newcommand{\x}{\mathbf{x}} |
| \newcommand{\y}{\mathbf{y}} |
| \newcommand{\wv}{\mathbf{w}} |
| \newcommand{\av}{\mathbf{\alpha}} |
| \newcommand{\bv}{\mathbf{b}} |
| \newcommand{\N}{\mathbb{N}} |
| \newcommand{\id}{\mathbf{I}} |
| \newcommand{\ind}{\mathbf{1}} |
| \newcommand{\0}{\mathbf{0}} |
| \newcommand{\unit}{\mathbf{e}} |
| \newcommand{\one}{\mathbf{1}} |
| \newcommand{\zero}{\mathbf{0}} |
| \newcommand\rfrac[2]{^{#1}\!/_{#2}} |
| \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\left\lVert#1\right\rVert} |
| $$ |