flink-libraries/flink-cep/src/test/java/org/apache/flink/cep/nfa/GreedyITCase.java

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.flink.cep.nfa;

import org.apache.flink.cep.Event;
import org.apache.flink.cep.pattern.Pattern;
import org.apache.flink.cep.pattern.conditions.SimpleCondition;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.streamrecord.StreamRecord;
import org.apache.flink.util.TestLogger;

import org.apache.flink.shaded.guava18.com.google.common.collect.Lists;

import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import static org.apache.flink.cep.nfa.NFATestUtilities.compareMaps;
import static org.apache.flink.cep.nfa.NFATestUtilities.feedNFA;
import static org.apache.flink.cep.utils.NFAUtils.compile;

/**
 * IT tests covering {@link Pattern#greedy()}.
 */
public class GreedyITCase extends TestLogger {

	@Test
	public void testGreedyZeroOrMore() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 2.0);
		Event d = new Event(44, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 5));

		// c a* d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().optional().greedy().followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyZeroOrMoreInBetween() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 2.0);
		Event d = new Event(44, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(1, "dummy", 1111), 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(1, "dummy", 1111), 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 5));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(1, "dummy", 1111), 6));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 7));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 8));

		// c a* d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().optional().greedy().followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyZeroOrMoreWithDummyEventsAfterQuantifier() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event d = new Event(44, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(43, "dummy", 2.0), 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 5));

		// c a* d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().optional().greedy().followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyZeroOrMoreWithDummyEventsBeforeQuantifier() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event d = new Event(44, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(43, "dummy", 2.0), 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 5));

		// c a* d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().optional().greedy().followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyUntilZeroOrMoreWithDummyEventsAfterQuantifier() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 3.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 3.0);
		Event d = new Event(45, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(44, "a", 4.0), 5));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 6));

		// c a* d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().optional().greedy().until(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getPrice() > 3.0;
			}
		}).followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyUntilWithDummyEventsBeforeQuantifier() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 3.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 3.0);
		Event d = new Event(45, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(44, "a", 4.0), 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 5));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 6));

		// c a* d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().optional().greedy().until(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getPrice() > 3.0;
			}
		}).followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyOneOrMore() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 2.0);
		Event d = new Event(44, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 5));

		// c a+ d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().greedy().followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyOneOrMoreInBetween() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 2.0);
		Event d = new Event(44, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(1, "dummy", 1111), 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(1, "dummy", 1111), 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 5));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(1, "dummy", 1111), 6));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 7));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 8));

		// c a+ d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().greedy().followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyOneOrMoreWithDummyEventsAfterQuantifier() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event d = new Event(44, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(43, "dummy", 2.0), 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 5));

		// c a+ d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().greedy().followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyOneOrMoreWithDummyEventsBeforeQuantifier() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event d = new Event(44, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(43, "dummy", 2.0), 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 5));

		// c a+ d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().greedy().followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList());
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyUntilOneOrMoreWithDummyEventsAfterQuantifier() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 3.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 3.0);
		Event d = new Event(45, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(44, "a", 4.0), 5));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 6));

		// c a+ d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().greedy().until(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getPrice() > 3.0;
			}
		}).followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3, d)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyUntilOneOrMoreWithDummyEventsBeforeQuantifier() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 3.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 3.0);
		Event d = new Event(45, "d", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(44, "a", 4.0), 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 5));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 6));

		// c a+ d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().greedy().until(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getPrice() > 3.0;
			}
		}).followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList());
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyZeroOrMoreBeforeGroupPattern() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(40, "a", 1.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(40, "a", 1.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(40, "a", 1.0);
		Event d1 = new Event(40, "d", 1.0);
		Event e1 = new Event(40, "e", 1.0);
		Event d2 = new Event(40, "d", 1.0);
		Event e2 = new Event(40, "e", 1.0);
		Event f = new Event(44, "f", 3.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(43, "dummy", 2.0), 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 5));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d1, 6));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(e1, 7));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d2, 8));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(e2, 9));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(f, 10));

		// c a* (d e){2} f
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().optional().greedy().followedBy(Pattern.<Event>begin("middle1").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle2").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("e");
			}
		})).times(2).followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("f");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3, d1, e1, d2, e2, f)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testEndWithZeroOrMoreGreedy() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 2.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(44, "dummy", 2.0), 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 5));

		// c a*
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().optional().greedy();

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c),
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1),
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2),
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testEndWithZeroOrMoreConsecutiveGreedy() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 2.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(44, "dummy", 2.0), 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 5));

		// c a*
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).oneOrMore().optional().consecutive().greedy();

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c),
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1),
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testEndWithGreedyTimesRange() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 2.0);
		Event a4 = new Event(44, "a", 2.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a4, 5));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(new Event(44, "dummy", 2.0), 6));

		// c a{2, 5}
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).times(2, 5).greedy();

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2),
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3),
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3, a4)
		));
	}

	@Test
	public void testGreedyTimesRange() throws Exception {
		List<StreamRecord<Event>> inputEvents = new ArrayList<>();

		Event c = new Event(40, "c", 1.0);
		Event a1 = new Event(41, "a", 2.0);
		Event a2 = new Event(42, "a", 2.0);
		Event a3 = new Event(43, "a", 2.0);
		Event a4 = new Event(44, "a", 2.0);
		Event d = new Event(45, "d", 2.0);

		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(c, 1));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a1, 2));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a2, 3));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a3, 4));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(a4, 5));
		inputEvents.add(new StreamRecord<>(d, 6));

		// c a{2, 5} d
		Pattern<Event, ?> pattern = Pattern.<Event>begin("start").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("c");
			}
		}).followedBy("middle").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("a");
			}
		}).times(2, 5).greedy().followedBy("end").where(new SimpleCondition<Event>() {
			private static final long serialVersionUID = 5726188262756267490L;

			@Override
			public boolean filter(Event value) throws Exception {
				return value.getName().equals("d");
			}
		});

		NFA<Event> nfa = compile(pattern, false);

		final List<List<Event>> resultingPatterns = feedNFA(inputEvents, nfa);

		compareMaps(resultingPatterns, Lists.<List<Event>>newArrayList(
			Lists.newArrayList(c, a1, a2, a3, a4, d)
		));
	}
}