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| 在 core API 和 运行时的组件中，我们不使用 Scala。我们的目标是从这些组件中删除现有的 Scala 使用(代码和依赖项)。 |
| ⇒ 这并不是因为我们不喜欢 Scala，而是考虑到“用正确的工具做正确的事”的结果（见下文）。 |
| 对于 API，我们使用 Java 开发基础内容，并在上层使用 Scala。 |
| 这在传统上为 Java 和 Scala 提供了最佳的互通性 这意味着要致力于保持 Scala API 的更新 为什么我们不在 Core API 和 Runtime 中使用 Scala ？"> |
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| <meta property="og:description" content="Code Style and Quality Guide — Scala # 序言 # Pull Requests & Changes # 常用编码指南 # Java 语言指南 # Scala 语言指南 # 组件指南 # 格式指南 # Scala 语言特性 # 在哪儿使用（和不使用） Scala # 对于 Scala 的 API 或者纯 Scala libraries，我们会选择使用 Scala。 |
| 在 core API 和 运行时的组件中，我们不使用 Scala。我们的目标是从这些组件中删除现有的 Scala 使用(代码和依赖项)。 |
| ⇒ 这并不是因为我们不喜欢 Scala，而是考虑到“用正确的工具做正确的事”的结果（见下文）。 |
| 对于 API，我们使用 Java 开发基础内容，并在上层使用 Scala。 |
| 这在传统上为 Java 和 Scala 提供了最佳的互通性 这意味着要致力于保持 Scala API 的更新 为什么我们不在 Core API 和 Runtime 中使用 Scala ？" /> |
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| <article class="markdown"><h1 id="code-style-and-quality-guide--scala"> |
| Code Style and Quality Guide — Scala |
| <a class="anchor" href="#code-style-and-quality-guide--scala">#</a> |
| </h1> |
| <h4 id="序言hahahugoshortcode68s0hbhb"> |
| <a href="/zh/how-to-contribute/code-style-and-quality-preamble/">序言</a> |
| <a class="anchor" href="#%e5%ba%8f%e8%a8%80hahahugoshortcode68s0hbhb">#</a> |
| </h4> |
| <h4 id="pull-requests--changeshahahugoshortcode68s1hbhb"> |
| <a href="/zh/how-to-contribute/code-style-and-quality-pull-requests/">Pull Requests & Changes</a> |
| <a class="anchor" href="#pull-requests--changeshahahugoshortcode68s1hbhb">#</a> |
| </h4> |
| <h4 id="常用编码指南hahahugoshortcode68s2hbhb"> |
| <a href="/zh/how-to-contribute/code-style-and-quality-common/">常用编码指南</a> |
| <a class="anchor" href="#%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e7%bc%96%e7%a0%81%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97hahahugoshortcode68s2hbhb">#</a> |
| </h4> |
| <h4 id="java-语言指南hahahugoshortcode68s3hbhb"> |
| <a href="/zh/how-to-contribute/code-style-and-quality-java/">Java 语言指南</a> |
| <a class="anchor" href="#java-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97hahahugoshortcode68s3hbhb">#</a> |
| </h4> |
| <h4 id="scala-语言指南hahahugoshortcode68s4hbhb"> |
| <a href="/zh/how-to-contribute/code-style-and-quality-scala/">Scala 语言指南</a> |
| <a class="anchor" href="#scala-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97hahahugoshortcode68s4hbhb">#</a> |
| </h4> |
| <h4 id="组件指南hahahugoshortcode68s5hbhb"> |
| <a href="/zh/how-to-contribute/code-style-and-quality-components/">组件指南</a> |
| <a class="anchor" href="#%e7%bb%84%e4%bb%b6%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97hahahugoshortcode68s5hbhb">#</a> |
| </h4> |
| <h4 id="格式指南hahahugoshortcode68s6hbhb"> |
| <a href="/zh/how-to-contribute/code-style-and-quality-formatting/">格式指南</a> |
| <a class="anchor" href="#%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97hahahugoshortcode68s6hbhb">#</a> |
| </h4> |
| <h2 id="scala-语言特性"> |
| Scala 语言特性 |
| <a class="anchor" href="#scala-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7">#</a> |
| </h2> |
| <h3 id="在哪儿使用和不使用-scala"> |
| 在哪儿使用（和不使用） Scala |
| <a class="anchor" href="#%e5%9c%a8%e5%93%aa%e5%84%bf%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%92%8c%e4%b8%8d%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-scala">#</a> |
| </h3> |
| <p><strong>对于 Scala 的 API 或者纯 Scala libraries，我们会选择使用 Scala。</strong></p> |
| <p><strong>在 core API 和 运行时的组件中，我们不使用 Scala。我们的目标是从这些组件中删除现有的 Scala 使用(代码和依赖项)。</strong></p> |
| <p>⇒ 这并不是因为我们不喜欢 Scala，而是考虑到“用正确的工具做正确的事”的结果（见下文）。</p> |
| <p>对于 API，我们使用 Java 开发基础内容，并在上层使用 Scala。</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>这在传统上为 Java 和 Scala 提供了最佳的互通性</li> |
| <li>这意味着要致力于保持 Scala API 的更新</li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>为什么我们不在 Core API 和 Runtime 中使用 Scala ？</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>过去的经验显示， Scala 在功能上的变化太快了。对于 Flink 社区来说，每次 Scala 版本升级都是一个比较棘手的处理过程。</li> |
| <li>Scala 并不总能很好地与 Java 的类交互，例如 Scala 的可见性范围的工作方式不同，而且常常向 Java 消费者公开的内容比预期的要多。</li> |
| <li>由于使用 Scala ，所以 Flink 的 artifact/dependency 管理增加了一层额外的复杂性。 |
| * 我们希望通过接口抽象，同时也在运行时保留像 Akka 这样依赖 Scala 的库，然后将它们加载到单独的类加载器中，以保护它们并避免版本冲突。</li> |
| <li>Scala 让懂 Scala 的程序员很容易编写代码，而对于不太懂 Scala 的程序员来说，这些代码很难理解。对于一个拥有不同经验水平的广大社区的开源项目来说，这尤其棘手。解决这个问题意味着大量限制 Scala 特性集，这首先就违背了使用 Scala 的很多目的。</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h3 id="api-等价"> |
| API 等价 |
| <a class="anchor" href="#api-%e7%ad%89%e4%bb%b7">#</a> |
| </h3> |
| <p>保持 Java API 和 Scala API 在功能和代码质量方面的同步。</p> |
| <p>Scala API 也应该涵盖 Java API 的所有特性。</p> |
| <p>Scala API 应该有一个“完整性测试”，就如下面 DataStream API 的示例中的一样： <a href="https://github.com/apache/flink/blob/master/flink-streaming-scala/src/test/scala/org/apache/flink/streaming/api/scala/StreamingScalaAPICompletenessTest.scala">https://github.com/apache/flink/blob/master/flink-streaming-scala/src/test/scala/org/apache/flink/streaming/api/scala/StreamingScalaAPICompletenessTest.scala</a></p> |
| <h3 id="语言特性"> |
| 语言特性 |
| <a class="anchor" href="#%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e7%89%b9%e6%80%a7">#</a> |
| </h3> |
| <ul> |
| <li><strong>避免 Scala 隐式转换。</strong> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Scala 的隐式转换应该只用于面向用户的 API 改进，例如 Table API 表达式或类型信息提取。</li> |
| <li>不要把它们用于内部 “magic”。</li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><strong>为类成员添加显式类型。</strong> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>对于类字段和方法返回类型，不要依赖隐式类型推断:</p> |
| <p><strong>不要这样：</strong></p> |
| <pre tabindex="0"><code>var expressions = new java.util.ArrayList[String]() |
| </code></pre><p><strong>要这样：</strong></p> |
| <pre tabindex="0"><code>var expressions: java.util.List[String] = new java.util.ArrayList[]() |
| </code></pre></li> |
| <li> |
| <p>堆栈上局部变量的类型推断是可以的。</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><strong>用严格的可见性。</strong> |
| <ul> |
| <li>避免使用 Scala 的包私有特性(如 private[flink])，而是使用常规 private/protected 替代。</li> |
| <li>请注意：在 Java 中， <code>private[flink]</code> 和 <code>protected</code> 的成员是公开的。</li> |
| <li>请注意：在 Flink 提供的示例中， <code>private[flink]</code> 仍然会暴露所有成员。</li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| <h3 id="编码格式"> |
| 编码格式 |
| <a class="anchor" href="#%e7%bc%96%e7%a0%81%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f">#</a> |
| </h3> |
| <p><strong>使用换行来构造你的代码。</strong></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Scala 的函数性质允许长的转换链 (<code>x.map().map().foreach()</code>).</li> |
| <li>为了强制让实现者构造其代码，因此将行长度限制为 100 个字符以内。</li> |
| <li>为了更好的可维护性，每次转换使用一行。</li> |
| </ul> |
| </article> |
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