zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/index.xml

<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><channel><title>Apache Dubbo – Triple协议</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/</link><description>Recent content in Triple协议 on Apache Dubbo</description><generator>Hugo -- gohugo.io</generator><language>zh-cn</language><atom:link href="https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/index.xml" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><item><title>Overview: 协议概述</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/overview/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/overview/</guid><description>
&lt;h2 id="概述说明">概述说明&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>&lt;code>Triple&lt;/code> 协议的格式和原理请参阅 &lt;a href="https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docs/concepts/rpc-protocol/">RPC 通信协议&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;p>根据 Triple 设计的目标，&lt;code>Triple&lt;/code> 协议有以下优势&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>具备跨语言交互的能力，传统的多语言多 SDK 模式和 Mesh 化跨语言模式都需要一种更通用易扩展的数据传输协议。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>提供更完善的请求模型，除了支持传统的 Request/Response 模型（Unary 单向通信），还支持 Stream（流式通信） 和 Bidirectional（双向通信）。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>易扩展、穿透性高，包括但不限于 Tracing / Monitoring 等支持，也应该能被各层设备识别，网关设施等可以识别数据报文，对 Service Mesh 部署友好，降低用户理解难度。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>完全兼容 grpc，客户端/服务端可以与原生grpc客户端打通。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>可以复用现有 grpc 生态下的组件, 满足云原生场景下的跨语言、跨环境、跨平台的互通需求。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>当前使用其他协议的 Dubbo 用户，框架提供了兼容现有序列化方式的迁移能力，在不影响线上已有业务的前提下，迁移协议的成本几乎为零。&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="grpc">GRPC&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>需要新增对接 grpc 服务的 Dubbo 用户，可以直接使用 Triple 协议来实现打通，不需要单独引入 grpc client 来完成，不仅能保留已有的 Dubbo 易用性，也能降低程序的复杂度和开发运维成本，不需要额外进行适配和开发即可接入现有生态。&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="网关接入">网关接入&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>对于需要网关接入的 Dubbo 用户，Triple 协议提供了更加原生的方式，让网关开发或者使用开源的 grpc 网关组件更加简单。网关可以选择不解析 payload ，在性能上也有很大提高。在使用 Dubbo 协议时，语言相关的序列化方式是网关的一个很大痛点，而传统的 HTTP 转 Dubbo 的方式对于跨语言序列化几乎是无能为力的。同时，由于 Triple 的协议元数据都存储在请求头中，网关可以轻松的实现定制需求，如路由和限流等功能。&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="常见问题">常见问题&lt;/h2>
&lt;h3 id="q1">Q1&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>protobuf 类找不到&lt;/p>
&lt;p>由于 Triple 协议底层需要依赖 protobuf 协议进行传输，即使定义的服务接口不使用 protobuf 也需要在环境中引入 protobuf 的依赖。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>com.google.protobuf&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>protobuf-java&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>3.19.4&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div></description></item><item><title>Overview: IDL 方式使用 Triple</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/idl/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/idl/</guid><description>
&lt;p>这篇教程会通过从零构建一个简单的工程来演示如何基于 IDL 方式使用 Dubbo Triple&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="前置条件">前置条件&lt;/h2>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>&lt;a href="https://jdk.java.net/">JDK&lt;/a> 版本 &amp;gt;= 8&lt;/li>
&lt;li>已安装 &lt;a href="https://maven.apache.org/">Maven&lt;/a>&lt;/li>
&lt;li>已安装并启动 &lt;a href="https://zookeeper.apache.org/">Zookeeper&lt;/a>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h2 id="创建工程">创建工程&lt;/h2>
&lt;h3 id="1-创建一个空的-maven-工程">1. 创建一个空的 maven 工程&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>$ mvn archetype:generate \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DgroupId=org.apache.dubbo \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DartifactId=tri-stub-demo \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DarchetypeVersion=1.4 \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DarchetypeGroupId=org.apache.maven.archetypes \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -Dversion=1.0-SNAPSHOT
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="2-切换到工程目录">2. 切换到工程目录&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> $ cd tri-stub-demo
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="3-添加-dubbo-依赖和插件">3. 添加 Dubbo 依赖和插件&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>在 &lt;code>pom.xml&lt;/code> 中设置 JDK 版本&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;&lt;/span>UTF-8&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;&lt;/span>1.8&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;&lt;/span>1.8&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo.version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>3.1.7&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dubbo.version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>junit&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>junit&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>4.13&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;&lt;/span>test&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>org.apache.dubbo&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>dubbo&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>${dubbo.version}&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>org.apache.dubbo&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper-curator5&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;type&amp;gt;&lt;/span>pom&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/type&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>${dubbo.version}&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>com.google.protobuf&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>protobuf-java&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>3.19.4&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;build&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;extensions&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;extension&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>kr.motd.maven&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>os-maven-plugin&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>1.6.1&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/extension&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/extensions&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>org.xolstice.maven.plugins&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>protobuf-maven-plugin&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>0.6.1&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;protocArtifact&amp;gt;&lt;/span>com.google.protobuf:protoc:3.19.4:exe:${os.detected.classifier}&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/protocArtifact&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;protocPlugins&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;protocPlugin&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;id&amp;gt;&lt;/span>dubbo&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/id&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>org.apache.dubbo&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>dubbo-compiler&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>${dubbo.version}&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;mainClass&amp;gt;&lt;/span>org.apache.dubbo.gen.tri.Dubbo3TripleGenerator&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/mainClass&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/protocPlugin&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/protocPlugins&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;&lt;/span>compile&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/build&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="4-添加接口定义文件">4. 添加接口定义文件&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>&lt;code>src/main/proto/hello.proto&lt;/code>，Dubbo 使用 &lt;a href="https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers">Protobuf&lt;/a> 作为 IDL&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-protobuf" data-lang="protobuf">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> syntax &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;proto3&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">option&lt;/span> java_multiple_files &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#cb4b16">true&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">option&lt;/span> java_package &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.hello&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">option&lt;/span> java_outer_classname &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;HelloWorldProto&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">option&lt;/span> objc_class_prefix &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;HLW&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> helloworld;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">message&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">HelloRequest&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">string&lt;/span> name &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">1&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">message&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">HelloReply&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">string&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">message&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">1&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">service&lt;/span> Greeter{
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">rpc&lt;/span> greet(HelloRequest) &lt;span style="color:#719e07">returns&lt;/span> (HelloReply);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="5-编译-idl">5. 编译 IDL&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> $ mvn clean install
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>编译成功后，可以看到&lt;code>target/generated-sources/protobuf/java&lt;/code> 目录下生成了代码文件&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> $ ls org/apache/dubbo/hello/
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> DubboGreeterTriple.java HelloReply.java HelloRequest.java HelloWorldProto.java
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> Greeter.java HelloReplyOrBuilder.java HelloRequestOrBuilder.java
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="6-添加服务端接口实现">6. 添加服务端接口实现&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>&lt;code>src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/GreeterImpl.java&lt;/code>&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.DubboGreeterTriple;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.HelloReply;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.HelloRequest;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">GreeterImpl&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">extends&lt;/span> DubboGreeterTriple.GreeterImplBase {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> HelloReply &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">greet&lt;/span>(HelloRequest request) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">return&lt;/span> HelloReply.newBuilder()
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .setMessage(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;Hello,&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> request.getName() &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;!&amp;#34;&lt;/span>)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .build();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="7-添加服务端启动类">7. 添加服务端启动类&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>&lt;code>src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/MyDubboServer.java&lt;/code>&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.common.constants.CommonConstants;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ApplicationConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ProtocolConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ServiceConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.bootstrap.DubboBootstrap;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.Greeter;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> java.io.IOException;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">MyDubboServer&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">throws&lt;/span> IOException {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>Greeter&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> service &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setInterface(Greeter.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setRef(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> GreeterImpl());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> DubboBootstrap bootstrap &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> DubboBootstrap.getInstance();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> bootstrap.application(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;tri-stub-server&amp;#34;&lt;/span>))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .registry(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .protocol(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ProtocolConfig(CommonConstants.TRIPLE, 50051))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .service(service)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .start();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;Dubbo triple stub server started&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.in.read();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="8-添加客户端启动类">8. 添加客户端启动类&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>&lt;code>src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/MyDubboClient.java&lt;/code>&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.common.constants.CommonConstants;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ApplicationConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ReferenceConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.bootstrap.DubboBootstrap;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.Greeter;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.HelloReply;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.HelloRequest;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">MyDubboClient&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> DubboBootstrap bootstrap &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> DubboBootstrap.getInstance();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>Greeter&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> ref &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setInterface(Greeter.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setProtocol(CommonConstants.TRIPLE);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setProxy(CommonConstants.NATIVE_STUB);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setTimeout(3000);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> bootstrap.application(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;tri-stub-client&amp;#34;&lt;/span>))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .registry(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .reference(ref)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .start();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> Greeter greeter &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> ref.get();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> HelloRequest request &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> HelloRequest.newBuilder().setName(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;Demo&amp;#34;&lt;/span>).build();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> HelloReply reply &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> greeter.greet(request);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;Received reply:&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> reply);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="9-编译代码">9. 编译代码&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>$ mvn clean install
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="10-启动服务端">10. 启动服务端&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>$ mvn org.codehaus.mojo:exec-maven-plugin:3.0.0:java -Dexec.mainClass=&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.MyDubboServer&amp;#34;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>Dubbo triple stub server started
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="11-打开新的终端启动客户端">11. 打开新的终端，启动客户端&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>$ mvn org.codehaus.mojo:exec-maven-plugin:3.0.0:java -Dexec.mainClass=&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.MyDubboClient&amp;#34;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>Received reply:message: &amp;#34;Hello,Demo!&amp;#34;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div></description></item><item><title>Overview: POJO 方式使用 Triple</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/pojo/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/pojo/</guid><description>
&lt;p>这篇教程会通过从零构建一个简单的工程来演示如何基于 POJO 方式使用 Dubbo Triple, 在应用不改变已有接口定义的同时升级到 Triple 协议。&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="实现原理">实现原理&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>通过上面介绍的升级过程，我们可以很简单的通过修改协议类型来完成升级。框架是怎么帮我们做到这些的呢？&lt;/p>
&lt;p>通过对 &lt;code>Triple&lt;/code> 协议的介绍，我们知道Dubbo3的 &lt;code>Triple&lt;/code> 的数据类型是 &lt;code>protobuf&lt;/code> 对象，那为什么非 &lt;code>protobuf&lt;/code> 的 java 对象也可以被正常传输呢。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>这里 Dubbo3 使用了一个巧妙的设计，首先判断参数类型是否为 &lt;code>protobuf&lt;/code> 对象，如果不是。用一个 &lt;code>protobuf&lt;/code> 对象将 &lt;code>request&lt;/code> 和 &lt;code>response&lt;/code> 进行 wrapper，这样就屏蔽了其他各种序列化带来的复杂度。在 &lt;code>wrapper&lt;/code> 对象内部声明序列化类型，来支持序列化的扩展。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>wrapper 的&lt;code>protobuf&lt;/code>的 IDL如下:&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-proto" data-lang="proto">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>syntax &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;proto3&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> org&lt;span style="color:#719e07">.&lt;/span>apache.dubbo.triple;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">message&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">TripleRequestWrapper&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// hessian4
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// json
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">string&lt;/span> serializeType &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">1&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">repeated&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">bytes&lt;/span> args &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">2&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">repeated&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">string&lt;/span> argTypes &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">3&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">message&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">TripleResponseWrapper&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">string&lt;/span> serializeType &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">1&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">bytes&lt;/span> data &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">2&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">string&lt;/span> type &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">3&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>对于请求，使用&lt;code>TripleRequestWrapper&lt;/code>进行包装，对于响应使用&lt;code>TripleResponseWrapper&lt;/code>进行包装。&lt;/p>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>对于请求参数，可以看到 args 被&lt;code>repeated&lt;/code>修饰，这是因为需要支持 java 方法的多个参数。当然，序列化只能是一种。序列化的实现沿用 Dubbo2 实现的 spi&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;h3 id="前置条件">前置条件&lt;/h3>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>&lt;a href="https://jdk.java.net/">JDK&lt;/a> 版本 &amp;gt;= 8&lt;/li>
&lt;li>已安装 &lt;a href="https://maven.apache.org/">Maven&lt;/a>&lt;/li>
&lt;li>已安装并启动 &lt;a href="https://zookeeper.apache.org/">Zookeeper&lt;/a>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h3 id="创建工程">创建工程&lt;/h3>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>首先创建一个空的 maven 工程&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>$ mvn archetype:generate \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DgroupId=org.apache.dubbo \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DartifactId=tri-pojo-demo \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DarchetypeVersion=1.4 \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -DarchetypeGroupId=org.apache.maven.archetypes \
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> -Dversion=1.0-SNAPSHOT
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="2">
&lt;li>切换到工程目录&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>$ cd tri-pojo-demo
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="3">
&lt;li>在 &lt;code>pom.xml&lt;/code> 中设置 JDK 版本，添加 Dubbo 依赖和插件&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;properties&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;&lt;/span>UTF-8&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/project.build.sourceEncoding&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;&lt;/span>1.8&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.source&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;&lt;/span>1.8&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/maven.compiler.target&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/properties&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependencies&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>junit&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>junit&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>4.13&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;scope&amp;gt;&lt;/span>test&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/scope&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>org.apache.dubbo&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>dubbo&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>3.0.8&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>org.apache.dubbo&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper-curator5&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;type&amp;gt;&lt;/span>pom&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/type&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>3.0.8&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>com.google.protobuf&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>protobuf-java&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>3.19.4&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependency&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dependencies&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="4">
&lt;li>添加接口定义&lt;code>src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/Greeter.java&lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">interface&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">Greeter&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> String &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHello&lt;/span>(String name);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="5">
&lt;li>添加服务端接口实现&lt;code>src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/GreeterImpl.java&lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">GreeterImpl&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">implements&lt;/span> Greeter {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> String &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHello&lt;/span>(String name) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">return&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;Hello,&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> name &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;!&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="6">
&lt;li>添加服务端启动类 &lt;code>src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/MyDubboServer.java&lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.common.constants.CommonConstants;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ApplicationConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ProtocolConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ServiceConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.bootstrap.DubboBootstrap;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> java.io.IOException;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">MyDubboServer&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">throws&lt;/span> IOException {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>Greeter&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> service &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setInterface(Greeter.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setRef(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> GreeterImpl());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> DubboBootstrap bootstrap &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> DubboBootstrap.getInstance();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> bootstrap.application(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;tri-pojo-server&amp;#34;&lt;/span>))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .registry(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .protocol(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ProtocolConfig(CommonConstants.TRIPLE, 50051))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .service(service)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .start();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;Dubbo triple pojo server started&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.in.read();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="7">
&lt;li>添加客户端启动类&lt;code>src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/MyDubboClient.java&lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.common.constants.CommonConstants;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ApplicationConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.ReferenceConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.config.bootstrap.DubboBootstrap;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">MyDubboClient&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> DubboBootstrap bootstrap &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> DubboBootstrap.getInstance();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>Greeter&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> ref &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setInterface(Greeter.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setProtocol(CommonConstants.TRIPLE);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setTimeout(3000);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> bootstrap.application(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;tri-pojo-client&amp;#34;&lt;/span>))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .registry(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>))
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .reference(ref)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .start();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> Greeter greeter &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> ref.get();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> String reply &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> greeter.sayHello(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;pojo&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;Received reply:&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> reply);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="8">
&lt;li>编译代码&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>$ mvn clean install
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="9">
&lt;li>启动服务端&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>$ mvn org.codehaus.mojo:exec-maven-plugin:3.0.0:java -Dexec.mainClass=&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.MyDubboServer&amp;#34;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>
&lt;div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
&lt;h4 class="alert-heading">输出结果&lt;/h4>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>Dubbo triple pojo server started
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>
&lt;/div>
&lt;ol start="10">
&lt;li>打开新的终端，启动客户端&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-fallback" data-lang="fallback">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>$ mvn org.codehaus.mojo:exec-maven-plugin:3.0.0:java -Dexec.mainClass=&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.MyDubboClient&amp;#34;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>
&lt;div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
&lt;h4 class="alert-heading">输出结果&lt;/h4>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>Received reply:message: &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;Hello,Demo!&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>
&lt;/div></description></item><item><title>Overview: 协议使用方式</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/guide/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/guide/</guid><description>
&lt;p>Triple 协议是 Dubbo3 的主力协议，完整兼容 gRPC over HTTP/2，并在协议层面扩展了负载均衡和流量控制相关机制。本文档旨在指导用户正确的使用 Triple 协议。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>在开始前，需要决定服务使用的序列化方式，如果为新服务，推荐使用 protobuf 作为默认序列化，在性能和跨语言上的效果都会更好。如果是原有服务想进行协议升级，Triple 协议也已经支持其他序列化方式，如 Hessian / JSON 等&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="protobuf-方式">Protobuf 方式&lt;/h3>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>编写 IDL 文件&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-protobuf" data-lang="protobuf">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> syntax &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;proto3&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">option&lt;/span> java_multiple_files &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#cb4b16">true&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">option&lt;/span> java_package &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.hello&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">option&lt;/span> java_outer_classname &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;HelloWorldProto&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">option&lt;/span> objc_class_prefix &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;HLW&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">package&lt;/span> helloworld;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// The request message containing the user&amp;#39;s name.
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">message&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">HelloRequest&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">string&lt;/span> name &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">1&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// The response message containing the greetings
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">message&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">HelloReply&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">string&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">message&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">1&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="2">
&lt;li>添加编译 protobuf 的 extension 和 plugin (以 maven 为例)&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;extensions&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;extension&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>kr.motd.maven&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>os-maven-plugin&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>1.6.1&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/extension&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/extensions&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;plugins&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;plugin&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>org.xolstice.maven.plugins&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/groupId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>protobuf-maven-plugin&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/artifactId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>0.6.1&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/version&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;configuration&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;protocArtifact&amp;gt;&lt;/span>com.google.protobuf:protoc:3.7.1:exe:${os.detected.classifier}&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/protocArtifact&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;pluginId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>triple-java&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/pluginId&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;outputDirectory&amp;gt;&lt;/span>build/generated/source/proto/main/java&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/outputDirectory&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/configuration&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;executions&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;execution&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;goals&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;&lt;/span>compile&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;goal&amp;gt;&lt;/span>test-compile&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/goal&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/goals&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/execution&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/executions&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/plugin&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/plugins&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="3">
&lt;li>构建/ 编译生成 protobuf Message 类&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>mvn clean install
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="unary-方式">Unary 方式&lt;/h3>
&lt;ol start="4">
&lt;li>编写 Java 接口&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.HelloReply;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.HelloRequest;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">interface&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">IGreeter&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">/**
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> * &amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> * Sends a greeting
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> * &amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> */&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> HelloReply &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHello&lt;/span>(HelloRequest request);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="5">
&lt;li>创建 Provider&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">throws&lt;/span> InterruptedException {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>IGreeter&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> service &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setInterface(IGreeter.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setRef(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> IGreeter1Impl());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 这里需要显示声明使用的协议为triple &lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setProtocol(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ProtocolConfig(CommonConstants.TRIPLE, 50051));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setApplication(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demo-provider&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setRegistry(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.export();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo service started&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> CountDownLatch(1).await();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="6">
&lt;li>创建 Consumer&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">throws&lt;/span> IOException {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>IGreeter&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> ref &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setInterface(IGreeter.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setCheck(&lt;span style="color:#cb4b16">false&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setProtocol(CommonConstants.TRIPLE);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setLazy(&lt;span style="color:#cb4b16">true&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setTimeout(100000);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setApplication(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demo-consumer&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setRegistry(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">final&lt;/span> IGreeter iGreeter &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> ref.get();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo ref started&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">try&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">final&lt;/span> HelloReply reply &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> iGreeter.sayHello(HelloRequest.newBuilder()
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .setName(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;name&amp;#34;&lt;/span>)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .build());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;Reply:&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> reply);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> } &lt;span style="color:#719e07">catch&lt;/span> (Throwable t) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> t.printStackTrace();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.in.read();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="7">
&lt;li>运行 Provider 和 Consumer ,可以看到请求正常返回&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> Reply:message: &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;name&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="stream-方式">stream 方式&lt;/h3>
&lt;ol start="8">
&lt;li>编写 Java 接口&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.HelloReply;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.hello.HelloRequest;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">interface&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">IGreeter&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">/**
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> * &amp;lt;pre&amp;gt;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> * Sends greeting by stream
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> * &amp;lt;/pre&amp;gt;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> */&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>HelloRequest&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHello&lt;/span>(StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>HelloReply&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> replyObserver);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="9">
&lt;li>编写实现类&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">IStreamGreeterImpl&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">implements&lt;/span> IStreamGreeter {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>HelloRequest&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHello&lt;/span>(StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>HelloReply&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> replyObserver) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">return&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>HelloRequest&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">private&lt;/span> List&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>HelloReply&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> replyList &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ArrayList&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onNext&lt;/span>(HelloRequest helloRequest) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;onNext receive request name:&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> helloRequest.getName());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> replyList.add(HelloReply.newBuilder()
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .setMessage(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;receive name:&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> helloRequest.getName())
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .build());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onError&lt;/span>(Throwable cause) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;onError&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> replyObserver.onError(cause);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onCompleted&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;onComplete receive request size:&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> replyList.size());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">for&lt;/span> (HelloReply reply : replyList) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> replyObserver.onNext(reply);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> replyObserver.onCompleted();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> };
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="10">
&lt;li>创建 Provider&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">StreamProvider&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">throws&lt;/span> InterruptedException {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>IStreamGreeter&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> service &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setInterface(IStreamGreeter.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setRef(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> IStreamGreeterImpl());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setProtocol(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ProtocolConfig(CommonConstants.TRIPLE, 50051));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setApplication(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;stream-provider&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setRegistry(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.export();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo service started&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> CountDownLatch(1).await();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="11">
&lt;li>创建 Consumer&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">StreamConsumer&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">throws&lt;/span> InterruptedException, IOException {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>IStreamGreeter&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> ref &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setInterface(IStreamGreeter.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setCheck(&lt;span style="color:#cb4b16">false&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setProtocol(CommonConstants.TRIPLE);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setLazy(&lt;span style="color:#cb4b16">true&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setTimeout(100000);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setApplication(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;stream-consumer&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ref.setRegistry(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://mse-6e9fda00-p.zk.mse.aliyuncs.com:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">final&lt;/span> IStreamGreeter iStreamGreeter &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> ref.get();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo ref started&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">try&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>HelloRequest&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> streamObserver &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> iStreamGreeter.sayHello(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>HelloReply&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onNext&lt;/span>(HelloReply reply) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;onNext&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(reply.getMessage());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onError&lt;/span>(Throwable throwable) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;onError:&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> throwable.getMessage());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onCompleted&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;onCompleted&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> });
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> streamObserver.onNext(HelloRequest.newBuilder()
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .setName(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;tony&amp;#34;&lt;/span>)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .build());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> streamObserver.onNext(HelloRequest.newBuilder()
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .setName(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;nick&amp;#34;&lt;/span>)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> .build());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> streamObserver.onCompleted();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> } &lt;span style="color:#719e07">catch&lt;/span> (Throwable t) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> t.printStackTrace();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.in.read();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="12">
&lt;li>运行 Provider 和 Consumer ,可以看到请求正常返回了&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> onNext\
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> receive name:tony\
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> onNext\
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> receive name:nick\
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> onCompleted
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="其他序列化方式">其他序列化方式&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>省略上文中的 1-3 步，指定 Provider 和 Consumer 使用的协议即可完成协议升级。&lt;/p>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>本文的示例可以在 &lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/3-extensions/protocol/dubbo-samples-triple">triple-samples&lt;/a> 找到&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote></description></item><item><title>Overview: Dubbo2 协议迁移</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/migration/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/migration/</guid><description>
&lt;h2 id="迁移流程说明">迁移流程说明&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>Dubbo2 的用户使用 dubbo 协议 + 自定义序列化，如 hessian2 完成远程调用。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>而 Grpc 的默认仅支持 Protobuf 序列化，对于 Java 语言中的多参数以及方法重载也无法支持。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>Dubbo3 的之初就有一条目标是完美兼容 Dubbo2，所以为了 Dubbo2 能够平滑升级， Dubbo 框架侧做了很多工作来保证升级的无感，目前默认的序列化和 Dubbo2 保持一致为 &lt;code>hessian2&lt;/code>。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>所以，如果决定要升级到 Dubbo3 的 &lt;code>Triple&lt;/code> 协议，只需要修改配置中的协议名称为 &lt;code>tri&lt;/code> (注意: 不是 triple )即可。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>接下来我们以一个使用 Dubbo2 协议的&lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/3-extensions/protocol/dubbo-samples-triple/src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/sample/tri/migration">工程&lt;/a>来举例，如何一步一步安全的升级。&lt;/p>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>仅使用 &lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code> 协议启动 &lt;code>provider&lt;/code> 和 &lt;code>consumer&lt;/code>，并完成调用。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>仅使用 &lt;code>tri&lt;/code> 协议启动 &lt;code>provider&lt;/code> 和 &lt;code>consumer&lt;/code>，并完成调用。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>使用 &lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code> 协议和 &lt;code>tri&lt;/code> 协议 启动 &lt;code>provider&lt;/code>，以 &lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code> 协议启动 &lt;code>consumer&lt;/code>，并完成调用。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;h3 id="定义服务">定义服务&lt;/h3>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>定义接口&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">interface&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">IWrapperGreeter&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">//... &lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">/**
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> * 这是一个普通接口，没有使用 pb 序列化
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"> */&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> String &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHello&lt;/span>(String request);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ol start="2">
&lt;li>实现类示例&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">IGreeter2Impl&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">implements&lt;/span> IWrapperGreeter {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> String &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHello&lt;/span>(String request) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">return&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;hello,&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> request;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="仅使用-dubbo-协议">仅使用 dubbo 协议&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>为保证兼容性，我们先将部分 provider 升级到 &lt;code>dubbo3&lt;/code> 版本并使用 &lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code> 协议。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>使用 &lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code> 协议启动一个 &lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/3-extensions/protocol/dubbo-samples-triple/src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/sample/tri/migration/ApiMigrationDubboProvider.java">&lt;code>Provider&lt;/code>&lt;/a> 和 &lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/3-extensions/protocol/dubbo-samples-triple/src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/sample/tri/migration/ApiMigrationDubboConsumer.java">&lt;code>Consumer&lt;/code>&lt;/a> 完成调用。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
&lt;h4 class="alert-heading">输出结果&lt;/h4>
&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/v3/migration/tri/dubbo3-tri-migration-dubbo-dubbo-result.png" alt="result">
&lt;/div>
&lt;h3 id="仅使用-triple-协议">仅使用 triple 协议&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>当所有的 consumer 都升级至支持 &lt;code>Triple&lt;/code> 协议的版本后，provider 可切换至仅使用 &lt;code>Triple&lt;/code> 协议启动&lt;/p>
&lt;p>结构如图所示:
&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/v3/migration/tri/migrate-only-tri-strust.png" alt="strust">&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/3-extensions/protocol/dubbo-samples-triple/src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/sample/tri/migration/ApiMigrationTriProvider.java">Provider&lt;/a>
和 &lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/3-extensions/protocol/dubbo-samples-triple/src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/sample/tri/migration/ApiMigrationTriConsumer.java">Consumer&lt;/a> 完成调用。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
&lt;h4 class="alert-heading">输出结果&lt;/h4>
&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/v3/migration/tri/dubbo3-tri-migration-tri-tri-result.png" alt="result">
&lt;/div>
&lt;h3 id="同时使用-dubbo-和-triple-协议">同时使用 dubbo 和 triple 协议&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>对于线上服务的升级，不可能一蹴而就同时完成 provider 和 consumer 升级, 需要按步操作，&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;strong>第一步：保证业务稳定。&lt;/strong>&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;strong>第二步：provider 提供双协议的方式同时支持 dubbo + tri 两种协议的客户端。&lt;/strong>&lt;/p>
&lt;p>结构如图所示:
&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/v3/migration/tri/migrate-dubbo-tri-strust.png" alt="strust">&lt;/p>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>按照推荐升级步骤，provider 已经支持了 tri 协议，所以 dubbo3 的 consumer 可以直接使用 tri 协议&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;p>使用 &lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code> 协议和 &lt;code>triple&lt;/code> 协议启动&lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/3-extensions/protocol/dubbo-samples-triple/src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/sample/tri/migration/ApiMigrationBothProvider.java">&lt;code>Provider&lt;/code>&lt;/a>和&lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/3-extensions/protocol/dubbo-samples-triple/src/main/java/org/apache/dubbo/sample/tri/migration/ApiMigrationBothConsumer.java">&lt;code>Consumer&lt;/code>&lt;/a> 完成调用。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="alert alert-info" role="alert">
&lt;h4 class="alert-heading">输出结果&lt;/h4>
&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/v3/migration/tri/dubbo3-tri-migration-both-dubbo-tri-result.png" alt="result">
&lt;/div></description></item><item><title>Overview: Streaming 通信</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/streaming/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/protocol/triple/streaming/</guid><description>
&lt;h2 id="流实现原理">流实现原理&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>&lt;code>Triple&lt;/code>协议的流模式&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>从协议层来说，&lt;code>Triple&lt;/code> 是建立在 &lt;code>HTTP2&lt;/code> 基础上的，所以直接拥有所有 &lt;code>HTTP2&lt;/code> 的能力，故拥有了分 &lt;code>stream&lt;/code> 和全双工的能力。&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>框架层来说，&lt;code>StreamObserver&lt;/code> 作为流的接口提供给用户，用于入参和出参提供流式处理。框架在收发 stream data 时进行相应的接口调用, 从而保证流的生命周期完整。&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h2 id="流使用方式">流使用方式&lt;/h2>
&lt;h3 id="stream-流">Stream 流&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>Stream 是 Dubbo3 新提供的一种调用类型，在以下场景时建议使用流的方式:&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>接口需要发送大量数据，这些数据无法被放在一个 RPC 的请求或响应中，需要分批发送，但应用层如果按照传统的多次 RPC 方式无法解决顺序和性能的问题，如果需要保证有序，则只能串行发送&lt;/li>
&lt;li>流式场景，数据需要按照发送顺序处理, 数据本身是没有确定边界的&lt;/li>
&lt;li>推送类场景，多个消息在同一个调用的上下文中被发送和处理&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>Stream 分为以下三种:&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>SERVER_STREAM(服务端流)
&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/v3/migration/tri/migrate-server-stream.png" alt="SERVER_STREAM">&lt;/li>
&lt;li>CLIENT_STREAM(客户端流)
&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/v3/migration/tri/migrate-client-stream.png" alt="CLIENT_STREAM">&lt;/li>
&lt;li>BIDIRECTIONAL_STREAM(双向流)
&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/v3/migration/tri/migrate-bi-stream.png" alt="BIDIRECTIONAL_STREAM">&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>由于 &lt;code>java&lt;/code> 语言的限制，BIDIRECTIONAL_STREAM 和 CLIENT_STREAM 的实现是一样的。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>在 Dubbo3 中，流式接口以 &lt;code>SteamObserver&lt;/code> 声明和使用，用户可以通过使用和实现这个接口来发送和处理流的数据、异常和结束。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>对于 Dubbo2 用户来说，可能会对StreamObserver感到陌生，这是Dubbo3定义的一种流类型，Dubbo2 中并不存在 Stream 的类型，所以对于迁移场景没有任何影响。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="alert alert-primary" role="alert">
&lt;h4 class="alert-heading">流的语义保证&lt;/h4>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>提供消息边界，可以方便地对消息单独处理&lt;/li>
&lt;li>严格有序，发送端的顺序和接收端顺序一致&lt;/li>
&lt;li>全双工，发送不需要等待&lt;/li>
&lt;li>支持取消和超时&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;/div>
&lt;h3 id="protobuf-序列化的流">Protobuf 序列化的流&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>对于 &lt;code>Protobuf&lt;/code> 序列化方式，推荐编写 &lt;code>IDL&lt;/code> 使用 &lt;code>compiler&lt;/code> 插件进行编译生成。生成的代码大致如下:&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">interface&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">PbGreeter&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">final&lt;/span> String JAVA_SERVICE_NAME &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.sample.tri.PbGreeter&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">final&lt;/span> String SERVICE_NAME &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.sample.tri.PbGreeter&amp;#34;&lt;/span>;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">final&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">boolean&lt;/span> inited &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> PbGreeterDubbo.init();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">//...&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">greetServerStream&lt;/span>(org.apache.dubbo.sample.tri.GreeterRequest request, org.apache.dubbo.common.stream.StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>org.apache.dubbo.sample.tri.GreeterReply&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> responseObserver);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> org.apache.dubbo.common.stream.StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>org.apache.dubbo.sample.tri.GreeterRequest&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">greetStream&lt;/span>(org.apache.dubbo.common.stream.StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>org.apache.dubbo.sample.tri.GreeterReply&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> responseObserver);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="非-protobuf-序列化的流">非 Protobuf 序列化的流&lt;/h2>
&lt;h3 id="api">api&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">interface&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">IWrapperGreeter&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHelloStream&lt;/span>(StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> response);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHelloServerStream&lt;/span>(String request, StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> response);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>Stream 方法的方法入参和返回值是严格约定的，为防止写错而导致问题，Dubbo3 框架侧做了对参数的检查, 如果出错则会抛出异常。
对于 &lt;code>双向流(BIDIRECTIONAL_STREAM)&lt;/code>, 需要注意参数中的 &lt;code>StreamObserver&lt;/code> 是响应流，返回参数中的 &lt;code>StreamObserver&lt;/code> 为请求流。&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;h3 id="实现类">实现类&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">WrapGreeterImpl&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">implements&lt;/span> WrapGreeter {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">//...&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHelloStream&lt;/span>(StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> response) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">return&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onNext&lt;/span>(String data) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(data);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> response.onNext(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;hello,&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span>data);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onError&lt;/span>(Throwable throwable) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> throwable.printStackTrace();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onCompleted&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;onCompleted&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> response.onCompleted();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> };
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHelloServerStream&lt;/span>(String request, StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> response) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">for&lt;/span> (&lt;span style="color:#dc322f">int&lt;/span> i &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> 0; i &lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span> 10; i&lt;span style="color:#719e07">++&lt;/span>) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> response.onNext(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;hello,&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> request);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> response.onCompleted();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="调用方式">调用方式&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>delegate.sayHelloServerStream(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;server stream&amp;#34;&lt;/span>, &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onNext&lt;/span>(String data) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(data);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onError&lt;/span>(Throwable throwable) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> throwable.printStackTrace();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onCompleted&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;onCompleted&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>});
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> request &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> delegate.sayHelloStream(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> StreamObserver&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onNext&lt;/span>(String data) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(data);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onError&lt;/span>(Throwable throwable) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> throwable.printStackTrace();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">onCompleted&lt;/span>() {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;onCompleted&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>});
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">for&lt;/span> (&lt;span style="color:#dc322f">int&lt;/span> i &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> 0; i &lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span> n; i&lt;span style="color:#719e07">++&lt;/span>) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> request.onNext(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;stream request&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> i);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>request.onCompleted();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div></description></item></channel></rss>