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<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"><channel><title>Apache Dubbo – 配置手册</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/</link><description>Recent content in 配置手册 on Apache Dubbo</description><generator>Hugo -- gohugo.io</generator><language>zh-cn</language><atom:link href="https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/index.xml" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><item><title>Docsv2.7: XML 配置</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/xml/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/xml/</guid><description>
&lt;p>有关 XML 的详细配置项，请参见：&lt;a href="../../references/xml">配置参考手册&lt;/a>。如果不想使用 Spring 配置，而希望通过 API 的方式进行调用，请参见：&lt;a href="../api">API配置&lt;/a>。想知道如何使用配置，请参见：&lt;a href="../../quick-start">快速启动&lt;/a>。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>请在此查看文档描述的&lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/1-basic/dubbo-samples-spring-xml">完整示例&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="providerxml-示例">provider.xml 示例&lt;/h2>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;beans&lt;/span> xmlns:xsi=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xmlns:dubbo=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xmlns=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xsi:schemaLocation=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198"> http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:application&lt;/span> name=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demo-provider&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:registry&lt;/span> address=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:protocol&lt;/span> name=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo&amp;#34;&lt;/span> port=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;20890&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;bean&lt;/span> id=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demoService&amp;#34;&lt;/span> class=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.samples.basic.impl.DemoServiceImpl&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:service&lt;/span> interface=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.samples.basic.api.DemoService&amp;#34;&lt;/span> ref=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demoService&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/beans&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="consumerxml示例">consumer.xml示例&lt;/h2>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;beans&lt;/span> xmlns:xsi=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xmlns:dubbo=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xmlns=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xsi:schemaLocation=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198"> http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:application&lt;/span> name=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demo-consumer&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:registry&lt;/span> group=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;aaa&amp;#34;&lt;/span> address=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:reference&lt;/span> id=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demoService&amp;#34;&lt;/span> check=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;false&amp;#34;&lt;/span> interface=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.samples.basic.api.DemoService&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/beans&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>所有标签都支持自定义参数，用于不同扩展点实现的特殊配置，如：&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:protocol&lt;/span> name=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;jms&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:parameter&lt;/span> key=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;queue&amp;#34;&lt;/span> value=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;your_queue&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/dubbo:protocol&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>或： &lt;sup id="fnref:1">&lt;a href="#fn:1" class="footnote-ref" role="doc-noteref">1&lt;/a>&lt;/sup>&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;beans&lt;/span> xmlns=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xmlns:xsi=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xmlns:dubbo=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xmlns:p=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/p&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> xsi:schemaLocation=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:protocol&lt;/span> name=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;jms&amp;#34;&lt;/span> p:queue=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;your_queue&amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;/beans&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="配置之间的关系">配置之间的关系&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/user/dubbo-config.jpg" alt="dubbo-config">&lt;/p>
&lt;table>
&lt;thead>
&lt;tr>
&lt;th>标签&lt;/th>
&lt;th>用途&lt;/th>
&lt;th>解释&lt;/th>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;/thead>
&lt;tbody>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:service/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>服务配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>用于暴露一个服务，定义服务的元信息，一个服务可以用多个协议暴露，一个服务也可以注册到多个注册中心&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:reference/&amp;gt;&lt;/code> &lt;sup id="fnref:2">&lt;a href="#fn:2" class="footnote-ref" role="doc-noteref">2&lt;/a>&lt;/sup>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>引用配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>用于创建一个远程服务代理，一个引用可以指向多个注册中心&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:protocol/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>协议配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>用于配置提供服务的协议信息，协议由提供方指定，消费方被动接受&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:application/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>应用配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>用于配置当前应用信息，不管该应用是提供者还是消费者&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:module/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>模块配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>用于配置当前模块信息，可选&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:registry/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>注册中心配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>用于配置连接注册中心相关信息&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:monitor/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>监控中心配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>用于配置连接监控中心相关信息，可选&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:provider/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>提供方配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>当 ProtocolConfig 和 ServiceConfig 某属性没有配置时，采用此缺省值，可选&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:consumer/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>消费方配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>当 ReferenceConfig 某属性没有配置时，采用此缺省值，可选&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:method/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>方法配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>用于 ServiceConfig 和 ReferenceConfig 指定方法级的配置信息&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;tr>
&lt;td>&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:argument/&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/td>
&lt;td>参数配置&lt;/td>
&lt;td>用于指定方法参数配置&lt;/td>
&lt;/tr>
&lt;/tbody>
&lt;/table>
&lt;h2 id="不同粒度配置的覆盖关系">不同粒度配置的覆盖关系&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>以 timeout 为例，下图显示了配置的查找顺序，其它 retries, loadbalance, actives 等类似：&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>方法级优先，接口级次之，全局配置再次之。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>如果级别一样，则消费方优先，提供方次之。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>其中，服务提供方配置，通过 URL 经由注册中心传递给消费方。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/user/dubbo-config-override.jpg" alt="dubbo-config-override">&lt;/p>
&lt;p>（建议由服务提供方设置超时，因为一个方法需要执行多长时间，服务提供方更清楚，如果一个消费方同时引用多个服务，就不需要关心每个服务的超时设置）。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>理论上 ReferenceConfig 中除了&lt;code>interface&lt;/code>这一项，其他所有配置项都可以缺省不配置，框架会自动使用ConsumerConfig，ServiceConfig, ProviderConfig等提供的缺省配置。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
&lt;hr>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li id="fn:1">
&lt;p>&lt;code>2.1.0&lt;/code> 开始支持，注意声明：&lt;code>xmlns:p=&amp;quot;http://www.springframework.org/schema/p&amp;quot;&lt;/code>&amp;#160;&lt;a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-backref" role="doc-backlink">&amp;#x21a9;&amp;#xfe0e;&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li id="fn:2">
&lt;p>引用缺省是延迟初始化的，只有引用被注入到其它 Bean，或被 &lt;code>getBean()&lt;/code> 获取，才会初始化。如果需要饥饿加载，即没有人引用也立即生成动态代理，可以配置：&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:reference ... init=&amp;quot;true&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&amp;#160;&lt;a href="#fnref:2" class="footnote-backref" role="doc-backlink">&amp;#x21a9;&amp;#xfe0e;&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;/div></description></item><item><title>Docsv2.7: 动态配置中心</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/config-center/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/config-center/</guid><description>
&lt;p>配置中心（v2.7.0）在 Dubbo 中承担两个职责：&lt;/p>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>外部化配置。启动配置的集中式存储 （简单理解为 dubbo.properties 的外部化存储）。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>服务治理。服务治理规则的存储与通知。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;p>启用动态配置，以 Zookeeper 为例，可查看 &lt;a href="../../references/xml/dubbo-config-center">动态配置配置项详解&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:config-center&lt;/span> address=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>或者&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.config-center.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>或者&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>ConfigCenterConfig configCenter &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ConfigCenterConfig();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>configCenter.setAddress(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>为了兼容 2.6.x 版本配置，在使用 Zookeeper 作为注册中心，且没有显示配置配置中心的情况下，Dubbo 框架会默认将此 Zookeeper 用作配置中心，但将只作服务治理用途。&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;h2 id="外部化配置">外部化配置&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>外部化配置目的之一是实现配置的集中式管理，这部分业界已经有很多成熟的专业配置系统如 Apollo, Nacos 等，Dubbo 所做的主要是保证能配合这些系统正常工作。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>外部化配置和其他本地配置在内容和格式上并无区别，可以简单理解为 &lt;code>dubbo.properties&lt;/code> 的外部化存储，配置中心更适合将一些公共配置如注册中心、元数据中心配置等抽取以便做集中管理。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># 将注册中心地址、元数据中心地址等配置集中管理，可以做到统一环境、减少开发侧感知。&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.registry.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.registry.simplified&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">true&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.metadata-report.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.protocol.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">dubbo&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.protocol.port&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">20880&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.application.qos.port&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">33333&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;ul>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>优先级&lt;/p>
&lt;p>外部化配置默认较本地配置有更高的优先级，因此这里配置的内容会覆盖本地配置值，关于 &lt;a href="../configuration-load-process">各配置形式间的覆盖关系&lt;/a> 有单独一章说明，你也可通过以下选项调整配置中心的优先级：&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>-Ddubbo.config-center.highest-priority&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">false&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>作用域&lt;/p>
&lt;p>外部化配置有全局和应用两个级别，全局配置是所有应用共享的，应用级配置是由每个应用自己维护且只对自身可见的。当前已支持的扩展实现有Zookeeper、Apollo。&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h4 id="zookeeper">Zookeeper&lt;/h4>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:config-center&lt;/span> address=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>默认所有的配置都存储在 &lt;code>/dubbo/config&lt;/code> 节点，具体节点结构图如下：&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/user/zk-configcenter.jpg" alt="zk-configcenter.jpg">&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>namespace，用于不同配置的环境隔离。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>config，Dubbo约定的固定节点，不可更改，所有配置和服务治理规则都存储在此节点下。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>dubbo/application，分别用来隔离全局配置、应用级别配置：dubbo是默认group值，application对应应用名&lt;/li>
&lt;li>dubbo.properties，此节点的node value存储具体配置内容&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h4 id="apollo">Apollo&lt;/h4>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:config-center&lt;/span> protocol=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;apollo&amp;#34;&lt;/span> address=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>Apollo中的一个核心概念是命名空间 - namespace（和上面zookeeper的namespace概念不同），在这里全局和应用级别配置就是通过命名空间来区分的。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>默认情况下，Dubbo会从名叫&lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code>（由于 Apollo 不支持特殊后缀 &lt;code>.properties&lt;/code> ）的命名空间中读取全局配置（&lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:config-center namespace=&amp;quot;your namespace&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;/code>）&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/user/apollo-configcenter-dubbo.png" alt="apollo-configcenter-dubbo.png">&lt;/p>
&lt;p>由于 Apollo 也默认将会在 &lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code> namespace 中存储服务治理规则（如路由规则），建议通过单独配置 &lt;code>group&lt;/code> 将服务治理和配置文件托管分离开，以 XML 配置方式为例：&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo&lt;/span> namespace=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;governance&amp;#34;&lt;/span> group =&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>这里，服务治理规则将存储在 governance namespace，而配置文件将存储在 dubbo namespace，如下图所示：
&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/user/apollo-configcenter-governance-dubbo.png" alt="apollo-configcenter-governance-dubbo.png">&lt;/p>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>关于文件配置托管，相当于是把 &lt;code>dubbo.properties&lt;/code> 配置文件的内容存储在了 Apollo 中，应用通过关联共享的 &lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code> namespace 继承公共配置,
应用也可以按照 Apollo 的做法来覆盖个别配置项。&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;h4 id="自己加载外部化配置">自己加载外部化配置&lt;/h4>
&lt;p>所谓 Dubbo 对配置中心的支持，本质上就是把 &lt;code>.properties&lt;/code> 从远程拉取到本地，然后和本地的配置做一次融合。理论上只要 Dubbo 框架能拿到需要的配置就可以正常的启动，它并不关心这些配置是自己加载到的还是应用直接塞给它的，所以Dubbo还提供了以下API，让用户将自己组织好的配置塞给 Dubbo 框架（配置加载的过程是用户要完成的），这样 Dubbo 框架就不再直接和 Apollo 或 Zookeeper 做读取配置交互。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 应用自行加载配置&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>Map&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>String, String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> dubboConfigurations &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> HashMap&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubboConfigurations.put(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo.registry.address&amp;#34;&lt;/span>, &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubboConfigurations.put(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo.registry.simplified&amp;#34;&lt;/span>, &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;true&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">//将组织好的配置塞给Dubbo框架&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>ConfigCenterConfig configCenter &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ConfigCenterConfig();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>configCenter.setExternalConfig(dubboConfigurations);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="服务治理">服务治理&lt;/h2>
&lt;h4 id="zookeeper-1">Zookeeper&lt;/h4>
&lt;p>默认节点结构：&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/user/zk-configcenter-governance.jpg" alt="zk-configcenter-governance">&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>namespace，用于不同配置的环境隔离。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>config，Dubbo 约定的固定节点，不可更改，所有配置和服务治理规则都存储在此节点下。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>dubbo，所有服务治理规则都是全局性的，dubbo 为默认节点&lt;/li>
&lt;li>configurators/tag-router/condition-router，不同的服务治理规则类型，node value 存储具体规则内容&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h4 id="apollo-1">Apollo&lt;/h4>
&lt;p>所有的服务治理规则都是全局性的，默认从公共命名空间 &lt;code>dubbo&lt;/code> 读取和订阅：&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/user/apollo-configcenter-governance.jpg" alt="apollo-configcenter-governance.jpg">&lt;/p>
&lt;p>不同的规则以不同的 key 后缀区分：&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>configurators，&lt;a href="../../examples/config-rule">覆盖规则&lt;/a>&lt;/li>
&lt;li>tag-router，&lt;a href="../../examples/routing-rule">标签路由&lt;/a>&lt;/li>
&lt;li>condition-router，&lt;a href="../../examples/routing-rule">条件路由&lt;/a>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul></description></item><item><title>Docsv2.7: 属性配置</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/properties/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/properties/</guid><description>
&lt;p>如果你的应用足够简单，例如，不需要多注册中心或多协议，并且需要在spring容器中共享配置，那么，我们可以直接使用 &lt;code>dubbo.properties&lt;/code> 作为默认配置。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>Dubbo 可以自动加载 classpath 根目录下的 dubbo.properties，但是你同样可以使用 JVM 参数来指定路径：&lt;code>-Ddubbo.properties.file=xxx.properties&lt;/code>。&lt;/p>
&lt;h1 id="映射规则">映射规则&lt;/h1>
&lt;p>可以将 xml 的 tag 名和属性名组合起来，用 ‘.’ 分隔。每行一个属性。&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>&lt;code>dubbo.application.name=foo&lt;/code> 相当于 &lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:application name=&amp;quot;foo&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;li>&lt;code>dubbo.registry.address=10.20.153.10:9090&lt;/code> 相当于 &lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:registry address=&amp;quot;10.20.153.10:9090&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; &lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>如果在 xml 配置中有超过一个的 tag，那么你可以使用 ‘id’ 进行区分。如果你不指定 id，它将作用于所有 tag。&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>&lt;code>dubbo.protocol.rmi.port=1099&lt;/code> 相当于 &lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:protocol id=&amp;quot;rmi&amp;quot; name=&amp;quot;rmi&amp;quot; port=&amp;quot;1099&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; &lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;li>&lt;code>dubbo.registry.china.address=10.20.153.10:9090&lt;/code> 相当于 &lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:registry id=&amp;quot;china&amp;quot; address=&amp;quot;10.20.153.10:9090&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&lt;/code>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;p>如下，是一个典型的 dubbo.properties 配置样例。&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.application.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">foo&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.application.owner&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">bar&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.registry.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">10.20.153.10:9090&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="重写与优先级">重写与优先级&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/user/dubbo-properties-override.jpg" alt="properties-override">&lt;/p>
&lt;p>优先级从高到低：&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>JVM -D 参数：当你部署或者启动应用时，它可以轻易地重写配置，比如，改变 dubbo 协议端口；&lt;/li>
&lt;li>XML：XML 中的当前配置会重写 dubbo.properties 中的；&lt;/li>
&lt;li>Properties：默认配置，仅仅作用于以上两者没有配置时。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>如果在 classpath 下有超过一个 dubbo.properties 文件，比如，两个 jar 包都各自包含了 dubbo.properties，dubbo 将随机选择一个加载，并且打印错误日志。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>如果 &lt;code>id&lt;/code> 没有在 &lt;code>protocol&lt;/code> 中配置，将使用 &lt;code>name&lt;/code> 作为默认属性。&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol></description></item><item><title>Docsv2.7: 自动加载环境变量</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/environment-variables/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/environment-variables/</guid><description>
&lt;p>从 2.7.3 版本开始，Dubbo 会自动从约定 key 中读取配置，并将配置以 Key-Value 的形式写入到URL中。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>支持的 key 有以下两个：&lt;/p>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>&lt;code>dubbo.labels&lt;/code>，指定一些列配置到 URL 中的键值对，通常通过 JVM -D 或系统环境变量指定。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>增加以下配置：&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># JVM&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>-Ddubbo.labels &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;tag1=value1; tag2=value2&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># 环境变量&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>DUBBO_LABELS &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;tag1=value1; tag2=value2&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>最终生成的 URL 会包含 tag1、tag2 两个 key: &lt;code>dubbo://xxx?tag1=value1&amp;amp;tag2=value2&lt;/code>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;li>
&lt;p>&lt;code>dubbo.env.keys&lt;/code>，指定环境变量 key 值，Dubbo 会尝试从环境变量加载每个 key&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># JVM&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>-Ddubbo.env.keys &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;DUBBO_TAG1, DUBBO_TAG2&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># 环境变量&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>DUBBO_ENV_KEYS &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;DUBBO_TAG1, DUBBO_TAG2&amp;#34;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>最终生成的 URL 会包含 DUBBO_TAG1、DUBBO_TAG2 两个 key: &lt;code>dubbo://xxx?DUBBO_TAG1=value1&amp;amp;DUBBO_TAG2=value2&lt;/code>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol></description></item><item><title>Docsv2.7: API 配置</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/api/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/api/</guid><description>
&lt;p>API 属性与配置项一对一，各属性含义，请参见：&lt;a href="../../references/xml/">配置参考手册&lt;/a>，比如：&lt;code>ApplicationConfig.setName(&amp;quot;xxx&amp;quot;)&lt;/code> 对应 &lt;code>&amp;lt;dubbo:application name=&amp;quot;xxx&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&lt;/code> &lt;sup id="fnref:1">&lt;a href="#fn:1" class="footnote-ref" role="doc-noteref">1&lt;/a>&lt;/sup>&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="服务提供者">服务提供者&lt;/h2>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.rpc.config.ApplicationConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.rpc.config.RegistryConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.rpc.config.ProviderConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.rpc.config.ServiceConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> com.xxx.XxxService;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> com.xxx.XxxServiceImpl;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 服务实现&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>XxxService xxxService &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> XxxServiceImpl();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 当前应用配置&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>ApplicationConfig application &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>application.setName(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;xxx&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 连接注册中心配置&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>RegistryConfig registry &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>registry.setAddress(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;10.20.130.230:9090&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>registry.setUsername(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;aaa&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>registry.setPassword(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;bbb&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 服务提供者协议配置&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>ProtocolConfig protocol &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ProtocolConfig();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>protocol.setName(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>protocol.setPort(12345);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>protocol.setThreads(200);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 注意：ServiceConfig为重对象，内部封装了与注册中心的连接，以及开启服务端口&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 服务提供者暴露服务配置&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>XxxService&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> service &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>XxxService&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>(); &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 此实例很重，封装了与注册中心的连接，请自行缓存，否则可能造成内存和连接泄漏&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>service.setApplication(application);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>service.setRegistry(registry); &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 多个注册中心可以用setRegistries()&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>service.setProtocol(protocol); &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 多个协议可以用setProtocols()&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>service.setInterface(XxxService.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>service.setRef(xxxService);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>service.setVersion(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;1.0.0&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 暴露及注册服务&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>service.export();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="服务消费者">服务消费者&lt;/h2>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.rpc.config.ApplicationConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.rpc.config.RegistryConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.rpc.config.ConsumerConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> org.apache.dubbo.rpc.config.ReferenceConfig;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#719e07">import&lt;/span> com.xxx.XxxService;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 当前应用配置&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>ApplicationConfig application &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>application.setName(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;yyy&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 连接注册中心配置&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>RegistryConfig registry &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>registry.setAddress(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;10.20.130.230:9090&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>registry.setUsername(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;aaa&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>registry.setPassword(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;bbb&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 注意：ReferenceConfig为重对象，内部封装了与注册中心的连接，以及与服务提供方的连接&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 引用远程服务&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>XxxService&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> reference &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>XxxService&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>(); &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 此实例很重，封装了与注册中心的连接以及与提供者的连接，请自行缓存，否则可能造成内存和连接泄漏&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>reference.setApplication(application);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>reference.setRegistry(registry); &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 多个注册中心可以用setRegistries()&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>reference.setInterface(XxxService.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>reference.setVersion(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;1.0.0&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 和本地bean一样使用xxxService&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>XxxService xxxService &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> reference.get(); &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 注意：此代理对象内部封装了所有通讯细节，对象较重，请缓存复用&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="特殊场景">特殊场景&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>下面只列出不同的地方，其它参见上面的写法&lt;/p>
&lt;h3 id="方法级设置">方法级设置&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>...
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 方法级配置&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>List&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>MethodConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> methods &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ArrayList&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>MethodConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>MethodConfig method &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> MethodConfig();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>method.setName(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;createXxx&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>method.setTimeout(10000);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>method.setRetries(0);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>methods.add(method);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 引用远程服务&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>XxxService&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> reference &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>XxxService&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>(); &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 此实例很重，封装了与注册中心的连接以及与提供者的连接，请自行缓存，否则可能造成内存和连接泄漏&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>...
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>reference.setMethods(methods); &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 设置方法级配置&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>...
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="点对点直连">点对点直连&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>...
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>XxxService&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> reference &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ReferenceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>XxxService&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span>(); &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 此实例很重，封装了与注册中心的连接以及与提供者的连接，请自行缓存，否则可能造成内存和连接泄漏&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 如果点对点直连，可以用reference.setUrl()指定目标地址，设置url后将绕过注册中心，&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 其中，协议对应provider.setProtocol()的值，端口对应provider.setPort()的值，&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75">// 路径对应service.setPath()的值，如果未设置path，缺省path为接口名&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>reference.setUrl(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo://10.20.130.230:20880/com.xxx.XxxService&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>...
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;div class="footnotes" role="doc-endnotes">
&lt;hr>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li id="fn:1">
&lt;p>API使用范围说明：API 仅用于 OpenAPI, ESB, Test, Mock 等系统集成，普通服务提供方或消费方，请采用&lt;a href="../xml">XML 配置&lt;/a>方式使用 Dubbo&amp;#160;&lt;a href="#fnref:1" class="footnote-backref" role="doc-backlink">&amp;#x21a9;&amp;#xfe0e;&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;/div></description></item><item><title>Docsv2.7: 注解配置</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/annotation/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/annotation/</guid><description>
&lt;div class="alert alert-primary" role="alert">
&lt;h4 class="alert-heading">提示&lt;/h4>
需要 &lt;code>2.6.3&lt;/code> 及以上版本支持。 点此查看 &lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/1-basic/dubbo-samples-annotation">完整示例&lt;/a>
&lt;/div>
&lt;h2 id="服务提供方">服务提供方&lt;/h2>
&lt;h3 id="service注解暴露服务">&lt;code>Service&lt;/code>注解暴露服务&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Service&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">AnnotationServiceImpl&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">implements&lt;/span> AnnotationService {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> String &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHello&lt;/span>(String name) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">return&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;annotation: hello, &amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> name;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="增加应用共享配置">增加应用共享配置&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># dubbo-provider.properties&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.application.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">annotation-provider&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.registry.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.protocol.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">dubbo&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.protocol.port&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">20880&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="指定spring扫描路径">指定Spring扫描路径&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Configuration&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@EnableDubbo&lt;/span>(scanBasePackages &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.samples.simple.annotation.impl&amp;#34;&lt;/span>)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@PropertySource&lt;/span>(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;classpath:/spring/dubbo-provider.properties&amp;#34;&lt;/span>)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">ProviderConfiguration&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="服务消费方">服务消费方&lt;/h2>
&lt;h3 id="reference注解引用服务">&lt;code>Reference&lt;/code>注解引用服务&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Component&lt;/span>(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;annotationAction&amp;#34;&lt;/span>)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">AnnotationAction&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Reference&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">private&lt;/span> AnnotationService annotationService;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> String &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">doSayHello&lt;/span>(String name) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">return&lt;/span> annotationService.sayHello(name);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="增加应用共享配置-1">增加应用共享配置&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># dubbo-consumer.properties&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.application.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">annotation-consumer&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.registry.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.consumer.timeout&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">3000&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="指定spring扫描路径-1">指定Spring扫描路径&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Configuration&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@EnableDubbo&lt;/span>(scanBasePackages &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.samples.simple.annotation.action&amp;#34;&lt;/span>)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@PropertySource&lt;/span>(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;classpath:/spring/dubbo-consumer.properties&amp;#34;&lt;/span>)
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@ComponentScan&lt;/span>(value &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> {&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.samples.simple.annotation.action&amp;#34;&lt;/span>})
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">ConsumerConfiguration&lt;/span> {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h3 id="调用服务">调用服务&lt;/h3>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">throws&lt;/span> Exception {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ConsumerConfiguration.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> context.start();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">final&lt;/span> AnnotationAction annotationAction &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> (AnnotationAction) context.getBean(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;annotationAction&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> String hello &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> annotationAction.doSayHello(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;world&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div></description></item><item><title>Docsv2.7: 配置加载流程</title><link>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/configuration-load-process/</link><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/configuration/configuration-load-process/</guid><description>
&lt;p>此篇文档主要讲在&lt;strong>应用启动阶段，Dubbo框架如何将所需要的配置采集起来&lt;/strong>（包括应用配置、注册中心配置、服务配置等），以完成服务的暴露和引用流程。&lt;/p>
&lt;p>根据驱动方式的不同（比如Spring或裸API编程）配置形式上肯定会有所差异，具体请参考&lt;a href="../xml">XML配置&lt;/a>、&lt;a href="../annotation">Annotation配置&lt;/a>、&lt;a href="../api">API配置&lt;/a>三篇文档。除了外围驱动方式上的差异，Dubbo的配置读取总体上遵循了以下几个原则：&lt;/p>
&lt;ol>
&lt;li>Dubbo 支持了多层级的配置，并按预定优先级自动实现配置间的覆盖，最终所有配置汇总到数据总线URL后驱动后续的服务暴露、引用等流程。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>ApplicationConfig、ServiceConfig、ReferenceConfig 可以被理解成配置来源的一种，是直接面向用户编程的配置采集方式。&lt;/li>
&lt;li>配置格式以 Properties 为主，在配置内容上遵循约定的 &lt;code>path-based&lt;/code> 的命名&lt;a href="#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F">规范&lt;/a>&lt;/li>
&lt;/ol>
&lt;h2 id="配置来源">配置来源&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>首先，从Dubbo支持的配置来源说起，默认有四种配置来源：&lt;/p>
&lt;ul>
&lt;li>JVM System Properties，-D 参数&lt;/li>
&lt;li>Externalized Configuration，外部化配置&lt;/li>
&lt;li>ServiceConfig、ReferenceConfig 等编程接口采集的配置&lt;/li>
&lt;li>本地配置文件 dubbo.properties&lt;/li>
&lt;/ul>
&lt;h3 id="覆盖关系">覆盖关系&lt;/h3>
&lt;p>下图展示了配置覆盖关系的优先级，从上到下优先级依次降低：&lt;/p>
&lt;p>&lt;img src="https://dubbo.apache.org/imgs/blog/configuration.jpg" alt="覆盖关系">&lt;/p>
&lt;p>点此查看&lt;a href="../config-center">外部化配置详情&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;h2 id="配置格式">配置格式&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>目前Dubbo支持的所有配置都是&lt;code>.properties&lt;/code>格式的，包括&lt;code>-D&lt;/code>、&lt;code>Externalized Configuration&lt;/code>等，&lt;code>.properties&lt;/code>中的所有配置项遵循一种&lt;code>path-based&lt;/code>的配置格式：&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># 应用级别&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.{config-type}[.{config-id}].{config-item}&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">{config-item-value}&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># 服务级别&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.service.{interface-name}[.{method-name}].{config-item}&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">{config-item-value}&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.reference.{interface-name}[.{method-name}].{config-item}&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">{config-item-value}&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#586e75"># 多配置项&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.{config-type}s.{config-id}.{config-item}&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">{config-item-value}&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>应用级别&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.application.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">demo-provider&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.registry.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.protocol.port&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">-1&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>服务级别&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.service.org.apache.dubbo.samples.api.DemoService.timeout&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">5000&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.reference.org.apache.dubbo.samples.api.DemoService.timeout&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">6000&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.reference.org.apache.dubbo.samples.api.DemoService.sayHello.timeout&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">7000&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>多配置项&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.registries.unit1.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.registries.unit2.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2182&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.protocols.dubbo.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">dubbo&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.protocols.dubbo.port&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">20880&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.protocols.hessian.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">hessian&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.protocols.hessian.port&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">8089&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;p>扩展配置&lt;/p>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.application.parameters&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">[{item1:value1},{item2:value2}]&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>dubbo.reference.org.apache.dubbo.samples.api.DemoService.parameters&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">[{item3:value3}]&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h2 id="几种编程配置方式">几种编程配置方式&lt;/h2>
&lt;p>接下来，我们看一下选择不同的开发方式时，对应到 ServiceConfig、ReferenceConfig 等编程接口采集的配置的变化。&lt;/p>
&lt;h4 id="spring-xml">Spring XML&lt;/h4>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>参见&lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/1-basic/dubbo-samples-spring-xml">示例&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-xml" data-lang="xml">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">&amp;lt;!-- dubbo-provier.xml --&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:application&lt;/span> name=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demo-provider&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:config-center&lt;/span> address=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:registry&lt;/span> address=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&amp;#34;&lt;/span> simplified=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;true&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:metadata-report&lt;/span> address=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;redis://127.0.0.1:6379&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:protocol&lt;/span> name=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;dubbo&amp;#34;&lt;/span> port=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;20880&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;bean&lt;/span> id=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demoService&amp;#34;&lt;/span> class=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.samples.basic.impl.DemoServiceImpl&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">&amp;lt;dubbo:service&lt;/span> interface=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;org.apache.dubbo.samples.basic.api.DemoService&amp;#34;&lt;/span> ref=&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;demoService&amp;#34;&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">/&amp;gt;&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h4 id="spring-annotation">Spring Annotation&lt;/h4>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>参见&lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/1-basic/dubbo-samples-annotation">示例&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">// AnnotationService服务实现&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Service&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">class&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">AnnotationServiceImpl&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">implements&lt;/span> AnnotationService {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">@Override&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> String &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">sayHello&lt;/span>(String name) {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;async provider received: &amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> name);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">return&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;annotation: hello, &amp;#34;&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">+&lt;/span> name;
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> }
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">## dubbo.properties&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> dubbo.application.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">annotation-provider&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> dubbo.registry.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> dubbo.protocol.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">dubbo&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> dubbo.protocol.port&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">20880&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h4 id="spring-boot">Spring Boot&lt;/h4>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>参见&lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-spring-boot-project/tree/master/dubbo-spring-boot-samples">示例&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-properties" data-lang="properties">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">## application.properties&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75"># Spring boot application&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> spring.application.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">dubbo-externalized-configuration-provider-sample&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75"># Base packages to scan Dubbo Component: @com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> dubbo.scan.base-packages&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">com.alibaba.boot.dubbo.demo.provider.service&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75"># Dubbo Application&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">## The default value of dubbo.application.name is ${spring.application.name}&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">## dubbo.application.name=${spring.application.name}&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75"># Dubbo Protocol&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> dubbo.protocol.name&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">dubbo&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> dubbo.protocol.port&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">12345&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">## Dubbo Registry&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> dubbo.registry.address&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">N/A&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> &lt;span style="color:#586e75">## DemoService version&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> demo.service.version&lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span>&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">1.0.0&lt;/span>
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div>&lt;h4 id="api">API&lt;/h4>
&lt;blockquote>
&lt;p>参考&lt;a href="https://github.com/apache/dubbo-samples/tree/master/1-basic/dubbo-samples-api">示例&lt;/a>&lt;/p>
&lt;/blockquote>
&lt;div class="highlight">&lt;pre tabindex="0" style="color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;">&lt;code class="language-java" data-lang="java">&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>&lt;span style="color:#268bd2">public&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">static&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#dc322f">void&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">main&lt;/span>(String&lt;span style="color:#719e07">[]&lt;/span> args) &lt;span style="color:#268bd2">throws&lt;/span> IOException {
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&lt;/span>GreetingsService&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;gt;&lt;/span> service &lt;span style="color:#719e07">=&lt;/span> &lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ServiceConfig&lt;span style="color:#719e07">&amp;lt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span>();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setApplication(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> ApplicationConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;first-dubbo-provider&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setRegistry(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> RegistryConfig(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;multicast://224.5.6.7:1234&amp;#34;&lt;/span>));
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setInterface(GreetingsService.class);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.setRef(&lt;span style="color:#719e07">new&lt;/span> GreetingsServiceImpl());
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> service.export();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.out.println(&lt;span style="color:#2aa198">&amp;#34;first-dubbo-provider is running.&amp;#34;&lt;/span>);
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span> System.in.read();
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;span style="display:flex;">&lt;span>}
&lt;/span>&lt;/span>&lt;/code>&lt;/pre>&lt;/div></description></item></channel></rss>