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| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-invoke-with-json-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/generic-invoke-with-json/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-invoke-with-json><span>JSON泛化调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesmsgpack-serialization-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesmsgpack-serialization-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesmsgpack-serialization-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/msgpack-serialization/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesmsgpack-serialization><span>msgpack序列化</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesprovider-timeout-release-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesprovider-timeout-release-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesprovider-timeout-release-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/provider-timeout-release/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesprovider-timeout-release><span>provider超时打断</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesresult-cache-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesresult-cache-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesresult-cache-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/result-cache/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesresult-cache><span>结果缓存</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesbroadcast-resp-collect-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesbroadcast-resp-collect-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesbroadcast-resp-collect-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/broadcast-resp-collect/ title=收集Dubbo广播响应 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesbroadcast-resp-collect><span>收集广播响应</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesinvoke-with-specified-ip-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesinvoke-with-specified-ip-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesinvoke-with-specified-ip-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/invoke-with-specified-ip/ title="指定Ip Port调用Provider" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesinvoke-with-specified-ip><span>指定IP</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-reference-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-reference-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-reference-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/generic-reference/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-reference><span>使用泛化调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesprotobuf-idl-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesprotobuf-idl-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesprotobuf-idl-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/protobuf-idl/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesprotobuf-idl><span>Protobuf</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplespb-generic-reference-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplespb-generic-reference-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplespb-generic-reference-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/pb-generic-reference/ title="GoogleProtobuf 对象泛化调用" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplespb-generic-reference><span>Protobuf 泛化调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-service-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-service-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-service-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/generic-service/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgeneric-service><span>实现泛化调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesecho-service-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesecho-service-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesecho-service-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/echo-service/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesecho-service><span>回声测试</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplescontext-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplescontext-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplescontext-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/context/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplescontext><span>上下文信息</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesattachment-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesattachment-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesattachment-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/attachment/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesattachment><span>隐式参数</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesasync-call-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesasync-call-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesasync-call-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/async-call/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesasync-call><span>异步调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesasync-execute-on-provider-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesasync-execute-on-provider-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesasync-execute-on-provider-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/async-execute-on-provider/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesasync-execute-on-provider><span>异步执行</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-call-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-call-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-call-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/local-call/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-call><span>本地调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplescallback-parameter-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplescallback-parameter-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplescallback-parameter-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/callback-parameter/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplescallback-parameter><span>参数回调</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesevents-notify-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesevents-notify-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesevents-notify-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/events-notify/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesevents-notify><span>事件通知</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-stub-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-stub-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-stub-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/local-stub/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-stub><span>本地存根</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-mock-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-mock-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-mock-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/local-mock/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslocal-mock><span>本地伪装</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesdelay-publish-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesdelay-publish-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesdelay-publish-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/delay-publish/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesdelay-publish><span>延迟暴露</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconcurrency-control-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconcurrency-control-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconcurrency-control-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/concurrency-control/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconcurrency-control><span>并发控制</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-connections-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-connections-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-connections-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/config-connections/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-connections><span>连接控制</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslazy-connect-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslazy-connect-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslazy-connect-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/lazy-connect/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleslazy-connect><span>延迟连接</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesstickiness-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesstickiness-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesstickiness-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/stickiness/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesstickiness><span>粘滞连接</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplestls-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplestls-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplestls-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/tls/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplestls><span>TLS</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplestoken-authorization-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplestoken-authorization-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplestoken-authorization-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/token-authorization/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplestoken-authorization><span>令牌验证</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesrouting-rule-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesrouting-rule-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesrouting-rule-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/routing-rule/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesrouting-rule><span>路由规则</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesrouting-rule-deprecated-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesrouting-rule-deprecated-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesrouting-rule-deprecated-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/routing-rule-deprecated/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesrouting-rule-deprecated><span>旧路由规则</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-rule-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-rule-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-rule-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/config-rule/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-rule><span>配置规则</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesservice-downgrade-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesservice-downgrade-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesservice-downgrade-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/service-downgrade/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesservice-downgrade><span>服务降级</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-rule-deprecated-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-rule-deprecated-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-rule-deprecated-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/config-rule-deprecated/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconfig-rule-deprecated><span>旧配置规则</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconsumer-threadpool-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconsumer-threadpool-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconsumer-threadpool-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/consumer-threadpool/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesconsumer-threadpool><span>消费端线程池模型</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgraceful-shutdown-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgraceful-shutdown-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgraceful-shutdown-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/graceful-shutdown/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesgraceful-shutdown><span>优雅停机</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleshostname-binding-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleshostname-binding-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleshostname-binding-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/hostname-binding/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexampleshostname-binding><span>主机绑定</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesset-host-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesset-host-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesset-host-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/examples/set-host/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userexamplesset-host><span>主机配置</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferences-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferences-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferences-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferences><span>参考手册</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxml-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxml-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxml-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/ title="Schema 配置参考手册" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxml><span>XML 配置</span></a></label><ul class="ul-4 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-application-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-application-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-application-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-application/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-application><span>dubbo:application</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-argument-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-argument-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-argument-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-argument/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-argument><span>dubbo:argument</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-config-center-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-config-center-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-config-center-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-config-center/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-config-center><span>dubbo:config-center</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-consumer-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-consumer-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-consumer-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-consumer/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-consumer><span>dubbo:consumer</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-method-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-method-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-method-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-method/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-method><span>dubbo:method</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-module-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-module-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-module-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-module/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-module><span>dubbo:module</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-monitor-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-monitor-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-monitor-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-monitor/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-monitor><span>dubbo:monitor</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-parameter-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-parameter-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-parameter-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-parameter/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-parameter><span>dubbo:parameter</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-protocol-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-protocol-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-protocol-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-protocol/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-protocol><span>dubbo:protocol</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-provider-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-provider-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-provider-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-provider/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-provider><span>dubbo:provider</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-reference-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-reference-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-reference-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-reference/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-reference><span>dubbo:reference</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-registry-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-registry-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-registry-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-registry/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-registry><span>dubbo:registry</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-service-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-service-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-service-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/xml/dubbo-service/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesxmldubbo-service><span>dubbo:service</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocol-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocol-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocol-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocol><span>协议参考手册</span></a></label><ul class="ul-4 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocoldubbo-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocoldubbo-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocoldubbo-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/dubbo/ title="dubbo 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocoldubbo><span>dubbo://</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolrest-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolrest-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolrest-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/rest/ title="rest 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolrest><span>rest://</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolhttp-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolhttp-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolhttp-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/http/ title="http 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolhttp><span>http://</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolhessian-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolhessian-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolhessian-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/hessian/ title="hessian 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolhessian><span>hessian://</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolredis-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolredis-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolredis-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/redis/ title="redis 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolredis><span>redis://</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolthrift-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolthrift-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolthrift-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/thrift/ title="thrift 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolthrift><span>thrift://</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolgrpc-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolgrpc-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolgrpc-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/grpc/ title="gRPC 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolgrpc><span>grpc://</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolmemcached-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolmemcached-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolmemcached-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/memcached/ title="memcached 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolmemcached><span>memcached://</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolrmi-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolrmi-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolrmi-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/rmi/ title="rmi 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolrmi><span>rmi://</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolwebservice-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolwebservice-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolwebservice-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/protocol/webservice/ title="webservice 协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesprotocolwebservice><span>webservice://</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistry-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistry-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistry-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/registry/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistry><span>注册中心参考手册</span></a></label><ul class="ul-4 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrynacos-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrynacos-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrynacos-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/registry/nacos/ title="Nacos 注册中心" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrynacos><span>Nacos</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistryzookeeper-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistryzookeeper-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistryzookeeper-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/registry/zookeeper/ title="Zookeeper 注册中心" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistryzookeeper><span>Zookeeper</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrymulticast-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrymulticast-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrymulticast-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/registry/multicast/ title="Multicast 注册中心" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrymulticast><span>Multicast</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistryredis-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistryredis-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistryredis-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/registry/redis/ title="Redis 注册中心" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistryredis><span>Redis</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrysimple-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrysimple-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrysimple-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/registry/simple/ title="Simple 注册中心" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesregistrysimple><span>Simple</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesmetadata-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesmetadata-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesmetadata-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/metadata/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesmetadata><span>元数据参考手册</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesapi-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesapi-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesapi-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/api/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesapi><span>API 参考手册</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesqos-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesqos-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesqos-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/qos/ title=在线运维命令参考手册 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesqos><span>QOS 手册</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencestelnet-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencestelnet-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencestelnet-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/telnet/ title="Telnet 命令参考手册" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencestelnet><span>Telnet 手册</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesmaven-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesmaven-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesmaven-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/references/maven/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userreferencesmaven><span>Maven 插件参考手册</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userversions-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userversions-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userversions-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/versions/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userversions><span>版本升级</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userversionsversion-270-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userversionsversion-270-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userversionsversion-270-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/versions/version-270/ title=升级与可能的兼容性问题总结 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userversionsversion-270><span>2.7.0</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userbest-practice-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userbest-practice-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userbest-practice-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/best-practice/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userbest-practice><span>服务化最佳实践</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userrecommend-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userrecommend-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userrecommend-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/recommend/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userrecommend><span>推荐用法</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27usercapacity-plan-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27usercapacity-plan-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27usercapacity-plan-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/capacity-plan/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27usercapacity-plan><span>容量规划</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userperf-test-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userperf-test-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userperf-test-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/perf-test/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userperf-test><span>性能测试报告</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27usercoveragence-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27usercoveragence-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27usercoveragence-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/coveragence/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27usercoveragence><span>测试覆盖率报告</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userbenchmark-tool-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userbenchmark-tool-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userbenchmark-tool-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/benchmark-tool/ title=基准测试工具包 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userbenchmark-tool><span>基准测试</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userrest-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userrest-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userrest-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/rest/ title="开发 REST 应用" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userrest><span>REST 支持</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27usersimple-monitor-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27usersimple-monitor-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27usersimple-monitor-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/simple-monitor/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27usersimple-monitor><span>简单监控</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userserialization-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userserialization-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userserialization-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/serialization/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userserialization><span>Kryo 和 FST 序列化</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguages-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguages-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguages-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/languages/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguages><span>其他语言支持</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlang-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlang-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlang-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/languages/erlang/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlang><span>Erlang</span></a></label><ul class="ul-4 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangquick-start-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangquick-start-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangquick-start-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/languages/erlang/quick-start/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangquick-start><span>快速开始</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangreference-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangreference-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangreference-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/languages/erlang/reference/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangreference><span>消费者配置</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangservice-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangservice-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangservice-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/languages/erlang/service/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangservice><span>提供者配置</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangserialization-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangserialization-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangserialization-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/languages/erlang/serialization/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27userlanguageserlangserialization><span>序列化配置项</span></a></label></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27usernew-features-in-a-glance-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27usernew-features-in-a-glance-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27usernew-features-in-a-glance-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/user/new-features-in-a-glance/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27usernew-features-in-a-glance><span></span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27dev-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27dev-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27dev-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27dev><span>开发指南</span></a></label><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devbuild-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devbuild-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devbuild-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/build/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devbuild><span>源码构建</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devdesign-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devdesign-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devdesign-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/design/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devdesign><span>框架设计</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devspi-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devspi-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devspi-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/spi/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devspi><span>扩展点加载</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplementation-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplementation-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplementation-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/implementation/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplementation><span>实现细节</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimpls-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimpls-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimpls-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimpls><span>SPI 扩展实现</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsprotocol-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsprotocol-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsprotocol-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/protocol/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsprotocol><span>协议扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsfilter-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsfilter-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsfilter-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/filter/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsfilter><span>调用拦截扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsinvoker-listener-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsinvoker-listener-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsinvoker-listener-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/invoker-listener/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsinvoker-listener><span>引用监听扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsexporter-listener-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsexporter-listener-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsexporter-listener-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/exporter-listener/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsexporter-listener><span>暴露监听扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscluster-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscluster-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscluster-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/cluster/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscluster><span>集群扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsrouter-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsrouter-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsrouter-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/router/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsrouter><span>路由扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsload-balance-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsload-balance-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsload-balance-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/load-balance/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsload-balance><span>负载均衡扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsmerger-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsmerger-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsmerger-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/merger/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsmerger><span>合并结果扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsregistry-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsregistry-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsregistry-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/registry/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsregistry><span>注册中心扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsmonitor-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsmonitor-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsmonitor-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/monitor/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsmonitor><span>监控中心扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsextension-factory-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsextension-factory-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsextension-factory-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/extension-factory/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsextension-factory><span>扩展点加载扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsproxy-factory-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsproxy-factory-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsproxy-factory-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/proxy-factory/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsproxy-factory><span>动态代理扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscompiler-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscompiler-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscompiler-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/compiler/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscompiler><span>编译器扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsconfig-center-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsconfig-center-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsconfig-center-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/config-center/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsconfig-center><span>配置中心扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsdispatcher-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsdispatcher-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsdispatcher-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/dispatcher/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsdispatcher><span>消息派发扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsthreadpool-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsthreadpool-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsthreadpool-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/threadpool/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsthreadpool><span>线程池扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsserialize-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsserialize-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsserialize-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/serialize/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsserialize><span>序列化扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsremoting-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsremoting-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsremoting-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/remoting/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsremoting><span>网络传输扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsexchanger-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsexchanger-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsexchanger-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/exchanger/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsexchanger><span>信息交换扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsnetworker-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsnetworker-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsnetworker-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/networker/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsnetworker><span>组网扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplstelnet-handler-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplstelnet-handler-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplstelnet-handler-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/telnet-handler/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplstelnet-handler><span>Telnet 命令扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsstatus-checker-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsstatus-checker-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsstatus-checker-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/status-checker/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsstatus-checker><span>状态检查扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscontainer-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscontainer-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscontainer-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/container/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscontainer><span>容器扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscache-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscache-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscache-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/cache/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplscache><span>缓存扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsvalidation-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsvalidation-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsvalidation-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/validation/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplsvalidation><span>验证扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplslogger-adapter-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplslogger-adapter-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplslogger-adapter-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/logger-adapter/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplslogger-adapter><span>日志适配扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplspage-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplspage-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplspage-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/impls/page/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devimplspage><span></span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipals-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipals-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipals-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/principals/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipals><span>设计原则</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalscode-detail-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalscode-detail-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalscode-detail-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/principals/code-detail/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalscode-detail><span>魔鬼在细节</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsconfiguration-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsconfiguration-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsconfiguration-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/principals/configuration/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsconfiguration><span>配置设计</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsdummy-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsdummy-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsdummy-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/principals/dummy/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsdummy><span>防痴呆设计</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsexpansibility-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsexpansibility-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsexpansibility-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/principals/expansibility/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsexpansibility><span>谈谈扩充式扩展与增量式扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsextension-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsextension-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsextension-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/principals/extension/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsextension><span>扩展点重构</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsgeneral-knowledge-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsgeneral-knowledge-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsgeneral-knowledge-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/principals/general-knowledge/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsgeneral-knowledge><span>一些设计上的基本常识</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsrobustness-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsrobustness-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsrobustness-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/principals/robustness/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsrobustness><span>设计实现的健壮性</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsintroduction-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsintroduction-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsintroduction-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/principals/introduction/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devprincipalsintroduction><span></span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devcontract-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devcontract-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devcontract-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/contract/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devcontract><span>公共契约</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devsource-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devsource-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27devsource-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/source/ title="Dubbo 源代码分析" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devsource><span>源代码</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsv27devsourcedubbo-spi-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsv27devsourcedubbo-spi-check> |
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| <label for=m-zh-cndocsv27admininstallmonitor-center-check><a href=/zh-cn/docsv2.7/admin/install/monitor-center/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsv27admininstallmonitor-center><span>Simple 监控中心安装</span></a></label></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></div><main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 pl-md-5" role=main><nav aria-label=breadcrumb class=td-breadcrumbs><ol class=breadcrumb><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=https://cn.dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/>文档 2.x</a></li><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=https://cn.dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/>开发指南</a></li><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=https://cn.dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/source/>源代码</a></li><li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current=page><a href=https://cn.dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docsv2.7/dev/source/dubbo-spi/ aria-disabled=true class="btn-link disabled">Dubbo SPI</a></li></ol></nav><div class=td-content><h1>Dubbo SPI</h1><div class=lead>本文介绍了 Dubbo SPI 的原理和实现细节</div><header class=article-meta></header><h2 id=1简介>1.简介</h2><p>SPI 全称为 Service Provider Interface，是一种服务发现机制。SPI 的本质是将接口实现类的全限定名配置在文件中，并由服务加载器读取配置文件，加载实现类。这样可以在运行时，动态为接口替换实现类。正因此特性，我们可以很容易的通过 SPI 机制为我们的程序提供拓展功能。SPI 机制在第三方框架中也有所应用，比如 Dubbo 就是通过 SPI 机制加载所有的组件。不过，Dubbo 并未使用 Java 原生的 SPI 机制，而是对其进行了增强，使其能够更好的满足需求。在 Dubbo 中，SPI 是一个非常重要的模块。基于 SPI，我们可以很容易的对 Dubbo 进行拓展。如果大家想要学习 Dubbo 的源码，SPI 机制务必弄懂。接下来，我们先来了解一下 Java SPI 与 Dubbo SPI 的用法，然后再来分析 Dubbo SPI 的源码。</p><p>需要特别说明的是，本篇文章以及本系列其他文章所分析的源码版本均为 <strong>dubbo-2.6.4</strong>。因此大家在阅读文章的过程中，需注意将代码版本切换到 dubbo-2.6.4 tag 上。</p><h2 id=2spi-示例>2.SPI 示例</h2><h3 id=21--java-spi-示例>2.1 Java SPI 示例</h3><p>前面简单介绍了 SPI 机制的原理，本节通过一个示例演示 Java SPI 的使用方法。首先，我们定义一个接口，名称为 Robot。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>interface</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>Robot</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>sayHello</span>(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>接下来定义两个实现类，分别为 OptimusPrime 和 Bumblebee。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>class</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>OptimusPrime</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>implements</span> Robot { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Override</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>sayHello</span>() { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> System.out.println(<span style=color:#2aa198>"Hello, I am Optimus Prime."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>class</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>Bumblebee</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>implements</span> Robot { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Override</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>sayHello</span>() { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> System.out.println(<span style=color:#2aa198>"Hello, I am Bumblebee."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>接下来 META-INF/services 文件夹下创建一个文件，名称为 Robot 的全限定名 org.apache.spi.Robot。文件内容为实现类的全限定的类名，如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span>org.apache.spi.OptimusPrime |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>org.apache.spi.Bumblebee |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>做好所需的准备工作，接下来编写代码进行测试。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>class</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>JavaSPITest</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Test</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>sayHello</span>() <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> Exception { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ServiceLoader<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Robot<span style=color:#719e07>></span> serviceLoader <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> ServiceLoader.load(Robot.class); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> System.out.println(<span style=color:#2aa198>"Java SPI"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> serviceLoader.forEach(Robot::sayHello); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>最后来看一下测试结果，如下：</p><p><img src=/imgs/dev/java-spi-result.jpg alt=img></p><p>从测试结果可以看出，我们的两个实现类被成功的加载，并输出了相应的内容。关于 Java SPI 的演示先到这里，接下来演示 Dubbo SPI。</p><h3 id=22-dubbo-spi-示例>2.2 Dubbo SPI 示例</h3><p>Dubbo 并未使用 Java SPI，而是重新实现了一套功能更强的 SPI 机制。Dubbo SPI 的相关逻辑被封装在了 ExtensionLoader 类中，通过 ExtensionLoader，我们可以加载指定的实现类。Dubbo SPI 所需的配置文件需放置在 META-INF/dubbo 路径下，配置内容如下。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span>optimusPrime = org.apache.spi.OptimusPrime |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>bumblebee = org.apache.spi.Bumblebee |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>与 Java SPI 实现类配置不同，Dubbo SPI 是通过键值对的方式进行配置，这样我们可以按需加载指定的实现类。另外，在测试 Dubbo SPI 时，需要在 Robot 接口上标注 @SPI 注解。下面来演示 Dubbo SPI 的用法：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>class</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>DubboSPITest</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Test</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>sayHello</span>() <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> Exception { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Robot<span style=color:#719e07>></span> extensionLoader <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(Robot.class); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Robot optimusPrime <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> extensionLoader.getExtension(<span style=color:#2aa198>"optimusPrime"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> optimusPrime.sayHello(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Robot bumblebee <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> extensionLoader.getExtension(<span style=color:#2aa198>"bumblebee"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> bumblebee.sayHello(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>测试结果如下：</p><p><img src=/imgs/dev/dubbo-spi-result.jpg alt=img></p><p>Dubbo SPI 除了支持按需加载接口实现类，还增加了 IOC 和 AOP 等特性，这些特性将会在接下来的源码分析章节中一一进行介绍。</p><h2 id=3-dubbo-spi-源码分析>3. Dubbo SPI 源码分析</h2><p>上一章简单演示了 Dubbo SPI 的使用方法。我们首先通过 ExtensionLoader 的 getExtensionLoader 方法获取一个 ExtensionLoader 实例，然后再通过 ExtensionLoader 的 getExtension 方法获取拓展类对象。这其中，getExtensionLoader 方法用于从缓存中获取与拓展类对应的 ExtensionLoader，若缓存未命中，则创建一个新的实例。该方法的逻辑比较简单，本章就不进行分析了。下面我们从 ExtensionLoader 的 getExtension 方法作为入口，对拓展类对象的获取过程进行详细的分析。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> T <span style=color:#268bd2>getExtension</span>(String name) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (name <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span> <span style=color:#719e07>||</span> name.length() <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> 0) |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalArgumentException(<span style=color:#2aa198>"Extension name == null"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (<span style=color:#2aa198>"true"</span>.equals(name)) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取默认的拓展实现类</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> getDefaultExtension(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// Holder，顾名思义，用于持有目标对象</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Holder<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Object<span style=color:#719e07>></span> holder <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedInstances.get(name); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (holder <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedInstances.putIfAbsent(name, <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> Holder<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Object<span style=color:#719e07>></span>()); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> holder <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedInstances.get(name); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Object instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> holder.get(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 双重检查</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (instance <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>synchronized</span> (holder) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> holder.get(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (instance <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 创建拓展实例</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> createExtension(name); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 设置实例到 holder 中</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> holder.set(instance); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> (T) instance; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>上面代码的逻辑比较简单，首先检查缓存，缓存未命中则创建拓展对象。下面我们来看一下创建拓展对象的过程是怎样的。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> T <span style=color:#268bd2>createExtension</span>(String name) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 从配置文件中加载所有的拓展类，可得到“配置项名称”到“配置类”的映射关系表</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> clazz <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> getExtensionClasses().get(name); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (clazz <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> findException(name); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> T instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> (T) EXTENSION_INSTANCES.get(clazz); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (instance <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 通过反射创建实例</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> EXTENSION_INSTANCES.putIfAbsent(clazz, clazz.newInstance()); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> (T) EXTENSION_INSTANCES.get(clazz); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 向实例中注入依赖</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> injectExtension(instance); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Set<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> wrapperClasses <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedWrapperClasses; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (wrapperClasses <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span> <span style=color:#719e07>&&</span> <span style=color:#719e07>!</span>wrapperClasses.isEmpty()) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 循环创建 Wrapper 实例</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>for</span> (Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> wrapperClass : wrapperClasses) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 将当前 instance 作为参数传给 Wrapper 的构造方法，并通过反射创建 Wrapper 实例。</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 然后向 Wrapper 实例中注入依赖，最后将 Wrapper 实例再次赋值给 instance 变量</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> injectExtension( |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> (T) wrapperClass.getConstructor(type).newInstance(instance)); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> instance; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> (Throwable t) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException(<span style=color:#2aa198>"..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>createExtension 方法的逻辑稍复杂一下，包含了如下的步骤：</p><ol><li>通过 getExtensionClasses 获取所有的拓展类</li><li>通过反射创建拓展对象</li><li>向拓展对象中注入依赖</li><li>将拓展对象包裹在相应的 Wrapper 对象中</li></ol><p>以上步骤中，第一个步骤是加载拓展类的关键，第三和第四个步骤是 Dubbo IOC 与 AOP 的具体实现。在接下来的章节中，将会重点分析 getExtensionClasses 方法的逻辑，以及简单介绍 Dubbo IOC 的具体实现。</p><h3 id=31-获取所有的拓展类>3.1 获取所有的拓展类</h3><p>我们在通过名称获取拓展类之前，首先需要根据配置文件解析出拓展项名称到拓展类的映射关系表（Map<名称, 拓展类>），之后再根据拓展项名称从映射关系表中取出相应的拓展类即可。相关过程的代码分析如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String, Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> getExtensionClasses() { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 从缓存中获取已加载的拓展类</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String, Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> classes <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedClasses.get(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 双重检查</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (classes <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>synchronized</span> (cachedClasses) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> classes <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedClasses.get(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (classes <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 加载拓展类</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> classes <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> loadExtensionClasses(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedClasses.set(classes); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> classes; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>这里也是先检查缓存，若缓存未命中，则通过 synchronized 加锁。加锁后再次检查缓存，并判空。此时如果 classes 仍为 null，则通过 loadExtensionClasses 加载拓展类。下面分析 loadExtensionClasses 方法的逻辑。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String, Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> loadExtensionClasses() { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取 SPI 注解，这里的 type 变量是在调用 getExtensionLoader 方法时传入的</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>final</span> SPI defaultAnnotation <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> type.getAnnotation(SPI.class); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (defaultAnnotation <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String value <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> defaultAnnotation.value(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> ((value <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> value.trim()).length() <span style=color:#719e07>></span> 0) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 对 SPI 注解内容进行切分</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String<span style=color:#719e07>[]</span> names <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> NAME_SEPARATOR.split(value); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 检测 SPI 注解内容是否合法，不合法则抛出异常</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (names.length <span style=color:#719e07>></span> 1) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException(<span style=color:#2aa198>"more than 1 default extension name on extension..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 设置默认名称，参考 getDefaultExtension 方法</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (names.length <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> 1) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedDefaultName <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> names<span style=color:#719e07>[</span>0<span style=color:#719e07>]</span>; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String, Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> extensionClasses <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> HashMap<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String, Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span>(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 加载指定文件夹下的配置文件</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> loadDirectory(extensionClasses, DUBBO_INTERNAL_DIRECTORY); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> loadDirectory(extensionClasses, DUBBO_DIRECTORY); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> loadDirectory(extensionClasses, SERVICES_DIRECTORY); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> extensionClasses; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>loadExtensionClasses 方法总共做了两件事情，一是对 SPI 注解进行解析，二是调用 loadDirectory 方法加载指定文件夹配置文件。SPI 注解解析过程比较简单，无需多说。下面我们来看一下 loadDirectory 做了哪些事情。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>loadDirectory</span>(Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String, Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> extensionClasses, String dir) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// fileName = 文件夹路径 + type 全限定名 </span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String fileName <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> dir <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> type.getName(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Enumeration<span style=color:#719e07><</span>java.net.URL<span style=color:#719e07>></span> urls; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ClassLoader classLoader <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> findClassLoader(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 根据文件名加载所有的同名文件</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (classLoader <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> urls <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> classLoader.getResources(fileName); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> urls <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> ClassLoader.getSystemResources(fileName); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (urls <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>while</span> (urls.hasMoreElements()) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> java.net.URL resourceURL <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> urls.nextElement(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 加载资源</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> loadResource(extensionClasses, classLoader, resourceURL); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> (Throwable t) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> logger.error(<span style=color:#2aa198>"..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>loadDirectory 方法先通过 classLoader 获取所有资源链接，然后再通过 loadResource 方法加载资源。我们继续跟下去，看一下 loadResource 方法的实现。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>loadResource</span>(Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String, Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> extensionClasses, |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ClassLoader classLoader, java.net.URL resourceURL) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> BufferedReader reader <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> BufferedReader( |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> InputStreamReader(resourceURL.openStream(), <span style=color:#2aa198>"utf-8"</span>)); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String line; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 按行读取配置内容</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>while</span> ((line <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> reader.readLine()) <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 定位 # 字符</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>final</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>int</span> ci <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line.indexOf(<span style=color:#2aa198>'#'</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (ci <span style=color:#719e07>>=</span> 0) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 截取 # 之前的字符串，# 之后的内容为注释，需要忽略</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> line <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line.substring(0, ci); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> line <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line.trim(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (line.length() <span style=color:#719e07>></span> 0) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String name <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#dc322f>int</span> i <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line.indexOf(<span style=color:#2aa198>'='</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (i <span style=color:#719e07>></span> 0) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 以等于号 = 为界，截取键与值</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> name <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line.substring(0, i).trim(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> line <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line.substring(i <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> 1).trim(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (line.length() <span style=color:#719e07>></span> 0) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 加载类，并通过 loadClass 方法对类进行缓存</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> loadClass(extensionClasses, resourceURL, |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Class.forName(line, <span style=color:#cb4b16>true</span>, classLoader), name); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> (Throwable t) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> IllegalStateException e <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException(<span style=color:#2aa198>"Failed to load extension class..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>finally</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> reader.close(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> (Throwable t) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> logger.error(<span style=color:#2aa198>"Exception when load extension class..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>loadResource 方法用于读取和解析配置文件，并通过反射加载类，最后调用 loadClass 方法进行其他操作。loadClass 方法用于主要用于操作缓存，该方法的逻辑如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>loadClass</span>(Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String, Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> extensionClasses, java.net.URL resourceURL, |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> clazz, String name) <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> NoSuchMethodException { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (<span style=color:#719e07>!</span>type.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException(<span style=color:#2aa198>"..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 检测目标类上是否有 Adaptive 注解</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Adaptive.class)) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (cachedAdaptiveClass <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 设置 cachedAdaptiveClass缓存</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedAdaptiveClass <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> clazz; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (<span style=color:#719e07>!</span>cachedAdaptiveClass.equals(clazz)) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException(<span style=color:#2aa198>"..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 检测 clazz 是否是 Wrapper 类型</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (isWrapperClass(clazz)) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Set<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> wrappers <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedWrapperClasses; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (wrappers <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedWrapperClasses <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> ConcurrentHashSet<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span>(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> wrappers <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedWrapperClasses; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 存储 clazz 到 cachedWrapperClasses 缓存中</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> wrappers.add(clazz); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 程序进入此分支，表明 clazz 是一个普通的拓展类</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 检测 clazz 是否有默认的构造方法，如果没有，则抛出异常</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> clazz.getConstructor(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (name <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span> <span style=color:#719e07>||</span> name.length() <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> 0) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果 name 为空，则尝试从 Extension 注解中获取 name，或使用小写的类名作为 name</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> name <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> findAnnotationName(clazz); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (name.length() <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> 0) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException(<span style=color:#2aa198>"..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 切分 name</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String<span style=color:#719e07>[]</span> names <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> NAME_SEPARATOR.split(name); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (names <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span> <span style=color:#719e07>&&</span> names.length <span style=color:#719e07>></span> 0) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Activate activate <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> clazz.getAnnotation(Activate.class); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (activate <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果类上有 Activate 注解，则使用 names 数组的第一个元素作为键，</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 存储 name 到 Activate 注解对象的映射关系</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedActivates.put(names<span style=color:#719e07>[</span>0<span style=color:#719e07>]</span>, activate); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>for</span> (String n : names) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (<span style=color:#719e07>!</span>cachedNames.containsKey(clazz)) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 存储 Class 到名称的映射关系</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedNames.put(clazz, n); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> c <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> extensionClasses.get(n); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (c <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 存储名称到 Class 的映射关系</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> extensionClasses.put(n, clazz); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (c <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> clazz) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException(<span style=color:#2aa198>"..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>如上，loadClass 方法操作了不同的缓存，比如 cachedAdaptiveClass、cachedWrapperClasses 和 cachedNames 等等。除此之外，该方法没有其他什么逻辑了。</p><p>到此，关于缓存类加载的过程就分析完了。整个过程没什么特别复杂的地方，大家按部就班的分析即可，不懂的地方可以调试一下。接下来，我们来聊聊 Dubbo IOC 方面的内容。</p><h3 id=32-dubbo-ioc>3.2 Dubbo IOC</h3><p>Dubbo IOC 是通过 setter 方法注入依赖。Dubbo 首先会通过反射获取到实例的所有方法，然后再遍历方法列表，检测方法名是否具有 setter 方法特征。若有，则通过 ObjectFactory 获取依赖对象，最后通过反射调用 setter 方法将依赖设置到目标对象中。整个过程对应的代码如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> T <span style=color:#268bd2>injectExtension</span>(T instance) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (objectFactory <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 遍历目标类的所有方法</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>for</span> (Method method : instance.getClass().getMethods()) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 检测方法是否以 set 开头，且方法仅有一个参数，且方法访问级别为 public</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (method.getName().startsWith(<span style=color:#2aa198>"set"</span>) |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>&&</span> method.getParameterTypes().length <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> 1 |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>&&</span> Modifier.isPublic(method.getModifiers())) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取 setter 方法参数类型</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> pt <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> method.getParameterTypes()<span style=color:#719e07>[</span>0<span style=color:#719e07>]</span>; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取属性名，比如 setName 方法对应属性名 name</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String property <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> method.getName().length() <span style=color:#719e07>></span> 3 <span style=color:#719e07>?</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> method.getName().substring(3, 4).toLowerCase() <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> method.getName().substring(4) : <span style=color:#2aa198>""</span>; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 从 ObjectFactory 中获取依赖对象</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Object object <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> objectFactory.getExtension(pt, property); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> (object <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span>) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 通过反射调用 setter 方法设置依赖</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> method.invoke(instance, object); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> (Exception e) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> logger.error(<span style=color:#2aa198>"fail to inject via method..."</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> (Exception e) { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> logger.error(e.getMessage(), e); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> instance; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>在上面代码中，objectFactory 变量的类型为 AdaptiveExtensionFactory，AdaptiveExtensionFactory 内部维护了一个 ExtensionFactory 列表，用于存储其他类型的 ExtensionFactory。Dubbo 目前提供了两种 ExtensionFactory，分别是 SpiExtensionFactory 和 SpringExtensionFactory。前者用于创建自适应的拓展，后者是用于从 Spring 的 IOC 容器中获取所需的拓展。这两个类的类的代码不是很复杂，这里就不一一分析了。</p><p>Dubbo IOC 目前仅支持 setter 方式注入，总的来说，逻辑比较简单易懂。</p><h2 id=4总结>4.总结</h2><p>本篇文章简单分别介绍了 Java SPI 与 Dubbo SPI 用法，并对 Dubbo SPI 的加载拓展类的过程进行了分析。另外，在 Dubbo SPI 中还有一块重要的逻辑这里没有进行分析，即 Dubbo SPI 的扩展点自适应机制。该机制的逻辑较为复杂，我们将会在下一篇文章中进行详细的分析。</p><p>好了，本篇文章就先到这里了。如果文章中有错误不妥之处，欢迎大家提 issue 进行反馈，或者提 pull request 进行修正。让我们携手共建 Dubbo 社区。</p><div id=pre-footer><h2>反馈</h2><p class=feedback--prompt>此页是否对您有帮助？</p><button class="btn btn-primary mb-4 feedback--yes">是</button> |
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| <a href=https://github.com/apache/dubbo/issues/new target=_blank><i class="fas fa-tasks fa-fw"></i> 提交项目问题</a></div><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><a href=#1简介>1.简介</a></li><li><a href=#2spi-示例>2.SPI 示例</a><ul><li><a href=#21--java-spi-示例>2.1 Java SPI 示例</a></li><li><a href=#22-dubbo-spi-示例>2.2 Dubbo SPI 示例</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#3-dubbo-spi-源码分析>3. Dubbo SPI 源码分析</a><ul><li><a href=#31-获取所有的拓展类>3.1 获取所有的拓展类</a></li><li><a href=#32-dubbo-ioc>3.2 Dubbo IOC</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#4总结>4.总结</a></li></ul></nav></div></div></div></div><footer class="bg-dark py-5 row d-print-none footer-margin-0"><div class="container-fluid mx-sm-5"><div class=row><div class="col-6 col-sm-4 text-xs-center order-sm-2"><ul class="list-inline mb-0"><li class="list-inline-item mx-2 h3" data-toggle=tooltip data-placement=top title="Dubbo mailing list archive" aria-label="Dubbo mailing list archive"><a class=text-white target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" href=https://lists.apache.org/list.html?dev@dubbo.apache.org><i class="fa fa-envelope"></i></a></li></ul></div><div class="col-6 col-sm-4 text-right text-xs-center order-sm-3"><ul class="list-inline mb-0"><li class="list-inline-item mx-2 h3" data-toggle=tooltip data-placement=top title=GitHub aria-label=GitHub><a class=text-white target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" href=https://github.com/apache/dubbo><i class="fab fa-github"></i></a></li><li class="list-inline-item mx-2 h3" data-toggle=tooltip data-placement=top title="Subscribe to mailing list" aria-label="Subscribe to mailing list"><a class=text-white target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" href=mailto:dev-subscribe@dubbo.apache.org><i class="fa fa-envelope"></i></a></li></ul></div><div class="col-12 col-sm-4 text-center py-2 order-sm-2"><small class=text-white>© 2024 The Apache Software Foundation. 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