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| <label for=m-enblog20180814dubbo-basic-usage--dubbo-provider-configuration-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/14/dubbo-basic-usage--dubbo-provider-configuration/ title="Dubbo Basic Usage -- Dubbo Provider Configuration" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180814dubbo-basic-usage--dubbo-provider-configuration><span>Dubbo Provider Configuration</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180814manipulating-services-dynamically-via-qos-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180814manipulating-services-dynamically-via-qos-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180814manipulating-services-dynamically-via-qos-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/14/manipulating-services-dynamically-via-qos/ title="Manipulating Services Dynamically via QoS" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180814manipulating-services-dynamically-via-qos><span>Dubbo QoS Introduction</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180814source-code-analysis-of-spring-boot-dubbo-app-start-and-stop-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180814source-code-analysis-of-spring-boot-dubbo-app-start-and-stop-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180814source-code-analysis-of-spring-boot-dubbo-app-start-and-stop-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/14/source-code-analysis-of-spring-boot-dubbo-app-start-and-stop/ title="Source code analysis of spring-boot+Dubbo App start and stop" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180814source-code-analysis-of-spring-boot-dubbo-app-start-and-stop><span>Dubbo start/stop in spring boot</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180814implementation-of-cross-language-calls-by-dubbo2js-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180814implementation-of-cross-language-calls-by-dubbo2js-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180814implementation-of-cross-language-calls-by-dubbo2js-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/14/implementation-of-cross-language-calls-by-dubbo2.js/ title="Implementation of cross-language calls by Dubbo2.js" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180814implementation-of-cross-language-calls-by-dubbo2js><span>dubbo2.js introduction</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180814generic-invoke-of-dubbo-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180814generic-invoke-of-dubbo-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180814generic-invoke-of-dubbo-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/14/generic-invoke-of-dubbo/ title="Generic invoke of Dubbo" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180814generic-invoke-of-dubbo><span>Generic invoke</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180814native-image-using-graalvm-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180814native-image-using-graalvm-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180814native-image-using-graalvm-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/14/native-image-using-graalvm/ title="Native Image using GraalVM" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180814native-image-using-graalvm><span>Native Image</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180810dubbos-load-balance-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180810dubbos-load-balance-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180810dubbos-load-balance-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/10/dubbos-load-balance/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180810dubbos-load-balance><span>Dubbo's Load Balance</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180807use-annotations-in-dubbo-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180807use-annotations-in-dubbo-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180807use-annotations-in-dubbo-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/07/use-annotations-in-dubbo/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180807use-annotations-in-dubbo><span>Use Annotations In Dubbo</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180807using-zookeeper-in-dubbo-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180807using-zookeeper-in-dubbo-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180807using-zookeeper-in-dubbo-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/07/using-zookeeper-in-dubbo/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180807using-zookeeper-in-dubbo><span>Using Zookeeper in Dubbo</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180807dubbo-101-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180807dubbo-101-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180807dubbo-101-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/07/dubbo-101/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180807dubbo-101><span>Your First Dubbo Demo</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180730the-third-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-shenzhen-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180730the-third-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-shenzhen-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180730the-third-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-shenzhen-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/07/30/the-third-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-shenzhen/ title="The third Dubbo meetup has been held in Shenzhen" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180730the-third-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-shenzhen><span>The third Dubbo meetup</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180727sentinel-the-flow-sentinel-of-dubbo-services-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180727sentinel-the-flow-sentinel-of-dubbo-services-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180727sentinel-the-flow-sentinel-of-dubbo-services-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/07/27/sentinel-the-flow-sentinel-of-dubbo-services/ title="Sentinel: The flow sentinel of Dubbo services" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180727sentinel-the-flow-sentinel-of-dubbo-services><span>Introduce sentinel</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180712tracking-with-pinpoint-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180712tracking-with-pinpoint-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180712tracking-with-pinpoint-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/07/12/tracking-with-pinpoint/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180712tracking-with-pinpoint><span>Tracking with Pinpoint</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180701your-first-dubbo-filter-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180701your-first-dubbo-filter-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180701your-first-dubbo-filter-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/07/01/your-first-dubbo-filter/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180701your-first-dubbo-filter><span>Your First Dubbo Filter</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180623the-second-dubbo-shanghai-meetup-has-been-held-successfully-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180623the-second-dubbo-shanghai-meetup-has-been-held-successfully-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180623the-second-dubbo-shanghai-meetup-has-been-held-successfully-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/06/23/the-second-dubbo-shanghai-meetup-has-been-held-successfully/ title="The second Dubbo Shanghai meetup has been held successfully" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180623the-second-dubbo-shanghai-meetup-has-been-held-successfully><span>The second Dubbo meetup</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180512the-first-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-beijing-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180512the-first-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-beijing-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180512the-first-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-beijing-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/05/12/the-first-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-beijing/ title="The first Dubbo meetup has been held in Beijing" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180512the-first-dubbo-meetup-has-been-held-in-beijing><span>The first Dubbo meetup</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180502the-apachecon-na-schedule-has-been-announced-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180502the-apachecon-na-schedule-has-been-announced-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180502the-apachecon-na-schedule-has-been-announced-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/05/02/the-apachecon-na-schedule-has-been-announced/ title="The ApacheCon NA schedule has been announced" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180502the-apachecon-na-schedule-has-been-announced><span>ApacheCon NA</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180425the-gsocgoogle-summer-of-code-2018-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180425the-gsocgoogle-summer-of-code-2018-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180425the-gsocgoogle-summer-of-code-2018-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/04/25/the-gsocgoogle-summer-of-code-2018/ title="The GSoC(Google Summer of Code) 2018" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180425the-gsocgoogle-summer-of-code-2018><span>GSoC 2018</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20180422dubbo-roadmap-is-announced-in-qcon-beijing-2018-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20180422dubbo-roadmap-is-announced-in-qcon-beijing-2018-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20180422dubbo-roadmap-is-announced-in-qcon-beijing-2018-check><a href=/en/blog/2018/04/22/dubbo-roadmap-is-announced-in-qcon-beijing-2018/ title="Dubbo roadmap is announced in QCon Beijing 2018" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20180422dubbo-roadmap-is-announced-in-qcon-beijing-2018><span>QCon Beijing 2018</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-enblogproposals-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblogproposals-check> |
| <label for=m-enblogproposals-check><a href=/en/blog/proposals/ title="Proposals About Apache Dubbo" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-enblogproposals><span>Proposals</span></a></label><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog10101application-level-service-discovery-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog10101application-level-service-discovery-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog10101application-level-service-discovery-check><a href=/en/blog/1/01/01/application-level-service-discovery/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog10101application-level-service-discovery><span>Application-Level Service Discovery</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog10101enhanced-http-standard-capabilities-of-triple-protocol-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog10101enhanced-http-standard-capabilities-of-triple-protocol-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog10101enhanced-http-standard-capabilities-of-triple-protocol-check><a href=/en/blog/1/01/01/enhanced-http-standard-capabilities-of-triple-protocol/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog10101enhanced-http-standard-capabilities-of-triple-protocol><span>Enhanced HTTP Standard Capabilities of Triple Protocol</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-enblogreleases-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblogreleases-check> |
| <label for=m-enblogreleases-check><a href=/en/blog/releases/ title="New Releases" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-enblogreleases><span>Releases</span></a></label><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog202109202714-release-note-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog202109202714-release-note-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog202109202714-release-note-check><a href=/en/blog/2021/09/20/2.7.14-release-note/ title="2.7.14 Release Note" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog202109202714-release-note><span>2.7.14</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog202108233021-release-note-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog202108233021-release-note-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog202108233021-release-note-check><a href=/en/blog/2021/08/23/3.0.2.1-release-note/ title="3.0.2.1 Release Note" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog202108233021-release-note><span>3.0.2.1</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20210818302-release-note-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20210818302-release-note-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20210818302-release-note-check><a href=/en/blog/2021/08/18/3.0.2-release-note/ title="3.0.2 Release Note" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20210818302-release-note><span>3.0.2</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20210702301-release-note-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20210702301-release-note-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20210702301-release-note-check><a href=/en/blog/2021/07/02/3.0.1-release-note/ title="3.0.1 Release Note" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20210702301-release-note><span>3.0.1</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-enblog20200518past-releases-li><input type=checkbox id=m-enblog20200518past-releases-check> |
| <label for=m-enblog20200518past-releases-check><a href=/en/blog/2020/05/18/past-releases/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-enblog20200518past-releases><span>Past Releases</span></a></label></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></div><main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 pl-md-5" role=main><nav aria-label=breadcrumb class=td-breadcrumbs><ol class=breadcrumb><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=https://cn.dubbo.apache.org/en/blog/>Blog</a></li><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=https://cn.dubbo.apache.org/en/blog/news/>Articles</a></li><li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current=page><a href=https://cn.dubbo.apache.org/en/blog/2018/08/14/dubbo-basic-usage--dubbo-provider-configuration/ aria-disabled=true class="btn-link disabled">Dubbo Provider Configuration</a></li></ol></nav><section id=deprecation-warning><div class="content deprecation-warning pageinfo outdated-blog"><p>This article is more than one year old. Older articles may contain outdated content. Check that the information in the page has not become incorrect since its publication.</p></div></section><div class=td-content><h1>Dubbo Basic Usage -- Dubbo Provider Configuration</h1><div class=lead>This article will introduce you how to config Dubbo, by XML, property files, annotations or Java code.</div><div class="td-byline mb-4"><time datetime=2018-08-14 class=text-muted>Tuesday, August 14, 2018</time></div><header class=article-meta></header><p>This chapter mainly talking about how to configure dubbo. According to the configuration mode, it can be divided into the following mode: XML Configuration, Properties Configuration, Annotation Configuration, API Invocation Mode Configuration. And according to the function, we can divide them into Dubbo Provider and Dubbo Consumer. In the following sections, we would explain Dubbo Provider and Dubbo Consumer respectively.</p><h2 id=dubbo-provider-configuration>Dubbo Provider Configuration</h2><h3 id=provider-configuration-in-detail>Provider Configuration in Detail</h3><p>The configuration mode of Dubbo Provider has 4 different ways: XML Configuration, Properties Configuration, API Invocation Mode Configuration and Annotation Configuration.</p><h4 id=xml-configuration>XML Configuration</h4><h6 id=the-simplest-configuration-example>The simplest configuration exampleοΌ</h6><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo" |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <dubbo:application name="hello-world-app" /> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" /> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <dubbo:service interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService" ref="demoServiceLocal" /> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <dubbo:reference id="demoServiceRemote" interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService" /> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span></beans> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>In the example aboveοΌnote the way to write dubbo schemaοΌ</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span><beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h6 id=supported-configuration-tags>Supported Configuration Tags</h6><table><thead><tr><th>Tags</th><th>Application</th><th style=text-align:left>Describe</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><dubbo:service/></td><td>Service Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>Expose a service, define the meta information of the service. One service can use multiple protocols to expose and can be registered to multiple registry centers</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:reference/></td><td>Reference Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>Create a remote service agent, one reference can point to multiple registry centers</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:protocol/></td><td>Protocol Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>Configure protocol information for providing services, protocol is specified by the provider and accepted passively by the consumer</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:application/></td><td>Application Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>Configure current application information, regardless of whether the application is provider or consumer</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:module/></td><td>Module Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>Configure current module information. Optional</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:registry/></td><td>Registry Center Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>Configure information related to connect registry centers</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:monitor/></td><td>Monitoring Center Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>Configure information related to connect monitor centers. Optional</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:provider/></td><td>Provider Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>When some properties ProtocolConfig or ServiceConfig are not configured, use this default value. Optional</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:consumer/></td><td>Consumer Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>When some properties of ReferenceConfig are not configured, use this default value. Optional</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:method/></td><td>Method Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>Configure specific method level information of ServiceConfig and ReferenceConfig</td></tr><tr><td><dubbo:argument/></td><td>Parameter Configuration</td><td style=text-align:left>Configure parameters of specific method</td></tr></tbody></table><p><img src=/imgs/user/dubbo-config.jpg alt=undefined></p><p>Configuration Diagram</p><h6 id=configuration-item-in-detail>Configuration item in detail</h6><ul><li><p><dubbo:application name=“hello-world-app” /><br>Apply to specific application name, note that you need to make sure that the application name is unique. The application name can be displayed in the following console admin for easy management.</p></li><li><p><dubbo:registry address=“multicast://224.5.6.7:1234” /><br>Configure registry center, related to the specific mechanism of service discovery. It can be zookeeper address or eureka address. The address above is the broadcast address, which is very convenient in the test process of the local service invocation.</p></li><li><p><dubbo:protocol name=“dubbo” port=“20880” /><br>Here is the transport protocol and the default port, generally no changes are required.</p></li></ul><blockquote><p>Next, we will focus on the configuration of <dubbo:service/></p></blockquote><ul><li><dubbo:service/>mainly supports the following propertiesοΌ</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>Properties Name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>version</td><td>Version number</td></tr><tr><td>scope</td><td>Service visibility, value can be local or remoteοΌremote by default</td></tr><tr><td>actives</td><td>Maximum number of activated requests</td></tr><tr><td>async</td><td>Whether the method called asynchronouslyοΌfalse by default</td></tr><tr><td>cache</td><td>Service cacheοΌoptional valueοΌlru/threadlocal/jcache</td></tr><tr><td>callbacks</td><td>Limitation of callback instance</td></tr><tr><td>generic</td><td>Generalized calls which can be bypassed</td></tr><tr><td>class</td><td>The implementation of the service’s class name</td></tr><tr><td>connections</td><td>The number of connections in the service</td></tr><tr><td>delay</td><td>The number of milliseconds delay for publicating the service</td></tr><tr><td>executes</td><td>Upper bound of service execution requests</td></tr><tr><td>retries</td><td>Timeout retry times</td></tr><tr><td>timeout</td><td>Invocation timeout time</td></tr></tbody></table><p>For other configuration properties, please refer to xsdοΌhttp://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd</p><ul><li><dubbo:method/> as the sub-element of <dubbo:service/> can be configured corresponding to method. Properties that are commonly used areοΌ</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>Properties Name</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>executes</td><td>Upper bound of service execution requests</td></tr><tr><td>retries</td><td>Timeout retry times</td></tr><tr><td>timeout</td><td>Invocation timeout time</td></tr></tbody></table><p>For other propertiesοΌyou can refer to xsd aboveγ</p><h6 id=configuration-override-relationship>Configuration Override Relationship</h6><p><img src=/imgs/user/dubbo-config-override.jpg alt=undefined></p><p>Configuration Coverage Relationship Diagram</p><p>The Override relationship here includes the configuration of both provider end and consumer end. If you have any questions about consumer, you can refer to the next chapter, consumer chapter, to understand.</p><h4 id=dubboproperties-configuration>dubbo.properties Configuration</h4><blockquote><p>If the public configuration is very simple, no multiple registry centers, no multiple protocols, etc., or if you want multiple Spring containers to share the configuration, you can use dubbo.properties as the default configurations.</p></blockquote><p>Dubbo would load dubbo.properties under the classpath root directory automaticalyοΌyou can change the default configuration location by JVM startup parameter -Ddubbo.properties.file=xxx.properties.</p><h6 id=dubboproperties-configuration-example>dubbo.properties Configuration example</h6><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span># application name |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>dubbo.application.name=dubbodemo-provider |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span># registry center address |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://localhost:2181 |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span># Example of broadcasting registry center |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>#dubbo.registry.address=multicast://224.5.6.7:1234 |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span># address for calling protocol |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>dubbo.protocol.name=dubbo |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>dubbo.protocol.port=28080 |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h6 id=mapping-rule>Mapping Rule</h6><p>Split the tag name and properties in XML configuration with dots, and multiple properties should be split into multiple lines</p><ul><li>For example: dubbo.application.name=foo equivalents to <dubbo:application name=“foo” /></li><li>For example: dubbo.registry.address=10.20.153.10:9090 equivalents to <dubbo:registry address=“10.20.153.10:9090” /></li></ul><p>If there are multiple configurations having the same tag name, they can be distinguished by id, and if there is no id, the configurations will be applied to all tags with the same name.</p><ul><li>For example: dubbo.protocol.rmi.port=1234 equivalents to <dubbo:protocol id=“rmi” name=“rmi” port=“1234” /></li><li>For example: dubbo.registry.china.address=10.20.153.10:9090 equivalents to <dubbo:registry id=“china” address=“10.20.153.10:9090” /></li></ul><h6 id=coverage-strategy>Coverage Strategy</h6><p><img src=/imgs/user/dubbo-config.jpg alt=undefined></p><ul><li>When JVM starts, -D parameter has priority, so that users can rewrite the parameters when deploy and start, for example, the protocol port should be changed when start.</li><li>Then comes to XML, the configurations in dubbo.properties are invalid, if they are configured in XML.</li><li>Properties are the last, which can be considered as default value. Only when there is no configuration in XML, the corresponding configuarations in dubbo.properties will become effective, which usually applies to shared public configuration, like application name.</li></ul><blockquote><p>Note:</p></blockquote><ol><li>If there are multiple dubbo.properties in the classpath root directory, for example, if dubbo.properties exist in multiple JAR files, Dubbo will load anyone arbitrarily and print the Error logs, which may change to throwing exceptions later.β©</li><li>When the protocol’s id is not configured, protocol name will be used as id as default.</li></ol><h4 id=annotation>Annotation</h4><h6 id=service-annotation-exposure-service>Service Annotation Exposure Service</h6><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span>import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>@Service(timeout = 5000) |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>public class AnnotateServiceImpl implements AnnotateService { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> // ... |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h6 id=javaconfig-configuration-public-module>Javaconfig Configuration Public Module</h6><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span>@Configuration |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>public class DubboConfiguration { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> @Bean |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> public ApplicationConfig applicationConfig() { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ApplicationConfig applicationConfig = new ApplicationConfig(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> applicationConfig.setName("provider-test"); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> return applicationConfig; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> @Bean |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> public RegistryConfig registryConfig() { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> RegistryConfig registryConfig = new RegistryConfig(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> registryConfig.setAddress("zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181"); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> registryConfig.setClient("curator"); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> return registryConfig; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>The result of configuration using this method is the same as that of using xml.</p><h6 id=specify-the-dubbo-scan-path>Specify the Dubbo Scan Path</h6><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span>@SpringBootApplication |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>@DubboComponentScan(basePackages = "com.alibaba.dubbo.test.service.impl") |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>public class ProviderTestApp { |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> // ... |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>or use the spring bean xml configuration:</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span><dubbo:annotation package="com.chanshuyi.service.impl" /> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id=api-trigger-directly>API Trigger Directly</h4><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-gdscript3 data-lang=gdscript3><span style=display:flex><span>import com<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>alibaba<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>rpc<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>config<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>ApplicationConfig; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>import com<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>alibaba<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>rpc<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>config<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>RegistryConfig; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>import com<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>alibaba<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>rpc<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>config<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>ProviderConfig; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>import com<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>alibaba<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>rpc<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>config<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>ServiceConfig; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>import com<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>xxx<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>XxxService; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>import com<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>xxx<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>XxxServiceImpl; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>//</span> Service implementation |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>XxxService xxxService <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> new XxxServiceImpl(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>//</span> current application configuration |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>ApplicationConfig application <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> new ApplicationConfig(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>application<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setName(<span style=color:#2aa198>"xxx"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>//</span> connect to registry center configuration |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>RegistryConfig registry <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> new RegistryConfig(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>registry<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setAddress(<span style=color:#2aa198>"10.20.130.230:9090"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>registry<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setUsername(<span style=color:#2aa198>"aaa"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>registry<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setPassword(<span style=color:#2aa198>"bbb"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>//</span> service provider<span style=color:#2aa198>'s protocol configuration</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>ProtocolConfig protocol <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> new ProtocolConfig(); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>protocol<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setName(<span style=color:#2aa198>"dubbo"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>protocol<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setPort(<span style=color:#2aa198>12345</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>protocol<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setThreads(<span style=color:#2aa198>200</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>//</span> Note: ServiceConfig is a heavy object, which encapsulated the connection with registry center internally, <span style=color:#719e07>and</span> open the service port |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>//</span> Service provider exposes service configuration |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>ServiceConfig<span style=color:#719e07><</span>XxxService<span style=color:#719e07>></span> service <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> new ServiceConfig<span style=color:#719e07><</span>XxxService<span style=color:#719e07>></span>(); <span style=color:#719e07>//</span> This instance is very heavy, which encapsulated the connection with registry center, please cache it by yourself, it might cause memory <span style=color:#719e07>and</span> connection leakage otherwise<span style=color:#719e07>.</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>service<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setApplication(application); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>service<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setRegistry(registry); <span style=color:#719e07>//</span> multiple registry centers can use setRegistries() |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>service<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setProtocol(protocol); <span style=color:#719e07>//</span> multiple protocols can use setProtocols() |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>service<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setInterface(XxxService<span style=color:#719e07>.</span><span style=color:#719e07>class</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>service<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setRef(xxxService); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>service<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>setVersion(<span style=color:#2aa198>"1.0.0"</span>); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>//</span> exposure <span style=color:#719e07>and</span> register service |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>service<span style=color:#719e07>.</span><span style=color:#719e07>export</span>(); |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>Generally, this method is not recommended in spring applications. The reason can be checked by reading the source code on github, which would not be explained here.</p><h3 id=provider-interface-and-implement>Provider Interface and Implement</h3><p>The above chapters are described mainly from a configuration perspective, and lets explain the complete use of Dubbo provider by going through a complete example.</p><p>There is only one service UserReadService, and one method getUserById in this example. |
| This service need to be exposed to a remote service by Dubbo. Detail steps are shown below:</p><ol><li>Create Project |
| Skip this step if there is already a project. Create a Spring Boot project, which can be created through <a href=https://start.spring.io/>https://start.spring.io/</a>.</li><li>Define Interface |
| Define interface: UserReadService</li></ol><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span>public interface UserReadService{ |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> public User getUserById(Long userId); |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>Generally, this interface should be placed in an independent JAR file as a client package. |
| Generally, the other services need to refer this client package if they want to consume this service(except for generalized call). |
| 3. Implement Interface |
| Implement UserReadService, and deploy current implementation in the Provider’s application.</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span>public UserReadServiceImpl implements UserReadService{ |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> public User getUserById(Long userId){ |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> return xxx; |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> } |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span>} |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><ol start=4><li>Dubbo Configuration</li></ol><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span style=display:flex><span><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo" |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd"> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <dubbo:application name="hello-world-app" /> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" /> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" /> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <bean id="userReadService" class="com.package.UserReadServiceImpl"/> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <dubbo:service interface="com.package.UserReadService" ref="userReadService" /> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span></beans> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>For the other modes of Dubbo configuration, please refer to the related configurations in the previous chapter, or use the integrated Dubbo Spring Boot starter method.</p><ul class="list-unstyled d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center mb-0 pt-5"><li><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/14/manipulating-services-dynamically-via-qos/ aria-label="Previous - Manipulating Services Dynamically via QoS" class="btn btn-primary"><span class=mr-1>β</span>Previous</a></li><li><a href=/en/blog/2018/08/14/dubbo-several-ways-about-synchronous/asynchronous-invoke/ aria-label="Next - Dubbo: Several ways about synchronous/asynchronous invoke" class="btn btn-primary">Next<span class=ml-1>β</span></a></li></ul></div><div id=pre-footer><h2>Feedback</h2><p class=feedback--prompt>Was this page helpful?</p><button class="btn btn-primary mb-4 feedback--yes">Yes</button> |
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