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| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedmulti-versions-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/multi-versions/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedmulti-versions><span>多版本</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgroup-merger-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgroup-merger-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgroup-merger-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/group-merger/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgroup-merger><span>分组聚合</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedparameter-validation-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedparameter-validation-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedparameter-validation-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/parameter-validation/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedparameter-validation><span>参数验证</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedresult-cache-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedresult-cache-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedresult-cache-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/result-cache/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedresult-cache><span>结果缓存</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgeneric-reference-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgeneric-reference-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgeneric-reference-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/generic-reference/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgeneric-reference><span>使用泛化调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedprotobuf-idl-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedprotobuf-idl-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedprotobuf-idl-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/protobuf-idl/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedprotobuf-idl><span>Protobuf</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedpb-generic-reference-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedpb-generic-reference-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedpb-generic-reference-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/pb-generic-reference/ title="GoogleProtobuf 对象泛化调用" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedpb-generic-reference><span>Protobuf 泛化调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgeneric-service-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgeneric-service-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgeneric-service-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/generic-service/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgeneric-service><span>实现泛化调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedecho-service-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedecho-service-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedecho-service-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/echo-service/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedecho-service><span>回声测试</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedcontext-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedcontext-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedcontext-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/context/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedcontext><span>上下文信息</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedattachment-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedattachment-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedattachment-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/attachment/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedattachment><span>隐式参数</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedasync-call-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedasync-call-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedasync-call-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/async-call/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedasync-call><span>异步调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedasync-execute-on-provider-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedasync-execute-on-provider-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedasync-execute-on-provider-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/async-execute-on-provider/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedasync-execute-on-provider><span>异步执行</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-call-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-call-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-call-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/local-call/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-call><span>本地调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedcallback-parameter-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedcallback-parameter-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedcallback-parameter-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/callback-parameter/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedcallback-parameter><span>参数回调</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedauth-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedauth-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedauth-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/auth/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedauth><span>服务鉴权</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedevents-notify-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedevents-notify-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedevents-notify-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/events-notify/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedevents-notify><span>事件通知</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-stub-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-stub-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-stub-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/local-stub/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-stub><span>本地存根</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-mock-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-mock-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-mock-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/local-mock/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlocal-mock><span>本地伪装</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvanceddelay-publish-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvanceddelay-publish-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvanceddelay-publish-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/delay-publish/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvanceddelay-publish><span>延迟暴露</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconcurrency-control-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconcurrency-control-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconcurrency-control-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/concurrency-control/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconcurrency-control><span>并发控制</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-connections-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-connections-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-connections-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/config-connections/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-connections><span>连接控制</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlazy-connect-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlazy-connect-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlazy-connect-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/lazy-connect/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlazy-connect><span>延迟连接</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedstickiness-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedstickiness-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedstickiness-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/stickiness/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedstickiness><span>粘滞连接</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedtls-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedtls-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedtls-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/tls/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedtls><span>TLS</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedtoken-authorization-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedtoken-authorization-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedtoken-authorization-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/token-authorization/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedtoken-authorization><span>令牌验证</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedrouting-rule-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedrouting-rule-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedrouting-rule-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/routing-rule/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedrouting-rule><span>路由规则</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedrouting-rule-deprecated-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedrouting-rule-deprecated-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedrouting-rule-deprecated-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/routing-rule-deprecated/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedrouting-rule-deprecated><span>旧路由规则</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-rule-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-rule-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-rule-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/config-rule/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-rule><span>配置规则</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedservice-downgrade-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedservice-downgrade-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedservice-downgrade-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/service-downgrade/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedservice-downgrade><span>服务降级</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-rule-deprecated-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-rule-deprecated-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-rule-deprecated-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/config-rule-deprecated/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconfig-rule-deprecated><span>旧配置规则</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconsumer-threadpool-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconsumer-threadpool-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconsumer-threadpool-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/consumer-threadpool/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedconsumer-threadpool><span>消费端线程池模型</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgraceful-shutdown-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgraceful-shutdown-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgraceful-shutdown-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/graceful-shutdown/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedgraceful-shutdown><span>优雅停机</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedhostname-binding-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedhostname-binding-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedhostname-binding-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/hostname-binding/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedhostname-binding><span>主机绑定</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedset-host-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedset-host-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedset-host-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/set-host/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedset-host><span>主机配置</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedsimplify-registry-data-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedsimplify-registry-data-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedsimplify-registry-data-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/simplify-registry-data/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedsimplify-registry-data><span>注册信息简化</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlogger-strategy-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlogger-strategy-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlogger-strategy-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/logger-strategy/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedlogger-strategy><span>日志适配</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedaccesslog-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedaccesslog-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedaccesslog-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/accesslog/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedaccesslog><span>访问日志</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedservice-container-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedservice-container-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsadvancedservice-container-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/advanced/service-container/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsadvancedservice-container><span>服务容器</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsmigration-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsmigration-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsmigration-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/migration/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsmigration><span>升级与兼容性</span></a></label><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-and-compatibility-guide-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-and-compatibility-guide-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-and-compatibility-guide-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/migration/migration-and-compatibility-guide/ title="3.x 升级与兼容性指南" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-and-compatibility-guide><span>总结</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-service-discovery-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-service-discovery-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-service-discovery-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/migration/migration-service-discovery/ title=应用级地址发现迁移指南 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-service-discovery><span>应用级地址发现</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-triple-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-triple-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-triple-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/migration/migration-triple/ title=Triple协议迁移指南 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-triple><span>Triple</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-routingrule-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-routingrule-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-routingrule-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/migration/migration-routingrule/ title=统一路由规则升级指南 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsmigrationmigration-routingrule><span>路由规则</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguages-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguages-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguages-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/ title=多语言实现 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguages><span>多语言</span></a></label><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlang-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlang-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlang-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/erlang/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlang><span>Erlang</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangquick-start-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangquick-start-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangquick-start-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/erlang/quick-start/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangquick-start><span>快速开始</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangreference-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangreference-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangreference-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/erlang/reference/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangreference><span>消费者配置</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangservice-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangservice-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangservice-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/erlang/service/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangservice><span>提供者配置</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangserialization-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangserialization-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangserialization-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/erlang/serialization/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguageserlangserialization><span>序列化配置项</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolang-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolang-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolang-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolang><span>golang</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangquick-start-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangquick-start-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangquick-start-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/quick-start/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangquick-start><span>Go 快速开始</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolanggo-specific-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolanggo-specific-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolanggo-specific-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/go-specific/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolanggo-specific><span>Go 语言定义服务</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-1.5/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15><span>Dubbo-go 1.5</span></a></label><ul class="ul-4 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15configurationclient-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15configurationclient-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15configurationclient-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-1.5/configuration/client/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15configurationclient><span>client</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15configurationprovider-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15configurationprovider-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15configurationprovider-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-1.5/configuration/provider/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15configurationprovider><span>service providers</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15quick-start-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15quick-start-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15quick-start-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-1.5/quick-start/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-15quick-start><span>快速开始</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30><span>Dubbo-go 3.0</span></a></label><ul class="ul-4 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samples-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samples-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samples-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samples><span>高级使用</span></a></label><ul class="ul-5 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplescustom-filter-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplescustom-filter-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplescustom-filter-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/custom-filter/ title="Dubbo-go 3.0 自定义filter" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplescustom-filter><span>Filter</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesgo_java_interactive-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesgo_java_interactive-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesgo_java_interactive-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/go_java_interactive/ title="go-java 3.0 互通示例" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesgo_java_interactive><span>Go-Java 互通</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesmetrics-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesmetrics-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesmetrics-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/metrics/ title="Dubbo-go 数据上报" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesmetrics><span>Metrics 数据上报</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplessamples_repo-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplessamples_repo-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplessamples_repo-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/samples_repo/ title="dubbo-go 3.0 示例仓库" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplessamples_repo><span>Samples 仓库介绍</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesexception_response-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesexception_response-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesexception_response-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/exception_response/ title="Dubbo-go 3.0 异常回传" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesexception_response><span>Triple 异常回传</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesgeneric-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesgeneric-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesgeneric-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/generic/ title="Dubbo-go 泛化调用" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesgeneric><span>泛化调用</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesmesh_router-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesmesh_router-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesmesh_router-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/mesh_router/ title="Dubbo-go v3 统一路由规则" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesmesh_router><span>路由规则</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesconfig-center-dynamic-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesconfig-center-dynamic-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesconfig-center-dynamic-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/config-center-dynamic/ title="Dubbo-go 3.0 动态配置" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesconfig-center-dynamic><span>配置中心和配置监听</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesstart-check-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesstart-check-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesstart-check-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/start-check/ title="Dubbo-go 3.0 启动时检查" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesstart-check><span>启动时检查</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplescustom-logger-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplescustom-logger-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplescustom-logger-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/custom-logger/ title="Dubbo-go 3.0 自定义日志" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplescustom-logger><span>日志</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesservice-discovery-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesservice-discovery-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesservice-discovery-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/service-discovery/ title="Dubbo-go 3.0 应用级服务发现" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesservice-discovery><span>应用级服务发现</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesregistry-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesregistry-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesregistry-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/samples/registry/ title="Dubbo-go 3.0 注册中心" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30samplesregistry><span>注册中心</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30concept-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30concept-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30concept-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/concept/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30concept><span>基本概念</span></a></label><ul class="ul-5 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptapp_and_interface-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptapp_and_interface-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptapp_and_interface-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/concept/app_and_interface/ title="Dubbo-go 的应用和接口" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptapp_and_interface><span>服务层级</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptconfiguration-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptconfiguration-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptconfiguration-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/concept/configuration/ title=Dubbo-go的配置 class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptconfiguration><span>框架配置</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptprotocol-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptprotocol-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptprotocol-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/concept/protocol/ title="Dubbo-go 的网络协议" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptprotocol><span>网络协议</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptregistry-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptregistry-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptregistry-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/concept/registry/ title="Dubbo-go 的注册中心" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30conceptregistry><span>注册中心</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30preface-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30preface-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30preface-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/preface/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30preface><span>简介</span></a></label><ul class="ul-5 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30preface30_feature-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30preface30_feature-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30preface30_feature-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/preface/3.0_feature/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30preface30_feature><span>dubbo-go 3.0 新特性</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30prefacearchitecture-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30prefacearchitecture-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30prefacearchitecture-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/preface/architecture/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30prefacearchitecture><span>架构</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30developer-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30developer-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30developer-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/developer/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30developer><span>开发者指南</span></a></label><ul class="ul-5 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30developerdesign-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30developerdesign-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30developerdesign-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/developer/design/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30developerdesign><span>架构设计</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstart-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstart-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstart-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/quickstart/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstart><span>快速开始</span></a></label><ul class="ul-5 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstartquickstart_dubbo-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstartquickstart_dubbo-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstartquickstart_dubbo-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/quickstart/quickstart_dubbo/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstartquickstart_dubbo><span>Dubbo-go 协议快速开始</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstartquickstart_triple-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstartquickstart_triple-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstartquickstart_triple-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/golang/dubbo-go-3.0/quickstart/quickstart_triple/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesgolangdubbo-go-30quickstartquickstart_triple><span>Triple 协议快速开始</span></a></label></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjava-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjava-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjava-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/java/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjava><span>java</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjavajava-specific-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjavajava-specific-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjavajava-specific-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/java/java-specific/ title="Java 语言定义服务" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjavajava-specific><span>Java 定义服务</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjavaquick-start-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjavaquick-start-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjavaquick-start-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/languages/java/quick-start/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocslanguagesjavaquick-start><span>Java 快速开始</span></a></label></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsreferences-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsreferences-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsreferences-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/references/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsreferences><span>参考手册</span></a></label><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesprotobuf-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesprotobuf-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsreferencesprotobuf-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/references/protobuf/ title=Protobuf class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesprotobuf><span>protobuf</span></a></label><ul class="ul-3 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesprotobufidl-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesprotobufidl-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsreferencesprotobufidl-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/references/protobuf/idl/ title="使用 IDL 开发服务" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesprotobufidl><span>idl</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesxml-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesxml-check> |
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| <label for=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisremoting-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/references/spis/remoting/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisremoting><span>网络传输扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisexchanger-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisexchanger-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisexchanger-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/references/spis/exchanger/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisexchanger><span>信息交换扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspispage-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspispage-check> |
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| <label for=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisnetworker-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/references/spis/networker/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisnetworker><span>组网扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspistelnet-handler-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspistelnet-handler-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspistelnet-handler-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/references/spis/telnet-handler/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspistelnet-handler><span>Telnet 命令扩展</span></a></label></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisstatus-checker-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesspisstatus-checker-check> |
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| <label for=m-zh-cndocsreferencesgraalvmsupport-graalvm-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/references/graalvm/support-graalvm/ title="使用 GraalVM 打包 Native Image" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesgraalvmsupport-graalvm><span>Native Image</span></a></label></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesrouters-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesrouters-check> |
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| <label for=m-zh-cndocsreferencesroutersdestination-rule-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/references/routers/destination-rule/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsreferencesroutersdestination-rule><span>DestinationRule</span></a></label></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section with-child" id=m-zh-cndocsperformance-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsperformance-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsperformance-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/performance/ title="性能优化 & 基准测试" class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__section" id=m-zh-cndocsperformance><span>性能优化</span></a></label><ul class="ul-2 foldable"><li class="td-sidebar-nav__section-title td-sidebar-nav__section without-child" id=m-zh-cndocsperformancebenchmarking-li><input type=checkbox id=m-zh-cndocsperformancebenchmarking-check> |
| <label for=m-zh-cndocsperformancebenchmarking-check><a href=/zh-cn/docs/performance/benchmarking/ class="align-left pl-0 td-sidebar-link td-sidebar-link__page" id=m-zh-cndocsperformancebenchmarking><span>基准测试</span></a></label></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></div><main class="col-12 col-md-9 col-xl-8 pl-md-5" role=main><nav aria-label=breadcrumb class=td-breadcrumbs><ol class=breadcrumb><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docs/>文档</a></li><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docs/references/>参考手册</a></li><li class=breadcrumb-item><a href=https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docs/references/spis/>SPI 扩展实现</a></li><li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current=page><a href=https://dubbo.apache.org/zh-cn/docs/references/spis/dubbo-spi/ aria-disabled=true class="btn-link disabled">扩展点开发指南</a></li></ol></nav><div class=td-content><h1>扩展点开发指南</h1><div class=lead>本文介绍了 Dubbo SPI 的原理和实现细节</div><header class=article-meta></header><div class="pageinfo pageinfo-primary"><p>此文档已经不再维护。您当前查看的是快照版本。如果想要查看最新版本的文档，请参阅<a href=/zh-cn/overview/mannual/java-sdk/reference-manual/spi/overview/>最新版本</a>。</p></div><h2 id=1简介>1.简介</h2><p>SPI 全称为 Service Provider Interface，是一种服务发现机制。SPI 的本质是将接口实现类的全限定名配置在文件中，并由服务加载器读取配置文件，加载实现类。这样可以在运行时，动态为接口替换实现类。正因此特性，我们可以很容易的通过 SPI 机制为我们的程序提供拓展功能。SPI 机制在第三方框架中也有所应用，比如 Dubbo 就是通过 SPI 机制加载所有的组件。不过，Dubbo 并未使用 Java 原生的 SPI 机制，而是对其进行了增强，使其能够更好的满足需求。在 Dubbo 中，SPI 是一个非常重要的模块。基于 SPI，我们可以很容易的对 Dubbo 进行拓展。 |
| Dubbo 中，SPI 主要有两种用法，一种是加载固定的扩展类，另一种是加载自适应扩展类。这两种方式会在下面详细的介绍。 |
| 需要特别注意的是: 在 Dubbo 中，基于 SPI 扩展加载的类是单例的。</p><h3 id=11-加载固定的扩展类>1.1 加载固定的扩展类</h3><p>如果让你来设计加载固定扩展类，你会怎么做了？ |
| 一种常见思路是读取特定目录下的配置文件，然后解析出全类名，通过反射机制来实例化这个类，然后将这个类放在集合中存起来，如果有需要的时候，直接从集合中取。Dubbo 中的实现也是这么一个思路。 |
| 不过在 Dubbo 中，实现的更加完善，它实现类了 IOC 和 AOP 的功能。IOC 就是说如果这个扩展类依赖其他属性，Dubbo 会自动的将这个属性进行注入。这个功能如何实现了？一个常见思路是获取这个扩展类的 setter |
| 方法，调用 setter 方法进行属性注入。AOP 指的是什么了？这个说的是 Dubbo 能够为扩展类注入其包装类。比如 DubboProtocol 是 Protocol 的扩展类，ProtocolListenerWrapper 是 DubboProtocol 的包装类。</p><h3 id=12-加载自适应扩展类>1.2 加载自适应扩展类</h3><p>先说明下自适应扩展类的使用场景。比如我们有需求，在调用某一个方法时，基于参数选择调用到不同的实现类。和工厂方法有些类似，基于不同的参数，构造出不同的实例对象。 |
| 在 Dubbo 中实现的思路和这个差不多，不过 Dubbo 的实现更加灵活，它的实现和策略模式有些类似。每一种扩展类相当于一种策略，基于 URL 消息总线，将参数传递给 ExtensionLoader，通过 ExtensionLoader 基于参数加载对应的扩展类，实现运行时动态调用到目标实例上。</p><h2 id=2-dubbo-spi-源码分析>2. Dubbo SPI 源码分析</h2><h3 id=21-加载固定的扩展类>2.1 加载固定的扩展类</h3><p>Dubbo 中，SPI 加载固定扩展类的入口是 ExtensionLoader 的 getExtension 方法，下面我们对拓展类对象的获取过程进行详细的分析。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> T <span style=color:#268bd2>getExtension</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>String name<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span> <span style=color:#719e07>||</span> name<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>length<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> 0<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalArgumentException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Extension name == null"</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"true"</span><span style=color:#719e07>.</span>equals<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取默认的拓展实现类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> getDefaultExtension<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// Holder，顾名思义，用于持有目标对象 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> Holder<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Object<span style=color:#719e07>></span> holder <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedInstances<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 这段逻辑保证了只有一个线程能够创建 Holder 对象 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>holder <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedInstances<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>putIfAbsent<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> Holder<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Object<span style=color:#719e07>>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> holder <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedInstances<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Object instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> holder<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 双重检查 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>synchronized</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>holder<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> holder<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 创建拓展实例 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> createExtension<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 设置实例到 holder 中 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> holder<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>set<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> instance<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>上面代码的逻辑比较简单，首先检查缓存，缓存未命中则创建拓展对象。下面我们来看一下创建拓展对象的过程是怎样的。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> T <span style=color:#268bd2>createExtension</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>String name<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>boolean</span> wrap<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 从配置文件中加载所有的拓展类，可得到“配置项名称”到“配置类”的映射关系表 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> clazz <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> getExtensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>().</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果没有该接口的扩展，或者该接口的实现类不允许重复但实际上重复了，直接抛出异常 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span> <span style=color:#719e07>||</span> unacceptableExceptions<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>contains<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> findException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> T instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> EXTENSION_INSTANCES<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 这段代码保证了扩展类只会被构造一次，也就是单例的. |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> EXTENSION_INSTANCES<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>putIfAbsent<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> clazz<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getDeclaredConstructor<span style=color:#719e07>().</span>newInstance<span style=color:#719e07>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> EXTENSION_INSTANCES<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 向实例中注入依赖 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> injectExtension<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果启用包装的话，则自动为进行包装. |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 比如我基于 Protocol 定义了 DubboProtocol 的扩展，但实际上在 Dubbo 中不是直接使用的 DubboProtocol, 而是其包装类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// ProtocolListenerWrapper |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>wrap<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> List<span style=color:#719e07><</span>Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> wrapperClassesList <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> ArrayList<span style=color:#719e07><>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>cachedWrapperClasses <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> wrapperClassesList<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>addAll<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>cachedWrapperClasses<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> wrapperClassesList<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>sort<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>WrapperComparator<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>COMPARATOR<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Collections<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>reverse<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>wrapperClassesList<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 循环创建 Wrapper 实例 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>CollectionUtils<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>isNotEmpty<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>wrapperClassesList<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>for</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> wrapperClass <span style=color:#719e07>:</span> wrapperClassesList<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Wrapper wrapper <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> wrapperClass<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getAnnotation<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Wrapper<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>class<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>wrapper <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>||</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>ArrayUtils<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>contains<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>wrapper<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>matches<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> name<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>&&</span> <span style=color:#719e07>!</span>ArrayUtils<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>contains<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>wrapper<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>mismatches<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> name<span style=color:#719e07>)))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 将当前 instance 作为参数传给 Wrapper 的构造方法，并通过反射创建 Wrapper 实例。 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 然后向 Wrapper 实例中注入依赖，最后将 Wrapper 实例再次赋值给 instance 变量 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> injectExtension<span style=color:#719e07>((</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> wrapperClass<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getConstructor<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>type<span style=color:#719e07>).</span>newInstance<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance<span style=color:#719e07>));</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 初始化 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> initExtension<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> instance<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Throwable t<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Extension instance (name: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> name <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>", class: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> type <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>") couldn't be instantiated: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> t<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getMessage<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> t<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>createExtension 方法的逻辑稍复杂一下，包含了如下的步骤：</p><ol><li>通过 getExtensionClasses 获取所有的拓展类</li><li>通过反射创建拓展对象</li><li>向拓展对象中注入依赖</li><li>将拓展对象包裹在相应的 Wrapper 对象中</li><li>初始化拓展对象</li></ol><p>以上步骤中，第一个步骤是加载拓展类的关键，第三和第四个步骤是 Dubbo IOC 与 AOP 的具体实现。在接下来的章节中，将会重点分析 getExtensionClasses 方法的逻辑，以及简单介绍 Dubbo IOC 的具体实现。</p><h3 id=211-获取所有的拓展类>2.1.1 获取所有的拓展类</h3><p>我们在通过名称获取拓展类之前，首先需要根据配置文件解析出拓展项名称到拓展类的映射关系表（Map<名称, 拓展类>），之后再根据拓展项名称从映射关系表中取出相应的拓展类即可。相关过程的代码分析如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> getExtensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 从缓存中获取已加载的拓展类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> classes <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedClasses<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 双重检查 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>classes <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>synchronized</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>cachedClasses<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> classes <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedClasses<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>classes <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 加载拓展类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> classes <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> loadExtensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedClasses<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>set<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>classes<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> classes<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>这里也是先检查缓存，若缓存未命中，则通过 synchronized 加锁。加锁后再次检查缓存，并判空。此时如果 classes 仍为 null，则通过 loadExtensionClasses 加载拓展类。下面分析 loadExtensionClasses 方法的逻辑。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> loadExtensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 缓存默认的 SPI 扩展名 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> cacheDefaultExtensionName<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> extensionClasses <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> HashMap<span style=color:#719e07><>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 基于策略来加载指定文件夹下的文件 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 目前有四种策略，分别读取 META-INF/services/ META-INF/dubbo/ META-INF/dubbo/internal/ META-INF/dubbo/external/ 这四个目录下的配置文件 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>for</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>LoadingStrategy strategy <span style=color:#719e07>:</span> strategies<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> loadDirectory<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>extensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> strategy<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>directory<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> type<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getName<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> strategy<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>preferExtensionClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> strategy<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>overridden<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> strategy<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>excludedPackages<span style=color:#719e07>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> loadDirectory<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>extensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> strategy<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>directory<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> type<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getName<span style=color:#719e07>().</span>replace<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"org.apache"</span><span style=color:#719e07>,</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>"com.alibaba"</span><span style=color:#719e07>),</span> strategy<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>preferExtensionClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> strategy<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>overridden<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> strategy<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>excludedPackages<span style=color:#719e07>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> extensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>loadExtensionClasses 方法总共做了两件事情，一是对 SPI 注解进行解析，二是调用 loadDirectory 方法加载指定文件夹配置文件。SPI 注解解析过程比较简单，无需多说。下面我们来看一下 loadDirectory 做了哪些事情。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>loadDirectory</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> extensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> String dir<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> String type<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#dc322f>boolean</span> extensionLoaderClassLoaderFirst<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>boolean</span> overridden<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> String<span style=color:#719e07>...</span> excludedPackages<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// fileName = 文件夹路径 + type 全限定名 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> String fileName <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> dir <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> type<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Enumeration<span style=color:#719e07><</span>java<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>net<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>URL<span style=color:#719e07>></span> urls <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ClassLoader classLoader <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> findClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// try to load from ExtensionLoader's ClassLoader first |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>extensionLoaderClassLoaderFirst<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ClassLoader extensionLoaderClassLoader <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> ExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>class<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>ClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getSystemClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> extensionLoaderClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> urls <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> extensionLoaderClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getResources<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>fileName<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 根据文件名加载所有的同名文件 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>urls <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span> <span style=color:#719e07>||</span> <span style=color:#719e07>!</span>urls<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>hasMoreElements<span style=color:#719e07>())</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>classLoader <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> urls <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> classLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getResources<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>fileName<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> urls <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> ClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getSystemResources<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>fileName<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>urls <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>while</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>urls<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>hasMoreElements<span style=color:#719e07>())</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> java<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>net<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>URL resourceURL <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> urls<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>nextElement<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 加载资源 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> loadResource<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>extensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> classLoader<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> resourceURL<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> overridden<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> excludedPackages<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Throwable t<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> logger<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>error<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Exception occurred when loading extension class (interface: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> type <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>", description file: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> fileName <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>")."</span><span style=color:#719e07>,</span> t<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>loadDirectory 方法先通过 classLoader 获取所有资源链接，然后再通过 loadResource 方法加载资源。我们继续跟下去，看一下 loadResource 方法的实现。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>loadResource</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> extensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> ClassLoader classLoader<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> java<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>net<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>URL resourceURL<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>boolean</span> overridden<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> String<span style=color:#719e07>...</span> excludedPackages<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>BufferedReader reader <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> BufferedReader<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#719e07>new</span> InputStreamReader<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>resourceURL<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>openStream<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> StandardCharsets<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>UTF_8<span style=color:#719e07>)))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String line<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String clazz <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 按行读取配置内容 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>while</span> <span style=color:#719e07>((</span>line <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> reader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>readLine<span style=color:#719e07>())</span> <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 定位 # 字符 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#268bd2>final</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>int</span> ci <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>indexOf<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>'#'</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>ci <span style=color:#719e07>>=</span> 0<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 截取 # 之前的字符串，# 之后的内容为注释，需要忽略 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> line <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>substring<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>0<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> ci<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> line <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>trim<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>line<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>length<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>></span> 0<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String name <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 以等于号 = 为界，截取键与值 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#dc322f>int</span> i <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>indexOf<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>'='</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>i <span style=color:#719e07>></span> 0<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> name <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>substring<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>0<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> i<span style=color:#719e07>).</span>trim<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> clazz <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>substring<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>i <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> 1<span style=color:#719e07>).</span>trim<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> clazz <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> line<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 加载类，并通过 loadClass 方法对类进行缓存 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>StringUtils<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>isNotEmpty<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>&&</span> <span style=color:#719e07>!</span>isExcluded<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> excludedPackages<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> loadClass<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>extensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> resourceURL<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>forName<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>true</span><span style=color:#719e07>,</span> classLoader<span style=color:#719e07>),</span> name<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> overridden<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Throwable t<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> IllegalStateException e <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Failed to load extension class (interface: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> type <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>", class line: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> line <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>") in "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> resourceURL <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>", cause: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> t<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getMessage<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> t<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> exceptions<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>put<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>line<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> e<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Throwable t<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> logger<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>error<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Exception occurred when loading extension class (interface: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> type <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>", class file: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> resourceURL <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>") in "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> resourceURL<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> t<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>loadResource 方法用于读取和解析配置文件，并通过反射加载类，最后调用 loadClass 方法进行其他操作。loadClass 方法用于主要用于操作缓存，该方法的逻辑如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>loadClass</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Map<span style=color:#719e07><</span>String<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?>></span> extensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> java<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>net<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>URL resourceURL<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> clazz<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> String name<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#dc322f>boolean</span> overridden<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> NoSuchMethodException <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(!</span>type<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>isAssignableFrom<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Error occurred when loading extension class (interface: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> type <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>", class line: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> clazz<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getName<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>"), class "</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> clazz<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getName<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>" is not subtype of interface."</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 检测目标类上是否有 Adaptive 注解 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>isAnnotationPresent<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Adaptive<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>class<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cacheAdaptiveClass<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> overridden<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>isWrapperClass<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 缓存包装类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> cacheWrapperClass<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 进入到这里，表明只是该类只是一个普通的拓展类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 检测 clazz 是否有默认的构造方法，如果没有，则抛出异常 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> clazz<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getConstructor<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>StringUtils<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>isEmpty<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果 name 为空，则尝试从 Extension 注解中获取 name，或使用小写的类名作为 name |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> name <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> findAnnotationName<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>length<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> 0<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"No such extension name for the class "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> clazz<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getName<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>" in the config "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> resourceURL<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String<span style=color:#719e07>[]</span> names <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> NAME_SEPARATOR<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>split<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>name<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>ArrayUtils<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>isNotEmpty<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>names<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果类上有 Activate 注解，则使用 names 数组的第一个元素作为键， |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 存储 name 到 Activate 注解对象的映射关系 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> cacheActivateClass<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> names<span style=color:#719e07>[</span>0<span style=color:#719e07>]);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>for</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>String n <span style=color:#719e07>:</span> names<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 存储 Class 到名称的映射关系 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> cacheName<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>clazz<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> n<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 存储 name 到 Class 的映射关系. |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果存在同一个扩展名对应多个实现类，基于 override 参数是否允许覆盖，如果不允许，则抛出异常. |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> saveInExtensionClass<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>extensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> clazz<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> n<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> overridden<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>如上，loadClass 方法操作了不同的缓存，比如 cachedAdaptiveClass、cachedWrapperClasses 和 cachedNames 等等。除此之外，该方法没有其他什么逻辑了。</p><p>到此，关于缓存类加载的过程就分析完了。整个过程没什么特别复杂的地方，大家按部就班的分析即可，不懂的地方可以调试一下。接下来，我们来聊聊 Dubbo IOC 方面的内容。</p><h3 id=212-dubbo-ioc>2.1.2 Dubbo IOC</h3><p>Dubbo IOC 是通过 setter 方法注入依赖。Dubbo 首先会通过反射获取到实例的所有方法，然后再遍历方法列表，检测方法名是否具有 setter 方法特征。若有，则通过 ObjectFactory 获取依赖对象，最后通过反射调用 setter 方法将依赖设置到目标对象中。整个过程对应的代码如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> T <span style=color:#268bd2>injectExtension</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>T instance<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>objectFactory <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> instance<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 遍历目标类的所有方法 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>for</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Method method <span style=color:#719e07>:</span> instance<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getClass<span style=color:#719e07>().</span>getMethods<span style=color:#719e07>())</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 检测方法是否以 set 开头，且方法仅有一个参数，且方法访问级别为 public |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(!</span>isSetter<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>continue</span><span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>/** |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75> * 检测是否有 DisableInject 注解修饰. |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75> */</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getAnnotation<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>DisableInject<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>class<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>continue</span><span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 基本类型不注入 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> pt <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> method<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getParameterTypes<span style=color:#719e07>()[</span>0<span style=color:#719e07>];</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>ReflectUtils<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>isPrimitives<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>pt<span style=color:#719e07>))</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>continue</span><span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取属性名，比如 setName 方法对应属性名 name |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> String property <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> getSetterProperty<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 从 ObjectFactory 中获取依赖对象 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> Object object <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> objectFactory<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getExtension<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>pt<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> property<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>object <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 注入 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> method<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>invoke<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> object<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Exception e<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> logger<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>error<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Failed to inject via method "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> method<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getName<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>" of interface "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> type<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getName<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>": "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> e<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getMessage<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> e<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Exception e<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> logger<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>error<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>e<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getMessage<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> e<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> instance<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>在上面代码中，objectFactory 变量的类型为 AdaptiveExtensionFactory，AdaptiveExtensionFactory 内部维护了一个 ExtensionFactory 列表，用于存储其他类型的 ExtensionFactory。Dubbo 目前提供了两种 ExtensionFactory，分别是 SpiExtensionFactory 和 SpringExtensionFactory。前者用于创建自适应的拓展，后者是用于从 Spring 的 IOC 容器中获取所需的拓展。这两个类的类的代码不是很复杂，这里就不一一分析了。</p><p>Dubbo IOC 目前仅支持 setter 方式注入，总的来说，逻辑比较简单易懂。</p><h3 id=22-加载自适应扩展类>2.2 加载自适应扩展类</h3><p>自适应扩展类的含义是说，基于参数，在运行时动态选择到具体的目标类，然后执行。 |
| 在 Dubbo 中，很多拓展都是通过 SPI 机制进行加载的，比如 Protocol、Cluster、LoadBalance 等。有时，有些拓展并不想在框架启动阶段被加载，而是希望在拓展方法被调用时，根据运行时参数进行加载。这听起来有些矛盾。拓展未被加载，那么拓展方法就无法被调用（静态方法除外）。拓展方法未被调用，拓展就无法被加载。对于这个矛盾的问题，Dubbo 通过自适应拓展机制很好的解决了。自适应拓展机制的实现逻辑比较复杂，首先 Dubbo 会为拓展接口生成具有代理功能的代码。然后通过 javassist 或 jdk 编译这段代码，得到 Class 类。最后再通过反射创建代理类，整个过程比较复杂。</p><p>加载自适应扩展类的入口是 ExtensionLoader 的 getAdaptiveExtension 方法。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> T <span style=color:#268bd2>getAdaptiveExtension</span><span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 从缓存中获取自适应拓展 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> Object instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedAdaptiveInstance<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果存在异常，则直接抛出 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>createAdaptiveInstanceError <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Failed to create adaptive instance: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> createAdaptiveInstanceError<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>toString<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> createAdaptiveInstanceError<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>synchronized</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>cachedAdaptiveInstance<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> cachedAdaptiveInstance<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>get<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// double check |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 创建自适应拓展 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 这里分为两种情况：一种是存在 Adaptive 类，另一个是需要生成 Adaptive 类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> instance <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> createAdaptiveExtension<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> cachedAdaptiveInstance<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>set<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>instance<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Throwable t<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> createAdaptiveInstanceError <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> t<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Failed to create adaptive instance: "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> t<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>toString<span style=color:#719e07>(),</span> t<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> instance<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>getAdaptiveExtension 方法首先会检查缓存，缓存未命中，则调用 createAdaptiveExtension 方法创建自适应拓展。下面，我们看一下 createAdaptiveExtension 方法的代码。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> T <span style=color:#268bd2>createAdaptiveExtension</span><span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>try</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取自适应拓展类，并通过反射实例化 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> injectExtension<span style=color:#719e07>((</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> getAdaptiveExtensionClass<span style=color:#719e07>().</span>newInstance<span style=color:#719e07>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>catch</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Exception e<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"Can not create adaptive extension ..."</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>createAdaptiveExtension 方法的代码比较少，但却包含了三个逻辑，分别如下：</p><ol><li>调用 getAdaptiveExtensionClass 方法获取自适应拓展 Class 对象</li><li>通过反射进行实例化</li><li>调用 injectExtension 方法向拓展实例中注入依赖</li></ol><p>前两个逻辑比较好理解，第三个逻辑用于向自适应拓展对象中注入依赖。这个逻辑看似多余，但有存在的必要，这里简单说明一下。前面说过，Dubbo 中有两种类型的自适应拓展，一种是手工编码的，一种是自动生成的。手工编码的自适应拓展中可能存在着一些依赖，而自动生成的 Adaptive 拓展则不会依赖其他类。这里调用 injectExtension 方法的目的是为手工编码的自适应拓展注入依赖，这一点需要大家注意一下。关于 injectExtension 方法，前文已经分析过了，这里不再赘述。接下来，分析 getAdaptiveExtensionClass 方法的逻辑。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> getAdaptiveExtensionClass<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 通过 SPI 获取所有的拓展类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> getExtensionClasses<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 检查缓存，若缓存不为空，则直接返回缓存 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>cachedAdaptiveClass <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> cachedAdaptiveClass<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 创建自适应拓展类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> cachedAdaptiveClass <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> createAdaptiveExtensionClass<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>getAdaptiveExtensionClass 方法同样包含了三个逻辑，如下：</p><ol><li>调用 getExtensionClasses 获取所有的拓展类</li><li>检查缓存，若缓存不为空，则返回缓存</li><li>若缓存为空，则调用 createAdaptiveExtensionClass 创建自适应拓展类</li></ol><p>这三个逻辑看起来平淡无奇，似乎没有多讲的必要。但是这些平淡无奇的代码中隐藏了着一些细节，需要说明一下。首先从第一个逻辑说起，getExtensionClasses 这个方法用于获取某个接口的所有实现类。比如该方法可以获取 Protocol 接口的 DubboProtocol、HttpProtocol、InjvmProtocol 等实现类。在获取实现类的过程中，如果某个实现类被 Adaptive 注解修饰了，那么该类就会被赋值给 cachedAdaptiveClass 变量。此时，上面步骤中的第二步条件成立（缓存不为空），直接返回 cachedAdaptiveClass 即可。如果所有的实现类均未被 Adaptive 注解修饰，那么执行第三步逻辑，创建自适应拓展类。相关代码如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> Class<span style=color:#719e07><?></span> createAdaptiveExtensionClass<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 构建自适应拓展代码 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> String code <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> AdaptiveClassCodeGenerator<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>type<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> cachedDefaultName<span style=color:#719e07>).</span>generate<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ClassLoader classLoader <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> findClassLoader<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取编译器实现类 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> org<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>apache<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>common<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>compiler<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>Compiler compiler <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> ExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>org<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>apache<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>common<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>compiler<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>Compiler<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>class<span style=color:#719e07>).</span>getAdaptiveExtension<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 编译代码，生成 Class |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> compiler<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>compile<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>code<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> classLoader<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>createAdaptiveExtensionClass 方法用于生成自适应拓展类，该方法首先会生成自适应拓展类的源码，然后通过 Compiler 实例（Dubbo 默认使用 javassist 作为编译器）编译源码，得到代理类 Class 实例。接下来，我们把重点放在代理类代码生成的逻辑上，其他逻辑大家自行分析。</p><h3 id=221-自适应拓展类代码生成>2.2.1 自适应拓展类代码生成</h3><p>AdaptiveClassCodeGenerator#generate 方法生成扩展类代码</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> String <span style=color:#268bd2>generate</span><span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果该接口中没有方法被 @Adaptive 注解修饰，直接抛出异常 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(!</span>hasAdaptiveMethod<span style=color:#719e07>())</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"No adaptive method exist on extension "</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> type<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getName<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>", refuse to create the adaptive class!"</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> StringBuilder code <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> StringBuilder<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 生成包名、import、方法等. |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generatePackageInfo<span style=color:#719e07>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateImports<span style=color:#719e07>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateClassDeclaration<span style=color:#719e07>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Method<span style=color:#719e07>[]</span> methods <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> type<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getMethods<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>for</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Method method <span style=color:#719e07>:</span> methods<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateMethod<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>));</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"}"</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>logger<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>isDebugEnabled<span style=color:#719e07>())</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> logger<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>debug<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>toString<span style=color:#719e07>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>toString<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id=222-生成方法>2.2.2 生成方法</h4><p>上面代码中，生成方法的逻辑是最关键的，我们详细分析下。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> String <span style=color:#268bd2>generateMethod</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Method method<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String methodReturnType <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> method<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getReturnType<span style=color:#719e07>().</span>getCanonicalName<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String methodName <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> method<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getName<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 生成方法内容 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> String methodContent <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> generateMethodContent<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String methodArgs <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> generateMethodArguments<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> String methodThrows <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> generateMethodThrows<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> String<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>format<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>CODE_METHOD_DECLARATION<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> methodReturnType<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> methodName<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> methodArgs<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> methodThrows<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> methodContent<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>generateMethodContent 分析</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>private</span> String <span style=color:#268bd2>generateMethodContent</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Method method<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 该方法上必须有 @Adaptive 注解修饰 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> Adaptive adaptiveAnnotation <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> method<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getAnnotation<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Adaptive<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>class<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> StringBuilder code <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> StringBuilder<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>512<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>adaptiveAnnotation <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 没有 @Adaptive 注解修饰，生成异常信息 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> generateUnsupported<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取 URL 在参数列表上的索引 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#dc322f>int</span> urlTypeIndex <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> getUrlTypeIndex<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>urlTypeIndex <span style=color:#719e07>!=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>-</span>1<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果参数列表上存在 URL，生成对 URL 进行空检查 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateUrlNullCheck<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>urlTypeIndex<span style=color:#719e07>));</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> <span style=color:#719e07>else</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果参数列表不存在 URL 类型的参数，那么就看参数列表上参数对象中是否包含 getUrl 方法 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 有的话，生成 URL 空检查 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateUrlAssignmentIndirectly<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>));</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 解析 Adaptive 注解上的 value 属性 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> String<span style=color:#719e07>[]</span> value <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> getMethodAdaptiveValue<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>adaptiveAnnotation<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 如果参数列表上有 Invocation 类型的参数，生成空检查并获取 methodName. |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#dc322f>boolean</span> hasInvocation <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> hasInvocationArgument<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateInvocationArgumentNullCheck<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>));</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 这段逻辑主要就是为了生成 extName(也就是扩展名) |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 分为多种情况： |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 1.defaultExtName 是否存在 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 2.参数中是否存在 invocation 类型参数 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 3.是否是为 protocol 生成代理 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 为什么要对 protocol 单独考虑了？因为 URL 中有获取 protocol 值的方法 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateExtNameAssignment<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>value<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> hasInvocation<span style=color:#719e07>));</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// check extName == null? |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateExtNameNullCheck<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>value<span style=color:#719e07>));</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 生成获取扩展(使用 ExtensionLoader.getExtension 方法) |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateExtensionAssignment<span style=color:#719e07>());</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 生成返回语句 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>append<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>generateReturnAndInvocation<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>method<span style=color:#719e07>));</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> code<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>toString<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>上面那段逻辑主要做了如下几件事： |
| 1.检查方法上是否 Adaptive 注解修饰 |
| 2.为方法生成代码的时候，参数列表上要有 URL(或参数对象中有 URL) |
| 3.使用 ExtensionLoader.getExtension 获取扩展 |
| 4.执行对应的方法</p><h3 id=223-附一个动态生成代码后的例子>2.2.3 附一个动态生成代码后的例子</h3><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>package</span> org.apache.dubbo.common.extension.adaptive<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>import</span> org.apache.dubbo.common.extension.ExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>class</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>HasAdaptiveExt$Adaptive</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>implements</span> org<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>apache<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>common<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>extension<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>adaptive<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>HasAdaptiveExt <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> java<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>lang<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>String <span style=color:#268bd2>echo</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>org<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>apache<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>common<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>URL arg0<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> java<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>lang<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>String arg1<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// URL 空校验 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>arg0 <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalArgumentException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"url == null"</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> org<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>apache<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>common<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>URL url <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> arg0<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取扩展名 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> String extName <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> url<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getParameter<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"has.adaptive.ext"</span><span style=color:#719e07>,</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>"adaptive"</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 扩展名空校验 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>if</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>extName <span style=color:#719e07>==</span> <span style=color:#cb4b16>null</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>throw</span> <span style=color:#719e07>new</span> IllegalStateException<span style=color:#719e07>(</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#2aa198>"Failed to get extension (org.apache.dubbo.common.extension.adaptive.HasAdaptiveExt) name from url ("</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> url<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>toString<span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>+</span> <span style=color:#2aa198>") use keys([has.adaptive.ext])"</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 获取扩展 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> org<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>apache<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>common<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>extension<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>adaptive<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>HasAdaptiveExt extension <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> <span style=color:#719e07>(</span>org<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>apache<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>common<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>extension<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>adaptive<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>HasAdaptiveExt<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> ExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>org<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>apache<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>dubbo<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>common<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>extension<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>adaptive<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>HasAdaptiveExt<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>class<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getExtension<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>extName<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#586e75>// 执行对应的方法 |
| </span></span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#586e75></span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> extension<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>echo<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>arg0<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> arg1<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id=3spi-扩展示例>3.SPI 扩展示例</h2><h3 id=31--加载固定扩展类>3.1 加载固定扩展类</h3><h3 id=311-编写-spi-接口及实现类>3.1.1 编写 SPI 接口及实现类</h3><p>不管是 Java SPI，还是 Dubbo 中实现的 SPI，都需要编写接口。不过 Dubbo 中的接口需要被 @SPI 注解修饰。</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>@SPI</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>interface</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>DemoSpi</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>say</span><span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>class</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>DemoSpiImpl</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>implements</span> DemoSpi <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>say</span><span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id=312-将实现类放在特定目录下>3.1.2 将实现类放在特定目录下</h4><p>从上面的代码可知，dubbo 在加载扩展类的时候，会从四个目录中读取。我们在 META-INF/dubbo 目录下新建一个以 DemoSpi 接口名为文件名的文件，内容如下：</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-text data-lang=text><span style=display:flex><span>demoSpiImpl = com.xxx.xxx.DemoSpiImpl(为 DemoSpi 接口实现类的全类名) |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id=313-使用>3.1.3 使用</h4><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>class</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>DubboSPITest</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Test</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>sayHello</span><span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> Exception <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07><</span>DemoSpi<span style=color:#719e07>></span> extensionLoader <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> ExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>DemoSpi<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>class<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> DemoSpi dmeoSpi <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> extensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getExtension<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"demoSpiImpl"</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> optimusPrime<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>sayHello<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id=32-加载自适应扩展类>3.2 加载自适应扩展类</h3><p>这个以 Protocol 为例进行说明</p><h3 id=321-protocol-接口抽取部分核心方法>3.2.1 Protocol 接口(抽取部分核心方法)</h3><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>@SPI</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"dubbo"</span><span style=color:#719e07>)</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>interface</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>Protocol</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Adaptive</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> Exporter<span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> <span style=color:#268bd2>export</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Invoker<span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> invoker<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> RpcException<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Adaptive</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> Invoker<span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> <span style=color:#268bd2>refer</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Class<span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> type<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> URL url<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> RpcException<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>class</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>DubboProtocol</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>extends</span> AbstractProtocol <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>......</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Override</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> Invoker<span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> <span style=color:#268bd2>refer</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Class<span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> type<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> URL url<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> RpcException <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> protocolBindingRefer<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>type<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> url<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Override</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> Exporter<span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> <span style=color:#268bd2>export</span><span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Invoker<span style=color:#719e07><</span>T<span style=color:#719e07>></span> invoker<span style=color:#719e07>)</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> RpcException <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>......</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>return</span> exporter<span style=color:#719e07>;</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id=322-将实现类放在特定目录下>3.2.2 将实现类放在特定目录下</h3><p>在 dubbo 中，该配置路径 META-INF/dubbo/internal/org.apache.dubbo.rpc.Protocol</p><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-text data-lang=text><span style=display:flex><span>dubbo=org.apache.dubbo.rpc.protocol.dubbo.DubboProtocol |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><p>需要说明一点的是，在 dubbo 中，并不是直接使用 DubboProtocol 的，而是使用的是其包装类。</p><h3 id=323-使用>3.2.3 使用</h3><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 style=color:#93a1a1;background-color:#002b36;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4><code class=language-java data-lang=java><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>class</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>DubboAdaptiveTest</span> <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>@Test</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#268bd2>public</span> <span style=color:#dc322f>void</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>sayHello</span><span style=color:#719e07>()</span> <span style=color:#268bd2>throws</span> Exception <span style=color:#719e07>{</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> URL url <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> URL<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>valueOf<span style=color:#719e07>(</span><span style=color:#2aa198>"dubbo://localhost/test"</span><span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> Protocol adaptiveProtocol <span style=color:#719e07>=</span> ExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>getExtensionLoader<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>Protocol<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>class<span style=color:#719e07>).</span>getAdaptiveExtension<span style=color:#719e07>();</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> adaptiveProtocol<span style=color:#719e07>.</span>refer<span style=color:#719e07>(</span>type<span style=color:#719e07>,</span> url<span style=color:#719e07>);</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span> <span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span><span style=display:flex><span><span style=color:#719e07>}</span> |
| </span></span></code></pre></div><div id=pre-footer><h2>反馈</h2><p class=feedback--prompt>此页是否对您有帮助？</p><button class="btn btn-primary mb-4 feedback--yes">是</button> |
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| <a href=https://github.com/apache/dubbo/issues/new target=_blank><i class="fas fa-tasks fa-fw"></i> 提交项目问题</a></div><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><a href=#1简介>1.简介</a><ul><li><a href=#11-加载固定的扩展类>1.1 加载固定的扩展类</a></li><li><a href=#12-加载自适应扩展类>1.2 加载自适应扩展类</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#2-dubbo-spi-源码分析>2. Dubbo SPI 源码分析</a><ul><li><a href=#21-加载固定的扩展类>2.1 加载固定的扩展类</a></li><li><a href=#211-获取所有的拓展类>2.1.1 获取所有的拓展类</a></li><li><a href=#212-dubbo-ioc>2.1.2 Dubbo IOC</a></li><li><a href=#22-加载自适应扩展类>2.2 加载自适应扩展类</a></li><li><a href=#221-自适应拓展类代码生成>2.2.1 自适应拓展类代码生成</a></li><li><a href=#223-附一个动态生成代码后的例子>2.2.3 附一个动态生成代码后的例子</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#3spi-扩展示例>3.SPI 扩展示例</a><ul><li><a href=#31--加载固定扩展类>3.1 加载固定扩展类</a></li><li><a href=#311-编写-spi-接口及实现类>3.1.1 编写 SPI 接口及实现类</a></li><li><a href=#32-加载自适应扩展类>3.2 加载自适应扩展类</a></li><li><a href=#321-protocol-接口抽取部分核心方法>3.2.1 Protocol 接口(抽取部分核心方法)</a></li><li><a href=#322-将实现类放在特定目录下>3.2.2 将实现类放在特定目录下</a></li><li><a href=#323-使用>3.2.3 使用</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></div></div></div><footer class="bg-dark py-5 row d-print-none footer-margin-0"><div class="container-fluid mx-sm-5"><div class=row><div class="col-6 col-sm-4 text-xs-center order-sm-2"><ul class="list-inline mb-0"><li class="list-inline-item mx-2 h3" data-toggle=tooltip data-placement=top title="Dubbo mailing list archive" aria-label="Dubbo mailing list archive"><a class=text-white target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" href=https://lists.apache.org/list.html?dev@dubbo.apache.org><i class="fa fa-envelope"></i></a></li></ul></div><div class="col-6 col-sm-4 text-right text-xs-center order-sm-3"><ul class="list-inline mb-0"><li class="list-inline-item mx-2 h3" data-toggle=tooltip data-placement=top title=GitHub aria-label=GitHub><a class=text-white target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" href=https://github.com/apache/dubbo><i class="fab fa-github"></i></a></li><li class="list-inline-item mx-2 h3" data-toggle=tooltip data-placement=top title="Subscribe to mailing list" aria-label="Subscribe to mailing list"><a class=text-white target=_blank rel="noopener noreferrer" href=mailto:dev-subscribe@dubbo.apache.org><i class="fa fa-envelope"></i></a></li></ul></div><div class="col-12 col-sm-4 text-center py-2 order-sm-2"><small class=text-white>© 2023 The Apache Software Foundation. Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. 保留所有权利</small></div></div></div></footer><div class="row pt-2 pb-2 footer-margin-0"><div class="container-fluid mx-sm-5"><div class=text-center id=my-footer><img style=float:left alt=apache_logo src=/imgs/apache_logo.png><ul><li><a href=https://www.apache.org>Foundation</a></li><li><a href=https://www.apache.org/licenses/>License</a></li><li><a href=https://www.apache.org/security/>Security</a></li><li><a href=https://www.apache.org/events/current-event>Events</a></li><li><a href=https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html>Sponsorship</a></li><li><a href=https://privacy.apache.org/policies/privacy-policy-public.html>Privacy</a></li><li><a href=https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html>Thanks</a></li></ul></div></div></div><script src=/js/popper.min.js integrity=sha384-ZMP7rVo3mIykV+2+9J3UJ46jBk0WLaUAdn689aCwoqbBJiSnjAK/l8WvCWPIPm49 crossorigin=anonymous></script> |
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