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| |
| <h1 id="orc-extension">ORC Extension</h1> |
| |
| <p>This Apache Druid (incubating) module extends <a href="../../ingestion/hadoop.html">Druid Hadoop based indexing</a> to ingest data directly from offline |
| Apache ORC files. </p> |
| |
| <p>To use this extension, make sure to <a href="../../operations/including-extensions.html">include</a> <code>druid-orc-extensions</code>.</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="orc-hadoop-parser">ORC Hadoop Parser</h2> |
| |
| <p>The <code>inputFormat</code> of <code>inputSpec</code> in <code>ioConfig</code> must be set to <code>"org.apache.orc.mapreduce.OrcInputFormat"</code>.</p> |
| |
| <table><thead> |
| <tr> |
| <th>Field</th> |
| <th>Type</th> |
| <th>Description</th> |
| <th>Required</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead><tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td>type</td> |
| <td>String</td> |
| <td>This should say <code>orc</code></td> |
| <td>yes</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>parseSpec</td> |
| <td>JSON Object</td> |
| <td>Specifies the timestamp and dimensions of the data (<code>timeAndDims</code> and <code>orc</code> format) and a <code>flattenSpec</code> (<code>orc</code> format)</td> |
| <td>yes</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody></table> |
| |
| <p>The parser supports two <code>parseSpec</code> formats: <code>orc</code> and <code>timeAndDims</code>. </p> |
| |
| <p><code>orc</code> supports auto field discovery and flattening, if specified with a <a href="../../ingestion/flatten-json.html">flattenSpec</a>. |
| If no <code>flattenSpec</code> is specified, <code>useFieldDiscovery</code> will be enabled by default. Specifying a <code>dimensionSpec</code> is |
| optional if <code>useFieldDiscovery</code> is enabled: if a <code>dimensionSpec</code> is supplied, the list of <code>dimensions</code> it defines will be |
| the set of ingested dimensions, if missing the discovered fields will make up the list.</p> |
| |
| <p><code>timeAndDims</code> parse spec must specify which fields will be extracted as dimensions through the <code>dimensionSpec</code>.</p> |
| |
| <p><a href="https://orc.apache.org/docs/types.html">All column types</a> are supported, with the exception of <code>union</code> types. Columns of |
| <code>list</code> type, if filled with primitives, may be used as a multi-value dimension, or specific elements can be extracted with |
| <code>flattenSpec</code> expressions. Likewise, primitive fields may be extracted from <code>map</code> and <code>struct</code> types in the same manner. |
| Auto field discovery will automatically create a string dimension for every (non-timestamp) primitive or <code>list</code> of |
| primitives, as well as any flatten expressions defined in the <code>flattenSpec</code>.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="hadoop-job-properties">Hadoop Job Properties</h3> |
| |
| <p>Like most Hadoop jobs, the best outcomes will add <code>"mapreduce.job.user.classpath.first": "true"</code> or |
| <code>"mapreduce.job.classloader": "true"</code> to the <code>jobProperties</code> section of <code>tuningConfig</code>. Note that it is likely if using |
| <code>"mapreduce.job.classloader": "true"</code> that you will need to set <code>mapreduce.job.classloader.system.classes</code> to include |
| <code>-org.apache.hadoop.hive.</code> to instruct Hadoop to load <code>org.apache.hadoop.hive</code> classes from the application jars instead |
| of system jars, e.g.</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-json" data-lang="json"><span></span><span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="s2">"mapreduce.job.classloader"</span><span class="err">:</span> <span class="s2">"true"</span><span class="err">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"mapreduce.job.classloader.system.classes"</span> <span class="err">:</span> <span class="s2">"java., javax.accessibility., javax.activation., javax.activity., javax.annotation., javax.annotation.processing., javax.crypto., javax.imageio., javax.jws., javax.lang.model., -javax.management.j2ee., javax.management., javax.naming., javax.net., javax.print., javax.rmi., javax.script., -javax.security.auth.message., javax.security.auth., javax.security.cert., javax.security.sasl., javax.sound., javax.sql., javax.swing., javax.tools., javax.transaction., -javax.xml.registry., -javax.xml.rpc., javax.xml., org.w3c.dom., org.xml.sax., org.apache.commons.logging., org.apache.log4j., -org.apache.hadoop.hbase., -org.apache.hadoop.hive., org.apache.hadoop., core-default.xml, hdfs-default.xml, mapred-default.xml, yarn-default.xml"</span><span class="err">,</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p>This is due to the <code>hive-storage-api</code> dependency of the |
| <code>orc-mapreduce</code> library, which provides some classes under the <code>org.apache.hadoop.hive</code> package. If instead using the |
| setting <code>"mapreduce.job.user.classpath.first": "true"</code>, then this will not be an issue.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="examples">Examples</h3> |
| |
| <h4 id="orc-parser-orc-parsespec-auto-field-discovery-flatten-expressions"><code>orc</code> parser, <code>orc</code> parseSpec, auto field discovery, flatten expressions</h4> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-json" data-lang="json"><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"index_hadoop"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"spec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"ioConfig"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"hadoop"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"inputSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"static"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"inputFormat"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"org.apache.orc.mapreduce.OrcInputFormat"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"paths"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path/to/file.orc"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dataSchema"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dataSource"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"example"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"parser"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"orc"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"parseSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"format"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"orc"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"flattenSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"useFieldDiscovery"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"fields"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"nestedDim"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"expr"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$.nestedData.dim1"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"listDimFirstItem"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"expr"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$.listDim[1]"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"timestampSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"column"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"timestamp"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"format"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"millis"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"tuningConfig"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="err"><hadoop-tuning-config></span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="err">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <h4 id="orc-parser-orc-parsespec-field-discovery-with-no-flattenspec-or-dimensionspec"><code>orc</code> parser, <code>orc</code> parseSpec, field discovery with no flattenSpec or dimensionSpec</h4> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-json" data-lang="json"><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"index_hadoop"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"spec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"ioConfig"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"hadoop"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"inputSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"static"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"inputFormat"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"org.apache.orc.mapreduce.OrcInputFormat"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"paths"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path/to/file.orc"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dataSchema"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dataSource"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"example"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"parser"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"orc"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"parseSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"format"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"orc"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"timestampSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"column"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"timestamp"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"format"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"millis"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"tuningConfig"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="err"><hadoop-tuning-config></span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="err">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <h4 id="orc-parser-orc-parsespec-no-autodiscovery"><code>orc</code> parser, <code>orc</code> parseSpec, no autodiscovery</h4> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-json" data-lang="json"><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"index_hadoop"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"spec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"ioConfig"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"hadoop"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"inputSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"static"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"inputFormat"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"org.apache.orc.mapreduce.OrcInputFormat"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"paths"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path/to/file.orc"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dataSchema"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dataSource"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"example"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"parser"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"orc"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"parseSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"format"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"orc"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"flattenSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"useFieldDiscovery"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"fields"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"nestedDim"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"expr"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$.nestedData.dim1"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"listDimFirstItem"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"expr"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$.listDim[1]"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"timestampSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"column"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"timestamp"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"format"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"millis"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dimensionsSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dimensions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="s2">"dim1"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"dim3"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"nestedDim"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"listDimFirstItem"</span> |
| <span class="p">],</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dimensionExclusions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span> |
| <span class="nt">"spatialDimensions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[]</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"tuningConfig"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="err"><hadoop-tuning-config></span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="err">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <h4 id="orc-parser-timeanddims-parsespec"><code>orc</code> parser, <code>timeAndDims</code> parseSpec</h4> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-json" data-lang="json"><span></span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"index_hadoop"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"spec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"ioConfig"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"hadoop"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"inputSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"static"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"inputFormat"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"org.apache.orc.mapreduce.OrcInputFormat"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"paths"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path/to/file.orc"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dataSchema"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dataSource"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"example"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"parser"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"orc"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"parseSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"format"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"timeAndDims"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"timestampSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"column"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"timestamp"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"format"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"auto"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dimensionsSpec"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dimensions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="s2">"dim1"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"dim2"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"dim3"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="s2">"listDim"</span> |
| <span class="p">],</span> |
| <span class="nt">"dimensionExclusions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span> |
| <span class="nt">"spatialDimensions"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[]</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="nt">"tuningConfig"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="err"><hadoop-tuning-config></span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <h3 id="migration-from-contrib-extension">Migration from 'contrib' extension</h3> |
| |
| <p>This extension, first available in version 0.15.0, replaces the previous 'contrib' extension which was available until |
| 0.14.0-incubating. While this extension can index any data the 'contrib' extension could, the json spec for the |
| ingestion task is <em>incompatible</em>, and will need modified to work with the newer 'core' extension. </p> |
| |
| <p>To migrate to 0.15.0+:</p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| <li>In <code>inputSpec</code> of <code>ioConfig</code>, <code>inputFormat</code> must be changed from <code>"org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.orc.OrcNewInputFormat"</code> to |
| <code>"org.apache.orc.mapreduce.OrcInputFormat"</code></li> |
| <li>The 'contrib' extension supported a <code>typeString</code> property, which provided the schema of the |
| ORC file, of which was essentially required to have the types correct, but notably <em>not</em> the column names, which |
| facilitated column renaming. In the 'core' extension, column renaming can be achieved with |
| <a href="../../ingestion/flatten-json.html"><code>flattenSpec</code> expressions</a>. For example, <code>"typeString":"struct<time:string,name:string>"</code> |
| with the actual schema <code>struct<_col0:string,_col1:string></code>, to preserve Druid schema would need replaced with:</li> |
| </ul> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-json" data-lang="json"><span></span><span class="s2">"flattenSpec"</span><span class="err">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"fields"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"time"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"expr"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$._col0"</span> |
| <span class="p">},</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"name"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"expr"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$._col1"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <ul> |
| <li>The 'contrib' extension supported a <code>mapFieldNameFormat</code> property, which provided a way to specify a dimension to |
| flatten <code>OrcMap</code> columns with primitive types. This functionality has also been replaced with |
| <a href="../../ingestion/flatten-json.html"><code>flattenSpec</code> expressions</a>. For example: <code>"mapFieldNameFormat": "<PARENT>_<CHILD>"</code> |
| for a dimension <code>nestedData_dim1</code>, to preserve Druid schema could be replaced with </li> |
| </ul> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-json" data-lang="json"><span></span><span class="s2">"flattenSpec"</span><span class="err">:</span> <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"fields"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="nt">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"path"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"nestedData_dim1"</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="nt">"expr"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">"$.nestedData.dim1"</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="err">...</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
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