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| <blockquote> |
| <p>Apache Druid supports two query languages: <a href="/docs/latest/querying/sql.html">Druid SQL</a> and <a href="/docs/latest/querying/querying.html">native queries</a>. |
| This document describes a query |
| type in the native language. For information about when Druid SQL will use this query type, refer to the |
| <a href="/docs/latest/querying/sql-translation.html#query-types">SQL documentation</a>.</p> |
| </blockquote> |
| <p>These types of queries take a timeseries query object and return an array of JSON objects where each object represents a value asked for by the timeseries query.</p> |
| <p>An example timeseries query object is shown below:</p> |
| <pre><code class="hljs css language-json">{ |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"queryType"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"timeseries"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"dataSource"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_datasource"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"granularity"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"day"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"descending"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"true"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"filter"</span>: { |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"and"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"fields"</span>: [ |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"selector"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"dimension"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_dimension1"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"value"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_value1"</span> }, |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"or"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"fields"</span>: [ |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"selector"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"dimension"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_dimension2"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"value"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_value2"</span> }, |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"selector"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"dimension"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_dimension3"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"value"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_value3"</span> } |
| ] |
| } |
| ] |
| }, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"aggregations"</span>: [ |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"longSum"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"name"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_name1"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"fieldName"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_fieldName1"</span> }, |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"doubleSum"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"name"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_name2"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"fieldName"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_fieldName2"</span> } |
| ], |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"postAggregations"</span>: [ |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"arithmetic"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"name"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_divide"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"fn"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"/"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"fields"</span>: [ |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"fieldAccess"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"name"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"postAgg__sample_name1"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"fieldName"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_name1"</span> }, |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"fieldAccess"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"name"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"postAgg__sample_name2"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"fieldName"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_name2"</span> } |
| ] |
| } |
| ], |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"intervals"</span>: [ <span class="hljs-string">"2012-01-01T00:00:00.000/2012-01-03T00:00:00.000"</span> ] |
| } |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>There are 7 main parts to a timeseries query:</p> |
| <table> |
| <thead> |
| <tr><th>property</th><th>description</th><th>required?</th></tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr><td>queryType</td><td>This String should always be "timeseries"; this is the first thing Apache Druid looks at to figure out how to interpret the query</td><td>yes</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>dataSource</td><td>A String or Object defining the data source to query, very similar to a table in a relational database. See <a href="/docs/latest/querying/datasource.html">DataSource</a> for more information.</td><td>yes</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>descending</td><td>Whether to make descending ordered result. Default is <code>false</code>(ascending).</td><td>no</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>intervals</td><td>A JSON Object representing ISO-8601 Intervals. This defines the time ranges to run the query over.</td><td>yes</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>granularity</td><td>Defines the granularity to bucket query results. See <a href="/docs/latest/querying/granularities.html">Granularities</a></td><td>yes</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>filter</td><td>See <a href="/docs/latest/querying/filters.html">Filters</a></td><td>no</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>virtualColumns</td><td>A JSON list of <a href="/docs/latest/querying/virtual-columns.html">virtual columns</a>. You can reference the virtual columns in <code>aggregations</code> or <code>postAggregations</code>.</td><td>no (default none)</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>aggregations</td><td>See <a href="/docs/latest/querying/aggregations.html">Aggregations</a></td><td>no</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>postAggregations</td><td>See <a href="/docs/latest/querying/post-aggregations.html">Post Aggregations</a></td><td>no</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>limit</td><td>An integer that limits the number of results. The default is unlimited.</td><td>no</td></tr> |
| <tr><td>context</td><td>Can be used to modify query behavior, including <a href="#grand-totals">grand totals</a> and <a href="#zero-filling">zero-filling</a>. See also <a href="/docs/latest/querying/query-context.html">Context</a> for parameters that apply to all query types.</td><td>no</td></tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <p>To pull it all together, the above query would return 2 data points, one for each day between 2012-01-01 and 2012-01-03, from the "sample_datasource" table. Each data point would be the (long) sum of sample_fieldName1, the (double) sum of sample_fieldName2 and the (double) result of sample_fieldName1 divided by sample_fieldName2 for the filter set. The output looks like this:</p> |
| <pre><code class="hljs css language-json">[ |
| { |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"timestamp"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"2012-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"result"</span>: { <span class="hljs-attr">"sample_name1"</span>: <some_value>, <span class="hljs-attr">"sample_name2"</span>: <some_value>, <span class="hljs-attr">"sample_divide"</span>: <some_value> } |
| }, |
| { |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"timestamp"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"2012-01-02T00:00:00.000Z"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"result"</span>: { <span class="hljs-attr">"sample_name1"</span>: <some_value>, <span class="hljs-attr">"sample_name2"</span>: <some_value>, <span class="hljs-attr">"sample_divide"</span>: <some_value> } |
| } |
| ] |
| </code></pre> |
| <h2><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="grand-totals"></a><a href="#grand-totals" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Grand totals</h2> |
| <p>Druid can include an extra "grand totals" row as the last row of a timeseries result set. To enable this, add |
| <code>"grandTotal" : true</code> to your query context. For example:</p> |
| <pre><code class="hljs css language-json">{ |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"queryType"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"timeseries"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"dataSource"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_datasource"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"intervals"</span>: [ <span class="hljs-string">"2012-01-01T00:00:00.000/2012-01-03T00:00:00.000"</span> ], |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"granularity"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"day"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"aggregations"</span>: [ |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"longSum"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"name"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_name1"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"fieldName"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_fieldName1"</span> }, |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"doubleSum"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"name"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_name2"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"fieldName"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_fieldName2"</span> } |
| ], |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"context"</span>: { |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"grandTotal"</span>: <span class="hljs-literal">true</span> |
| } |
| } |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>The grand totals row will appear as the last row in the result array, and will have no timestamp. It will be the last |
| row even if the query is run in "descending" mode. Post-aggregations in the grand totals row will be computed based |
| upon the grand total aggregations.</p> |
| <h2><a class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" id="zero-filling"></a><a href="#zero-filling" aria-hidden="true" class="hash-link"><svg class="hash-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" height="16" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Zero-filling</h2> |
| <p>Timeseries queries normally fill empty interior time buckets with zeroes. For example, if you issue a "day" granularity |
| timeseries query for the interval 2012-01-01/2012-01-04, and no data exists for 2012-01-02, you will receive:</p> |
| <pre><code class="hljs css language-json">[ |
| { |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"timestamp"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"2012-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"result"</span>: { <span class="hljs-attr">"sample_name1"</span>: <some_value> } |
| }, |
| { |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"timestamp"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"2012-01-02T00:00:00.000Z"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"result"</span>: { <span class="hljs-attr">"sample_name1"</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0</span> } |
| }, |
| { |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"timestamp"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"2012-01-03T00:00:00.000Z"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"result"</span>: { <span class="hljs-attr">"sample_name1"</span>: <some_value> } |
| } |
| ] |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>Time buckets that lie completely outside the data interval are not zero-filled.</p> |
| <p>You can disable all zero-filling with the context flag "skipEmptyBuckets". In this mode, the data point for 2012-01-02 |
| would be omitted from the results.</p> |
| <p>A query with this context flag set would look like:</p> |
| <pre><code class="hljs css language-json">{ |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"queryType"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"timeseries"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"dataSource"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_datasource"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"granularity"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"day"</span>, |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"aggregations"</span>: [ |
| { <span class="hljs-attr">"type"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"longSum"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"name"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_name1"</span>, <span class="hljs-attr">"fieldName"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"sample_fieldName1"</span> } |
| ], |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"intervals"</span>: [ <span class="hljs-string">"2012-01-01T00:00:00.000/2012-01-04T00:00:00.000"</span> ], |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"context"</span> : { |
| <span class="hljs-attr">"skipEmptyBuckets"</span>: <span class="hljs-string">"true"</span> |
| } |
| } |
| </code></pre> |
| </span></div></article></div><div class="docs-prevnext"><a class="docs-prev button" href="/docs/latest/querying/query-context.html"><span class="arrow-prev">← </span><span>Query context</span></a><a class="docs-next button" href="/docs/latest/querying/topnquery.html"><span class="function-name-prevnext">TopN</span><span class="arrow-next"> →</span></a></div></div></div><nav class="onPageNav"><ul class="toc-headings"><li><a href="#grand-totals">Grand totals</a></li><li><a href="#zero-filling">Zero-filling</a></li></ul></nav></div><footer class="nav-footer druid-footer" id="footer"><div class="container"><div class="text-center"><p><a href="/technology">Technology</a> · <a href="/use-cases">Use Cases</a> · <a href="/druid-powered">Powered by Druid</a> · <a href="/docs/latest/">Docs</a> · <a href="/community/">Community</a> · <a href="/downloads.html">Download</a> · <a href="/faq">FAQ</a></p></div><div class="text-center"><a title="Join the user group" href="https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/druid-user" target="_blank"><span class="fa fa-comments"></span></a> · <a title="Follow Druid" href="https://twitter.com/druidio" target="_blank"><span class="fab fa-twitter"></span></a> · <a title="Download via Apache" href="https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?path=/incubator/druid/{{ site.druid_versions[0].versions[0].version }}/apache-druid-{{ site.druid_versions[0].versions[0].version }}-bin.tar.gz" target="_blank"><span class="fas fa-feather"></span></a> · <a title="GitHub" href="https://github.com/apache/druid" target="_blank"><span class="fab fa-github"></span></a></div><div class="text-center license">Copyright © 2022 <a href="https://www.apache.org/" target="_blank">Apache Software Foundation</a>.<br/>Except where otherwise noted, licensed under <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>.<br/>Apache Druid, Druid, and the Druid logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation in the United States and other countries.</div></div></footer></div><script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/docsearch.js@2/dist/cdn/docsearch.min.js"></script><script> |
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