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href="/zh-CN/docs/dev/releasenotes/release-2.1.3">版本发布</a></div></li></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class="docMainContainer_gTbr"><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class="row"><div class="col docItemCol_z5aJ"><div class="theme-doc-version-banner alert alert--warning margin-bottom--md" role="alert"><div>此为 <!-- -->Apache Doris<!-- --> <b>dev</b> 版尚未发行的文档。</div><div class="margin-top--md">最新的文档请参阅 <b><a href="/zh-CN/docs/admin-manual/data-admin/backup">最新版本</a></b> (<!-- -->2.1<!-- -->)。</div></div><div class="docItemContainer_c0TR"><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label="页面路径"><ul class="breadcrumbs" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList"><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><a aria-label="主页面" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="/zh-CN/"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">管理指南</span><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">数据管理</span><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="name">数据备份</span><meta itemprop="position" content="3"></li></ul></nav><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">本页总览</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>数据备份</h1></header><h1>数据备份</h1><p>Doris 支持将当前数据以文件的形式，通过 broker 备份到远端存储系统中。之后可以通过 恢复 命令，从远端存储系统中将数据恢复到任意 Doris 集群。通过这个功能，Doris 可以支持将数据定期的进行快照备份。也可以通过这个功能，在不同集群间进行数据迁移。</p><p>该功能需要 Doris 版本 0.8.2+</p><p>使用该功能，需要部署对应远端存储的 broker。如 BOS、HDFS 等。可以通过 <code>SHOW BROKER;</code> 查看当前部署的 broker。</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="简要原理说明">简要原理说明<a href="#简要原理说明" class="hash-link" aria-label="简要原理说明的直接链接" title="简要原理说明的直接链接"></a></h2><p>备份操作是将指定表或分区的数据，直接以 Doris 存储的文件的形式，上传到远端仓库中进行存储。当用户提交 Backup 请求后，系统内部会做如下操作：</p><ol><li><p>快照及快照上传</p><p>快照阶段会对指定的表或分区数据文件进行快照。之后，备份都是对快照进行操作。在快照之后，对表进行的更改、导入等操作都不再影响备份的结果。快照只是对当前数据文件产生一个硬链，耗时很少。快照完成后，会开始对这些快照文件进行逐一上传。快照上传由各个 Backend 并发完成。</p></li><li><p>元数据准备及上传</p><p>数据文件快照上传完成后，Frontend 会首先将对应元数据写成本地文件，然后通过 broker 将本地元数据文件上传到远端仓库。完成最终备份作业</p></li><li><p>动态分区表说明</p><p>如果该表是动态分区表，备份之后会自动禁用动态分区属性，在做恢复的时候需要手动将该表的动态分区属性启用，命令如下：</p><div class="language-sql codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-sql codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">ALTER</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">TABLE</span><span class="token plain"> tbl1 </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">SET</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;dynamic_partition.enable&quot;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;true&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>备份和恢复操作都不会保留表的 <code>colocate_with</code> 属性。</p></li></ol><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="开始备份">开始备份<a href="#开始备份" class="hash-link" aria-label="开始备份的直接链接" title="开始备份的直接链接"></a></h2><ol><li><p>创建一个 hdfs 的远程仓库 example_repo：</p><p><strong>WITH HDFS(推荐使用)</strong></p><div class="language-sql codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-sql codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">CREATE</span><span class="token plain"> REPOSITORY </span><span class="token identifier punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">`</span><span class="token identifier">example_repo</span><span class="token identifier punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">WITH</span><span class="token plain"> HDFS</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">ON</span><span class="token plain"> LOCATION </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;hdfs://hadoop-name-node:54310/path/to/repo/&quot;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">PROPERTIES</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;fs.defaultFS&quot;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;hdfs://hdfs_host:port&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;hadoop.username&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;hadoop&quot;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p><strong>WITH BROKER</strong></p><p>需要先启动一个 BROKER 进程。</p><div class="language-sql codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-sql codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">CREATE</span><span class="token plain"> REPOSITORY </span><span class="token identifier punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">`</span><span class="token identifier">example_repo</span><span class="token identifier punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">WITH</span><span class="token plain"> BROKER </span><span class="token identifier punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">`</span><span class="token identifier">broker_name</span><span class="token identifier punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">ON</span><span class="token plain"> LOCATION </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;hdfs://hadoop-name-node:54310/path/to/repo/&quot;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">PROPERTIES</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">   </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;username&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;user&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">   </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;password&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;password&quot;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>创建一个 s3 的远程仓库 : s3_repo</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-text codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">CREATE REPOSITORY `s3_repo`</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">WITH S3</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">ON LOCATION &quot;s3://bucket_name/test&quot;</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">PROPERTIES</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">(</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">    &quot;AWS_ENDPOINT&quot; = &quot;http://xxxx.xxxx.com&quot;,</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">    &quot;AWS_ACCESS_KEY&quot; = &quot;xxxx&quot;,</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">    &quot;AWS_SECRET_KEY&quot;=&quot;xxx&quot;,</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">    &quot;AWS_REGION&quot; = &quot;xxx&quot;</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">); </span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><blockquote><p>注意：</p><p>ON LOCATION 这里后面跟的是 Bucket Name</p></blockquote></li><li><p>全量备份 example_db 下的表 example_tbl 到仓库 example_repo 中：</p><div class="language-sql codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-sql codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">BACKUP</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">SNAPSHOT</span><span class="token plain"> example_db</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">snapshot_label1</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">TO</span><span class="token plain"> example_repo</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">ON</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">example_tbl</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">PROPERTIES </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;full&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>全量备份 example_db 下，表 example_tbl 的 p1, p2 分区，以及表 example_tbl2 到仓库 example_repo 中：</p><div class="language-sql codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-sql codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">BACKUP</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">SNAPSHOT</span><span class="token plain"> example_db</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">snapshot_label2</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">TO</span><span class="token plain"> example_repo</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">ON</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">   example_tbl </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">PARTITION</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">p1</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain">p2</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">   example_tbl2</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>查看最近 backup 作业的执行情况：</p><div class="language-sql codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-sql codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">mysql</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">show</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">BACKUP</span><span class="token plain">\G</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">1.</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">row</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">               JobId: </span><span class="token number">17891847</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">        SnapshotName: snapshot_label1</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">              DbName: example_db</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">               State: FINISHED</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">          BackupObjs: </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token plain">default_cluster:example_db</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">example_tbl</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">          CreateTime: </span><span class="token number">2022</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">04</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">08</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">15</span><span class="token plain">:</span><span class="token number">52</span><span class="token plain">:</span><span class="token number">29</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">SnapshotFinishedTime: </span><span class="token number">2022</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">04</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">08</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">15</span><span class="token plain">:</span><span class="token number">52</span><span class="token plain">:</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">  UploadFinishedTime: </span><span class="token number">2022</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">04</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">08</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">15</span><span class="token plain">:</span><span class="token number">52</span><span class="token plain">:</span><span class="token number">38</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">        FinishedTime: </span><span class="token number">2022</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">04</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">08</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">15</span><span class="token plain">:</span><span class="token number">52</span><span class="token plain">:</span><span class="token number">44</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">     UnfinishedTasks:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">            Progress:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">          TaskErrMsg:</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">              </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">Status</span><span class="token plain">: </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token plain">OK</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">             Timeout: </span><span class="token number">86400</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">row</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">in</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">set</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token number">0.01</span><span class="token plain"> sec</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>查看远端仓库中已存在的备份</p><div class="language-sql codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-sql codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">mysql</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">SHOW</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">SNAPSHOT</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">ON</span><span class="token plain"> example_repo </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">WHERE</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">SNAPSHOT</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;snapshot_label1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">-----------------+---------------------+--------+</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">Snapshot</span><span class="token plain">        </span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">Timestamp</span><span class="token plain">           </span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">Status</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">-----------------+---------------------+--------+</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token plain"> snapshot_label1 </span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">2022</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">04</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">08</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">15</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">52</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">29</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token plain"> OK     </span><span class="token operator">|</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">-----------------+---------------------+--------+</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">row</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">in</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">set</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token number">0.15</span><span class="token plain"> sec</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol><p>BACKUP 的更多用法可参考 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/dev/sql-manual/sql-statements/Data-Definition-Statements/Backup-and-Restore/BACKUP">这里</a>。</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="最佳实践">最佳实践<a href="#最佳实践" class="hash-link" aria-label="最佳实践的直接链接" title="最佳实践的直接链接"></a></h2><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="备份">备份<a href="#备份" class="hash-link" aria-label="备份的直接链接" title="备份的直接链接"></a></h3><p>当前我们支持最小分区（Partition）粒度的全量备份（增量备份有可能在未来版本支持）。如果需要对数据进行定期备份，首先需要在建表时，合理的规划表的分区及分桶，比如按时间进行分区。然后在之后的运行过程中，按照分区粒度进行定期的数据备份。</p><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="数据迁移">数据迁移<a href="#数据迁移" class="hash-link" aria-label="数据迁移的直接链接" title="数据迁移的直接链接"></a></h3><p>用户可以先将数据备份到远端仓库，再通过远端仓库将数据恢复到另一个集群，完成数据迁移。因为数据备份是通过快照的形式完成的，所以，在备份作业的快照阶段之后的新的导入数据，是不会备份的。因此，在快照完成后，到恢复作业完成这期间，在原集群上导入的数据，都需要在新集群上同样导入一遍。</p><p>建议在迁移完成后，对新旧两个集群并行导入一段时间。完成数据和业务正确性校验后，再将业务迁移到新的集群。</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="重点说明">重点说明<a href="#重点说明" class="hash-link" aria-label="重点说明的直接链接" title="重点说明的直接链接"></a></h2><ol><li>备份恢复相关的操作目前只允许拥有 ADMIN 权限的用户执行。</li><li>一个 Database 内，只允许有一个正在执行的备份或恢复作业。</li><li>备份和恢复都支持最小分区（Partition）级别的操作，当表的数据量很大时，建议按分区分别执行，以降低失败重试的代价。</li><li>因为备份恢复操作，操作的都是实际的数据文件。所以当一个表的分片过多，或者一个分片有过多的小版本时，可能即使总数据量很小，依然需要备份或恢复很长时间。用户可以通过 <code>SHOW PARTITIONS FROM table_name;</code> 和 <code>SHOW TABLETS FROM table_name;</code> 来查看各个分区的分片数量，以及各个分片的文件版本数量，来预估作业执行时间。文件数量对作业执行的时间影响非常大，所以建议在建表时，合理规划分区分桶，以避免过多的分片。</li><li>当通过 <code>SHOW BACKUP</code> 或者 <code>SHOW RESTORE</code> 命令查看作业状态时。有可能会在 <code>TaskErrMsg</code> 一列中看到错误信息。但只要 <code>State</code> 列不为 <code>CANCELLED</code>，则说明作业依然在继续。这些 Task 有可能会重试成功。当然，有些 Task 错误，也会直接导致作业失败。
 常见的<code>TaskErrMsg</code>错误如下：
 Q1：备份到 HDFS，状态显示 UPLOADING，TaskErrMsg 错误信息：<!-- -->[13333: Close broker writer failed, broker:TNetworkAddress(hostname=10.10.0.0,port=8000) msg:errors while close file output stream, cause by: DataStreamer Exception: ]<!-- -->
 这个一般是网络通信问题，查看broker日志，看某个ip 或者端口不通，如果是云服务，则需要查看是否访问了内网，如果是，则可以在borker/conf文件夹下添加hdfs-site.xml，还需在hdfs-site.xml配置文件下添加dfs.client.use.datanode.hostname=true，并在broker节点上配置HADOOP集群的主机名映射。</li><li>如果恢复作业是一次覆盖操作（指定恢复数据到已经存在的表或分区中），那么从恢复作业的 <code>COMMIT</code> 阶段开始，当前集群上被覆盖的数据有可能不能再被还原。此时如果恢复作业失败或被取消，有可能造成之前的数据已损坏且无法访问。这种情况下，只能通过再次执行恢复操作，并等待作业完成。因此，我们建议，如无必要，尽量不要使用覆盖的方式恢复数据，除非确认当前数据已不再使用。</li></ol><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="相关命令">相关命令<a href="#相关命令" class="hash-link" aria-label="相关命令的直接链接" title="相关命令的直接链接"></a></h2><p>和备份恢复功能相关的命令如下。以下命令，都可以通过 mysql-client 连接 Doris 后，使用 <code>help cmd;</code> 的方式查看详细帮助。</p><ol><li><p>CREATE REPOSITORY</p><p>创建一个远端仓库路径，用于备份或恢复。该命令需要借助 Broker 进程访问远端存储，不同的 Broker 需要提供不同的参数，具体请参阅 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/dev/data-operate/import/broker-load-manual#%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96-broker-%E5%AF%BC%E5%85%A5">Broker 文档</a>，也可以直接通过 S3 协议备份到支持 AWS S3 协议的远程存储上去，也可以直接备份到 HDFS，具体参考 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/dev/sql-manual/sql-statements/Data-Definition-Statements/Backup-and-Restore/CREATE-REPOSITORY">创建远程仓库文档</a></p></li><li><p>BACKUP</p><p>执行一次备份操作。</p></li><li><p>SHOW BACKUP</p><p>查看最近一次 backup 作业的执行情况，包括：</p><ul><li>JobId：本次备份作业的 id。</li><li>SnapshotName：用户指定的本次备份作业的名称（Label）。</li><li>DbName：备份作业对应的 Database。</li><li>State：备份作业当前所在阶段：<ul><li>PENDING：作业初始状态。</li><li>SNAPSHOTING：正在进行快照操作。</li><li>UPLOAD_SNAPSHOT：快照结束，准备上传。</li><li>UPLOADING：正在上传快照。</li><li>SAVE_META：正在本地生成元数据文件。</li><li>UPLOAD_INFO：上传元数据文件和本次备份作业的信息。</li><li>FINISHED：备份完成。</li><li>CANCELLED：备份失败或被取消。</li></ul></li><li>BackupObjs：本次备份涉及的表和分区的清单。</li><li>CreateTime：作业创建时间。</li><li>SnapshotFinishedTime：快照完成时间。</li><li>UploadFinishedTime：快照上传完成时间。</li><li>FinishedTime：本次作业完成时间。</li><li>UnfinishedTasks：在 <code>SNAPSHOTTING</code>，<code>UPLOADING</code> 等阶段，会有多个子任务在同时进行，这里展示的当前阶段，未完成的子任务的 task id。</li><li>TaskErrMsg：如果有子任务执行出错，这里会显示对应子任务的错误信息。</li><li>Status：用于记录在整个作业过程中，可能出现的一些状态信息。</li><li>Timeout：作业的超时时间，单位是秒。</li></ul></li><li><p>SHOW SNAPSHOT</p><p>查看远端仓库中已存在的备份。</p><ul><li>Snapshot：备份时指定的该备份的名称（Label）。</li><li>Timestamp：备份的时间戳。</li><li>Status：该备份是否正常。</li></ul><p>如果在 <code>SHOW SNAPSHOT</code> 后指定了 where 子句，则可以显示更详细的备份信息。</p><ul><li>Database：备份时对应的 Database。</li><li>Details：展示了该备份完整的数据目录结构。</li></ul></li><li><p>CANCEL BACKUP</p><p>取消当前正在执行的备份作业。</p></li><li><p>DROP REPOSITORY</p><p>删除已创建的远端仓库。删除仓库，仅仅是删除该仓库在 Doris 中的映射，不会删除实际的仓库数据。</p></li></ol><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="更多帮助">更多帮助<a href="#更多帮助" class="hash-link" aria-label="更多帮助的直接链接" title="更多帮助的直接链接"></a></h2><p> 关于 BACKUP 使用的更多详细语法及最佳实践，请参阅 <a href="/zh-CN/docs/dev/sql-manual/sql-statements/Data-Definition-Statements/Backup-and-Restore/BACKUP">BACKUP</a> 命令手册，你也可以在 MySql 客户端命令行下输入 <code>HELP BACKUP</code> 获取更多帮助信息。</p></div></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" 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