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| <h3>JDO State Transition<a id="JDO_State_Transition"></a></h3> |
| </div> |
| --> |
| <div id="doc-content"> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="index">JDO State Transition<a id="JDO_State_Transition"></a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>JDO manages the lifecycle of an object, from creation (<strong>Transient</strong>) |
| through to persistence in the datastore (<strong>Hollow</strong>, <strong>Persistent Clean</strong>) |
| and all of the various states between these. The transition between |
| these states are achieved by using methods on the Persistence Manager |
| such as <em>makePersistent()</em>, <em>makeTransient()</em>, <em>deletePersistent()</em>, and |
| by commiting the changes made by these operations, or by rolling them |
| back.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The various lifecycle states supported by JDO are shown below.</p> |
| </div> |
| <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-cols spread"> |
| <colgroup> |
| <col style="width: 50%;"> |
| <col style="width: 50%;"> |
| </colgroup> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Name</th> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Description</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Transient</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any object created by the developer that do are not |
| persisted. These don’t have a JDO identity.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Persistent New</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any object that is newly persisted in the current |
| transaction. A JDO identity has been assigned to these objects.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Persistent Dirty</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any persistent object that has been changed in the |
| current transaction.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Hollow</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any persistent object that represents data in the datastore, |
| but whose values are not in the instance.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Persistent Clean</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any persistent object that represents data in the |
| datastore, and whose values have not been changed in the current |
| transaction.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Persistent Deleted</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any persistent object that represents data in the |
| datastore, and that has been deleted in the current transaction.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Persistent New Deleted</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any object that have been newly made persistent |
| and then deleted in the same current transaction.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Persistent Non transactional</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any persistent object that represents |
| data in the datastore, whose values are loaded but not transactionally |
| consistent.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Persistent Non transactional Dirty</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any persistent object that |
| represents data in the datastore, whose values are loaded but not |
| transactionally consistent, and that has been modified.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Transient Clean</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any transient object that represents a transactional |
| instance whose values have not been changed in the current transaction.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Transient Dirty</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any transient object that represents a transactional |
| instance whose values have been changed in the current transaction.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Detached Clean</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any detached object that represents a persistent |
| instance whose values have not been changed since detaching.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Detached Dirty</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Any detached object that represents a persistent |
| instance whose values have been changed since detaching.</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_detecting_object_state_a_id_detecting_object_state_a">Detecting Object State<a id="Detecting_Object_State"></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>JDO provides a class <a href="jdohelper.html">JDOHelper</a> that allows you to |
| interrogate the object state via its attributes (isPersistent(), |
| isDeleted(), etc). In JDO 2.1 for JDKs 1.5+ <em>JDOHelper</em> is extended to |
| also provide a method that gives the full object state.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="literalblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>ObjectState state = JDOHelper.getObjectState(obj);</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><br></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_persisting_an_object_a_id_persisting_an_object_a">Persisting an object<a id="Persisting_an_object"></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The most basic thing you can do with JDO is persist an object. The |
| following code is an example of how you can do this</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="literalblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>Transaction tx=pm.currentTransaction(); |
| try |
| { |
| tx.begin(); |
| Product product = new Product("Plate", 9.99); |
| pm.makePersistent(product); |
| tx.commit(); |
| } |
| finally |
| { |
| if (tx.isActive()) |
| { |
| tx.rollback(); |
| } |
| }</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>Product</em> object progresses from <strong>Transient</strong> (initial, unpersisted |
| state), through to <strong>Persistent New</strong>, and then finally to <strong>Hollow</strong> when |
| it reaches the data store (after the "commit"). If the persist failed, |
| it would "rollback" and hence end up in the same state as when it |
| started. The following diagram shows this graphically</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><br></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><span class="image"><img src="images/state_transition_persist.png" alt="image"></span><br></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_updating_an_object_a_id_updating_an_object_a">Updating an object<a id="Updating_an_object"></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When you have persisted objects you need to update them. The following |
| code is an example of how you can do this</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="literalblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>Transaction tx=pm.currentTransaction(); |
| try |
| { |
| tx.begin(); |
| String product_name = product.getName(); |
| ... |
| product.setPrice(7.50); |
| tx.commit(); |
| } |
| finally |
| { |
| if (tx.isActive()) |
| { |
| tx.rollback(); |
| } |
| }</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>Product</em> object starts off in <strong>Hollow</strong> state and progresses to |
| <strong>Persistent Clean</strong> when the user requires to read from it. It then |
| migrates to <strong>Persistent Dirty</strong> when the price is updated. Finally it |
| returns to <strong>Hollow</strong> when the user commits/rolls back the transaction. |
| The following diagram shows this graphically</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><br></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><span class="image"><img src="images/state_transition_update.png" alt="image"></span><br></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_deleting_an_object_a_id_deleting_an_object_a">Deleting an object<a id="Deleting_an_object"></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>When you no longer need an object persisted, you can delete it. The |
| following code is an example of how you can do this</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="literalblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre>Transaction tx=pm.currentTransaction(); |
| try |
| { |
| tx.begin(); |
| String product_name = product.getName(); |
| ... |
| pm.deletePersistent(product); |
| tx.commit(); |
| } |
| finally |
| { |
| if (tx.isActive()) |
| { |
| tx.rollback(); |
| } |
| }</pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <em>Product</em> object starts off in <strong>Hollow</strong> state and progresses to |
| <strong>Persistent Clean</strong> when the user requires to read from it. It then |
| migrates to <strong>Persistent Deleted</strong> when the deletePersistent() called. |
| Finally it either progresses to <strong>Transient</strong> when commit is called, or |
| returns to <strong>Hollow</strong> if it is rolled back. The following diagram shows |
| this graphically</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><br></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><span class="image"><img src="images/state_transition_delete.png" alt="image"></span><br></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_possible_state_transitions_a_id_possible_state_transitions_a">Possible state transitions<a id="Possible_state_transitions"></a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The following diagram shows the state transitions possible with JDO.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><br></p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><span class="image"><img src="images/state_transition.png" alt="JDO State Transition"></span><br></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
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