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apache / datafusion-sqlparser-rs / c439ee9419a8b3e91ae6fc406a2fa88bb2bf1bdd / . / src / ast / ddl.rs
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// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
// or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.
//! AST types specific to CREATE/ALTER variants of [`Statement`](crate::ast::Statement)
//! (commonly referred to as Data Definition Language, or DDL)
#[cfg(not(feature = "std"))]
use alloc::{boxed::Box, format, string::String, vec, vec::Vec};
use core::fmt::{self, Display, Write};
#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
#[cfg(feature = "visitor")]
use sqlparser_derive::{Visit, VisitMut};
use crate::ast::value::escape_single_quote_string;
use crate::ast::{
display_comma_separated, display_separated,
table_constraints::{
CheckConstraint, ForeignKeyConstraint, PrimaryKeyConstraint, TableConstraint,
UniqueConstraint,
},
ArgMode, AttachedToken, CommentDef, ConditionalStatements, CreateFunctionBody,
CreateFunctionUsing, CreateTableLikeKind, CreateTableOptions, CreateViewParams, DataType, Expr,
FileFormat, FunctionBehavior, FunctionCalledOnNull, FunctionDesc, FunctionDeterminismSpecifier,
FunctionParallel, HiveDistributionStyle, HiveFormat, HiveIOFormat, HiveRowFormat,
HiveSetLocation, Ident, InitializeKind, MySQLColumnPosition, ObjectName, OnCommit,
OneOrManyWithParens, OperateFunctionArg, OrderByExpr, ProjectionSelect, Query, RefreshModeKind,
RowAccessPolicy, SequenceOptions, Spanned, SqlOption, StorageSerializationPolicy, TableVersion,
Tag, TriggerEvent, TriggerExecBody, TriggerObject, TriggerPeriod, TriggerReferencing, Value,
ValueWithSpan, WrappedCollection,
};
use crate::display_utils::{DisplayCommaSeparated, Indent, NewLine, SpaceOrNewline};
use crate::keywords::Keyword;
use crate::tokenizer::{Span, Token};
/// Index column type.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct IndexColumn {
pub column: OrderByExpr,
pub operator_class: Option<Ident>,
}
impl From<Ident> for IndexColumn {
fn from(c: Ident) -> Self {
Self {
column: OrderByExpr::from(c),
operator_class: None,
}
}
}
impl<'a> From<&'a str> for IndexColumn {
fn from(c: &'a str) -> Self {
let ident = Ident::new(c);
ident.into()
}
}
impl fmt::Display for IndexColumn {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "{}", self.column)?;
if let Some(operator_class) = &self.operator_class {
write!(f, " {operator_class}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// ALTER TABLE operation REPLICA IDENTITY values
/// See [Postgres ALTER TABLE docs](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-altertable.html)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum ReplicaIdentity {
None,
Full,
Default,
Index(Ident),
}
impl fmt::Display for ReplicaIdentity {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
ReplicaIdentity::None => f.write_str("NONE"),
ReplicaIdentity::Full => f.write_str("FULL"),
ReplicaIdentity::Default => f.write_str("DEFAULT"),
ReplicaIdentity::Index(idx) => write!(f, "USING INDEX {idx}"),
}
}
}
/// An `ALTER TABLE` (`Statement::AlterTable`) operation
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterTableOperation {
/// `ADD <table_constraint> [NOT VALID]`
AddConstraint {
constraint: TableConstraint,
not_valid: bool,
},
/// `ADD [COLUMN] [IF NOT EXISTS] <column_def>`
AddColumn {
/// `[COLUMN]`.
column_keyword: bool,
/// `[IF NOT EXISTS]`
if_not_exists: bool,
/// <column_def>.
column_def: ColumnDef,
/// MySQL `ALTER TABLE` only [FIRST | AFTER column_name]
column_position: Option<MySQLColumnPosition>,
},
/// `ADD PROJECTION [IF NOT EXISTS] name ( SELECT <COLUMN LIST EXPR> [GROUP BY] [ORDER BY])`
///
/// Note: this is a ClickHouse-specific operation.
/// Please refer to [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/projection#add-projection)
AddProjection {
if_not_exists: bool,
name: Ident,
select: ProjectionSelect,
},
/// `DROP PROJECTION [IF EXISTS] name`
///
/// Note: this is a ClickHouse-specific operation.
/// Please refer to [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/projection#drop-projection)
DropProjection {
if_exists: bool,
name: Ident,
},
/// `MATERIALIZE PROJECTION [IF EXISTS] name [IN PARTITION partition_name]`
///
/// Note: this is a ClickHouse-specific operation.
/// Please refer to [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/projection#materialize-projection)
MaterializeProjection {
if_exists: bool,
name: Ident,
partition: Option<Ident>,
},
/// `CLEAR PROJECTION [IF EXISTS] name [IN PARTITION partition_name]`
///
/// Note: this is a ClickHouse-specific operation.
/// Please refer to [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/projection#clear-projection)
ClearProjection {
if_exists: bool,
name: Ident,
partition: Option<Ident>,
},
/// `DISABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
DisableRowLevelSecurity,
/// `DISABLE RULE rewrite_rule_name`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
DisableRule {
name: Ident,
},
/// `DISABLE TRIGGER [ trigger_name | ALL | USER ]`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
DisableTrigger {
name: Ident,
},
/// `DROP CONSTRAINT [ IF EXISTS ] <name>`
DropConstraint {
if_exists: bool,
name: Ident,
drop_behavior: Option<DropBehavior>,
},
/// `DROP [ COLUMN ] [ IF EXISTS ] <column_name> [ , <column_name>, ... ] [ CASCADE ]`
DropColumn {
has_column_keyword: bool,
column_names: Vec<Ident>,
if_exists: bool,
drop_behavior: Option<DropBehavior>,
},
/// `ATTACH PART|PARTITION <partition_expr>`
/// Note: this is a ClickHouse-specific operation, please refer to
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/partition#attach-partitionpart)
AttachPartition {
// PART is not a short form of PARTITION, it's a separate keyword
// which represents a physical file on disk and partition is a logical entity.
partition: Partition,
},
/// `DETACH PART|PARTITION <partition_expr>`
/// Note: this is a ClickHouse-specific operation, please refer to
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/partition#detach-partitionpart)
DetachPartition {
// See `AttachPartition` for more details
partition: Partition,
},
/// `FREEZE PARTITION <partition_expr>`
/// Note: this is a ClickHouse-specific operation, please refer to
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/partition#freeze-partition)
FreezePartition {
partition: Partition,
with_name: Option<Ident>,
},
/// `UNFREEZE PARTITION <partition_expr>`
/// Note: this is a ClickHouse-specific operation, please refer to
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/partition#unfreeze-partition)
UnfreezePartition {
partition: Partition,
with_name: Option<Ident>,
},
/// `DROP PRIMARY KEY`
///
/// [MySQL](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html)
/// [Snowflake](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/constraints-drop)
DropPrimaryKey {
drop_behavior: Option<DropBehavior>,
},
/// `DROP FOREIGN KEY <fk_symbol>`
///
/// [MySQL](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html)
/// [Snowflake](https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/constraints-drop)
DropForeignKey {
name: Ident,
drop_behavior: Option<DropBehavior>,
},
/// `DROP INDEX <index_name>`
///
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html
DropIndex {
name: Ident,
},
/// `ENABLE ALWAYS RULE rewrite_rule_name`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
EnableAlwaysRule {
name: Ident,
},
/// `ENABLE ALWAYS TRIGGER trigger_name`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
EnableAlwaysTrigger {
name: Ident,
},
/// `ENABLE REPLICA RULE rewrite_rule_name`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
EnableReplicaRule {
name: Ident,
},
/// `ENABLE REPLICA TRIGGER trigger_name`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
EnableReplicaTrigger {
name: Ident,
},
/// `ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
EnableRowLevelSecurity,
/// `ENABLE RULE rewrite_rule_name`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
EnableRule {
name: Ident,
},
/// `ENABLE TRIGGER [ trigger_name | ALL | USER ]`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
EnableTrigger {
name: Ident,
},
/// `RENAME TO PARTITION (partition=val)`
RenamePartitions {
old_partitions: Vec<Expr>,
new_partitions: Vec<Expr>,
},
/// REPLICA IDENTITY { DEFAULT | USING INDEX index_name | FULL | NOTHING }
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
/// Please refer to [PostgreSQL documentation](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-altertable.html)
ReplicaIdentity {
identity: ReplicaIdentity,
},
/// Add Partitions
AddPartitions {
if_not_exists: bool,
new_partitions: Vec<Partition>,
},
DropPartitions {
partitions: Vec<Expr>,
if_exists: bool,
},
/// `RENAME [ COLUMN ] <old_column_name> TO <new_column_name>`
RenameColumn {
old_column_name: Ident,
new_column_name: Ident,
},
/// `RENAME TO <table_name>`
RenameTable {
table_name: RenameTableNameKind,
},
// CHANGE [ COLUMN ] <old_name> <new_name> <data_type> [ <options> ]
ChangeColumn {
old_name: Ident,
new_name: Ident,
data_type: DataType,
options: Vec<ColumnOption>,
/// MySQL `ALTER TABLE` only [FIRST | AFTER column_name]
column_position: Option<MySQLColumnPosition>,
},
// CHANGE [ COLUMN ] <col_name> <data_type> [ <options> ]
ModifyColumn {
col_name: Ident,
data_type: DataType,
options: Vec<ColumnOption>,
/// MySQL `ALTER TABLE` only [FIRST | AFTER column_name]
column_position: Option<MySQLColumnPosition>,
},
/// `RENAME CONSTRAINT <old_constraint_name> TO <new_constraint_name>`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
RenameConstraint {
old_name: Ident,
new_name: Ident,
},
/// `ALTER [ COLUMN ]`
AlterColumn {
column_name: Ident,
op: AlterColumnOperation,
},
/// 'SWAP WITH <table_name>'
///
/// Note: this is Snowflake specific <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-table>
SwapWith {
table_name: ObjectName,
},
/// 'SET TBLPROPERTIES ( { property_key [ = ] property_val } [, ...] )'
SetTblProperties {
table_properties: Vec<SqlOption>,
},
/// `OWNER TO { <new_owner> | CURRENT_ROLE | CURRENT_USER | SESSION_USER }`
///
/// Note: this is PostgreSQL-specific <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-altertable.html>
OwnerTo {
new_owner: Owner,
},
/// Snowflake table clustering options
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-table#clustering-actions-clusteringaction>
ClusterBy {
exprs: Vec<Expr>,
},
DropClusteringKey,
SuspendRecluster,
ResumeRecluster,
/// `REFRESH`
///
/// Note: this is Snowflake specific for dynamic tables <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-table>
Refresh,
/// `SUSPEND`
///
/// Note: this is Snowflake specific for dynamic tables <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-table>
Suspend,
/// `RESUME`
///
/// Note: this is Snowflake specific for dynamic tables <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-table>
Resume,
/// `ALGORITHM [=] { DEFAULT | INSTANT | INPLACE | COPY }`
///
/// [MySQL]-specific table alter algorithm.
///
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html
Algorithm {
equals: bool,
algorithm: AlterTableAlgorithm,
},
/// `LOCK [=] { DEFAULT | NONE | SHARED | EXCLUSIVE }`
///
/// [MySQL]-specific table alter lock.
///
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html
Lock {
equals: bool,
lock: AlterTableLock,
},
/// `AUTO_INCREMENT [=] <value>`
///
/// [MySQL]-specific table option for raising current auto increment value.
///
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html
AutoIncrement {
equals: bool,
value: ValueWithSpan,
},
/// `VALIDATE CONSTRAINT <name>`
ValidateConstraint {
name: Ident,
},
/// Arbitrary parenthesized `SET` options.
///
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// SET (scale_factor = 0.01, threshold = 500)`
/// ```
/// [PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-altertable.html)
SetOptionsParens {
options: Vec<SqlOption>,
},
}
/// An `ALTER Policy` (`Statement::AlterPolicy`) operation
///
/// [PostgreSQL Documentation](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-altertable.html)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterPolicyOperation {
Rename {
new_name: Ident,
},
Apply {
to: Option<Vec<Owner>>,
using: Option<Expr>,
with_check: Option<Expr>,
},
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterPolicyOperation {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
AlterPolicyOperation::Rename { new_name } => {
write!(f, " RENAME TO {new_name}")
}
AlterPolicyOperation::Apply {
to,
using,
with_check,
} => {
if let Some(to) = to {
write!(f, " TO {}", display_comma_separated(to))?;
}
if let Some(using) = using {
write!(f, " USING ({using})")?;
}
if let Some(with_check) = with_check {
write!(f, " WITH CHECK ({with_check})")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
}
}
/// [MySQL] `ALTER TABLE` algorithm.
///
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterTableAlgorithm {
Default,
Instant,
Inplace,
Copy,
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterTableAlgorithm {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
f.write_str(match self {
Self::Default => "DEFAULT",
Self::Instant => "INSTANT",
Self::Inplace => "INPLACE",
Self::Copy => "COPY",
})
}
}
/// [MySQL] `ALTER TABLE` lock.
///
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterTableLock {
Default,
None,
Shared,
Exclusive,
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterTableLock {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
f.write_str(match self {
Self::Default => "DEFAULT",
Self::None => "NONE",
Self::Shared => "SHARED",
Self::Exclusive => "EXCLUSIVE",
})
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum Owner {
Ident(Ident),
CurrentRole,
CurrentUser,
SessionUser,
}
impl fmt::Display for Owner {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Owner::Ident(ident) => write!(f, "{ident}"),
Owner::CurrentRole => write!(f, "CURRENT_ROLE"),
Owner::CurrentUser => write!(f, "CURRENT_USER"),
Owner::SessionUser => write!(f, "SESSION_USER"),
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterConnectorOwner {
User(Ident),
Role(Ident),
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterConnectorOwner {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
AlterConnectorOwner::User(ident) => write!(f, "USER {ident}"),
AlterConnectorOwner::Role(ident) => write!(f, "ROLE {ident}"),
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterIndexOperation {
RenameIndex { index_name: ObjectName },
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterTableOperation {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
AlterTableOperation::AddPartitions {
if_not_exists,
new_partitions,
} => write!(
f,
"ADD{ine} {}",
display_separated(new_partitions, " "),
ine = if *if_not_exists { " IF NOT EXISTS" } else { "" }
),
AlterTableOperation::AddConstraint {
not_valid,
constraint,
} => {
write!(f, "ADD {constraint}")?;
if *not_valid {
write!(f, " NOT VALID")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::AddColumn {
column_keyword,
if_not_exists,
column_def,
column_position,
} => {
write!(f, "ADD")?;
if *column_keyword {
write!(f, " COLUMN")?;
}
if *if_not_exists {
write!(f, " IF NOT EXISTS")?;
}
write!(f, " {column_def}")?;
if let Some(position) = column_position {
write!(f, " {position}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::AddProjection {
if_not_exists,
name,
select: query,
} => {
write!(f, "ADD PROJECTION")?;
if *if_not_exists {
write!(f, " IF NOT EXISTS")?;
}
write!(f, " {name} ({query})")
}
AlterTableOperation::Algorithm { equals, algorithm } => {
write!(
f,
"ALGORITHM {}{}",
if *equals { "= " } else { "" },
algorithm
)
}
AlterTableOperation::DropProjection { if_exists, name } => {
write!(f, "DROP PROJECTION")?;
if *if_exists {
write!(f, " IF EXISTS")?;
}
write!(f, " {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::MaterializeProjection {
if_exists,
name,
partition,
} => {
write!(f, "MATERIALIZE PROJECTION")?;
if *if_exists {
write!(f, " IF EXISTS")?;
}
write!(f, " {name}")?;
if let Some(partition) = partition {
write!(f, " IN PARTITION {partition}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::ClearProjection {
if_exists,
name,
partition,
} => {
write!(f, "CLEAR PROJECTION")?;
if *if_exists {
write!(f, " IF EXISTS")?;
}
write!(f, " {name}")?;
if let Some(partition) = partition {
write!(f, " IN PARTITION {partition}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::AlterColumn { column_name, op } => {
write!(f, "ALTER COLUMN {column_name} {op}")
}
AlterTableOperation::DisableRowLevelSecurity => {
write!(f, "DISABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY")
}
AlterTableOperation::DisableRule { name } => {
write!(f, "DISABLE RULE {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::DisableTrigger { name } => {
write!(f, "DISABLE TRIGGER {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::DropPartitions {
partitions,
if_exists,
} => write!(
f,
"DROP{ie} PARTITION ({})",
display_comma_separated(partitions),
ie = if *if_exists { " IF EXISTS" } else { "" }
),
AlterTableOperation::DropConstraint {
if_exists,
name,
drop_behavior,
} => {
write!(
f,
"DROP CONSTRAINT {}{}",
if *if_exists { "IF EXISTS " } else { "" },
name
)?;
if let Some(drop_behavior) = drop_behavior {
write!(f, " {drop_behavior}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::DropPrimaryKey { drop_behavior } => {
write!(f, "DROP PRIMARY KEY")?;
if let Some(drop_behavior) = drop_behavior {
write!(f, " {drop_behavior}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::DropForeignKey {
name,
drop_behavior,
} => {
write!(f, "DROP FOREIGN KEY {name}")?;
if let Some(drop_behavior) = drop_behavior {
write!(f, " {drop_behavior}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::DropIndex { name } => write!(f, "DROP INDEX {name}"),
AlterTableOperation::DropColumn {
has_column_keyword,
column_names: column_name,
if_exists,
drop_behavior,
} => {
write!(
f,
"DROP {}{}{}",
if *has_column_keyword { "COLUMN " } else { "" },
if *if_exists { "IF EXISTS " } else { "" },
display_comma_separated(column_name),
)?;
if let Some(drop_behavior) = drop_behavior {
write!(f, " {drop_behavior}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::AttachPartition { partition } => {
write!(f, "ATTACH {partition}")
}
AlterTableOperation::DetachPartition { partition } => {
write!(f, "DETACH {partition}")
}
AlterTableOperation::EnableAlwaysRule { name } => {
write!(f, "ENABLE ALWAYS RULE {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::EnableAlwaysTrigger { name } => {
write!(f, "ENABLE ALWAYS TRIGGER {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::EnableReplicaRule { name } => {
write!(f, "ENABLE REPLICA RULE {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::EnableReplicaTrigger { name } => {
write!(f, "ENABLE REPLICA TRIGGER {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::EnableRowLevelSecurity => {
write!(f, "ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY")
}
AlterTableOperation::EnableRule { name } => {
write!(f, "ENABLE RULE {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::EnableTrigger { name } => {
write!(f, "ENABLE TRIGGER {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::RenamePartitions {
old_partitions,
new_partitions,
} => write!(
f,
"PARTITION ({}) RENAME TO PARTITION ({})",
display_comma_separated(old_partitions),
display_comma_separated(new_partitions)
),
AlterTableOperation::RenameColumn {
old_column_name,
new_column_name,
} => write!(f, "RENAME COLUMN {old_column_name} TO {new_column_name}"),
AlterTableOperation::RenameTable { table_name } => {
write!(f, "RENAME {table_name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::ChangeColumn {
old_name,
new_name,
data_type,
options,
column_position,
} => {
write!(f, "CHANGE COLUMN {old_name} {new_name} {data_type}")?;
if !options.is_empty() {
write!(f, " {}", display_separated(options, " "))?;
}
if let Some(position) = column_position {
write!(f, " {position}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::ModifyColumn {
col_name,
data_type,
options,
column_position,
} => {
write!(f, "MODIFY COLUMN {col_name} {data_type}")?;
if !options.is_empty() {
write!(f, " {}", display_separated(options, " "))?;
}
if let Some(position) = column_position {
write!(f, " {position}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::RenameConstraint { old_name, new_name } => {
write!(f, "RENAME CONSTRAINT {old_name} TO {new_name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::SwapWith { table_name } => {
write!(f, "SWAP WITH {table_name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::OwnerTo { new_owner } => {
write!(f, "OWNER TO {new_owner}")
}
AlterTableOperation::SetTblProperties { table_properties } => {
write!(
f,
"SET TBLPROPERTIES({})",
display_comma_separated(table_properties)
)
}
AlterTableOperation::FreezePartition {
partition,
with_name,
} => {
write!(f, "FREEZE {partition}")?;
if let Some(name) = with_name {
write!(f, " WITH NAME {name}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::UnfreezePartition {
partition,
with_name,
} => {
write!(f, "UNFREEZE {partition}")?;
if let Some(name) = with_name {
write!(f, " WITH NAME {name}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::ClusterBy { exprs } => {
write!(f, "CLUSTER BY ({})", display_comma_separated(exprs))?;
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::DropClusteringKey => {
write!(f, "DROP CLUSTERING KEY")?;
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::SuspendRecluster => {
write!(f, "SUSPEND RECLUSTER")?;
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::ResumeRecluster => {
write!(f, "RESUME RECLUSTER")?;
Ok(())
}
AlterTableOperation::Refresh => {
write!(f, "REFRESH")
}
AlterTableOperation::Suspend => {
write!(f, "SUSPEND")
}
AlterTableOperation::Resume => {
write!(f, "RESUME")
}
AlterTableOperation::AutoIncrement { equals, value } => {
write!(
f,
"AUTO_INCREMENT {}{}",
if *equals { "= " } else { "" },
value
)
}
AlterTableOperation::Lock { equals, lock } => {
write!(f, "LOCK {}{}", if *equals { "= " } else { "" }, lock)
}
AlterTableOperation::ReplicaIdentity { identity } => {
write!(f, "REPLICA IDENTITY {identity}")
}
AlterTableOperation::ValidateConstraint { name } => {
write!(f, "VALIDATE CONSTRAINT {name}")
}
AlterTableOperation::SetOptionsParens { options } => {
write!(f, "SET ({})", display_comma_separated(options))
}
}
}
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterIndexOperation {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
AlterIndexOperation::RenameIndex { index_name } => {
write!(f, "RENAME TO {index_name}")
}
}
}
}
/// An `ALTER TYPE` statement (`Statement::AlterType`)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct AlterType {
pub name: ObjectName,
pub operation: AlterTypeOperation,
}
/// An [AlterType] operation
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterTypeOperation {
Rename(AlterTypeRename),
AddValue(AlterTypeAddValue),
RenameValue(AlterTypeRenameValue),
}
/// See [AlterTypeOperation::Rename]
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct AlterTypeRename {
pub new_name: Ident,
}
/// See [AlterTypeOperation::AddValue]
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct AlterTypeAddValue {
pub if_not_exists: bool,
pub value: Ident,
pub position: Option<AlterTypeAddValuePosition>,
}
/// See [AlterTypeAddValue]
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterTypeAddValuePosition {
Before(Ident),
After(Ident),
}
/// See [AlterTypeOperation::RenameValue]
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct AlterTypeRenameValue {
pub from: Ident,
pub to: Ident,
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterTypeOperation {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::Rename(AlterTypeRename { new_name }) => {
write!(f, "RENAME TO {new_name}")
}
Self::AddValue(AlterTypeAddValue {
if_not_exists,
value,
position,
}) => {
write!(f, "ADD VALUE")?;
if *if_not_exists {
write!(f, " IF NOT EXISTS")?;
}
write!(f, " {value}")?;
match position {
Some(AlterTypeAddValuePosition::Before(neighbor_value)) => {
write!(f, " BEFORE {neighbor_value}")?;
}
Some(AlterTypeAddValuePosition::After(neighbor_value)) => {
write!(f, " AFTER {neighbor_value}")?;
}
None => {}
};
Ok(())
}
Self::RenameValue(AlterTypeRenameValue { from, to }) => {
write!(f, "RENAME VALUE {from} TO {to}")
}
}
}
}
/// An `ALTER COLUMN` (`Statement::AlterTable`) operation
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterColumnOperation {
/// `SET NOT NULL`
SetNotNull,
/// `DROP NOT NULL`
DropNotNull,
/// `SET DEFAULT <expr>`
SetDefault { value: Expr },
/// `DROP DEFAULT`
DropDefault,
/// `[SET DATA] TYPE <data_type> [USING <expr>]`
SetDataType {
data_type: DataType,
/// PostgreSQL specific
using: Option<Expr>,
/// Set to true if the statement includes the `SET DATA TYPE` keywords
had_set: bool,
},
/// `ADD GENERATED { ALWAYS | BY DEFAULT } AS IDENTITY [ ( sequence_options ) ]`
///
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific operation.
AddGenerated {
generated_as: Option<GeneratedAs>,
sequence_options: Option<Vec<SequenceOptions>>,
},
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterColumnOperation {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
AlterColumnOperation::SetNotNull => write!(f, "SET NOT NULL",),
AlterColumnOperation::DropNotNull => write!(f, "DROP NOT NULL",),
AlterColumnOperation::SetDefault { value } => {
write!(f, "SET DEFAULT {value}")
}
AlterColumnOperation::DropDefault => {
write!(f, "DROP DEFAULT")
}
AlterColumnOperation::SetDataType {
data_type,
using,
had_set,
} => {
if *had_set {
write!(f, "SET DATA ")?;
}
write!(f, "TYPE {data_type}")?;
if let Some(expr) = using {
write!(f, " USING {expr}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterColumnOperation::AddGenerated {
generated_as,
sequence_options,
} => {
let generated_as = match generated_as {
Some(GeneratedAs::Always) => " ALWAYS",
Some(GeneratedAs::ByDefault) => " BY DEFAULT",
_ => "",
};
write!(f, "ADD GENERATED{generated_as} AS IDENTITY",)?;
if let Some(options) = sequence_options {
write!(f, " (")?;
for sequence_option in options {
write!(f, "{sequence_option}")?;
}
write!(f, " )")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
}
}
/// Representation whether a definition can can contains the KEY or INDEX keywords with the same
/// meaning.
///
/// This enum initially is directed to `FULLTEXT`,`SPATIAL`, and `UNIQUE` indexes on create table
/// statements of `MySQL` [(1)].
///
/// [1]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table.html
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum KeyOrIndexDisplay {
/// Nothing to display
None,
/// Display the KEY keyword
Key,
/// Display the INDEX keyword
Index,
}
impl KeyOrIndexDisplay {
pub fn is_none(self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Self::None)
}
}
impl fmt::Display for KeyOrIndexDisplay {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
let left_space = matches!(f.align(), Some(fmt::Alignment::Right));
if left_space && !self.is_none() {
f.write_char(' ')?
}
match self {
KeyOrIndexDisplay::None => {
write!(f, "")
}
KeyOrIndexDisplay::Key => {
write!(f, "KEY")
}
KeyOrIndexDisplay::Index => {
write!(f, "INDEX")
}
}
}
}
/// Indexing method used by that index.
///
/// This structure isn't present on ANSI, but is found at least in [`MySQL` CREATE TABLE][1],
/// [`MySQL` CREATE INDEX][2], and [Postgresql CREATE INDEX][3] statements.
///
/// [1]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-table.html
/// [2]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/create-index.html
/// [3]: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/14/sql-createindex.html
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum IndexType {
BTree,
Hash,
GIN,
GiST,
SPGiST,
BRIN,
Bloom,
/// Users may define their own index types, which would
/// not be covered by the above variants.
Custom(Ident),
}
impl fmt::Display for IndexType {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::BTree => write!(f, "BTREE"),
Self::Hash => write!(f, "HASH"),
Self::GIN => write!(f, "GIN"),
Self::GiST => write!(f, "GIST"),
Self::SPGiST => write!(f, "SPGIST"),
Self::BRIN => write!(f, "BRIN"),
Self::Bloom => write!(f, "BLOOM"),
Self::Custom(name) => write!(f, "{name}"),
}
}
}
/// MySQL index option, used in [`CREATE TABLE`], [`CREATE INDEX`], and [`ALTER TABLE`].
///
/// [`CREATE TABLE`]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/create-table.html
/// [`CREATE INDEX`]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/create-index.html
/// [`ALTER TABLE`]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum IndexOption {
/// `USING { BTREE | HASH }`: Index type to use for the index.
///
/// Note that we permissively parse non-MySQL index types, like `GIN`.
Using(IndexType),
/// `COMMENT 'string'`: Specifies a comment for the index.
Comment(String),
}
impl fmt::Display for IndexOption {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::Using(index_type) => write!(f, "USING {index_type}"),
Self::Comment(s) => write!(f, "COMMENT '{s}'"),
}
}
}
/// [PostgreSQL] unique index nulls handling option: `[ NULLS [ NOT ] DISTINCT ]`
///
/// [PostgreSQL]: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/17/sql-altertable.html
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum NullsDistinctOption {
/// Not specified
None,
/// NULLS DISTINCT
Distinct,
/// NULLS NOT DISTINCT
NotDistinct,
}
impl fmt::Display for NullsDistinctOption {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::None => Ok(()),
Self::Distinct => write!(f, " NULLS DISTINCT"),
Self::NotDistinct => write!(f, " NULLS NOT DISTINCT"),
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct ProcedureParam {
pub name: Ident,
pub data_type: DataType,
pub mode: Option<ArgMode>,
pub default: Option<Expr>,
}
impl fmt::Display for ProcedureParam {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
if let Some(mode) = &self.mode {
if let Some(default) = &self.default {
write!(f, "{mode} {} {} = {}", self.name, self.data_type, default)
} else {
write!(f, "{mode} {} {}", self.name, self.data_type)
}
} else if let Some(default) = &self.default {
write!(f, "{} {} = {}", self.name, self.data_type, default)
} else {
write!(f, "{} {}", self.name, self.data_type)
}
}
}
/// SQL column definition
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct ColumnDef {
pub name: Ident,
pub data_type: DataType,
pub options: Vec<ColumnOptionDef>,
}
impl fmt::Display for ColumnDef {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
if self.data_type == DataType::Unspecified {
write!(f, "{}", self.name)?;
} else {
write!(f, "{} {}", self.name, self.data_type)?;
}
for option in &self.options {
write!(f, " {option}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// Column definition specified in a `CREATE VIEW` statement.
///
/// Syntax
/// ```markdown
/// <name> [data_type][OPTIONS(option, ...)]
///
/// option: <name> = <value>
/// ```
///
/// Examples:
/// ```sql
/// name
/// age OPTIONS(description = "age column", tag = "prod")
/// amount COMMENT 'The total amount for the order line'
/// created_at DateTime64
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct ViewColumnDef {
pub name: Ident,
pub data_type: Option<DataType>,
pub options: Option<ColumnOptions>,
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum ColumnOptions {
CommaSeparated(Vec<ColumnOption>),
SpaceSeparated(Vec<ColumnOption>),
}
impl ColumnOptions {
pub fn as_slice(&self) -> &[ColumnOption] {
match self {
ColumnOptions::CommaSeparated(options) => options.as_slice(),
ColumnOptions::SpaceSeparated(options) => options.as_slice(),
}
}
}
impl fmt::Display for ViewColumnDef {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "{}", self.name)?;
if let Some(data_type) = self.data_type.as_ref() {
write!(f, " {data_type}")?;
}
if let Some(options) = self.options.as_ref() {
match options {
ColumnOptions::CommaSeparated(column_options) => {
write!(f, " {}", display_comma_separated(column_options.as_slice()))?;
}
ColumnOptions::SpaceSeparated(column_options) => {
write!(f, " {}", display_separated(column_options.as_slice(), " "))?
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// An optionally-named `ColumnOption`: `[ CONSTRAINT <name> ] <column-option>`.
///
/// Note that implementations are substantially more permissive than the ANSI
/// specification on what order column options can be presented in, and whether
/// they are allowed to be named. The specification distinguishes between
/// constraints (NOT NULL, UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, and CHECK), which can be named
/// and can appear in any order, and other options (DEFAULT, GENERATED), which
/// cannot be named and must appear in a fixed order. `PostgreSQL`, however,
/// allows preceding any option with `CONSTRAINT <name>`, even those that are
/// not really constraints, like NULL and DEFAULT. MSSQL is less permissive,
/// allowing DEFAULT, UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY and CHECK to be named, but not NULL or
/// NOT NULL constraints (the last of which is in violation of the spec).
///
/// For maximum flexibility, we don't distinguish between constraint and
/// non-constraint options, lumping them all together under the umbrella of
/// "column options," and we allow any column option to be named.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct ColumnOptionDef {
pub name: Option<Ident>,
pub option: ColumnOption,
}
impl fmt::Display for ColumnOptionDef {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "{}{}", display_constraint_name(&self.name), self.option)
}
}
/// Identity is a column option for defining an identity or autoincrement column in a `CREATE TABLE` statement.
/// Syntax
/// ```sql
/// { IDENTITY | AUTOINCREMENT } [ (seed , increment) | START num INCREMENT num ] [ ORDER | NOORDER ]
/// ```
/// [MS SQL Server]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-table-transact-sql-identity-property
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum IdentityPropertyKind {
/// An identity property declared via the `AUTOINCREMENT` key word
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// AUTOINCREMENT(100, 1) NOORDER
/// AUTOINCREMENT START 100 INCREMENT 1 ORDER
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
Autoincrement(IdentityProperty),
/// An identity property declared via the `IDENTITY` key word
/// Example, [MS SQL Server] or [Snowflake]:
/// ```sql
/// IDENTITY(100, 1)
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]
/// ```sql
/// IDENTITY(100, 1) ORDER
/// IDENTITY START 100 INCREMENT 1 NOORDER
/// ```
/// [MS SQL Server]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-table-transact-sql-identity-property
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
Identity(IdentityProperty),
}
impl fmt::Display for IdentityPropertyKind {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
let (command, property) = match self {
IdentityPropertyKind::Identity(property) => ("IDENTITY", property),
IdentityPropertyKind::Autoincrement(property) => ("AUTOINCREMENT", property),
};
write!(f, "{command}")?;
if let Some(parameters) = &property.parameters {
write!(f, "{parameters}")?;
}
if let Some(order) = &property.order {
write!(f, "{order}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct IdentityProperty {
pub parameters: Option<IdentityPropertyFormatKind>,
pub order: Option<IdentityPropertyOrder>,
}
/// A format of parameters of identity column.
///
/// It is [Snowflake] specific.
/// Syntax
/// ```sql
/// (seed , increment) | START num INCREMENT num
/// ```
/// [MS SQL Server] uses one way of representing these parameters.
/// Syntax
/// ```sql
/// (seed , increment)
/// ```
/// [MS SQL Server]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-table-transact-sql-identity-property
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum IdentityPropertyFormatKind {
/// A parameters of identity column declared like parameters of function call
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// (100, 1)
/// ```
/// [MS SQL Server]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-table-transact-sql-identity-property
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
FunctionCall(IdentityParameters),
/// A parameters of identity column declared with keywords `START` and `INCREMENT`
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// START 100 INCREMENT 1
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
StartAndIncrement(IdentityParameters),
}
impl fmt::Display for IdentityPropertyFormatKind {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
IdentityPropertyFormatKind::FunctionCall(parameters) => {
write!(f, "({}, {})", parameters.seed, parameters.increment)
}
IdentityPropertyFormatKind::StartAndIncrement(parameters) => {
write!(
f,
" START {} INCREMENT {}",
parameters.seed, parameters.increment
)
}
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct IdentityParameters {
pub seed: Expr,
pub increment: Expr,
}
/// The identity column option specifies how values are generated for the auto-incremented column, either in increasing or decreasing order.
/// Syntax
/// ```sql
/// ORDER | NOORDER
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum IdentityPropertyOrder {
Order,
NoOrder,
}
impl fmt::Display for IdentityPropertyOrder {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
IdentityPropertyOrder::Order => write!(f, " ORDER"),
IdentityPropertyOrder::NoOrder => write!(f, " NOORDER"),
}
}
}
/// Column policy that identify a security policy of access to a column.
/// Syntax
/// ```sql
/// [ WITH ] MASKING POLICY <policy_name> [ USING ( <col_name> , <cond_col1> , ... ) ]
/// [ WITH ] PROJECTION POLICY <policy_name>
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum ColumnPolicy {
MaskingPolicy(ColumnPolicyProperty),
ProjectionPolicy(ColumnPolicyProperty),
}
impl fmt::Display for ColumnPolicy {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
let (command, property) = match self {
ColumnPolicy::MaskingPolicy(property) => ("MASKING POLICY", property),
ColumnPolicy::ProjectionPolicy(property) => ("PROJECTION POLICY", property),
};
if property.with {
write!(f, "WITH ")?;
}
write!(f, "{command} {}", property.policy_name)?;
if let Some(using_columns) = &property.using_columns {
write!(f, " USING ({})", display_comma_separated(using_columns))?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct ColumnPolicyProperty {
/// This flag indicates that the column policy option is declared using the `WITH` prefix.
/// Example
/// ```sql
/// WITH PROJECTION POLICY sample_policy
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
pub with: bool,
pub policy_name: ObjectName,
pub using_columns: Option<Vec<Ident>>,
}
/// Tags option of column
/// Syntax
/// ```sql
/// [ WITH ] TAG ( <tag_name> = '<tag_value>' [ , <tag_name> = '<tag_value>' , ... ] )
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct TagsColumnOption {
/// This flag indicates that the tags option is declared using the `WITH` prefix.
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// WITH TAG (A = 'Tag A')
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
pub with: bool,
pub tags: Vec<Tag>,
}
impl fmt::Display for TagsColumnOption {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
if self.with {
write!(f, "WITH ")?;
}
write!(f, "TAG ({})", display_comma_separated(&self.tags))?;
Ok(())
}
}
/// `ColumnOption`s are modifiers that follow a column definition in a `CREATE
/// TABLE` statement.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum ColumnOption {
/// `NULL`
Null,
/// `NOT NULL`
NotNull,
/// `DEFAULT <restricted-expr>`
Default(Expr),
/// `MATERIALIZE <expr>`
/// Syntax: `b INT MATERIALIZE (a + 1)`
///
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/create/table#default_values)
Materialized(Expr),
/// `EPHEMERAL [<expr>]`
///
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/create/table#default_values)
Ephemeral(Option<Expr>),
/// `ALIAS <expr>`
///
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/create/table#default_values)
Alias(Expr),
/// `PRIMARY KEY [<constraint_characteristics>]`
PrimaryKey(PrimaryKeyConstraint),
/// `UNIQUE [<constraint_characteristics>]`
Unique(UniqueConstraint),
/// A referential integrity constraint (`REFERENCES <foreign_table> (<referred_columns>)
/// [ MATCH { FULL | PARTIAL | SIMPLE } ]
/// { [ON DELETE <referential_action>] [ON UPDATE <referential_action>] |
/// [ON UPDATE <referential_action>] [ON DELETE <referential_action>]
/// }
/// [<constraint_characteristics>]
/// `).
ForeignKey(ForeignKeyConstraint),
/// `CHECK (<expr>)`
Check(CheckConstraint),
/// Dialect-specific options, such as:
/// - MySQL's `AUTO_INCREMENT` or SQLite's `AUTOINCREMENT`
/// - ...
DialectSpecific(Vec<Token>),
CharacterSet(ObjectName),
Collation(ObjectName),
Comment(String),
OnUpdate(Expr),
/// `Generated`s are modifiers that follow a column definition in a `CREATE
/// TABLE` statement.
Generated {
generated_as: GeneratedAs,
sequence_options: Option<Vec<SequenceOptions>>,
generation_expr: Option<Expr>,
generation_expr_mode: Option<GeneratedExpressionMode>,
/// false if 'GENERATED ALWAYS' is skipped (option starts with AS)
generated_keyword: bool,
},
/// BigQuery specific: Explicit column options in a view [1] or table [2]
/// Syntax
/// ```sql
/// OPTIONS(description="field desc")
/// ```
/// [1]: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#view_column_option_list
/// [2]: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#column_option_list
Options(Vec<SqlOption>),
/// Creates an identity or an autoincrement column in a table.
/// Syntax
/// ```sql
/// { IDENTITY | AUTOINCREMENT } [ (seed , increment) | START num INCREMENT num ] [ ORDER | NOORDER ]
/// ```
/// [MS SQL Server]: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-table-transact-sql-identity-property
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
Identity(IdentityPropertyKind),
/// SQLite specific: ON CONFLICT option on column definition
/// <https://www.sqlite.org/lang_conflict.html>
OnConflict(Keyword),
/// Snowflake specific: an option of specifying security masking or projection policy to set on a column.
/// Syntax:
/// ```sql
/// [ WITH ] MASKING POLICY <policy_name> [ USING ( <col_name> , <cond_col1> , ... ) ]
/// [ WITH ] PROJECTION POLICY <policy_name>
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
Policy(ColumnPolicy),
/// Snowflake specific: Specifies the tag name and the tag string value.
/// Syntax:
/// ```sql
/// [ WITH ] TAG ( <tag_name> = '<tag_value>' [ , <tag_name> = '<tag_value>' , ... ] )
/// ```
/// [Snowflake]: https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table
Tags(TagsColumnOption),
/// MySQL specific: Spatial reference identifier
/// Syntax:
/// ```sql
/// CREATE TABLE geom (g GEOMETRY NOT NULL SRID 4326);
/// ```
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/creating-spatial-indexes.html
Srid(Box<Expr>),
/// MySQL specific: Column is invisible via SELECT *
/// Syntax:
/// ```sql
/// CREATE TABLE t (foo INT, bar INT INVISIBLE);
/// ```
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/invisible-columns.html
Invisible,
}
impl From<UniqueConstraint> for ColumnOption {
fn from(c: UniqueConstraint) -> Self {
ColumnOption::Unique(c)
}
}
impl From<PrimaryKeyConstraint> for ColumnOption {
fn from(c: PrimaryKeyConstraint) -> Self {
ColumnOption::PrimaryKey(c)
}
}
impl From<CheckConstraint> for ColumnOption {
fn from(c: CheckConstraint) -> Self {
ColumnOption::Check(c)
}
}
impl From<ForeignKeyConstraint> for ColumnOption {
fn from(fk: ForeignKeyConstraint) -> Self {
ColumnOption::ForeignKey(fk)
}
}
impl fmt::Display for ColumnOption {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
use ColumnOption::*;
match self {
Null => write!(f, "NULL"),
NotNull => write!(f, "NOT NULL"),
Default(expr) => write!(f, "DEFAULT {expr}"),
Materialized(expr) => write!(f, "MATERIALIZED {expr}"),
Ephemeral(expr) => {
if let Some(e) = expr {
write!(f, "EPHEMERAL {e}")
} else {
write!(f, "EPHEMERAL")
}
}
Alias(expr) => write!(f, "ALIAS {expr}"),
PrimaryKey(constraint) => {
write!(f, "PRIMARY KEY")?;
if let Some(characteristics) = &constraint.characteristics {
write!(f, " {characteristics}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
Unique(constraint) => {
write!(f, "UNIQUE")?;
if let Some(characteristics) = &constraint.characteristics {
write!(f, " {characteristics}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
ForeignKey(constraint) => {
write!(f, "REFERENCES {}", constraint.foreign_table)?;
if !constraint.referred_columns.is_empty() {
write!(
f,
" ({})",
display_comma_separated(&constraint.referred_columns)
)?;
}
if let Some(match_kind) = &constraint.match_kind {
write!(f, " {match_kind}")?;
}
if let Some(action) = &constraint.on_delete {
write!(f, " ON DELETE {action}")?;
}
if let Some(action) = &constraint.on_update {
write!(f, " ON UPDATE {action}")?;
}
if let Some(characteristics) = &constraint.characteristics {
write!(f, " {characteristics}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
Check(constraint) => write!(f, "{constraint}"),
DialectSpecific(val) => write!(f, "{}", display_separated(val, " ")),
CharacterSet(n) => write!(f, "CHARACTER SET {n}"),
Collation(n) => write!(f, "COLLATE {n}"),
Comment(v) => write!(f, "COMMENT '{}'", escape_single_quote_string(v)),
OnUpdate(expr) => write!(f, "ON UPDATE {expr}"),
Generated {
generated_as,
sequence_options,
generation_expr,
generation_expr_mode,
generated_keyword,
} => {
if let Some(expr) = generation_expr {
let modifier = match generation_expr_mode {
None => "",
Some(GeneratedExpressionMode::Virtual) => " VIRTUAL",
Some(GeneratedExpressionMode::Stored) => " STORED",
};
if *generated_keyword {
write!(f, "GENERATED ALWAYS AS ({expr}){modifier}")?;
} else {
write!(f, "AS ({expr}){modifier}")?;
}
Ok(())
} else {
// Like Postgres - generated from sequence
let when = match generated_as {
GeneratedAs::Always => "ALWAYS",
GeneratedAs::ByDefault => "BY DEFAULT",
// ExpStored goes with an expression, handled above
GeneratedAs::ExpStored => unreachable!(),
};
write!(f, "GENERATED {when} AS IDENTITY")?;
if sequence_options.is_some() {
let so = sequence_options.as_ref().unwrap();
if !so.is_empty() {
write!(f, " (")?;
}
for sequence_option in so {
write!(f, "{sequence_option}")?;
}
if !so.is_empty() {
write!(f, " )")?;
}
}
Ok(())
}
}
Options(options) => {
write!(f, "OPTIONS({})", display_comma_separated(options))
}
Identity(parameters) => {
write!(f, "{parameters}")
}
OnConflict(keyword) => {
write!(f, "ON CONFLICT {keyword:?}")?;
Ok(())
}
Policy(parameters) => {
write!(f, "{parameters}")
}
Tags(tags) => {
write!(f, "{tags}")
}
Srid(srid) => {
write!(f, "SRID {srid}")
}
Invisible => {
write!(f, "INVISIBLE")
}
}
}
}
/// `GeneratedAs`s are modifiers that follow a column option in a `generated`.
/// 'ExpStored' is used for a column generated from an expression and stored.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum GeneratedAs {
Always,
ByDefault,
ExpStored,
}
/// `GeneratedExpressionMode`s are modifiers that follow an expression in a `generated`.
/// No modifier is typically the same as Virtual.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum GeneratedExpressionMode {
Virtual,
Stored,
}
#[must_use]
pub(crate) fn display_constraint_name(name: &'_ Option<Ident>) -> impl fmt::Display + '_ {
struct ConstraintName<'a>(&'a Option<Ident>);
impl fmt::Display for ConstraintName<'_> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
if let Some(name) = self.0 {
write!(f, "CONSTRAINT {name} ")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
ConstraintName(name)
}
/// If `option` is
/// * `Some(inner)` => create display struct for `"{prefix}{inner}{postfix}"`
/// * `_` => do nothing
#[must_use]
pub(crate) fn display_option<'a, T: fmt::Display>(
prefix: &'a str,
postfix: &'a str,
option: &'a Option<T>,
) -> impl fmt::Display + 'a {
struct OptionDisplay<'a, T>(&'a str, &'a str, &'a Option<T>);
impl<T: fmt::Display> fmt::Display for OptionDisplay<'_, T> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
if let Some(inner) = self.2 {
let (prefix, postfix) = (self.0, self.1);
write!(f, "{prefix}{inner}{postfix}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
OptionDisplay(prefix, postfix, option)
}
/// If `option` is
/// * `Some(inner)` => create display struct for `" {inner}"`
/// * `_` => do nothing
#[must_use]
pub(crate) fn display_option_spaced<T: fmt::Display>(option: &Option<T>) -> impl fmt::Display + '_ {
display_option(" ", "", option)
}
/// `<constraint_characteristics> = [ DEFERRABLE | NOT DEFERRABLE ] [ INITIALLY DEFERRED | INITIALLY IMMEDIATE ] [ ENFORCED | NOT ENFORCED ]`
///
/// Used in UNIQUE and foreign key constraints. The individual settings may occur in any order.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Default, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct ConstraintCharacteristics {
/// `[ DEFERRABLE | NOT DEFERRABLE ]`
pub deferrable: Option<bool>,
/// `[ INITIALLY DEFERRED | INITIALLY IMMEDIATE ]`
pub initially: Option<DeferrableInitial>,
/// `[ ENFORCED | NOT ENFORCED ]`
pub enforced: Option<bool>,
}
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum DeferrableInitial {
/// `INITIALLY IMMEDIATE`
Immediate,
/// `INITIALLY DEFERRED`
Deferred,
}
impl ConstraintCharacteristics {
fn deferrable_text(&self) -> Option<&'static str> {
self.deferrable.map(|deferrable| {
if deferrable {
"DEFERRABLE"
} else {
"NOT DEFERRABLE"
}
})
}
fn initially_immediate_text(&self) -> Option<&'static str> {
self.initially
.map(|initially_immediate| match initially_immediate {
DeferrableInitial::Immediate => "INITIALLY IMMEDIATE",
DeferrableInitial::Deferred => "INITIALLY DEFERRED",
})
}
fn enforced_text(&self) -> Option<&'static str> {
self.enforced.map(
|enforced| {
if enforced {
"ENFORCED"
} else {
"NOT ENFORCED"
}
},
)
}
}
impl fmt::Display for ConstraintCharacteristics {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
let deferrable = self.deferrable_text();
let initially_immediate = self.initially_immediate_text();
let enforced = self.enforced_text();
match (deferrable, initially_immediate, enforced) {
(None, None, None) => Ok(()),
(None, None, Some(enforced)) => write!(f, "{enforced}"),
(None, Some(initial), None) => write!(f, "{initial}"),
(None, Some(initial), Some(enforced)) => write!(f, "{initial} {enforced}"),
(Some(deferrable), None, None) => write!(f, "{deferrable}"),
(Some(deferrable), None, Some(enforced)) => write!(f, "{deferrable} {enforced}"),
(Some(deferrable), Some(initial), None) => write!(f, "{deferrable} {initial}"),
(Some(deferrable), Some(initial), Some(enforced)) => {
write!(f, "{deferrable} {initial} {enforced}")
}
}
}
}
/// `<referential_action> =
/// { RESTRICT | CASCADE | SET NULL | NO ACTION | SET DEFAULT }`
///
/// Used in foreign key constraints in `ON UPDATE` and `ON DELETE` options.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum ReferentialAction {
Restrict,
Cascade,
SetNull,
NoAction,
SetDefault,
}
impl fmt::Display for ReferentialAction {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
f.write_str(match self {
ReferentialAction::Restrict => "RESTRICT",
ReferentialAction::Cascade => "CASCADE",
ReferentialAction::SetNull => "SET NULL",
ReferentialAction::NoAction => "NO ACTION",
ReferentialAction::SetDefault => "SET DEFAULT",
})
}
}
/// `<drop behavior> ::= CASCADE | RESTRICT`.
///
/// Used in `DROP` statements.
#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum DropBehavior {
Restrict,
Cascade,
}
impl fmt::Display for DropBehavior {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
f.write_str(match self {
DropBehavior::Restrict => "RESTRICT",
DropBehavior::Cascade => "CASCADE",
})
}
}
/// SQL user defined type definition
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum UserDefinedTypeRepresentation {
Composite {
attributes: Vec<UserDefinedTypeCompositeAttributeDef>,
},
/// Note: this is PostgreSQL-specific. See <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createtype.html>
Enum { labels: Vec<Ident> },
}
impl fmt::Display for UserDefinedTypeRepresentation {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
UserDefinedTypeRepresentation::Composite { attributes } => {
write!(f, "({})", display_comma_separated(attributes))
}
UserDefinedTypeRepresentation::Enum { labels } => {
write!(f, "ENUM ({})", display_comma_separated(labels))
}
}
}
}
/// SQL user defined type attribute definition
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct UserDefinedTypeCompositeAttributeDef {
pub name: Ident,
pub data_type: DataType,
pub collation: Option<ObjectName>,
}
impl fmt::Display for UserDefinedTypeCompositeAttributeDef {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "{} {}", self.name, self.data_type)?;
if let Some(collation) = &self.collation {
write!(f, " COLLATE {collation}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// PARTITION statement used in ALTER TABLE et al. such as in Hive and ClickHouse SQL.
/// For example, ClickHouse's OPTIMIZE TABLE supports syntax like PARTITION ID 'partition_id' and PARTITION expr.
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/optimize)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum Partition {
Identifier(Ident),
Expr(Expr),
/// ClickHouse supports PART expr which represents physical partition in disk.
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/partition#attach-partitionpart)
Part(Expr),
Partitions(Vec<Expr>),
}
impl fmt::Display for Partition {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Partition::Identifier(id) => write!(f, "PARTITION ID {id}"),
Partition::Expr(expr) => write!(f, "PARTITION {expr}"),
Partition::Part(expr) => write!(f, "PART {expr}"),
Partition::Partitions(partitions) => {
write!(f, "PARTITION ({})", display_comma_separated(partitions))
}
}
}
}
/// DEDUPLICATE statement used in OPTIMIZE TABLE et al. such as in ClickHouse SQL
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/optimize)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum Deduplicate {
All,
ByExpression(Expr),
}
impl fmt::Display for Deduplicate {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Deduplicate::All => write!(f, "DEDUPLICATE"),
Deduplicate::ByExpression(expr) => write!(f, "DEDUPLICATE BY {expr}"),
}
}
}
/// Hive supports `CLUSTERED BY` statement in `CREATE TABLE`.
/// Syntax: `CLUSTERED BY (col_name, ...) [SORTED BY (col_name [ASC|DESC], ...)] INTO num_buckets BUCKETS`
///
/// [Hive](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+DDL#LanguageManualDDL-CreateTable)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct ClusteredBy {
pub columns: Vec<Ident>,
pub sorted_by: Option<Vec<OrderByExpr>>,
pub num_buckets: Value,
}
impl fmt::Display for ClusteredBy {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"CLUSTERED BY ({})",
display_comma_separated(&self.columns)
)?;
if let Some(ref sorted_by) = self.sorted_by {
write!(f, " SORTED BY ({})", display_comma_separated(sorted_by))?;
}
write!(f, " INTO {} BUCKETS", self.num_buckets)
}
}
/// CREATE INDEX statement.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct CreateIndex {
/// index name
pub name: Option<ObjectName>,
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", visit(with = "visit_relation"))]
pub table_name: ObjectName,
/// Index type used in the statement. Can also be found inside [`CreateIndex::index_options`]
/// depending on the position of the option within the statement.
pub using: Option<IndexType>,
pub columns: Vec<IndexColumn>,
pub unique: bool,
pub concurrently: bool,
pub if_not_exists: bool,
pub include: Vec<Ident>,
pub nulls_distinct: Option<bool>,
/// WITH clause: <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createindex.html>
pub with: Vec<Expr>,
pub predicate: Option<Expr>,
pub index_options: Vec<IndexOption>,
/// [MySQL] allows a subset of options normally used for `ALTER TABLE`:
///
/// - `ALGORITHM`
/// - `LOCK`
///
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/create-index.html
pub alter_options: Vec<AlterTableOperation>,
}
impl fmt::Display for CreateIndex {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"CREATE {unique}INDEX {concurrently}{if_not_exists}",
unique = if self.unique { "UNIQUE " } else { "" },
concurrently = if self.concurrently {
"CONCURRENTLY "
} else {
""
},
if_not_exists = if self.if_not_exists {
"IF NOT EXISTS "
} else {
""
},
)?;
if let Some(value) = &self.name {
write!(f, "{value} ")?;
}
write!(f, "ON {}", self.table_name)?;
if let Some(value) = &self.using {
write!(f, " USING {value} ")?;
}
write!(f, "({})", display_comma_separated(&self.columns))?;
if !self.include.is_empty() {
write!(f, " INCLUDE ({})", display_comma_separated(&self.include))?;
}
if let Some(value) = self.nulls_distinct {
if value {
write!(f, " NULLS DISTINCT")?;
} else {
write!(f, " NULLS NOT DISTINCT")?;
}
}
if !self.with.is_empty() {
write!(f, " WITH ({})", display_comma_separated(&self.with))?;
}
if let Some(predicate) = &self.predicate {
write!(f, " WHERE {predicate}")?;
}
if !self.index_options.is_empty() {
write!(f, " {}", display_separated(&self.index_options, " "))?;
}
if !self.alter_options.is_empty() {
write!(f, " {}", display_separated(&self.alter_options, " "))?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// CREATE TABLE statement.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct CreateTable {
pub or_replace: bool,
pub temporary: bool,
pub external: bool,
pub dynamic: bool,
pub global: Option<bool>,
pub if_not_exists: bool,
pub transient: bool,
pub volatile: bool,
pub iceberg: bool,
/// Table name
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", visit(with = "visit_relation"))]
pub name: ObjectName,
/// Optional schema
pub columns: Vec<ColumnDef>,
pub constraints: Vec<TableConstraint>,
pub hive_distribution: HiveDistributionStyle,
pub hive_formats: Option<HiveFormat>,
pub table_options: CreateTableOptions,
pub file_format: Option<FileFormat>,
pub location: Option<String>,
pub query: Option<Box<Query>>,
pub without_rowid: bool,
pub like: Option<CreateTableLikeKind>,
pub clone: Option<ObjectName>,
pub version: Option<TableVersion>,
// For Hive dialect, the table comment is after the column definitions without `=`,
// so the `comment` field is optional and different than the comment field in the general options list.
// [Hive](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+DDL#LanguageManualDDL-CreateTable)
pub comment: Option<CommentDef>,
pub on_commit: Option<OnCommit>,
/// ClickHouse "ON CLUSTER" clause:
/// <https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/distributed-ddl/>
pub on_cluster: Option<Ident>,
/// ClickHouse "PRIMARY KEY " clause.
/// <https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/create/table/>
pub primary_key: Option<Box<Expr>>,
/// ClickHouse "ORDER BY " clause. Note that omitted ORDER BY is different
/// than empty (represented as ()), the latter meaning "no sorting".
/// <https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/create/table/>
pub order_by: Option<OneOrManyWithParens<Expr>>,
/// BigQuery: A partition expression for the table.
/// <https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#partition_expression>
pub partition_by: Option<Box<Expr>>,
/// BigQuery: Table clustering column list.
/// <https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#table_option_list>
/// Snowflake: Table clustering list which contains base column, expressions on base columns.
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/user-guide/tables-clustering-keys#defining-a-clustering-key-for-a-table>
pub cluster_by: Option<WrappedCollection<Vec<Expr>>>,
/// Hive: Table clustering column list.
/// <https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+DDL#LanguageManualDDL-CreateTable>
pub clustered_by: Option<ClusteredBy>,
/// Postgres `INHERITs` clause, which contains the list of tables from which
/// the new table inherits.
/// <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/ddl-inherit.html>
/// <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createtable.html#SQL-CREATETABLE-PARMS-INHERITS>
pub inherits: Option<Vec<ObjectName>>,
/// SQLite "STRICT" clause.
/// if the "STRICT" table-option keyword is added to the end, after the closing ")",
/// then strict typing rules apply to that table.
pub strict: bool,
/// Snowflake "COPY GRANTS" clause
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table>
pub copy_grants: bool,
/// Snowflake "ENABLE_SCHEMA_EVOLUTION" clause
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table>
pub enable_schema_evolution: Option<bool>,
/// Snowflake "CHANGE_TRACKING" clause
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table>
pub change_tracking: Option<bool>,
/// Snowflake "DATA_RETENTION_TIME_IN_DAYS" clause
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table>
pub data_retention_time_in_days: Option<u64>,
/// Snowflake "MAX_DATA_EXTENSION_TIME_IN_DAYS" clause
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table>
pub max_data_extension_time_in_days: Option<u64>,
/// Snowflake "DEFAULT_DDL_COLLATION" clause
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table>
pub default_ddl_collation: Option<String>,
/// Snowflake "WITH AGGREGATION POLICY" clause
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table>
pub with_aggregation_policy: Option<ObjectName>,
/// Snowflake "WITH ROW ACCESS POLICY" clause
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table>
pub with_row_access_policy: Option<RowAccessPolicy>,
/// Snowflake "WITH TAG" clause
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-table>
pub with_tags: Option<Vec<Tag>>,
/// Snowflake "EXTERNAL_VOLUME" clause for Iceberg tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-iceberg-table>
pub external_volume: Option<String>,
/// Snowflake "BASE_LOCATION" clause for Iceberg tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-iceberg-table>
pub base_location: Option<String>,
/// Snowflake "CATALOG" clause for Iceberg tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-iceberg-table>
pub catalog: Option<String>,
/// Snowflake "CATALOG_SYNC" clause for Iceberg tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-iceberg-table>
pub catalog_sync: Option<String>,
/// Snowflake "STORAGE_SERIALIZATION_POLICY" clause for Iceberg tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-iceberg-table>
pub storage_serialization_policy: Option<StorageSerializationPolicy>,
/// Snowflake "TARGET_LAG" clause for dybamic tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-dynamic-table>
pub target_lag: Option<String>,
/// Snowflake "WAREHOUSE" clause for dybamic tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-dynamic-table>
pub warehouse: Option<Ident>,
/// Snowflake "REFRESH_MODE" clause for dybamic tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-dynamic-table>
pub refresh_mode: Option<RefreshModeKind>,
/// Snowflake "INITIALIZE" clause for dybamic tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-dynamic-table>
pub initialize: Option<InitializeKind>,
/// Snowflake "REQUIRE USER" clause for dybamic tables
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-dynamic-table>
pub require_user: bool,
}
impl fmt::Display for CreateTable {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
// We want to allow the following options
// Empty column list, allowed by PostgreSQL:
// `CREATE TABLE t ()`
// No columns provided for CREATE TABLE AS:
// `CREATE TABLE t AS SELECT a from t2`
// Columns provided for CREATE TABLE AS:
// `CREATE TABLE t (a INT) AS SELECT a from t2`
write!(
f,
"CREATE {or_replace}{external}{global}{temporary}{transient}{volatile}{dynamic}{iceberg}TABLE {if_not_exists}{name}",
or_replace = if self.or_replace { "OR REPLACE " } else { "" },
external = if self.external { "EXTERNAL " } else { "" },
global = self.global
.map(|global| {
if global {
"GLOBAL "
} else {
"LOCAL "
}
})
.unwrap_or(""),
if_not_exists = if self.if_not_exists { "IF NOT EXISTS " } else { "" },
temporary = if self.temporary { "TEMPORARY " } else { "" },
transient = if self.transient { "TRANSIENT " } else { "" },
volatile = if self.volatile { "VOLATILE " } else { "" },
// Only for Snowflake
iceberg = if self.iceberg { "ICEBERG " } else { "" },
dynamic = if self.dynamic { "DYNAMIC " } else { "" },
name = self.name,
)?;
if let Some(on_cluster) = &self.on_cluster {
write!(f, " ON CLUSTER {on_cluster}")?;
}
if !self.columns.is_empty() || !self.constraints.is_empty() {
f.write_str(" (")?;
NewLine.fmt(f)?;
Indent(DisplayCommaSeparated(&self.columns)).fmt(f)?;
if !self.columns.is_empty() && !self.constraints.is_empty() {
f.write_str(",")?;
SpaceOrNewline.fmt(f)?;
}
Indent(DisplayCommaSeparated(&self.constraints)).fmt(f)?;
NewLine.fmt(f)?;
f.write_str(")")?;
} else if self.query.is_none() && self.like.is_none() && self.clone.is_none() {
// PostgreSQL allows `CREATE TABLE t ();`, but requires empty parens
f.write_str(" ()")?;
} else if let Some(CreateTableLikeKind::Parenthesized(like_in_columns_list)) = &self.like {
write!(f, " ({like_in_columns_list})")?;
}
// Hive table comment should be after column definitions, please refer to:
// [Hive](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+DDL#LanguageManualDDL-CreateTable)
if let Some(comment) = &self.comment {
write!(f, " COMMENT '{comment}'")?;
}
// Only for SQLite
if self.without_rowid {
write!(f, " WITHOUT ROWID")?;
}
if let Some(CreateTableLikeKind::Plain(like)) = &self.like {
write!(f, " {like}")?;
}
if let Some(c) = &self.clone {
write!(f, " CLONE {c}")?;
}
if let Some(version) = &self.version {
write!(f, " {version}")?;
}
match &self.hive_distribution {
HiveDistributionStyle::PARTITIONED { columns } => {
write!(f, " PARTITIONED BY ({})", display_comma_separated(columns))?;
}
HiveDistributionStyle::SKEWED {
columns,
on,
stored_as_directories,
} => {
write!(
f,
" SKEWED BY ({})) ON ({})",
display_comma_separated(columns),
display_comma_separated(on)
)?;
if *stored_as_directories {
write!(f, " STORED AS DIRECTORIES")?;
}
}
_ => (),
}
if let Some(clustered_by) = &self.clustered_by {
write!(f, " {clustered_by}")?;
}
if let Some(HiveFormat {
row_format,
serde_properties,
storage,
location,
}) = &self.hive_formats
{
match row_format {
Some(HiveRowFormat::SERDE { class }) => write!(f, " ROW FORMAT SERDE '{class}'")?,
Some(HiveRowFormat::DELIMITED { delimiters }) => {
write!(f, " ROW FORMAT DELIMITED")?;
if !delimiters.is_empty() {
write!(f, " {}", display_separated(delimiters, " "))?;
}
}
None => (),
}
match storage {
Some(HiveIOFormat::IOF {
input_format,
output_format,
}) => write!(
f,
" STORED AS INPUTFORMAT {input_format} OUTPUTFORMAT {output_format}"
)?,
Some(HiveIOFormat::FileFormat { format }) if !self.external => {
write!(f, " STORED AS {format}")?
}
_ => (),
}
if let Some(serde_properties) = serde_properties.as_ref() {
write!(
f,
" WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ({})",
display_comma_separated(serde_properties)
)?;
}
if !self.external {
if let Some(loc) = location {
write!(f, " LOCATION '{loc}'")?;
}
}
}
if self.external {
if let Some(file_format) = self.file_format {
write!(f, " STORED AS {file_format}")?;
}
write!(f, " LOCATION '{}'", self.location.as_ref().unwrap())?;
}
match &self.table_options {
options @ CreateTableOptions::With(_)
| options @ CreateTableOptions::Plain(_)
| options @ CreateTableOptions::TableProperties(_) => write!(f, " {options}")?,
_ => (),
}
if let Some(primary_key) = &self.primary_key {
write!(f, " PRIMARY KEY {primary_key}")?;
}
if let Some(order_by) = &self.order_by {
write!(f, " ORDER BY {order_by}")?;
}
if let Some(inherits) = &self.inherits {
write!(f, " INHERITS ({})", display_comma_separated(inherits))?;
}
if let Some(partition_by) = self.partition_by.as_ref() {
write!(f, " PARTITION BY {partition_by}")?;
}
if let Some(cluster_by) = self.cluster_by.as_ref() {
write!(f, " CLUSTER BY {cluster_by}")?;
}
if let options @ CreateTableOptions::Options(_) = &self.table_options {
write!(f, " {options}")?;
}
if let Some(external_volume) = self.external_volume.as_ref() {
write!(f, " EXTERNAL_VOLUME='{external_volume}'")?;
}
if let Some(catalog) = self.catalog.as_ref() {
write!(f, " CATALOG='{catalog}'")?;
}
if self.iceberg {
if let Some(base_location) = self.base_location.as_ref() {
write!(f, " BASE_LOCATION='{base_location}'")?;
}
}
if let Some(catalog_sync) = self.catalog_sync.as_ref() {
write!(f, " CATALOG_SYNC='{catalog_sync}'")?;
}
if let Some(storage_serialization_policy) = self.storage_serialization_policy.as_ref() {
write!(
f,
" STORAGE_SERIALIZATION_POLICY={storage_serialization_policy}"
)?;
}
if self.copy_grants {
write!(f, " COPY GRANTS")?;
}
if let Some(is_enabled) = self.enable_schema_evolution {
write!(
f,
" ENABLE_SCHEMA_EVOLUTION={}",
if is_enabled { "TRUE" } else { "FALSE" }
)?;
}
if let Some(is_enabled) = self.change_tracking {
write!(
f,
" CHANGE_TRACKING={}",
if is_enabled { "TRUE" } else { "FALSE" }
)?;
}
if let Some(data_retention_time_in_days) = self.data_retention_time_in_days {
write!(
f,
" DATA_RETENTION_TIME_IN_DAYS={data_retention_time_in_days}",
)?;
}
if let Some(max_data_extension_time_in_days) = self.max_data_extension_time_in_days {
write!(
f,
" MAX_DATA_EXTENSION_TIME_IN_DAYS={max_data_extension_time_in_days}",
)?;
}
if let Some(default_ddl_collation) = &self.default_ddl_collation {
write!(f, " DEFAULT_DDL_COLLATION='{default_ddl_collation}'",)?;
}
if let Some(with_aggregation_policy) = &self.with_aggregation_policy {
write!(f, " WITH AGGREGATION POLICY {with_aggregation_policy}",)?;
}
if let Some(row_access_policy) = &self.with_row_access_policy {
write!(f, " {row_access_policy}",)?;
}
if let Some(tag) = &self.with_tags {
write!(f, " WITH TAG ({})", display_comma_separated(tag.as_slice()))?;
}
if let Some(target_lag) = &self.target_lag {
write!(f, " TARGET_LAG='{target_lag}'")?;
}
if let Some(warehouse) = &self.warehouse {
write!(f, " WAREHOUSE={warehouse}")?;
}
if let Some(refresh_mode) = &self.refresh_mode {
write!(f, " REFRESH_MODE={refresh_mode}")?;
}
if let Some(initialize) = &self.initialize {
write!(f, " INITIALIZE={initialize}")?;
}
if self.require_user {
write!(f, " REQUIRE USER")?;
}
if self.on_commit.is_some() {
let on_commit = match self.on_commit {
Some(OnCommit::DeleteRows) => "ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS",
Some(OnCommit::PreserveRows) => "ON COMMIT PRESERVE ROWS",
Some(OnCommit::Drop) => "ON COMMIT DROP",
None => "",
};
write!(f, " {on_commit}")?;
}
if self.strict {
write!(f, " STRICT")?;
}
if let Some(query) = &self.query {
write!(f, " AS {query}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
/// ```sql
/// CREATE DOMAIN name [ AS ] data_type
/// [ COLLATE collation ]
/// [ DEFAULT expression ]
/// [ domain_constraint [ ... ] ]
///
/// where domain_constraint is:
///
/// [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ]
/// { NOT NULL | NULL | CHECK (expression) }
/// ```
/// See [PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createdomain.html)
pub struct CreateDomain {
/// The name of the domain to be created.
pub name: ObjectName,
/// The data type of the domain.
pub data_type: DataType,
/// The collation of the domain.
pub collation: Option<Ident>,
/// The default value of the domain.
pub default: Option<Expr>,
/// The constraints of the domain.
pub constraints: Vec<TableConstraint>,
}
impl fmt::Display for CreateDomain {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"CREATE DOMAIN {name} AS {data_type}",
name = self.name,
data_type = self.data_type
)?;
if let Some(collation) = &self.collation {
write!(f, " COLLATE {collation}")?;
}
if let Some(default) = &self.default {
write!(f, " DEFAULT {default}")?;
}
if !self.constraints.is_empty() {
write!(f, " {}", display_separated(&self.constraints, " "))?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct CreateFunction {
/// True if this is a `CREATE OR ALTER FUNCTION` statement
///
/// [MsSql](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-function-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#or-alter)
pub or_alter: bool,
pub or_replace: bool,
pub temporary: bool,
pub if_not_exists: bool,
pub name: ObjectName,
pub args: Option<Vec<OperateFunctionArg>>,
pub return_type: Option<DataType>,
/// The expression that defines the function.
///
/// Examples:
/// ```sql
/// AS ((SELECT 1))
/// AS "console.log();"
/// ```
pub function_body: Option<CreateFunctionBody>,
/// Behavior attribute for the function
///
/// IMMUTABLE | STABLE | VOLATILE
///
/// [PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createfunction.html)
pub behavior: Option<FunctionBehavior>,
/// CALLED ON NULL INPUT | RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT | STRICT
///
/// [PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createfunction.html)
pub called_on_null: Option<FunctionCalledOnNull>,
/// PARALLEL { UNSAFE | RESTRICTED | SAFE }
///
/// [PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createfunction.html)
pub parallel: Option<FunctionParallel>,
/// USING ... (Hive only)
pub using: Option<CreateFunctionUsing>,
/// Language used in a UDF definition.
///
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// CREATE FUNCTION foo() LANGUAGE js AS "console.log();"
/// ```
/// [BigQuery](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#create_a_javascript_udf)
pub language: Option<Ident>,
/// Determinism keyword used for non-sql UDF definitions.
///
/// [BigQuery](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#syntax_11)
pub determinism_specifier: Option<FunctionDeterminismSpecifier>,
/// List of options for creating the function.
///
/// [BigQuery](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#syntax_11)
pub options: Option<Vec<SqlOption>>,
/// Connection resource for a remote function.
///
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// CREATE FUNCTION foo()
/// RETURNS FLOAT64
/// REMOTE WITH CONNECTION us.myconnection
/// ```
/// [BigQuery](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#create_a_remote_function)
pub remote_connection: Option<ObjectName>,
}
impl fmt::Display for CreateFunction {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"CREATE {or_alter}{or_replace}{temp}FUNCTION {if_not_exists}{name}",
name = self.name,
temp = if self.temporary { "TEMPORARY " } else { "" },
or_alter = if self.or_alter { "OR ALTER " } else { "" },
or_replace = if self.or_replace { "OR REPLACE " } else { "" },
if_not_exists = if self.if_not_exists {
"IF NOT EXISTS "
} else {
""
},
)?;
if let Some(args) = &self.args {
write!(f, "({})", display_comma_separated(args))?;
}
if let Some(return_type) = &self.return_type {
write!(f, " RETURNS {return_type}")?;
}
if let Some(determinism_specifier) = &self.determinism_specifier {
write!(f, " {determinism_specifier}")?;
}
if let Some(language) = &self.language {
write!(f, " LANGUAGE {language}")?;
}
if let Some(behavior) = &self.behavior {
write!(f, " {behavior}")?;
}
if let Some(called_on_null) = &self.called_on_null {
write!(f, " {called_on_null}")?;
}
if let Some(parallel) = &self.parallel {
write!(f, " {parallel}")?;
}
if let Some(remote_connection) = &self.remote_connection {
write!(f, " REMOTE WITH CONNECTION {remote_connection}")?;
}
if let Some(CreateFunctionBody::AsBeforeOptions(function_body)) = &self.function_body {
write!(f, " AS {function_body}")?;
}
if let Some(CreateFunctionBody::Return(function_body)) = &self.function_body {
write!(f, " RETURN {function_body}")?;
}
if let Some(CreateFunctionBody::AsReturnExpr(function_body)) = &self.function_body {
write!(f, " AS RETURN {function_body}")?;
}
if let Some(CreateFunctionBody::AsReturnSelect(function_body)) = &self.function_body {
write!(f, " AS RETURN {function_body}")?;
}
if let Some(using) = &self.using {
write!(f, " {using}")?;
}
if let Some(options) = &self.options {
write!(
f,
" OPTIONS({})",
display_comma_separated(options.as_slice())
)?;
}
if let Some(CreateFunctionBody::AsAfterOptions(function_body)) = &self.function_body {
write!(f, " AS {function_body}")?;
}
if let Some(CreateFunctionBody::AsBeginEnd(bes)) = &self.function_body {
write!(f, " AS {bes}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// ```sql
/// CREATE CONNECTOR [IF NOT EXISTS] connector_name
/// [TYPE datasource_type]
/// [URL datasource_url]
/// [COMMENT connector_comment]
/// [WITH DCPROPERTIES(property_name=property_value, ...)]
/// ```
///
/// [Hive](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=27362034#LanguageManualDDL-CreateDataConnectorCreateConnector)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct CreateConnector {
pub name: Ident,
pub if_not_exists: bool,
pub connector_type: Option<String>,
pub url: Option<String>,
pub comment: Option<CommentDef>,
pub with_dcproperties: Option<Vec<SqlOption>>,
}
impl fmt::Display for CreateConnector {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"CREATE CONNECTOR {if_not_exists}{name}",
if_not_exists = if self.if_not_exists {
"IF NOT EXISTS "
} else {
""
},
name = self.name,
)?;
if let Some(connector_type) = &self.connector_type {
write!(f, " TYPE '{connector_type}'")?;
}
if let Some(url) = &self.url {
write!(f, " URL '{url}'")?;
}
if let Some(comment) = &self.comment {
write!(f, " COMMENT = '{comment}'")?;
}
if let Some(with_dcproperties) = &self.with_dcproperties {
write!(
f,
" WITH DCPROPERTIES({})",
display_comma_separated(with_dcproperties)
)?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// An `ALTER SCHEMA` (`Statement::AlterSchema`) operation.
///
/// See [BigQuery](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#alter_schema_collate_statement)
/// See [PostgreSQL](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-alterschema.html)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterSchemaOperation {
SetDefaultCollate {
collate: Expr,
},
AddReplica {
replica: Ident,
options: Option<Vec<SqlOption>>,
},
DropReplica {
replica: Ident,
},
SetOptionsParens {
options: Vec<SqlOption>,
},
Rename {
name: ObjectName,
},
OwnerTo {
owner: Owner,
},
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterSchemaOperation {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
AlterSchemaOperation::SetDefaultCollate { collate } => {
write!(f, "SET DEFAULT COLLATE {collate}")
}
AlterSchemaOperation::AddReplica { replica, options } => {
write!(f, "ADD REPLICA {replica}")?;
if let Some(options) = options {
write!(f, " OPTIONS ({})", display_comma_separated(options))?;
}
Ok(())
}
AlterSchemaOperation::DropReplica { replica } => write!(f, "DROP REPLICA {replica}"),
AlterSchemaOperation::SetOptionsParens { options } => {
write!(f, "SET OPTIONS ({})", display_comma_separated(options))
}
AlterSchemaOperation::Rename { name } => write!(f, "RENAME TO {name}"),
AlterSchemaOperation::OwnerTo { owner } => write!(f, "OWNER TO {owner}"),
}
}
}
/// `RenameTableNameKind` is the kind used in an `ALTER TABLE _ RENAME` statement.
///
/// Note: [MySQL] is the only database that supports the AS keyword for this operation.
///
/// [MySQL]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.4/en/alter-table.html
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum RenameTableNameKind {
As(ObjectName),
To(ObjectName),
}
impl fmt::Display for RenameTableNameKind {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
RenameTableNameKind::As(name) => write!(f, "AS {name}"),
RenameTableNameKind::To(name) => write!(f, "TO {name}"),
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct AlterSchema {
pub name: ObjectName,
pub if_exists: bool,
pub operations: Vec<AlterSchemaOperation>,
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterSchema {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "ALTER SCHEMA ")?;
if self.if_exists {
write!(f, "IF EXISTS ")?;
}
write!(f, "{}", self.name)?;
for operation in &self.operations {
write!(f, " {operation}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
impl Spanned for RenameTableNameKind {
fn span(&self) -> Span {
match self {
RenameTableNameKind::As(name) => name.span(),
RenameTableNameKind::To(name) => name.span(),
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
/// Whether the syntax used for the trigger object (ROW or STATEMENT) is `FOR` or `FOR EACH`.
pub enum TriggerObjectKind {
/// The `FOR` syntax is used.
For(TriggerObject),
/// The `FOR EACH` syntax is used.
ForEach(TriggerObject),
}
impl Display for TriggerObjectKind {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
TriggerObjectKind::For(obj) => write!(f, "FOR {obj}"),
TriggerObjectKind::ForEach(obj) => write!(f, "FOR EACH {obj}"),
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
/// CREATE TRIGGER
///
/// Examples:
///
/// ```sql
/// CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name
/// BEFORE INSERT ON table_name
/// FOR EACH ROW
/// EXECUTE FUNCTION trigger_function();
/// ```
///
/// Postgres: <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createtrigger.html>
/// SQL Server: <https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-trigger-transact-sql>
pub struct CreateTrigger {
/// True if this is a `CREATE OR ALTER TRIGGER` statement
///
/// [MsSql](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-trigger-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver16#arguments)
pub or_alter: bool,
/// True if this is a temporary trigger.
///
/// Examples:
///
/// ```sql
/// CREATE TEMP TRIGGER trigger_name
/// ```
///
/// or
///
/// ```sql
/// CREATE TEMPORARY TRIGGER trigger_name;
/// CREATE TEMP TRIGGER trigger_name;
/// ```
///
/// [SQLite](https://sqlite.org/lang_createtrigger.html#temp_triggers_on_non_temp_tables)
pub temporary: bool,
/// The `OR REPLACE` clause is used to re-create the trigger if it already exists.
///
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trigger_name
/// AFTER INSERT ON table_name
/// FOR EACH ROW
/// EXECUTE FUNCTION trigger_function();
/// ```
pub or_replace: bool,
/// The `CONSTRAINT` keyword is used to create a trigger as a constraint.
pub is_constraint: bool,
/// The name of the trigger to be created.
pub name: ObjectName,
/// Determines whether the function is called before, after, or instead of the event.
///
/// Example of BEFORE:
///
/// ```sql
/// CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name
/// BEFORE INSERT ON table_name
/// FOR EACH ROW
/// EXECUTE FUNCTION trigger_function();
/// ```
///
/// Example of AFTER:
///
/// ```sql
/// CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name
/// AFTER INSERT ON table_name
/// FOR EACH ROW
/// EXECUTE FUNCTION trigger_function();
/// ```
///
/// Example of INSTEAD OF:
///
/// ```sql
/// CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name
/// INSTEAD OF INSERT ON table_name
/// FOR EACH ROW
/// EXECUTE FUNCTION trigger_function();
/// ```
pub period: Option<TriggerPeriod>,
/// Whether the trigger period was specified before the target table name.
/// This does not refer to whether the period is BEFORE, AFTER, or INSTEAD OF,
/// but rather the position of the period clause in relation to the table name.
///
/// ```sql
/// -- period_before_table == true: Postgres, MySQL, and standard SQL
/// CREATE TRIGGER t BEFORE INSERT ON table_name ...;
/// -- period_before_table == false: MSSQL
/// CREATE TRIGGER t ON table_name BEFORE INSERT ...;
/// ```
pub period_before_table: bool,
/// Multiple events can be specified using OR, such as `INSERT`, `UPDATE`, `DELETE`, or `TRUNCATE`.
pub events: Vec<TriggerEvent>,
/// The table on which the trigger is to be created.
pub table_name: ObjectName,
/// The optional referenced table name that can be referenced via
/// the `FROM` keyword.
pub referenced_table_name: Option<ObjectName>,
/// This keyword immediately precedes the declaration of one or two relation names that provide access to the transition relations of the triggering statement.
pub referencing: Vec<TriggerReferencing>,
/// This specifies whether the trigger function should be fired once for
/// every row affected by the trigger event, or just once per SQL statement.
/// This is optional in some SQL dialects, such as SQLite, and if not specified, in
/// those cases, the implied default is `FOR EACH ROW`.
pub trigger_object: Option<TriggerObjectKind>,
/// Triggering conditions
pub condition: Option<Expr>,
/// Execute logic block
pub exec_body: Option<TriggerExecBody>,
/// For MSSQL and dialects where statements are preceded by `AS`
pub statements_as: bool,
/// For SQL dialects with statement(s) for a body
pub statements: Option<ConditionalStatements>,
/// The characteristic of the trigger, which include whether the trigger is `DEFERRABLE`, `INITIALLY DEFERRED`, or `INITIALLY IMMEDIATE`,
pub characteristics: Option<ConstraintCharacteristics>,
}
impl Display for CreateTrigger {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
let CreateTrigger {
or_alter,
temporary,
or_replace,
is_constraint,
name,
period_before_table,
period,
events,
table_name,
referenced_table_name,
referencing,
trigger_object,
condition,
exec_body,
statements_as,
statements,
characteristics,
} = self;
write!(
f,
"CREATE {temporary}{or_alter}{or_replace}{is_constraint}TRIGGER {name} ",
temporary = if *temporary { "TEMPORARY " } else { "" },
or_alter = if *or_alter { "OR ALTER " } else { "" },
or_replace = if *or_replace { "OR REPLACE " } else { "" },
is_constraint = if *is_constraint { "CONSTRAINT " } else { "" },
)?;
if *period_before_table {
if let Some(p) = period {
write!(f, "{p} ")?;
}
if !events.is_empty() {
write!(f, "{} ", display_separated(events, " OR "))?;
}
write!(f, "ON {table_name}")?;
} else {
write!(f, "ON {table_name} ")?;
if let Some(p) = period {
write!(f, "{p}")?;
}
if !events.is_empty() {
write!(f, " {}", display_separated(events, ", "))?;
}
}
if let Some(referenced_table_name) = referenced_table_name {
write!(f, " FROM {referenced_table_name}")?;
}
if let Some(characteristics) = characteristics {
write!(f, " {characteristics}")?;
}
if !referencing.is_empty() {
write!(f, " REFERENCING {}", display_separated(referencing, " "))?;
}
if let Some(trigger_object) = trigger_object {
write!(f, " {trigger_object}")?;
}
if let Some(condition) = condition {
write!(f, " WHEN {condition}")?;
}
if let Some(exec_body) = exec_body {
write!(f, " EXECUTE {exec_body}")?;
}
if let Some(statements) = statements {
if *statements_as {
write!(f, " AS")?;
}
write!(f, " {statements}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
/// DROP TRIGGER
///
/// ```sql
/// DROP TRIGGER [ IF EXISTS ] name ON table_name [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
/// ```
///
pub struct DropTrigger {
/// Whether to include the `IF EXISTS` clause.
pub if_exists: bool,
/// The name of the trigger to be dropped.
pub trigger_name: ObjectName,
/// The name of the table from which the trigger is to be dropped.
pub table_name: Option<ObjectName>,
/// `CASCADE` or `RESTRICT`
pub option: Option<ReferentialAction>,
}
impl fmt::Display for DropTrigger {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
let DropTrigger {
if_exists,
trigger_name,
table_name,
option,
} = self;
write!(f, "DROP TRIGGER")?;
if *if_exists {
write!(f, " IF EXISTS")?;
}
match &table_name {
Some(table_name) => write!(f, " {trigger_name} ON {table_name}")?,
None => write!(f, " {trigger_name}")?,
};
if let Some(option) = option {
write!(f, " {option}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// A `TRUNCATE` statement.
///
/// ```sql
/// TRUNCATE TABLE table_names [PARTITION (partitions)] [RESTART IDENTITY | CONTINUE IDENTITY] [CASCADE | RESTRICT] [ON CLUSTER cluster_name]
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct Truncate {
/// Table names to truncate
pub table_names: Vec<super::TruncateTableTarget>,
/// Optional partition specification
pub partitions: Option<Vec<Expr>>,
/// TABLE - optional keyword
pub table: bool,
/// Postgres-specific option: [ RESTART IDENTITY | CONTINUE IDENTITY ]
pub identity: Option<super::TruncateIdentityOption>,
/// Postgres-specific option: [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
pub cascade: Option<super::CascadeOption>,
/// ClickHouse-specific option: [ ON CLUSTER cluster_name ]
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/truncate/)
pub on_cluster: Option<Ident>,
}
impl fmt::Display for Truncate {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
let table = if self.table { "TABLE " } else { "" };
write!(
f,
"TRUNCATE {table}{table_names}",
table_names = display_comma_separated(&self.table_names)
)?;
if let Some(identity) = &self.identity {
match identity {
super::TruncateIdentityOption::Restart => write!(f, " RESTART IDENTITY")?,
super::TruncateIdentityOption::Continue => write!(f, " CONTINUE IDENTITY")?,
}
}
if let Some(cascade) = &self.cascade {
match cascade {
super::CascadeOption::Cascade => write!(f, " CASCADE")?,
super::CascadeOption::Restrict => write!(f, " RESTRICT")?,
}
}
if let Some(ref parts) = &self.partitions {
if !parts.is_empty() {
write!(f, " PARTITION ({})", display_comma_separated(parts))?;
}
}
if let Some(on_cluster) = &self.on_cluster {
write!(f, " ON CLUSTER {on_cluster}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
impl Spanned for Truncate {
fn span(&self) -> Span {
Span::union_iter(
self.table_names.iter().map(|i| i.name.span()).chain(
self.partitions
.iter()
.flat_map(|i| i.iter().map(|k| k.span())),
),
)
}
}
/// An `MSCK` statement.
///
/// ```sql
/// MSCK [REPAIR] TABLE table_name [ADD|DROP|SYNC PARTITIONS]
/// ```
/// MSCK (Hive) - MetaStore Check command
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct Msck {
/// Table name to check
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", visit(with = "visit_relation"))]
pub table_name: ObjectName,
/// Whether to repair the table
pub repair: bool,
/// Partition action (ADD, DROP, or SYNC)
pub partition_action: Option<super::AddDropSync>,
}
impl fmt::Display for Msck {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"MSCK {repair}TABLE {table}",
repair = if self.repair { "REPAIR " } else { "" },
table = self.table_name
)?;
if let Some(pa) = &self.partition_action {
write!(f, " {pa}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
impl Spanned for Msck {
fn span(&self) -> Span {
self.table_name.span()
}
}
/// CREATE VIEW statement.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct CreateView {
/// True if this is a `CREATE OR ALTER VIEW` statement
///
/// [MsSql](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/create-view-transact-sql)
pub or_alter: bool,
pub or_replace: bool,
pub materialized: bool,
/// Snowflake: SECURE view modifier
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-view#syntax>
pub secure: bool,
/// View name
pub name: ObjectName,
/// If `if_not_exists` is true, this flag is set to true if the view name comes before the `IF NOT EXISTS` clause.
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// CREATE VIEW myview IF NOT EXISTS AS SELECT 1`
/// ```
/// Otherwise, the flag is set to false if the view name comes after the clause
/// Example:
/// ```sql
/// CREATE VIEW IF NOT EXISTS myview AS SELECT 1`
/// ```
pub name_before_not_exists: bool,
pub columns: Vec<ViewColumnDef>,
pub query: Box<Query>,
pub options: CreateTableOptions,
pub cluster_by: Vec<Ident>,
/// Snowflake: Views can have comments in Snowflake.
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/create-view#syntax>
pub comment: Option<String>,
/// if true, has RedShift [`WITH NO SCHEMA BINDING`] clause <https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/r_CREATE_VIEW.html>
pub with_no_schema_binding: bool,
/// if true, has SQLite `IF NOT EXISTS` clause <https://www.sqlite.org/lang_createview.html>
pub if_not_exists: bool,
/// if true, has SQLite `TEMP` or `TEMPORARY` clause <https://www.sqlite.org/lang_createview.html>
pub temporary: bool,
/// if not None, has Clickhouse `TO` clause, specify the table into which to insert results
/// <https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/create/view#materialized-view>
pub to: Option<ObjectName>,
/// MySQL: Optional parameters for the view algorithm, definer, and security context
pub params: Option<CreateViewParams>,
}
impl fmt::Display for CreateView {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"CREATE {or_alter}{or_replace}",
or_alter = if self.or_alter { "OR ALTER " } else { "" },
or_replace = if self.or_replace { "OR REPLACE " } else { "" },
)?;
if let Some(ref params) = self.params {
params.fmt(f)?;
}
write!(
f,
"{secure}{materialized}{temporary}VIEW {if_not_and_name}{to}",
if_not_and_name = if self.if_not_exists {
if self.name_before_not_exists {
format!("{} IF NOT EXISTS", self.name)
} else {
format!("IF NOT EXISTS {}", self.name)
}
} else {
format!("{}", self.name)
},
secure = if self.secure { "SECURE " } else { "" },
materialized = if self.materialized {
"MATERIALIZED "
} else {
""
},
temporary = if self.temporary { "TEMPORARY " } else { "" },
to = self
.to
.as_ref()
.map(|to| format!(" TO {to}"))
.unwrap_or_default()
)?;
if !self.columns.is_empty() {
write!(f, " ({})", display_comma_separated(&self.columns))?;
}
if matches!(self.options, CreateTableOptions::With(_)) {
write!(f, " {}", self.options)?;
}
if let Some(ref comment) = self.comment {
write!(f, " COMMENT = '{}'", escape_single_quote_string(comment))?;
}
if !self.cluster_by.is_empty() {
write!(
f,
" CLUSTER BY ({})",
display_comma_separated(&self.cluster_by)
)?;
}
if matches!(self.options, CreateTableOptions::Options(_)) {
write!(f, " {}", self.options)?;
}
f.write_str(" AS")?;
SpaceOrNewline.fmt(f)?;
self.query.fmt(f)?;
if self.with_no_schema_binding {
write!(f, " WITH NO SCHEMA BINDING")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// CREATE EXTENSION statement
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific statement
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct CreateExtension {
pub name: Ident,
pub if_not_exists: bool,
pub cascade: bool,
pub schema: Option<Ident>,
pub version: Option<Ident>,
}
impl fmt::Display for CreateExtension {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"CREATE EXTENSION {if_not_exists}{name}",
if_not_exists = if self.if_not_exists {
"IF NOT EXISTS "
} else {
""
},
name = self.name
)?;
if self.cascade || self.schema.is_some() || self.version.is_some() {
write!(f, " WITH")?;
if let Some(name) = &self.schema {
write!(f, " SCHEMA {name}")?;
}
if let Some(version) = &self.version {
write!(f, " VERSION {version}")?;
}
if self.cascade {
write!(f, " CASCADE")?;
}
}
Ok(())
}
}
impl Spanned for CreateExtension {
fn span(&self) -> Span {
Span::empty()
}
}
/// DROP EXTENSION statement
/// Note: this is a PostgreSQL-specific statement
///
/// # References
///
/// PostgreSQL Documentation:
/// <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-dropextension.html>
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct DropExtension {
pub names: Vec<Ident>,
pub if_exists: bool,
/// `CASCADE` or `RESTRICT`
pub cascade_or_restrict: Option<ReferentialAction>,
}
impl fmt::Display for DropExtension {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "DROP EXTENSION")?;
if self.if_exists {
write!(f, " IF EXISTS")?;
}
write!(f, " {}", display_comma_separated(&self.names))?;
if let Some(cascade_or_restrict) = &self.cascade_or_restrict {
write!(f, " {cascade_or_restrict}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
impl Spanned for DropExtension {
fn span(&self) -> Span {
Span::empty()
}
}
/// Table type for ALTER TABLE statements.
/// Used to distinguish between regular tables, Iceberg tables, and Dynamic tables.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub enum AlterTableType {
/// Iceberg table type
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-iceberg-table>
Iceberg,
/// Dynamic table type
/// <https://docs.snowflake.com/en/sql-reference/sql/alter-table>
Dynamic,
}
/// ALTER TABLE statement
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct AlterTable {
/// Table name
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", visit(with = "visit_relation"))]
pub name: ObjectName,
pub if_exists: bool,
pub only: bool,
pub operations: Vec<AlterTableOperation>,
pub location: Option<HiveSetLocation>,
/// ClickHouse dialect supports `ON CLUSTER` clause for ALTER TABLE
/// For example: `ALTER TABLE table_name ON CLUSTER cluster_name ADD COLUMN c UInt32`
/// [ClickHouse](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/alter/update)
pub on_cluster: Option<Ident>,
/// Table type: None for regular tables, Some(AlterTableType) for Iceberg or Dynamic tables
pub table_type: Option<AlterTableType>,
/// Token that represents the end of the statement (semicolon or EOF)
pub end_token: AttachedToken,
}
impl fmt::Display for AlterTable {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
match &self.table_type {
Some(AlterTableType::Iceberg) => write!(f, "ALTER ICEBERG TABLE ")?,
Some(AlterTableType::Dynamic) => write!(f, "ALTER DYNAMIC TABLE ")?,
None => write!(f, "ALTER TABLE ")?,
}
if self.if_exists {
write!(f, "IF EXISTS ")?;
}
if self.only {
write!(f, "ONLY ")?;
}
write!(f, "{} ", &self.name)?;
if let Some(cluster) = &self.on_cluster {
write!(f, "ON CLUSTER {cluster} ")?;
}
write!(f, "{}", display_comma_separated(&self.operations))?;
if let Some(loc) = &self.location {
write!(f, " {loc}")?
}
Ok(())
}
}
/// DROP FUNCTION statement
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Hash)]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "serde", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))]
#[cfg_attr(feature = "visitor", derive(Visit, VisitMut))]
pub struct DropFunction {
pub if_exists: bool,
/// One or more functions to drop
pub func_desc: Vec<FunctionDesc>,
/// `CASCADE` or `RESTRICT`
pub drop_behavior: Option<DropBehavior>,
}
impl fmt::Display for DropFunction {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"DROP FUNCTION{} {}",
if self.if_exists { " IF EXISTS" } else { "" },
display_comma_separated(&self.func_desc),
)?;
if let Some(op) = &self.drop_behavior {
write!(f, " {op}")?;
}
Ok(())
}
}
impl Spanned for DropFunction {
fn span(&self) -> Span {
Span::empty()
}
}