| /* |
| * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more |
| * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with |
| * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. |
| * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 |
| * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with |
| * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| * |
| * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| * |
| * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software |
| * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, |
| * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. |
| * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and |
| * limitations under the License. |
| */ |
| package org.apache.commons.validator.routines; |
| |
| import java.io.Serializable; |
| import java.net.IDN; |
| import java.util.Arrays; |
| import java.util.List; |
| import java.util.Locale; |
| |
| /** |
| * <p><b>Domain name</b> validation routines.</p> |
| * |
| * <p> |
| * This validator provides methods for validating Internet domain names |
| * and top-level domains. |
| * </p> |
| * |
| * <p>Domain names are evaluated according |
| * to the standards <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1034.txt">RFC1034</a>, |
| * section 3, and <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1123.txt">RFC1123</a>, |
| * section 2.1. No accommodation is provided for the specialized needs of |
| * other applications; if the domain name has been URL-encoded, for example, |
| * validation will fail even though the equivalent plaintext version of the |
| * same name would have passed. |
| * </p> |
| * |
| * <p> |
| * Validation is also provided for top-level domains (TLDs) as defined and |
| * maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA): |
| * </p> |
| * |
| * <ul> |
| * <li>{@link #isValidInfrastructureTld} - validates infrastructure TLDs |
| * (<code>.arpa</code>, etc.)</li> |
| * <li>{@link #isValidGenericTld} - validates generic TLDs |
| * (<code>.com, .org</code>, etc.)</li> |
| * <li>{@link #isValidCountryCodeTld} - validates country code TLDs |
| * (<code>.us, .uk, .cn</code>, etc.)</li> |
| * </ul> |
| * |
| * <p> |
| * (<b>NOTE</b>: This class does not provide IP address lookup for domain names or |
| * methods to ensure that a given domain name matches a specific IP; see |
| * {@link java.net.InetAddress} for that functionality.) |
| * </p> |
| * |
| * @version $Revision$ |
| * @since Validator 1.4 |
| */ |
| public class DomainValidator implements Serializable { |
| |
| /** Maximum allowable length ({@value}) of a domain name */ |
| private static final int MAX_DOMAIN_LENGTH = 253; |
| |
| private static final String[] EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY = new String[0]; |
| |
| private static final long serialVersionUID = -4407125112880174009L; |
| |
| // Regular expression strings for hostnames (derived from RFC2396 and RFC 1123) |
| |
| // RFC2396: domainlabel = alphanum | alphanum *( alphanum | "-" ) alphanum |
| // Max 63 characters |
| private static final String DOMAIN_LABEL_REGEX = "\\p{Alnum}(?>[\\p{Alnum}-]{0,61}\\p{Alnum})?"; |
| |
| // RFC2396 toplabel = alpha | alpha *( alphanum | "-" ) alphanum |
| // Max 63 characters |
| private static final String TOP_LABEL_REGEX = "\\p{Alpha}(?>[\\p{Alnum}-]{0,61}\\p{Alnum})?"; |
| |
| // RFC2396 hostname = *( domainlabel "." ) toplabel [ "." ] |
| // Note that the regex currently requires both a domain label and a top level label, whereas |
| // the RFC does not. This is because the regex is used to detect if a TLD is present. |
| // If the match fails, input is checked against DOMAIN_LABEL_REGEX (hostnameRegex) |
| // RFC1123 sec 2.1 allows hostnames to start with a digit |
| private static final String DOMAIN_NAME_REGEX = |
| "^(?:" + DOMAIN_LABEL_REGEX + "\\.)+" + "(" + TOP_LABEL_REGEX + ")\\.?$"; |
| |
| private static final String UNEXPECTED_ENUM_VALUE = "Unexpected enum value: "; |
| |
| private final boolean allowLocal; |
| |
| private static class LazyHolder { // IODH |
| |
| /** |
| * Singleton instance of this validator, which |
| * doesn't consider local addresses as valid. |
| */ |
| private static final DomainValidator DOMAIN_VALIDATOR = new DomainValidator(false); |
| |
| /** |
| * Singleton instance of this validator, which does |
| * consider local addresses valid. |
| */ |
| private static final DomainValidator DOMAIN_VALIDATOR_WITH_LOCAL = new DomainValidator(true); |
| |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * The above instances must only be returned via the getInstance() methods. |
| * This is to ensure that the override data arrays are properly protected. |
| */ |
| |
| /** |
| * RegexValidator for matching domains. |
| */ |
| private final RegexValidator domainRegex = |
| new RegexValidator(DOMAIN_NAME_REGEX); |
| /** |
| * RegexValidator for matching a local hostname |
| */ |
| // RFC1123 sec 2.1 allows hostnames to start with a digit |
| private final RegexValidator hostnameRegex = |
| new RegexValidator(DOMAIN_LABEL_REGEX); |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns the singleton instance of this validator. It |
| * will not consider local addresses as valid. |
| * @return the singleton instance of this validator |
| */ |
| public static synchronized DomainValidator getInstance() { |
| inUse = true; |
| return LazyHolder.DOMAIN_VALIDATOR; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns the singleton instance of this validator, |
| * with local validation as required. |
| * @param allowLocal Should local addresses be considered valid? |
| * @return the singleton instance of this validator |
| */ |
| public static synchronized DomainValidator getInstance(boolean allowLocal) { |
| inUse = true; |
| if(allowLocal) { |
| return LazyHolder.DOMAIN_VALIDATOR_WITH_LOCAL; |
| } |
| return LazyHolder.DOMAIN_VALIDATOR; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns a new instance of this validator. |
| * The user can provide a list of {@link Item} entries which can |
| * be used to override the generic and country code lists. |
| * Note that any such entries override values provided by the |
| * {@link #updateTLDOverride(ArrayType, String[])} method |
| * If an entry for a particular type is not provided, then |
| * the class override (if any) is retained. |
| * |
| * @param allowLocal Should local addresses be considered valid? |
| * @param items - array of {@link Item} entries |
| * @return an instance of this validator |
| * @since 1.7 |
| */ |
| public static synchronized DomainValidator getInstance(boolean allowLocal, List<Item> items) { |
| inUse = true; |
| return new DomainValidator(allowLocal, items); |
| } |
| |
| // intance variables allowing local overrides |
| final String[] mycountryCodeTLDsMinus; |
| final String[] mycountryCodeTLDsPlus; |
| final String[] mygenericTLDsPlus; |
| final String[] mygenericTLDsMinus; |
| final String[] mylocalTLDsPlus; |
| final String[] mylocalTLDsMinus; |
| /* |
| * N.B. It is vital that instances are immutable. |
| * This is because the default instances are shared. |
| */ |
| |
| // N.B. The constructors are deliberately private to avoid possible problems with unsafe publication. |
| // It is vital that the static override arrays are not mutable once they have been used in an instance |
| // The arrays could be copied into the instance variables, however if the static array were changed it could |
| // result in different settings for the shared default instances |
| |
| /** |
| * Private constructor. |
| */ |
| private DomainValidator(boolean allowLocal) { |
| this.allowLocal = allowLocal; |
| // link to class overrides |
| mycountryCodeTLDsMinus = countryCodeTLDsMinus; |
| mycountryCodeTLDsPlus = countryCodeTLDsPlus; |
| mygenericTLDsPlus = genericTLDsPlus; |
| mygenericTLDsMinus = genericTLDsMinus; |
| mylocalTLDsPlus = localTLDsPlus; |
| mylocalTLDsMinus = localTLDsMinus; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Private constructor, allowing local overrides |
| * @since 1.7 |
| */ |
| private DomainValidator(boolean allowLocal, List<Item> items) { |
| this.allowLocal = allowLocal; |
| |
| // default to class overrides |
| String[] ccMinus = countryCodeTLDsMinus; |
| String[] ccPlus = countryCodeTLDsPlus; |
| String[] genMinus = genericTLDsMinus; |
| String[] genPlus = genericTLDsPlus; |
| String[] localMinus = localTLDsMinus; |
| String[] localPlus = localTLDsPlus; |
| |
| // apply the instance overrides |
| for(Item item: items) { |
| String [] copy = new String[item.values.length]; |
| // Comparisons are always done with lower-case entries |
| for (int i = 0; i < item.values.length; i++) { |
| copy[i] = item.values[i].toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH); |
| } |
| Arrays.sort(copy); |
| switch(item.type) { |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS: { |
| ccMinus = copy; |
| break; |
| } |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS: { |
| ccPlus = copy; |
| break; |
| } |
| case GENERIC_MINUS: { |
| genMinus = copy; |
| break; |
| } |
| case GENERIC_PLUS: { |
| genPlus = copy; |
| break; |
| } |
| case LOCAL_MINUS: { |
| localMinus = copy; |
| break; |
| } |
| case LOCAL_PLUS: { |
| localPlus = copy; |
| break; |
| } |
| default: |
| break; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| // init the instance overrides |
| mycountryCodeTLDsMinus = ccMinus; |
| mycountryCodeTLDsPlus = ccPlus; |
| mygenericTLDsMinus = genMinus; |
| mygenericTLDsPlus = genPlus; |
| mylocalTLDsMinus = localMinus; |
| mylocalTLDsPlus = localPlus; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> parses |
| * as a valid domain name with a recognized top-level domain. |
| * The parsing is case-insensitive. |
| * @param domain the parameter to check for domain name syntax |
| * @return true if the parameter is a valid domain name |
| */ |
| public boolean isValid(String domain) { |
| if (domain == null) { |
| return false; |
| } |
| domain = unicodeToASCII(domain); |
| // hosts must be equally reachable via punycode and Unicode |
| // Unicode is never shorter than punycode, so check punycode |
| // if domain did not convert, then it will be caught by ASCII |
| // checks in the regexes below |
| if (domain.length() > MAX_DOMAIN_LENGTH) { |
| return false; |
| } |
| String[] groups = domainRegex.match(domain); |
| if (groups != null && groups.length > 0) { |
| return isValidTld(groups[0]); |
| } |
| return allowLocal && hostnameRegex.isValid(domain); |
| } |
| |
| // package protected for unit test access |
| // must agree with isValid() above |
| final boolean isValidDomainSyntax(String domain) { |
| if (domain == null) { |
| return false; |
| } |
| domain = unicodeToASCII(domain); |
| // hosts must be equally reachable via punycode and Unicode |
| // Unicode is never shorter than punycode, so check punycode |
| // if domain did not convert, then it will be caught by ASCII |
| // checks in the regexes below |
| if (domain.length() > MAX_DOMAIN_LENGTH) { |
| return false; |
| } |
| String[] groups = domainRegex.match(domain); |
| return (groups != null && groups.length > 0) |
| || hostnameRegex.isValid(domain); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any |
| * IANA-defined top-level domain. Leading dots are ignored if present. |
| * The search is case-insensitive. |
| * <p> |
| * If allowLocal is true, the TLD is checked using {@link #isValidLocalTld(String)}. |
| * The TLD is then checked against {@link #isValidInfrastructureTld(String)}, |
| * {@link #isValidGenericTld(String)} and {@link #isValidCountryCodeTld(String)} |
| * @param tld the parameter to check for TLD status, not null |
| * @return true if the parameter is a TLD |
| */ |
| public boolean isValidTld(String tld) { |
| if(allowLocal && isValidLocalTld(tld)) { |
| return true; |
| } |
| return isValidInfrastructureTld(tld) |
| || isValidGenericTld(tld) |
| || isValidCountryCodeTld(tld); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any |
| * IANA-defined infrastructure top-level domain. Leading dots are |
| * ignored if present. The search is case-insensitive. |
| * @param iTld the parameter to check for infrastructure TLD status, not null |
| * @return true if the parameter is an infrastructure TLD |
| */ |
| public boolean isValidInfrastructureTld(String iTld) { |
| final String key = chompLeadingDot(unicodeToASCII(iTld).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH)); |
| return arrayContains(INFRASTRUCTURE_TLDS, key); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any |
| * IANA-defined generic top-level domain. Leading dots are ignored |
| * if present. The search is case-insensitive. |
| * @param gTld the parameter to check for generic TLD status, not null |
| * @return true if the parameter is a generic TLD |
| */ |
| public boolean isValidGenericTld(String gTld) { |
| final String key = chompLeadingDot(unicodeToASCII(gTld).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH)); |
| return (arrayContains(GENERIC_TLDS, key) || arrayContains(mygenericTLDsPlus, key)) |
| && !arrayContains(mygenericTLDsMinus, key); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any |
| * IANA-defined country code top-level domain. Leading dots are |
| * ignored if present. The search is case-insensitive. |
| * @param ccTld the parameter to check for country code TLD status, not null |
| * @return true if the parameter is a country code TLD |
| */ |
| public boolean isValidCountryCodeTld(String ccTld) { |
| final String key = chompLeadingDot(unicodeToASCII(ccTld).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH)); |
| return (arrayContains(COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS, key) || arrayContains(mycountryCodeTLDsPlus, key)) |
| && !arrayContains(mycountryCodeTLDsMinus, key); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns true if the specified <code>String</code> matches any |
| * widely used "local" domains (localhost or localdomain). Leading dots are |
| * ignored if present. The search is case-insensitive. |
| * @param lTld the parameter to check for local TLD status, not null |
| * @return true if the parameter is an local TLD |
| */ |
| public boolean isValidLocalTld(String lTld) { |
| final String key = chompLeadingDot(unicodeToASCII(lTld).toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH)); |
| return (arrayContains(LOCAL_TLDS, key) || arrayContains(mylocalTLDsPlus, key)) |
| && !arrayContains(mylocalTLDsMinus, key); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Does this instance allow local addresses? |
| * |
| * @return true if local addresses are allowed. |
| * @since 1.7 |
| */ |
| public boolean isAllowLocal() { |
| return this.allowLocal; |
| } |
| |
| private String chompLeadingDot(String str) { |
| if (str.startsWith(".")) { |
| return str.substring(1); |
| } |
| return str; |
| } |
| |
| // --------------------------------------------- |
| // ----- TLDs defined by IANA |
| // ----- Authoritative and comprehensive list at: |
| // ----- http://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt |
| |
| // Note that the above list is in UPPER case. |
| // The code currently converts strings to lower case (as per the tables below) |
| |
| // IANA also provide an HTML list at http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db |
| // Note that this contains several country code entries which are NOT in |
| // the text file. These all have the "Not assigned" in the "Sponsoring Organisation" column |
| // For example (as of 2015-01-02): |
| // .bl country-code Not assigned |
| // .um country-code Not assigned |
| |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static final String[] INFRASTRUCTURE_TLDS = new String[] { |
| "arpa", // internet infrastructure |
| }; |
| |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static final String[] GENERIC_TLDS = new String[] { |
| // Taken from Version 2020073100, Last Updated Fri Jul 31 07:07:01 2020 UTC |
| "aaa", // aaa American Automobile Association, Inc. |
| "aarp", // aarp AARP |
| "abarth", // abarth Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. |
| "abb", // abb ABB Ltd |
| "abbott", // abbott Abbott Laboratories, Inc. |
| "abbvie", // abbvie AbbVie Inc. |
| "abc", // abc Disney Enterprises, Inc. |
| "able", // able Able Inc. |
| "abogado", // abogado Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "abudhabi", // abudhabi Abu Dhabi Systems and Information Centre |
| "academy", // academy Half Oaks, LLC |
| "accenture", // accenture Accenture plc |
| "accountant", // accountant dot Accountant Limited |
| "accountants", // accountants Knob Town, LLC |
| "aco", // aco ACO Severin Ahlmann GmbH & Co. KG |
| // "active", // active The Active Network, Inc |
| "actor", // actor United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "adac", // adac Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil-Club e.V. (ADAC) |
| "ads", // ads Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "adult", // adult ICM Registry AD LLC |
| "aeg", // aeg Aktiebolaget Electrolux |
| "aero", // aero Societe Internationale de Telecommunications Aeronautique (SITA INC USA) |
| "aetna", // aetna Aetna Life Insurance Company |
| "afamilycompany", // afamilycompany Johnson Shareholdings, Inc. |
| "afl", // afl Australian Football League |
| "africa", // africa ZA Central Registry NPC trading as Registry.Africa |
| "agakhan", // agakhan Fondation Aga Khan (Aga Khan Foundation) |
| "agency", // agency Steel Falls, LLC |
| "aig", // aig American International Group, Inc. |
| // "aigo", // aigo aigo Digital Technology Co,Ltd. [Not assigned as of Jul 25] |
| "airbus", // airbus Airbus S.A.S. |
| "airforce", // airforce United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "airtel", // airtel Bharti Airtel Limited |
| "akdn", // akdn Fondation Aga Khan (Aga Khan Foundation) |
| "alfaromeo", // alfaromeo Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. |
| "alibaba", // alibaba Alibaba Group Holding Limited |
| "alipay", // alipay Alibaba Group Holding Limited |
| "allfinanz", // allfinanz Allfinanz Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft |
| "allstate", // allstate Allstate Fire and Casualty Insurance Company |
| "ally", // ally Ally Financial Inc. |
| "alsace", // alsace REGION D ALSACE |
| "alstom", // alstom ALSTOM |
| "amazon", // amazon Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "americanexpress", // americanexpress American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc. |
| "americanfamily", // americanfamily AmFam, Inc. |
| "amex", // amex American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc. |
| "amfam", // amfam AmFam, Inc. |
| "amica", // amica Amica Mutual Insurance Company |
| "amsterdam", // amsterdam Gemeente Amsterdam |
| "analytics", // analytics Campus IP LLC |
| "android", // android Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "anquan", // anquan QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. |
| "anz", // anz Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited |
| "aol", // aol AOL Inc. |
| "apartments", // apartments June Maple, LLC |
| "app", // app Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "apple", // apple Apple Inc. |
| "aquarelle", // aquarelle Aquarelle.com |
| "arab", // arab League of Arab States |
| "aramco", // aramco Aramco Services Company |
| "archi", // archi STARTING DOT LIMITED |
| "army", // army United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "art", // art UK Creative Ideas Limited |
| "arte", // arte Association Relative à la Télévision Européenne G.E.I.E. |
| "asda", // asda Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. |
| "asia", // asia DotAsia Organisation Ltd. |
| "associates", // associates Baxter Hill, LLC |
| "athleta", // athleta The Gap, Inc. |
| "attorney", // attorney United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "auction", // auction United TLD HoldCo, Ltd. |
| "audi", // audi AUDI Aktiengesellschaft |
| "audible", // audible Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "audio", // audio Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "auspost", // auspost Australian Postal Corporation |
| "author", // author Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "auto", // auto Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "autos", // autos DERAutos, LLC |
| "avianca", // avianca Aerovias del Continente Americano S.A. Avianca |
| "aws", // aws Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "axa", // axa AXA SA |
| "azure", // azure Microsoft Corporation |
| "baby", // baby Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc. |
| "baidu", // baidu Baidu, Inc. |
| "banamex", // banamex Citigroup Inc. |
| "bananarepublic", // bananarepublic The Gap, Inc. |
| "band", // band United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "bank", // bank fTLD Registry Services, LLC |
| "bar", // bar Punto 2012 Sociedad Anonima Promotora de Inversion de Capital Variable |
| "barcelona", // barcelona Municipi de Barcelona |
| "barclaycard", // barclaycard Barclays Bank PLC |
| "barclays", // barclays Barclays Bank PLC |
| "barefoot", // barefoot Gallo Vineyards, Inc. |
| "bargains", // bargains Half Hallow, LLC |
| "baseball", // baseball MLB Advanced Media DH, LLC |
| "basketball", // basketball Fédération Internationale de Basketball (FIBA) |
| "bauhaus", // bauhaus Werkhaus GmbH |
| "bayern", // bayern Bayern Connect GmbH |
| "bbc", // bbc British Broadcasting Corporation |
| "bbt", // bbt BB&T Corporation |
| "bbva", // bbva BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA, S.A. |
| "bcg", // bcg The Boston Consulting Group, Inc. |
| "bcn", // bcn Municipi de Barcelona |
| "beats", // beats Beats Electronics, LLC |
| "beauty", // beauty L'Oréal |
| "beer", // beer Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "bentley", // bentley Bentley Motors Limited |
| "berlin", // berlin dotBERLIN GmbH & Co. KG |
| "best", // best BestTLD Pty Ltd |
| "bestbuy", // bestbuy BBY Solutions, Inc. |
| "bet", // bet Afilias plc |
| "bharti", // bharti Bharti Enterprises (Holding) Private Limited |
| "bible", // bible American Bible Society |
| "bid", // bid dot Bid Limited |
| "bike", // bike Grand Hollow, LLC |
| "bing", // bing Microsoft Corporation |
| "bingo", // bingo Sand Cedar, LLC |
| "bio", // bio STARTING DOT LIMITED |
| "biz", // biz Neustar, Inc. |
| "black", // black Afilias Limited |
| "blackfriday", // blackfriday Uniregistry, Corp. |
| // "blanco", // blanco BLANCO GmbH + Co KG |
| "blockbuster", // blockbuster Dish DBS Corporation |
| "blog", // blog Knock Knock WHOIS There, LLC |
| "bloomberg", // bloomberg Bloomberg IP Holdings LLC |
| "blue", // blue Afilias Limited |
| "bms", // bms Bristol-Myers Squibb Company |
| "bmw", // bmw Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft |
| // "bnl", // bnl Banca Nazionale del Lavoro |
| "bnpparibas", // bnpparibas BNP Paribas |
| "boats", // boats DERBoats, LLC |
| "boehringer", // boehringer Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH |
| "bofa", // bofa NMS Services, Inc. |
| "bom", // bom Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR - NIC.br |
| "bond", // bond Bond University Limited |
| "boo", // boo Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "book", // book Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "booking", // booking Booking.com B.V. |
| // "boots", // boots THE BOOTS COMPANY PLC |
| "bosch", // bosch Robert Bosch GMBH |
| "bostik", // bostik Bostik SA |
| "boston", // boston Boston TLD Management, LLC |
| "bot", // bot Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "boutique", // boutique Over Galley, LLC |
| "box", // box NS1 Limited |
| "bradesco", // bradesco Banco Bradesco S.A. |
| "bridgestone", // bridgestone Bridgestone Corporation |
| "broadway", // broadway Celebrate Broadway, Inc. |
| "broker", // broker DOTBROKER REGISTRY LTD |
| "brother", // brother Brother Industries, Ltd. |
| "brussels", // brussels DNS.be vzw |
| "budapest", // budapest Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "bugatti", // bugatti Bugatti International SA |
| "build", // build Plan Bee LLC |
| "builders", // builders Atomic Madison, LLC |
| "business", // business Spring Cross, LLC |
| "buy", // buy Amazon Registry Services, INC |
| "buzz", // buzz DOTSTRATEGY CO. |
| "bzh", // bzh Association www.bzh |
| "cab", // cab Half Sunset, LLC |
| "cafe", // cafe Pioneer Canyon, LLC |
| "cal", // cal Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "call", // call Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "calvinklein", // calvinklein PVH gTLD Holdings LLC |
| "cam", // cam AC Webconnecting Holding B.V. |
| "camera", // camera Atomic Maple, LLC |
| "camp", // camp Delta Dynamite, LLC |
| "cancerresearch", // cancerresearch Australian Cancer Research Foundation |
| "canon", // canon Canon Inc. |
| "capetown", // capetown ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry |
| "capital", // capital Delta Mill, LLC |
| "capitalone", // capitalone Capital One Financial Corporation |
| "car", // car Cars Registry Limited |
| "caravan", // caravan Caravan International, Inc. |
| "cards", // cards Foggy Hollow, LLC |
| "care", // care Goose Cross, LLC |
| "career", // career dotCareer LLC |
| "careers", // careers Wild Corner, LLC |
| "cars", // cars Uniregistry, Corp. |
| // "cartier", // cartier Richemont DNS Inc. |
| "casa", // casa Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "case", // case CNH Industrial N.V. |
| "caseih", // caseih CNH Industrial N.V. |
| "cash", // cash Delta Lake, LLC |
| "casino", // casino Binky Sky, LLC |
| "cat", // cat Fundacio puntCAT |
| "catering", // catering New Falls. LLC |
| "catholic", // catholic Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication) |
| "cba", // cba COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA |
| "cbn", // cbn The Christian Broadcasting Network, Inc. |
| "cbre", // cbre CBRE, Inc. |
| "cbs", // cbs CBS Domains Inc. |
| "ceb", // ceb The Corporate Executive Board Company |
| "center", // center Tin Mill, LLC |
| "ceo", // ceo CEOTLD Pty Ltd |
| "cern", // cern European Organization for Nuclear Research ("CERN") |
| "cfa", // cfa CFA Institute |
| "cfd", // cfd DOTCFD REGISTRY LTD |
| "chanel", // chanel Chanel International B.V. |
| "channel", // channel Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "charity", // charity Corn Lake, LLC |
| "chase", // chase JPMorgan Chase & Co. |
| "chat", // chat Sand Fields, LLC |
| "cheap", // cheap Sand Cover, LLC |
| "chintai", // chintai CHINTAI Corporation |
| // "chloe", // chloe Richemont DNS Inc. (Not assigned) |
| "christmas", // christmas Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "chrome", // chrome Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| // "chrysler", // chrysler FCA US LLC. |
| "church", // church Holly Fileds, LLC |
| "cipriani", // cipriani Hotel Cipriani Srl |
| "circle", // circle Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "cisco", // cisco Cisco Technology, Inc. |
| "citadel", // citadel Citadel Domain LLC |
| "citi", // citi Citigroup Inc. |
| "citic", // citic CITIC Group Corporation |
| "city", // city Snow Sky, LLC |
| "cityeats", // cityeats Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "claims", // claims Black Corner, LLC |
| "cleaning", // cleaning Fox Shadow, LLC |
| "click", // click Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "clinic", // clinic Goose Park, LLC |
| "clinique", // clinique The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. |
| "clothing", // clothing Steel Lake, LLC |
| "cloud", // cloud ARUBA S.p.A. |
| "club", // club .CLUB DOMAINS, LLC |
| "clubmed", // clubmed Club Méditerranée S.A. |
| "coach", // coach Koko Island, LLC |
| "codes", // codes Puff Willow, LLC |
| "coffee", // coffee Trixy Cover, LLC |
| "college", // college XYZ.COM LLC |
| "cologne", // cologne NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH |
| "com", // com VeriSign Global Registry Services |
| "comcast", // comcast Comcast IP Holdings I, LLC |
| "commbank", // commbank COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA |
| "community", // community Fox Orchard, LLC |
| "company", // company Silver Avenue, LLC |
| "compare", // compare iSelect Ltd |
| "computer", // computer Pine Mill, LLC |
| "comsec", // comsec VeriSign, Inc. |
| "condos", // condos Pine House, LLC |
| "construction", // construction Fox Dynamite, LLC |
| "consulting", // consulting United TLD Holdco, LTD. |
| "contact", // contact Top Level Spectrum, Inc. |
| "contractors", // contractors Magic Woods, LLC |
| "cooking", // cooking Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "cookingchannel", // cookingchannel Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "cool", // cool Koko Lake, LLC |
| "coop", // coop DotCooperation LLC |
| "corsica", // corsica Collectivité Territoriale de Corse |
| "country", // country Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "coupon", // coupon Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "coupons", // coupons Black Island, LLC |
| "courses", // courses OPEN UNIVERSITIES AUSTRALIA PTY LTD |
| "cpa", // cpa American Institute of Certified Public Accountants |
| "credit", // credit Snow Shadow, LLC |
| "creditcard", // creditcard Binky Frostbite, LLC |
| "creditunion", // creditunion CUNA Performance Resources, LLC |
| "cricket", // cricket dot Cricket Limited |
| "crown", // crown Crown Equipment Corporation |
| "crs", // crs Federated Co-operatives Limited |
| "cruise", // cruise Viking River Cruises (Bermuda) Ltd. |
| "cruises", // cruises Spring Way, LLC |
| "csc", // csc Alliance-One Services, Inc. |
| "cuisinella", // cuisinella SALM S.A.S. |
| "cymru", // cymru Nominet UK |
| "cyou", // cyou Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd. |
| "dabur", // dabur Dabur India Limited |
| "dad", // dad Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "dance", // dance United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "data", // data Dish DBS Corporation |
| "date", // date dot Date Limited |
| "dating", // dating Pine Fest, LLC |
| "datsun", // datsun NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. |
| "day", // day Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "dclk", // dclk Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "dds", // dds Minds + Machines Group Limited |
| "deal", // deal Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "dealer", // dealer Dealer Dot Com, Inc. |
| "deals", // deals Sand Sunset, LLC |
| "degree", // degree United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "delivery", // delivery Steel Station, LLC |
| "dell", // dell Dell Inc. |
| "deloitte", // deloitte Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu |
| "delta", // delta Delta Air Lines, Inc. |
| "democrat", // democrat United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "dental", // dental Tin Birch, LLC |
| "dentist", // dentist United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "desi", // desi Desi Networks LLC |
| "design", // design Top Level Design, LLC |
| "dev", // dev Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "dhl", // dhl Deutsche Post AG |
| "diamonds", // diamonds John Edge, LLC |
| "diet", // diet Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "digital", // digital Dash Park, LLC |
| "direct", // direct Half Trail, LLC |
| "directory", // directory Extra Madison, LLC |
| "discount", // discount Holly Hill, LLC |
| "discover", // discover Discover Financial Services |
| "dish", // dish Dish DBS Corporation |
| "diy", // diy Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "dnp", // dnp Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. |
| "docs", // docs Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "doctor", // doctor Brice Trail, LLC |
| // "dodge", // dodge FCA US LLC. |
| "dog", // dog Koko Mill, LLC |
| // "doha", // doha Communications Regulatory Authority (CRA) |
| "domains", // domains Sugar Cross, LLC |
| // "doosan", // doosan Doosan Corporation (retired) |
| "dot", // dot Dish DBS Corporation |
| "download", // download dot Support Limited |
| "drive", // drive Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "dtv", // dtv Dish DBS Corporation |
| "dubai", // dubai Dubai Smart Government Department |
| "duck", // duck Johnson Shareholdings, Inc. |
| "dunlop", // dunlop The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company |
| // "duns", // duns The Dun & Bradstreet Corporation |
| "dupont", // dupont E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company |
| "durban", // durban ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry |
| "dvag", // dvag Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG |
| "dvr", // dvr Hughes Satellite Systems Corporation |
| "earth", // earth Interlink Co., Ltd. |
| "eat", // eat Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "eco", // eco Big Room Inc. |
| "edeka", // edeka EDEKA Verband kaufmännischer Genossenschaften e.V. |
| "edu", // edu EDUCAUSE |
| "education", // education Brice Way, LLC |
| "email", // email Spring Madison, LLC |
| "emerck", // emerck Merck KGaA |
| "energy", // energy Binky Birch, LLC |
| "engineer", // engineer United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "engineering", // engineering Romeo Canyon |
| "enterprises", // enterprises Snow Oaks, LLC |
| // "epost", // epost Deutsche Post AG |
| "epson", // epson Seiko Epson Corporation |
| "equipment", // equipment Corn Station, LLC |
| "ericsson", // ericsson Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson |
| "erni", // erni ERNI Group Holding AG |
| "esq", // esq Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "estate", // estate Trixy Park, LLC |
| // "esurance", // esurance Esurance Insurance Company (not assigned as at Version 2020062100) |
| "etisalat", // etisalat Emirates Telecommunic |
| "eurovision", // eurovision European Broadcasting Union (EBU) |
| "eus", // eus Puntueus Fundazioa |
| "events", // events Pioneer Maple, LLC |
| // "everbank", // everbank EverBank |
| "exchange", // exchange Spring Falls, LLC |
| "expert", // expert Magic Pass, LLC |
| "exposed", // exposed Victor Beach, LLC |
| "express", // express Sea Sunset, LLC |
| "extraspace", // extraspace Extra Space Storage LLC |
| "fage", // fage Fage International S.A. |
| "fail", // fail Atomic Pipe, LLC |
| "fairwinds", // fairwinds FairWinds Partners, LLC |
| "faith", // faith dot Faith Limited |
| "family", // family United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "fan", // fan Asiamix Digital Ltd |
| "fans", // fans Asiamix Digital Limited |
| "farm", // farm Just Maple, LLC |
| "farmers", // farmers Farmers Insurance Exchange |
| "fashion", // fashion Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "fast", // fast Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "fedex", // fedex Federal Express Corporation |
| "feedback", // feedback Top Level Spectrum, Inc. |
| "ferrari", // ferrari Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. |
| "ferrero", // ferrero Ferrero Trading Lux S.A. |
| "fiat", // fiat Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. |
| "fidelity", // fidelity Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC |
| "fido", // fido Rogers Communications Canada Inc. |
| "film", // film Motion Picture Domain Registry Pty Ltd |
| "final", // final Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR - NIC.br |
| "finance", // finance Cotton Cypress, LLC |
| "financial", // financial Just Cover, LLC |
| "fire", // fire Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "firestone", // firestone Bridgestone Corporation |
| "firmdale", // firmdale Firmdale Holdings Limited |
| "fish", // fish Fox Woods, LLC |
| "fishing", // fishing Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "fit", // fit Minds + Machines Group Limited |
| "fitness", // fitness Brice Orchard, LLC |
| "flickr", // flickr Yahoo! Domain Services Inc. |
| "flights", // flights Fox Station, LLC |
| "flir", // flir FLIR Systems, Inc. |
| "florist", // florist Half Cypress, LLC |
| "flowers", // flowers Uniregistry, Corp. |
| // "flsmidth", // flsmidth FLSmidth A/S retired 2016-07-22 |
| "fly", // fly Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "foo", // foo Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "food", // food Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "foodnetwork", // foodnetwork Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "football", // football Foggy Farms, LLC |
| "ford", // ford Ford Motor Company |
| "forex", // forex DOTFOREX REGISTRY LTD |
| "forsale", // forsale United TLD Holdco, LLC |
| "forum", // forum Fegistry, LLC |
| "foundation", // foundation John Dale, LLC |
| "fox", // fox FOX Registry, LLC |
| "free", // free Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "fresenius", // fresenius Fresenius Immobilien-Verwaltungs-GmbH |
| "frl", // frl FRLregistry B.V. |
| "frogans", // frogans OP3FT |
| "frontdoor", // frontdoor Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "frontier", // frontier Frontier Communications Corporation |
| "ftr", // ftr Frontier Communications Corporation |
| "fujitsu", // fujitsu Fujitsu Limited |
| "fujixerox", // fujixerox Xerox DNHC LLC |
| "fun", // fun DotSpace, Inc. |
| "fund", // fund John Castle, LLC |
| "furniture", // furniture Lone Fields, LLC |
| "futbol", // futbol United TLD Holdco, Ltd. |
| "fyi", // fyi Silver Tigers, LLC |
| "gal", // gal Asociación puntoGAL |
| "gallery", // gallery Sugar House, LLC |
| "gallo", // gallo Gallo Vineyards, Inc. |
| "gallup", // gallup Gallup, Inc. |
| "game", // game Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "games", // games United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "gap", // gap The Gap, Inc. |
| "garden", // garden Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "gay", // gay Top Level Design, LLC |
| "gbiz", // gbiz Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "gdn", // gdn Joint Stock Company "Navigation-information systems" |
| "gea", // gea GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft |
| "gent", // gent COMBELL GROUP NV/SA |
| "genting", // genting Resorts World Inc. Pte. Ltd. |
| "george", // george Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. |
| "ggee", // ggee GMO Internet, Inc. |
| "gift", // gift Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "gifts", // gifts Goose Sky, LLC |
| "gives", // gives United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "giving", // giving Giving Limited |
| "glade", // glade Johnson Shareholdings, Inc. |
| "glass", // glass Black Cover, LLC |
| "gle", // gle Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "global", // global Dot Global Domain Registry Limited |
| "globo", // globo Globo Comunicação e Participações S.A |
| "gmail", // gmail Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "gmbh", // gmbh Extra Dynamite, LLC |
| "gmo", // gmo GMO Internet, Inc. |
| "gmx", // gmx 1&1 Mail & Media GmbH |
| "godaddy", // godaddy Go Daddy East, LLC |
| "gold", // gold June Edge, LLC |
| "goldpoint", // goldpoint YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD. |
| "golf", // golf Lone Falls, LLC |
| "goo", // goo NTT Resonant Inc. |
| // "goodhands", // goodhands Allstate Fire and Casualty Insurance Company |
| "goodyear", // goodyear The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company |
| "goog", // goog Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "google", // google Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "gop", // gop Republican State Leadership Committee, Inc. |
| "got", // got Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "gov", // gov General Services Administration Attn: QTDC, 2E08 (.gov Domain Registration) |
| "grainger", // grainger Grainger Registry Services, LLC |
| "graphics", // graphics Over Madison, LLC |
| "gratis", // gratis Pioneer Tigers, LLC |
| "green", // green Afilias Limited |
| "gripe", // gripe Corn Sunset, LLC |
| "grocery", // grocery Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. |
| "group", // group Romeo Town, LLC |
| "guardian", // guardian The Guardian Life Insurance Company of America |
| "gucci", // gucci Guccio Gucci S.p.a. |
| "guge", // guge Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "guide", // guide Snow Moon, LLC |
| "guitars", // guitars Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "guru", // guru Pioneer Cypress, LLC |
| "hair", // hair L'Oreal |
| "hamburg", // hamburg Hamburg Top-Level-Domain GmbH |
| "hangout", // hangout Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "haus", // haus United TLD Holdco, LTD. |
| "hbo", // hbo HBO Registry Services, Inc. |
| "hdfc", // hdfc HOUSING DEVELOPMENT FINANCE CORPORATION LIMITED |
| "hdfcbank", // hdfcbank HDFC Bank Limited |
| "health", // health DotHealth, LLC |
| "healthcare", // healthcare Silver Glen, LLC |
| "help", // help Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "helsinki", // helsinki City of Helsinki |
| "here", // here Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "hermes", // hermes Hermes International |
| "hgtv", // hgtv Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "hiphop", // hiphop Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "hisamitsu", // hisamitsu Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co.,Inc. |
| "hitachi", // hitachi Hitachi, Ltd. |
| "hiv", // hiv dotHIV gemeinnuetziger e.V. |
| "hkt", // hkt PCCW-HKT DataCom Services Limited |
| "hockey", // hockey Half Willow, LLC |
| "holdings", // holdings John Madison, LLC |
| "holiday", // holiday Goose Woods, LLC |
| "homedepot", // homedepot Homer TLC, Inc. |
| "homegoods", // homegoods The TJX Companies, Inc. |
| "homes", // homes DERHomes, LLC |
| "homesense", // homesense The TJX Companies, Inc. |
| "honda", // honda Honda Motor Co., Ltd. |
| // "honeywell", // honeywell Honeywell GTLD LLC |
| "horse", // horse Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "hospital", // hospital Ruby Pike, LLC |
| "host", // host DotHost Inc. |
| "hosting", // hosting Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "hot", // hot Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "hoteles", // hoteles Travel Reservations SRL |
| "hotels", // hotels Booking.com B.V. |
| "hotmail", // hotmail Microsoft Corporation |
| "house", // house Sugar Park, LLC |
| "how", // how Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "hsbc", // hsbc HSBC Holdings PLC |
| // "htc", // htc HTC corporation (Not assigned) |
| "hughes", // hughes Hughes Satellite Systems Corporation |
| "hyatt", // hyatt Hyatt GTLD, L.L.C. |
| "hyundai", // hyundai Hyundai Motor Company |
| "ibm", // ibm International Business Machines Corporation |
| "icbc", // icbc Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited |
| "ice", // ice IntercontinentalExchange, Inc. |
| "icu", // icu One.com A/S |
| "ieee", // ieee IEEE Global LLC |
| "ifm", // ifm ifm electronic gmbh |
| // "iinet", // iinet Connect West Pty. Ltd. (Retired) |
| "ikano", // ikano Ikano S.A. |
| "imamat", // imamat Fondation Aga Khan (Aga Khan Foundation) |
| "imdb", // imdb Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "immo", // immo Auburn Bloom, LLC |
| "immobilien", // immobilien United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "inc", // inc Intercap Holdings Inc. |
| "industries", // industries Outer House, LLC |
| "infiniti", // infiniti NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. |
| "info", // info Afilias Limited |
| "ing", // ing Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "ink", // ink Top Level Design, LLC |
| "institute", // institute Outer Maple, LLC |
| "insurance", // insurance fTLD Registry Services LLC |
| "insure", // insure Pioneer Willow, LLC |
| "int", // int Internet Assigned Numbers Authority |
| "intel", // intel Intel Corporation |
| "international", // international Wild Way, LLC |
| "intuit", // intuit Intuit Administrative Services, Inc. |
| "investments", // investments Holly Glen, LLC |
| "ipiranga", // ipiranga Ipiranga Produtos de Petroleo S.A. |
| "irish", // irish Dot-Irish LLC |
| // "iselect", // iselect iSelect Ltd |
| "ismaili", // ismaili Fondation Aga Khan (Aga Khan Foundation) |
| "ist", // ist Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality |
| "istanbul", // istanbul Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality / Medya A.S. |
| "itau", // itau Itau Unibanco Holding S.A. |
| "itv", // itv ITV Services Limited |
| "iveco", // iveco CNH Industrial N.V. |
| // "iwc", // iwc Richemont DNS Inc. |
| "jaguar", // jaguar Jaguar Land Rover Ltd |
| "java", // java Oracle Corporation |
| "jcb", // jcb JCB Co., Ltd. |
| "jcp", // jcp JCP Media, Inc. |
| "jeep", // jeep FCA US LLC. |
| "jetzt", // jetzt New TLD Company AB |
| "jewelry", // jewelry Wild Bloom, LLC |
| "jio", // jio Affinity Names, Inc. |
| // "jlc", // jlc Richemont DNS Inc. |
| "jll", // jll Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated |
| "jmp", // jmp Matrix IP LLC |
| "jnj", // jnj Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc. |
| "jobs", // jobs Employ Media LLC |
| "joburg", // joburg ZA Central Registry NPC trading as ZA Central Registry |
| "jot", // jot Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "joy", // joy Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "jpmorgan", // jpmorgan JPMorgan Chase & Co. |
| "jprs", // jprs Japan Registry Services Co., Ltd. |
| "juegos", // juegos Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "juniper", // juniper JUNIPER NETWORKS, INC. |
| "kaufen", // kaufen United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "kddi", // kddi KDDI CORPORATION |
| "kerryhotels", // kerryhotels Kerry Trading Co. Limited |
| "kerrylogistics", // kerrylogistics Kerry Trading Co. Limited |
| "kerryproperties", // kerryproperties Kerry Trading Co. Limited |
| "kfh", // kfh Kuwait Finance House |
| "kia", // kia KIA MOTORS CORPORATION |
| "kim", // kim Afilias Limited |
| "kinder", // kinder Ferrero Trading Lux S.A. |
| "kindle", // kindle Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "kitchen", // kitchen Just Goodbye, LLC |
| "kiwi", // kiwi DOT KIWI LIMITED |
| "koeln", // koeln NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH |
| "komatsu", // komatsu Komatsu Ltd. |
| "kosher", // kosher Kosher Marketing Assets LLC |
| "kpmg", // kpmg KPMG International Cooperative (KPMG International Genossenschaft) |
| "kpn", // kpn Koninklijke KPN N.V. |
| "krd", // krd KRG Department of Information Technology |
| "kred", // kred KredTLD Pty Ltd |
| "kuokgroup", // kuokgroup Kerry Trading Co. Limited |
| "kyoto", // kyoto Academic Institution: Kyoto Jyoho Gakuen |
| "lacaixa", // lacaixa CAIXA D'ESTALVIS I PENSIONS DE BARCELONA |
| // "ladbrokes", // ladbrokes LADBROKES INTERNATIONAL PLC |
| "lamborghini", // lamborghini Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. |
| "lamer", // lamer The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. |
| "lancaster", // lancaster LANCASTER |
| "lancia", // lancia Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. |
| // "lancome", // lancome L'Oréal |
| "land", // land Pine Moon, LLC |
| "landrover", // landrover Jaguar Land Rover Ltd |
| "lanxess", // lanxess LANXESS Corporation |
| "lasalle", // lasalle Jones Lang LaSalle Incorporated |
| "lat", // lat ECOM-LAC Federación de Latinoamérica y el Caribe para Internet y el Comercio Electrónico |
| "latino", // latino Dish DBS Corporation |
| "latrobe", // latrobe La Trobe University |
| "law", // law Minds + Machines Group Limited |
| "lawyer", // lawyer United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "lds", // lds IRI Domain Management, LLC |
| "lease", // lease Victor Trail, LLC |
| "leclerc", // leclerc A.C.D. LEC Association des Centres Distributeurs Edouard Leclerc |
| "lefrak", // lefrak LeFrak Organization, Inc. |
| "legal", // legal Blue Falls, LLC |
| "lego", // lego LEGO Juris A/S |
| "lexus", // lexus TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION |
| "lgbt", // lgbt Afilias Limited |
| // "liaison", // liaison Liaison Technologies, Incorporated |
| "lidl", // lidl Schwarz Domains und Services GmbH & Co. KG |
| "life", // life Trixy Oaks, LLC |
| "lifeinsurance", // lifeinsurance American Council of Life Insurers |
| "lifestyle", // lifestyle Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "lighting", // lighting John McCook, LLC |
| "like", // like Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "lilly", // lilly Eli Lilly and Company |
| "limited", // limited Big Fest, LLC |
| "limo", // limo Hidden Frostbite, LLC |
| "lincoln", // lincoln Ford Motor Company |
| "linde", // linde Linde Aktiengesellschaft |
| "link", // link Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "lipsy", // lipsy Lipsy Ltd |
| "live", // live United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "living", // living Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "lixil", // lixil LIXIL Group Corporation |
| "llc", // llc Afilias plc |
| "llp", // llp Dot Registry LLC |
| "loan", // loan dot Loan Limited |
| "loans", // loans June Woods, LLC |
| "locker", // locker Dish DBS Corporation |
| "locus", // locus Locus Analytics LLC |
| "loft", // loft Annco, Inc. |
| "lol", // lol Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "london", // london Dot London Domains Limited |
| "lotte", // lotte Lotte Holdings Co., Ltd. |
| "lotto", // lotto Afilias Limited |
| "love", // love Merchant Law Group LLP |
| "lpl", // lpl LPL Holdings, Inc. |
| "lplfinancial", // lplfinancial LPL Holdings, Inc. |
| "ltd", // ltd Over Corner, LLC |
| "ltda", // ltda InterNetX Corp. |
| "lundbeck", // lundbeck H. Lundbeck A/S |
| "lupin", // lupin LUPIN LIMITED |
| "luxe", // luxe Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "luxury", // luxury Luxury Partners LLC |
| "macys", // macys Macys, Inc. |
| "madrid", // madrid Comunidad de Madrid |
| "maif", // maif Mutuelle Assurance Instituteur France (MAIF) |
| "maison", // maison Victor Frostbite, LLC |
| "makeup", // makeup L'Oréal |
| "man", // man MAN SE |
| "management", // management John Goodbye, LLC |
| "mango", // mango PUNTO FA S.L. |
| "map", // map Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "market", // market Unitied TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "marketing", // marketing Fern Pass, LLC |
| "markets", // markets DOTMARKETS REGISTRY LTD |
| "marriott", // marriott Marriott Worldwide Corporation |
| "marshalls", // marshalls The TJX Companies, Inc. |
| "maserati", // maserati Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. |
| "mattel", // mattel Mattel Sites, Inc. |
| "mba", // mba Lone Hollow, LLC |
| // "mcd", // mcd McDonald’s Corporation (Not assigned) |
| // "mcdonalds", // mcdonalds McDonald’s Corporation (Not assigned) |
| "mckinsey", // mckinsey McKinsey Holdings, Inc. |
| "med", // med Medistry LLC |
| "media", // media Grand Glen, LLC |
| "meet", // meet Afilias Limited |
| "melbourne", // melbourne The Crown in right of the State of Victoria, represented by its Department of State Development, Business and Innovation |
| "meme", // meme Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "memorial", // memorial Dog Beach, LLC |
| "men", // men Exclusive Registry Limited |
| "menu", // menu Wedding TLD2, LLC |
| // "meo", // meo PT Comunicacoes S.A. |
| "merckmsd", // merckmsd MSD Registry Holdings, Inc. |
| "metlife", // metlife MetLife Services and Solutions, LLC |
| "miami", // miami Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "microsoft", // microsoft Microsoft Corporation |
| "mil", // mil DoD Network Information Center |
| "mini", // mini Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft |
| "mint", // mint Intuit Administrative Services, Inc. |
| "mit", // mit Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| "mitsubishi", // mitsubishi Mitsubishi Corporation |
| "mlb", // mlb MLB Advanced Media DH, LLC |
| "mls", // mls The Canadian Real Estate Association |
| "mma", // mma MMA IARD |
| "mobi", // mobi Afilias Technologies Limited dba dotMobi |
| "mobile", // mobile Dish DBS Corporation |
| // "mobily", // mobily GreenTech Consultancy Company W.L.L. |
| "moda", // moda United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "moe", // moe Interlink Co., Ltd. |
| "moi", // moi Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "mom", // mom Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "monash", // monash Monash University |
| "money", // money Outer McCook, LLC |
| "monster", // monster Monster Worldwide, Inc. |
| // "montblanc", // montblanc Richemont DNS Inc. (Not assigned) |
| // "mopar", // mopar FCA US LLC. |
| "mormon", // mormon IRI Domain Management, LLC ("Applicant") |
| "mortgage", // mortgage United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "moscow", // moscow Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development (FAITID) |
| "moto", // moto Motorola Trademark Holdings, LLC |
| "motorcycles", // motorcycles DERMotorcycles, LLC |
| "mov", // mov Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "movie", // movie New Frostbite, LLC |
| // "movistar", // movistar Telefónica S.A. |
| "msd", // msd MSD Registry Holdings, Inc. |
| "mtn", // mtn MTN Dubai Limited |
| // "mtpc", // mtpc Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation (Retired) |
| "mtr", // mtr MTR Corporation Limited |
| "museum", // museum Museum Domain Management Association |
| "mutual", // mutual Northwestern Mutual MU TLD Registry, LLC |
| // "mutuelle", // mutuelle Fédération Nationale de la Mutualité Française (Retired) |
| "nab", // nab National Australia Bank Limited |
| // "nadex", // nadex Nadex Domains, Inc |
| "nagoya", // nagoya GMO Registry, Inc. |
| "name", // name VeriSign Information Services, Inc. |
| "nationwide", // nationwide Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company |
| "natura", // natura NATURA COSMÉTICOS S.A. |
| "navy", // navy United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "nba", // nba NBA REGISTRY, LLC |
| "nec", // nec NEC Corporation |
| "net", // net VeriSign Global Registry Services |
| "netbank", // netbank COMMONWEALTH BANK OF AUSTRALIA |
| "netflix", // netflix Netflix, Inc. |
| "network", // network Trixy Manor, LLC |
| "neustar", // neustar NeuStar, Inc. |
| "new", // new Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "newholland", // newholland CNH Industrial N.V. |
| "news", // news United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "next", // next Next plc |
| "nextdirect", // nextdirect Next plc |
| "nexus", // nexus Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "nfl", // nfl NFL Reg Ops LLC |
| "ngo", // ngo Public Interest Registry |
| "nhk", // nhk Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) |
| "nico", // nico DWANGO Co., Ltd. |
| "nike", // nike NIKE, Inc. |
| "nikon", // nikon NIKON CORPORATION |
| "ninja", // ninja United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "nissan", // nissan NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. |
| "nissay", // nissay Nippon Life Insurance Company |
| "nokia", // nokia Nokia Corporation |
| "northwesternmutual", // northwesternmutual Northwestern Mutual Registry, LLC |
| "norton", // norton Symantec Corporation |
| "now", // now Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "nowruz", // nowruz Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti. |
| "nowtv", // nowtv Starbucks (HK) Limited |
| "nra", // nra NRA Holdings Company, INC. |
| "nrw", // nrw Minds + Machines GmbH |
| "ntt", // ntt NIPPON TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE CORPORATION |
| "nyc", // nyc The City of New York by and through the New York City Department of Information Technology & Telecommunications |
| "obi", // obi OBI Group Holding SE & Co. KGaA |
| "observer", // observer Top Level Spectrum, Inc. |
| "off", // off Johnson Shareholdings, Inc. |
| "office", // office Microsoft Corporation |
| "okinawa", // okinawa BusinessRalliart inc. |
| "olayan", // olayan Crescent Holding GmbH |
| "olayangroup", // olayangroup Crescent Holding GmbH |
| "oldnavy", // oldnavy The Gap, Inc. |
| "ollo", // ollo Dish DBS Corporation |
| "omega", // omega The Swatch Group Ltd |
| "one", // one One.com A/S |
| "ong", // ong Public Interest Registry |
| "onl", // onl I-REGISTRY Ltd., Niederlassung Deutschland |
| "online", // online DotOnline Inc. |
| "onyourside", // onyourside Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company |
| "ooo", // ooo INFIBEAM INCORPORATION LIMITED |
| "open", // open American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc. |
| "oracle", // oracle Oracle Corporation |
| "orange", // orange Orange Brand Services Limited |
| "org", // org Public Interest Registry (PIR) |
| "organic", // organic Afilias Limited |
| // "orientexpress", // orientexpress Orient Express (retired 2017-04-11) |
| "origins", // origins The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. |
| "osaka", // osaka Interlink Co., Ltd. |
| "otsuka", // otsuka Otsuka Holdings Co., Ltd. |
| "ott", // ott Dish DBS Corporation |
| "ovh", // ovh OVH SAS |
| "page", // page Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| // "pamperedchef", // pamperedchef The Pampered Chef, Ltd. (Not assigned) |
| "panasonic", // panasonic Panasonic Corporation |
| // "panerai", // panerai Richemont DNS Inc. |
| "paris", // paris City of Paris |
| "pars", // pars Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti. |
| "partners", // partners Magic Glen, LLC |
| "parts", // parts Sea Goodbye, LLC |
| "party", // party Blue Sky Registry Limited |
| "passagens", // passagens Travel Reservations SRL |
| "pay", // pay Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "pccw", // pccw PCCW Enterprises Limited |
| "pet", // pet Afilias plc |
| "pfizer", // pfizer Pfizer Inc. |
| "pharmacy", // pharmacy National Association of Boards of Pharmacy |
| "phd", // phd Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "philips", // philips Koninklijke Philips N.V. |
| "phone", // phone Dish DBS Corporation |
| "photo", // photo Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "photography", // photography Sugar Glen, LLC |
| "photos", // photos Sea Corner, LLC |
| "physio", // physio PhysBiz Pty Ltd |
| // "piaget", // piaget Richemont DNS Inc. |
| "pics", // pics Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "pictet", // pictet Pictet Europe S.A. |
| "pictures", // pictures Foggy Sky, LLC |
| "pid", // pid Top Level Spectrum, Inc. |
| "pin", // pin Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "ping", // ping Ping Registry Provider, Inc. |
| "pink", // pink Afilias Limited |
| "pioneer", // pioneer Pioneer Corporation |
| "pizza", // pizza Foggy Moon, LLC |
| "place", // place Snow Galley, LLC |
| "play", // play Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "playstation", // playstation Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. |
| "plumbing", // plumbing Spring Tigers, LLC |
| "plus", // plus Sugar Mill, LLC |
| "pnc", // pnc PNC Domain Co., LLC |
| "pohl", // pohl Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG |
| "poker", // poker Afilias Domains No. 5 Limited |
| "politie", // politie Politie Nederland |
| "porn", // porn ICM Registry PN LLC |
| "post", // post Universal Postal Union |
| "pramerica", // pramerica Prudential Financial, Inc. |
| "praxi", // praxi Praxi S.p.A. |
| "press", // press DotPress Inc. |
| "prime", // prime Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "pro", // pro Registry Services Corporation dba RegistryPro |
| "prod", // prod Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "productions", // productions Magic Birch, LLC |
| "prof", // prof Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "progressive", // progressive Progressive Casualty Insurance Company |
| "promo", // promo Afilias plc |
| "properties", // properties Big Pass, LLC |
| "property", // property Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "protection", // protection XYZ.COM LLC |
| "pru", // pru Prudential Financial, Inc. |
| "prudential", // prudential Prudential Financial, Inc. |
| "pub", // pub United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "pwc", // pwc PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP |
| "qpon", // qpon dotCOOL, Inc. |
| "quebec", // quebec PointQuébec Inc |
| "quest", // quest Quest ION Limited |
| "qvc", // qvc QVC, Inc. |
| "racing", // racing Premier Registry Limited |
| "radio", // radio European Broadcasting Union (EBU) |
| "raid", // raid Johnson Shareholdings, Inc. |
| "read", // read Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "realestate", // realestate dotRealEstate LLC |
| "realtor", // realtor Real Estate Domains LLC |
| "realty", // realty Fegistry, LLC |
| "recipes", // recipes Grand Island, LLC |
| "red", // red Afilias Limited |
| "redstone", // redstone Redstone Haute Couture Co., Ltd. |
| "redumbrella", // redumbrella Travelers TLD, LLC |
| "rehab", // rehab United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "reise", // reise Foggy Way, LLC |
| "reisen", // reisen New Cypress, LLC |
| "reit", // reit National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc. |
| "reliance", // reliance Reliance Industries Limited |
| "ren", // ren Beijing Qianxiang Wangjing Technology Development Co., Ltd. |
| "rent", // rent XYZ.COM LLC |
| "rentals", // rentals Big Hollow,LLC |
| "repair", // repair Lone Sunset, LLC |
| "report", // report Binky Glen, LLC |
| "republican", // republican United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "rest", // rest Punto 2012 Sociedad Anonima Promotora de Inversion de Capital Variable |
| "restaurant", // restaurant Snow Avenue, LLC |
| "review", // review dot Review Limited |
| "reviews", // reviews United TLD Holdco, Ltd. |
| "rexroth", // rexroth Robert Bosch GMBH |
| "rich", // rich I-REGISTRY Ltd., Niederlassung Deutschland |
| "richardli", // richardli Pacific Century Asset Management (HK) Limited |
| "ricoh", // ricoh Ricoh Company, Ltd. |
| // "rightathome", // rightathome Johnson Shareholdings, Inc. (retired 2020-07-31) |
| "ril", // ril Reliance Industries Limited |
| "rio", // rio Empresa Municipal de Informática SA - IPLANRIO |
| "rip", // rip United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "rmit", // rmit Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology |
| "rocher", // rocher Ferrero Trading Lux S.A. |
| "rocks", // rocks United TLD Holdco, LTD. |
| "rodeo", // rodeo Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "rogers", // rogers Rogers Communications Canada Inc. |
| "room", // room Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "rsvp", // rsvp Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "rugby", // rugby World Rugby Strategic Developments Limited |
| "ruhr", // ruhr regiodot GmbH & Co. KG |
| "run", // run Snow Park, LLC |
| "rwe", // rwe RWE AG |
| "ryukyu", // ryukyu BusinessRalliart inc. |
| "saarland", // saarland dotSaarland GmbH |
| "safe", // safe Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "safety", // safety Safety Registry Services, LLC. |
| "sakura", // sakura SAKURA Internet Inc. |
| "sale", // sale United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "salon", // salon Outer Orchard, LLC |
| "samsclub", // samsclub Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. |
| "samsung", // samsung SAMSUNG SDS CO., LTD |
| "sandvik", // sandvik Sandvik AB |
| "sandvikcoromant", // sandvikcoromant Sandvik AB |
| "sanofi", // sanofi Sanofi |
| "sap", // sap SAP AG |
| // "sapo", // sapo PT Comunicacoes S.A. |
| "sarl", // sarl Delta Orchard, LLC |
| "sas", // sas Research IP LLC |
| "save", // save Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "saxo", // saxo Saxo Bank A/S |
| "sbi", // sbi STATE BANK OF INDIA |
| "sbs", // sbs SPECIAL BROADCASTING SERVICE CORPORATION |
| "sca", // sca SVENSKA CELLULOSA AKTIEBOLAGET SCA (publ) |
| "scb", // scb The Siam Commercial Bank Public Company Limited ("SCB") |
| "schaeffler", // schaeffler Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG |
| "schmidt", // schmidt SALM S.A.S. |
| "scholarships", // scholarships Scholarships.com, LLC |
| "school", // school Little Galley, LLC |
| "schule", // schule Outer Moon, LLC |
| "schwarz", // schwarz Schwarz Domains und Services GmbH & Co. KG |
| "science", // science dot Science Limited |
| "scjohnson", // scjohnson Johnson Shareholdings, Inc. |
| // "scor", // scor SCOR SE (not assigned as at Version 2020062100) |
| "scot", // scot Dot Scot Registry Limited |
| "search", // search Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "seat", // seat SEAT, S.A. (Sociedad Unipersonal) |
| "secure", // secure Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "security", // security XYZ.COM LLC |
| "seek", // seek Seek Limited |
| "select", // select iSelect Ltd |
| "sener", // sener Sener Ingeniería y Sistemas, S.A. |
| "services", // services Fox Castle, LLC |
| "ses", // ses SES |
| "seven", // seven Seven West Media Ltd |
| "sew", // sew SEW-EURODRIVE GmbH & Co KG |
| "sex", // sex ICM Registry SX LLC |
| "sexy", // sexy Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "sfr", // sfr Societe Francaise du Radiotelephone - SFR |
| "shangrila", // shangrila Shangri‐La International Hotel Management Limited |
| "sharp", // sharp Sharp Corporation |
| "shaw", // shaw Shaw Cablesystems G.P. |
| "shell", // shell Shell Information Technology International Inc |
| "shia", // shia Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti. |
| "shiksha", // shiksha Afilias Limited |
| "shoes", // shoes Binky Galley, LLC |
| "shop", // shop GMO Registry, Inc. |
| "shopping", // shopping Over Keep, LLC |
| "shouji", // shouji QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. |
| "show", // show Snow Beach, LLC |
| "showtime", // showtime CBS Domains Inc. |
| "shriram", // shriram Shriram Capital Ltd. |
| "silk", // silk Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "sina", // sina Sina Corporation |
| "singles", // singles Fern Madison, LLC |
| "site", // site DotSite Inc. |
| "ski", // ski STARTING DOT LIMITED |
| "skin", // skin L'Oréal |
| "sky", // sky Sky International AG |
| "skype", // skype Microsoft Corporation |
| "sling", // sling Hughes Satellite Systems Corporation |
| "smart", // smart Smart Communications, Inc. (SMART) |
| "smile", // smile Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "sncf", // sncf SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Francais) |
| "soccer", // soccer Foggy Shadow, LLC |
| "social", // social United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "softbank", // softbank SoftBank Group Corp. |
| "software", // software United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "sohu", // sohu Sohu.com Limited |
| "solar", // solar Ruby Town, LLC |
| "solutions", // solutions Silver Cover, LLC |
| "song", // song Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "sony", // sony Sony Corporation |
| "soy", // soy Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "space", // space DotSpace Inc. |
| // "spiegel", // spiegel SPIEGEL-Verlag Rudolf Augstein GmbH & Co. KG |
| "sport", // sport Global Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF) |
| "spot", // spot Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "spreadbetting", // spreadbetting DOTSPREADBETTING REGISTRY LTD |
| "srl", // srl InterNetX Corp. |
| // "srt", // srt FCA US LLC. |
| "stada", // stada STADA Arzneimittel AG |
| "staples", // staples Staples, Inc. |
| "star", // star Star India Private Limited |
| // "starhub", // starhub StarHub Limited |
| "statebank", // statebank STATE BANK OF INDIA |
| "statefarm", // statefarm State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company |
| // "statoil", // statoil Statoil ASA |
| "stc", // stc Saudi Telecom Company |
| "stcgroup", // stcgroup Saudi Telecom Company |
| "stockholm", // stockholm Stockholms kommun |
| "storage", // storage Self Storage Company LLC |
| "store", // store DotStore Inc. |
| "stream", // stream dot Stream Limited |
| "studio", // studio United TLD Holdco Ltd. |
| "study", // study OPEN UNIVERSITIES AUSTRALIA PTY LTD |
| "style", // style Binky Moon, LLC |
| "sucks", // sucks Vox Populi Registry Ltd. |
| "supplies", // supplies Atomic Fields, LLC |
| "supply", // supply Half Falls, LLC |
| "support", // support Grand Orchard, LLC |
| "surf", // surf Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "surgery", // surgery Tin Avenue, LLC |
| "suzuki", // suzuki SUZUKI MOTOR CORPORATION |
| "swatch", // swatch The Swatch Group Ltd |
| "swiftcover", // swiftcover Swiftcover Insurance Services Limited |
| "swiss", // swiss Swiss Confederation |
| "sydney", // sydney State of New South Wales, Department of Premier and Cabinet |
| // "symantec", // symantec Symantec Corporation [Not assigned as of Jul 25] |
| "systems", // systems Dash Cypress, LLC |
| "tab", // tab Tabcorp Holdings Limited |
| "taipei", // taipei Taipei City Government |
| "talk", // talk Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "taobao", // taobao Alibaba Group Holding Limited |
| "target", // target Target Domain Holdings, LLC |
| "tatamotors", // tatamotors Tata Motors Ltd |
| "tatar", // tatar LLC "Coordination Center of Regional Domain of Tatarstan Republic" |
| "tattoo", // tattoo Uniregistry, Corp. |
| "tax", // tax Storm Orchard, LLC |
| "taxi", // taxi Pine Falls, LLC |
| "tci", // tci Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti. |
| "tdk", // tdk TDK Corporation |
| "team", // team Atomic Lake, LLC |
| "tech", // tech Dot Tech LLC |
| "technology", // technology Auburn Falls, LLC |
| "tel", // tel Telnic Ltd. |
| // "telecity", // telecity TelecityGroup International Limited |
| // "telefonica", // telefonica Telefónica S.A. |
| "temasek", // temasek Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited |
| "tennis", // tennis Cotton Bloom, LLC |
| "teva", // teva Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Limited |
| "thd", // thd Homer TLC, Inc. |
| "theater", // theater Blue Tigers, LLC |
| "theatre", // theatre XYZ.COM LLC |
| "tiaa", // tiaa Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America |
| "tickets", // tickets Accent Media Limited |
| "tienda", // tienda Victor Manor, LLC |
| "tiffany", // tiffany Tiffany and Company |
| "tips", // tips Corn Willow, LLC |
| "tires", // tires Dog Edge, LLC |
| "tirol", // tirol punkt Tirol GmbH |
| "tjmaxx", // tjmaxx The TJX Companies, Inc. |
| "tjx", // tjx The TJX Companies, Inc. |
| "tkmaxx", // tkmaxx The TJX Companies, Inc. |
| "tmall", // tmall Alibaba Group Holding Limited |
| "today", // today Pearl Woods, LLC |
| "tokyo", // tokyo GMO Registry, Inc. |
| "tools", // tools Pioneer North, LLC |
| "top", // top Jiangsu Bangning Science & Technology Co.,Ltd. |
| "toray", // toray Toray Industries, Inc. |
| "toshiba", // toshiba TOSHIBA Corporation |
| "total", // total Total SA |
| "tours", // tours Sugar Station, LLC |
| "town", // town Koko Moon, LLC |
| "toyota", // toyota TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION |
| "toys", // toys Pioneer Orchard, LLC |
| "trade", // trade Elite Registry Limited |
| "trading", // trading DOTTRADING REGISTRY LTD |
| "training", // training Wild Willow, LLC |
| "travel", // travel Tralliance Registry Management Company, LLC. |
| "travelchannel", // travelchannel Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "travelers", // travelers Travelers TLD, LLC |
| "travelersinsurance", // travelersinsurance Travelers TLD, LLC |
| "trust", // trust Artemis Internet Inc |
| "trv", // trv Travelers TLD, LLC |
| "tube", // tube Latin American Telecom LLC |
| "tui", // tui TUI AG |
| "tunes", // tunes Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "tushu", // tushu Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "tvs", // tvs T V SUNDRAM IYENGAR & SONS PRIVATE LIMITED |
| "ubank", // ubank National Australia Bank Limited |
| "ubs", // ubs UBS AG |
| // "uconnect", // uconnect FCA US LLC. |
| "unicom", // unicom China United Network Communications Corporation Limited |
| "university", // university Little Station, LLC |
| "uno", // uno Dot Latin LLC |
| "uol", // uol UBN INTERNET LTDA. |
| "ups", // ups UPS Market Driver, Inc. |
| "vacations", // vacations Atomic Tigers, LLC |
| "vana", // vana Lifestyle Domain Holdings, Inc. |
| "vanguard", // vanguard The Vanguard Group, Inc. |
| "vegas", // vegas Dot Vegas, Inc. |
| "ventures", // ventures Binky Lake, LLC |
| "verisign", // verisign VeriSign, Inc. |
| "versicherung", // versicherung dotversicherung-registry GmbH |
| "vet", // vet United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "viajes", // viajes Black Madison, LLC |
| "video", // video United TLD Holdco, Ltd |
| "vig", // vig VIENNA INSURANCE GROUP AG Wiener Versicherung Gruppe |
| "viking", // viking Viking River Cruises (Bermuda) Ltd. |
| "villas", // villas New Sky, LLC |
| "vin", // vin Holly Shadow, LLC |
| "vip", // vip Minds + Machines Group Limited |
| "virgin", // virgin Virgin Enterprises Limited |
| "visa", // visa Visa Worldwide Pte. Limited |
| "vision", // vision Koko Station, LLC |
| // "vista", // vista Vistaprint Limited |
| // "vistaprint", // vistaprint Vistaprint Limited |
| "viva", // viva Saudi Telecom Company |
| "vivo", // vivo Telefonica Brasil S.A. |
| "vlaanderen", // vlaanderen DNS.be vzw |
| "vodka", // vodka Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "volkswagen", // volkswagen Volkswagen Group of America Inc. |
| "volvo", // volvo Volvo Holding Sverige Aktiebolag |
| "vote", // vote Monolith Registry LLC |
| "voting", // voting Valuetainment Corp. |
| "voto", // voto Monolith Registry LLC |
| "voyage", // voyage Ruby House, LLC |
| "vuelos", // vuelos Travel Reservations SRL |
| "wales", // wales Nominet UK |
| "walmart", // walmart Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. |
| "walter", // walter Sandvik AB |
| "wang", // wang Zodiac Registry Limited |
| "wanggou", // wanggou Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| // "warman", // warman Weir Group IP Limited |
| "watch", // watch Sand Shadow, LLC |
| "watches", // watches Richemont DNS Inc. |
| "weather", // weather The Weather Channel, LLC |
| "weatherchannel", // weatherchannel The Weather Channel, LLC |
| "webcam", // webcam dot Webcam Limited |
| "weber", // weber Saint-Gobain Weber SA |
| "website", // website DotWebsite Inc. |
| "wed", // wed Atgron, Inc. |
| "wedding", // wedding Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "weibo", // weibo Sina Corporation |
| "weir", // weir Weir Group IP Limited |
| "whoswho", // whoswho Who's Who Registry |
| "wien", // wien punkt.wien GmbH |
| "wiki", // wiki Top Level Design, LLC |
| "williamhill", // williamhill William Hill Organization Limited |
| "win", // win First Registry Limited |
| "windows", // windows Microsoft Corporation |
| "wine", // wine June Station, LLC |
| "winners", // winners The TJX Companies, Inc. |
| "wme", // wme William Morris Endeavor Entertainment, LLC |
| "wolterskluwer", // wolterskluwer Wolters Kluwer N.V. |
| "woodside", // woodside Woodside Petroleum Limited |
| "work", // work Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "works", // works Little Dynamite, LLC |
| "world", // world Bitter Fields, LLC |
| "wow", // wow Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "wtc", // wtc World Trade Centers Association, Inc. |
| "wtf", // wtf Hidden Way, LLC |
| "xbox", // xbox Microsoft Corporation |
| "xerox", // xerox Xerox DNHC LLC |
| "xfinity", // xfinity Comcast IP Holdings I, LLC |
| "xihuan", // xihuan QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. |
| "xin", // xin Elegant Leader Limited |
| "xn--11b4c3d", // कॉम VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--1ck2e1b", // セール Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--1qqw23a", // 佛山 Guangzhou YU Wei Information Technology Co., Ltd. |
| "xn--30rr7y", // 慈善 Excellent First Limited |
| "xn--3bst00m", // 集团 Eagle Horizon Limited |
| "xn--3ds443g", // 在线 TLD REGISTRY LIMITED |
| "xn--3oq18vl8pn36a", // 大众汽车 Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd. |
| "xn--3pxu8k", // 点看 VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--42c2d9a", // คอม VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--45q11c", // 八卦 Zodiac Scorpio Limited |
| "xn--4gbrim", // موقع Suhub Electronic Establishment |
| "xn--55qw42g", // 公益 China Organizational Name Administration Center |
| "xn--55qx5d", // 公司 Computer Network Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences （China Internet Network Information Center） |
| "xn--5su34j936bgsg", // 香格里拉 Shangri‐La International Hotel Management Limited |
| "xn--5tzm5g", // 网站 Global Website TLD Asia Limited |
| "xn--6frz82g", // 移动 Afilias Limited |
| "xn--6qq986b3xl", // 我爱你 Tycoon Treasure Limited |
| "xn--80adxhks", // москва Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development (FAITID) |
| "xn--80aqecdr1a", // католик Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication) |
| "xn--80asehdb", // онлайн CORE Association |
| "xn--80aswg", // сайт CORE Association |
| "xn--8y0a063a", // 联通 China United Network Communications Corporation Limited |
| "xn--90ae", // бг Imena.BG Plc (NAMES.BG Plc) |
| "xn--9dbq2a", // קום VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--9et52u", // 时尚 RISE VICTORY LIMITED |
| "xn--9krt00a", // 微博 Sina Corporation |
| "xn--b4w605ferd", // 淡马锡 Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited |
| "xn--bck1b9a5dre4c", // ファッション Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--c1avg", // орг Public Interest Registry |
| "xn--c2br7g", // नेट VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--cck2b3b", // ストア Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--cckwcxetd", // アマゾン Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--cg4bki", // 삼성 SAMSUNG SDS CO., LTD |
| "xn--czr694b", // 商标 HU YI GLOBAL INFORMATION RESOURCES(HOLDING) COMPANY.HONGKONG LIMITED |
| "xn--czrs0t", // 商店 Wild Island, LLC |
| "xn--czru2d", // 商城 Zodiac Aquarius Limited |
| "xn--d1acj3b", // дети The Foundation for Network Initiatives “The Smart Internet” |
| "xn--eckvdtc9d", // ポイント Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--efvy88h", // 新闻 Xinhua News Agency Guangdong Branch 新华通讯社广东分社 |
| // "xn--estv75g", // 工行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited |
| "xn--fct429k", // 家電 Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--fhbei", // كوم VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--fiq228c5hs", // 中文网 TLD REGISTRY LIMITED |
| "xn--fiq64b", // 中信 CITIC Group Corporation |
| "xn--fjq720a", // 娱乐 Will Bloom, LLC |
| "xn--flw351e", // 谷歌 Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "xn--fzys8d69uvgm", // 電訊盈科 PCCW Enterprises Limited |
| "xn--g2xx48c", // 购物 Minds + Machines Group Limited |
| "xn--gckr3f0f", // クラウド Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--gk3at1e", // 通販 Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--hxt814e", // 网店 Zodiac Libra Limited |
| "xn--i1b6b1a6a2e", // संगठन Public Interest Registry |
| "xn--imr513n", // 餐厅 HU YI GLOBAL INFORMATION RESOURCES (HOLDING) COMPANY. HONGKONG LIMITED |
| "xn--io0a7i", // 网络 Computer Network Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences （China Internet Network Information Center） |
| "xn--j1aef", // ком VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--jlq480n2rg", // 亚马逊 Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--jlq61u9w7b", // 诺基亚 Nokia Corporation |
| "xn--jvr189m", // 食品 Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "xn--kcrx77d1x4a", // 飞利浦 Koninklijke Philips N.V. |
| // "xn--kpu716f", // 手表 Richemont DNS Inc. [Not assigned as of Jul 25] |
| "xn--kput3i", // 手机 Beijing RITT-Net Technology Development Co., Ltd |
| "xn--mgba3a3ejt", // ارامكو Aramco Services Company |
| "xn--mgba7c0bbn0a", // العليان Crescent Holding GmbH |
| "xn--mgbaakc7dvf", // اتصالات Emirates Telecommunications Corporation (trading as Etisalat) |
| "xn--mgbab2bd", // بازار CORE Association |
| // "xn--mgbb9fbpob", // موبايلي GreenTech Consultancy Company W.L.L. |
| "xn--mgbca7dzdo", // ابوظبي Abu Dhabi Systems and Information Centre |
| "xn--mgbi4ecexp", // كاثوليك Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication) |
| "xn--mgbt3dhd", // همراه Asia Green IT System Bilgisayar San. ve Tic. Ltd. Sti. |
| "xn--mk1bu44c", // 닷컴 VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--mxtq1m", // 政府 Net-Chinese Co., Ltd. |
| "xn--ngbc5azd", // شبكة International Domain Registry Pty. Ltd. |
| "xn--ngbe9e0a", // بيتك Kuwait Finance House |
| "xn--ngbrx", // عرب League of Arab States |
| "xn--nqv7f", // 机构 Public Interest Registry |
| "xn--nqv7fs00ema", // 组织机构 Public Interest Registry |
| "xn--nyqy26a", // 健康 Stable Tone Limited |
| "xn--otu796d", // 招聘 Dot Trademark TLD Holding Company Limited |
| "xn--p1acf", // рус Rusnames Limited |
| // "xn--pbt977c", // 珠宝 Richemont DNS Inc. [Not assigned as of Jul 25] |
| "xn--pssy2u", // 大拿 VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--q9jyb4c", // みんな Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "xn--qcka1pmc", // グーグル Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "xn--rhqv96g", // 世界 Stable Tone Limited |
| "xn--rovu88b", // 書籍 Amazon EU S.à r.l. |
| "xn--ses554g", // 网址 KNET Co., Ltd |
| "xn--t60b56a", // 닷넷 VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--tckwe", // コム VeriSign Sarl |
| "xn--tiq49xqyj", // 天主教 Pontificium Consilium de Comunicationibus Socialibus (PCCS) (Pontifical Council for Social Communication) |
| "xn--unup4y", // 游戏 Spring Fields, LLC |
| "xn--vermgensberater-ctb", // VERMöGENSBERATER Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG |
| "xn--vermgensberatung-pwb", // VERMöGENSBERATUNG Deutsche Vermögensberatung Aktiengesellschaft DVAG |
| "xn--vhquv", // 企业 Dash McCook, LLC |
| "xn--vuq861b", // 信息 Beijing Tele-info Network Technology Co., Ltd. |
| "xn--w4r85el8fhu5dnra", // 嘉里大酒店 Kerry Trading Co. Limited |
| "xn--w4rs40l", // 嘉里 Kerry Trading Co. Limited |
| "xn--xhq521b", // 广东 Guangzhou YU Wei Information Technology Co., Ltd. |
| "xn--zfr164b", // 政务 China Organizational Name Administration Center |
| // "xperia", // xperia Sony Mobile Communications AB |
| "xxx", // xxx ICM Registry LLC |
| "xyz", // xyz XYZ.COM LLC |
| "yachts", // yachts DERYachts, LLC |
| "yahoo", // yahoo Yahoo! Domain Services Inc. |
| "yamaxun", // yamaxun Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "yandex", // yandex YANDEX, LLC |
| "yodobashi", // yodobashi YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD. |
| "yoga", // yoga Top Level Domain Holdings Limited |
| "yokohama", // yokohama GMO Registry, Inc. |
| "you", // you Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "youtube", // youtube Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| "yun", // yun QIHOO 360 TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. |
| "zappos", // zappos Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "zara", // zara Industria de Diseño Textil, S.A. (INDITEX, S.A.) |
| "zero", // zero Amazon Registry Services, Inc. |
| "zip", // zip Charleston Road Registry Inc. |
| // "zippo", // zippo Zadco Company |
| "zone", // zone Outer Falls, LLC |
| "zuerich", // zuerich Kanton Zürich (Canton of Zurich) |
| }; |
| |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static final String[] COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS = new String[] { |
| // Taken from Version 2020051000, Last Updated Sun May 10 07:07:01 2020 UTC |
| "ac", // Ascension Island |
| "ad", // Andorra |
| "ae", // United Arab Emirates |
| "af", // Afghanistan |
| "ag", // Antigua and Barbuda |
| "ai", // Anguilla |
| "al", // Albania |
| "am", // Armenia |
| // "an", // Netherlands Antilles (retired) |
| "ao", // Angola |
| "aq", // Antarctica |
| "ar", // Argentina |
| "as", // American Samoa |
| "at", // Austria |
| "au", // Australia (includes Ashmore and Cartier Islands and Coral Sea Islands) |
| "aw", // Aruba |
| "ax", // Åland |
| "az", // Azerbaijan |
| "ba", // Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| "bb", // Barbados |
| "bd", // Bangladesh |
| "be", // Belgium |
| "bf", // Burkina Faso |
| "bg", // Bulgaria |
| "bh", // Bahrain |
| "bi", // Burundi |
| "bj", // Benin |
| "bm", // Bermuda |
| "bn", // Brunei Darussalam |
| "bo", // Bolivia |
| "br", // Brazil |
| "bs", // Bahamas |
| "bt", // Bhutan |
| "bv", // Bouvet Island |
| "bw", // Botswana |
| "by", // Belarus |
| "bz", // Belize |
| "ca", // Canada |
| "cc", // Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
| "cd", // Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) |
| "cf", // Central African Republic |
| "cg", // Republic of the Congo |
| "ch", // Switzerland |
| "ci", // Côte d'Ivoire |
| "ck", // Cook Islands |
| "cl", // Chile |
| "cm", // Cameroon |
| "cn", // China, mainland |
| "co", // Colombia |
| "cr", // Costa Rica |
| "cu", // Cuba |
| "cv", // Cape Verde |
| "cw", // Curaçao |
| "cx", // Christmas Island |
| "cy", // Cyprus |
| "cz", // Czech Republic |
| "de", // Germany |
| "dj", // Djibouti |
| "dk", // Denmark |
| "dm", // Dominica |
| "do", // Dominican Republic |
| "dz", // Algeria |
| "ec", // Ecuador |
| "ee", // Estonia |
| "eg", // Egypt |
| "er", // Eritrea |
| "es", // Spain |
| "et", // Ethiopia |
| "eu", // European Union |
| "fi", // Finland |
| "fj", // Fiji |
| "fk", // Falkland Islands |
| "fm", // Federated States of Micronesia |
| "fo", // Faroe Islands |
| "fr", // France |
| "ga", // Gabon |
| "gb", // Great Britain (United Kingdom) |
| "gd", // Grenada |
| "ge", // Georgia |
| "gf", // French Guiana |
| "gg", // Guernsey |
| "gh", // Ghana |
| "gi", // Gibraltar |
| "gl", // Greenland |
| "gm", // The Gambia |
| "gn", // Guinea |
| "gp", // Guadeloupe |
| "gq", // Equatorial Guinea |
| "gr", // Greece |
| "gs", // South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands |
| "gt", // Guatemala |
| "gu", // Guam |
| "gw", // Guinea-Bissau |
| "gy", // Guyana |
| "hk", // Hong Kong |
| "hm", // Heard Island and McDonald Islands |
| "hn", // Honduras |
| "hr", // Croatia (Hrvatska) |
| "ht", // Haiti |
| "hu", // Hungary |
| "id", // Indonesia |
| "ie", // Ireland (Éire) |
| "il", // Israel |
| "im", // Isle of Man |
| "in", // India |
| "io", // British Indian Ocean Territory |
| "iq", // Iraq |
| "ir", // Iran |
| "is", // Iceland |
| "it", // Italy |
| "je", // Jersey |
| "jm", // Jamaica |
| "jo", // Jordan |
| "jp", // Japan |
| "ke", // Kenya |
| "kg", // Kyrgyzstan |
| "kh", // Cambodia (Khmer) |
| "ki", // Kiribati |
| "km", // Comoros |
| "kn", // Saint Kitts and Nevis |
| "kp", // North Korea |
| "kr", // South Korea |
| "kw", // Kuwait |
| "ky", // Cayman Islands |
| "kz", // Kazakhstan |
| "la", // Laos (currently being marketed as the official domain for Los Angeles) |
| "lb", // Lebanon |
| "lc", // Saint Lucia |
| "li", // Liechtenstein |
| "lk", // Sri Lanka |
| "lr", // Liberia |
| "ls", // Lesotho |
| "lt", // Lithuania |
| "lu", // Luxembourg |
| "lv", // Latvia |
| "ly", // Libya |
| "ma", // Morocco |
| "mc", // Monaco |
| "md", // Moldova |
| "me", // Montenegro |
| "mg", // Madagascar |
| "mh", // Marshall Islands |
| "mk", // Republic of Macedonia |
| "ml", // Mali |
| "mm", // Myanmar |
| "mn", // Mongolia |
| "mo", // Macau |
| "mp", // Northern Mariana Islands |
| "mq", // Martinique |
| "mr", // Mauritania |
| "ms", // Montserrat |
| "mt", // Malta |
| "mu", // Mauritius |
| "mv", // Maldives |
| "mw", // Malawi |
| "mx", // Mexico |
| "my", // Malaysia |
| "mz", // Mozambique |
| "na", // Namibia |
| "nc", // New Caledonia |
| "ne", // Niger |
| "nf", // Norfolk Island |
| "ng", // Nigeria |
| "ni", // Nicaragua |
| "nl", // Netherlands |
| "no", // Norway |
| "np", // Nepal |
| "nr", // Nauru |
| "nu", // Niue |
| "nz", // New Zealand |
| "om", // Oman |
| "pa", // Panama |
| "pe", // Peru |
| "pf", // French Polynesia With Clipperton Island |
| "pg", // Papua New Guinea |
| "ph", // Philippines |
| "pk", // Pakistan |
| "pl", // Poland |
| "pm", // Saint-Pierre and Miquelon |
| "pn", // Pitcairn Islands |
| "pr", // Puerto Rico |
| "ps", // Palestinian territories (PA-controlled West Bank and Gaza Strip) |
| "pt", // Portugal |
| "pw", // Palau |
| "py", // Paraguay |
| "qa", // Qatar |
| "re", // Réunion |
| "ro", // Romania |
| "rs", // Serbia |
| "ru", // Russia |
| "rw", // Rwanda |
| "sa", // Saudi Arabia |
| "sb", // Solomon Islands |
| "sc", // Seychelles |
| "sd", // Sudan |
| "se", // Sweden |
| "sg", // Singapore |
| "sh", // Saint Helena |
| "si", // Slovenia |
| "sj", // Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands Not in use (Norwegian dependencies; see .no) |
| "sk", // Slovakia |
| "sl", // Sierra Leone |
| "sm", // San Marino |
| "sn", // Senegal |
| "so", // Somalia |
| "sr", // Suriname |
| "ss", // ss National Communication Authority (NCA) |
| "st", // São Tomé and Príncipe |
| "su", // Soviet Union (deprecated) |
| "sv", // El Salvador |
| "sx", // Sint Maarten |
| "sy", // Syria |
| "sz", // Swaziland |
| "tc", // Turks and Caicos Islands |
| "td", // Chad |
| "tf", // French Southern and Antarctic Lands |
| "tg", // Togo |
| "th", // Thailand |
| "tj", // Tajikistan |
| "tk", // Tokelau |
| "tl", // East Timor (deprecated old code) |
| "tm", // Turkmenistan |
| "tn", // Tunisia |
| "to", // Tonga |
| // "tp", // East Timor (Retired) |
| "tr", // Turkey |
| "tt", // Trinidad and Tobago |
| "tv", // Tuvalu |
| "tw", // Taiwan, Republic of China |
| "tz", // Tanzania |
| "ua", // Ukraine |
| "ug", // Uganda |
| "uk", // United Kingdom |
| "us", // United States of America |
| "uy", // Uruguay |
| "uz", // Uzbekistan |
| "va", // Vatican City State |
| "vc", // Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
| "ve", // Venezuela |
| "vg", // British Virgin Islands |
| "vi", // U.S. Virgin Islands |
| "vn", // Vietnam |
| "vu", // Vanuatu |
| "wf", // Wallis and Futuna |
| "ws", // Samoa (formerly Western Samoa) |
| "xn--2scrj9c", // ಭಾರತ National Internet eXchange of India |
| "xn--3e0b707e", // 한국 KISA (Korea Internet & Security Agency) |
| "xn--3hcrj9c", // ଭାରତ National Internet eXchange of India |
| "xn--45br5cyl", // ভাৰত National Internet eXchange of India |
| "xn--45brj9c", // ভারত National Internet Exchange of India |
| "xn--54b7fta0cc", // বাংলা Posts and Telecommunications Division |
| "xn--80ao21a", // қаз Association of IT Companies of Kazakhstan |
| "xn--90a3ac", // срб Serbian National Internet Domain Registry (RNIDS) |
| "xn--90ais", // ??? Reliable Software Inc. |
| "xn--clchc0ea0b2g2a9gcd", // சிங்கப்பூர் Singapore Network Information Centre (SGNIC) Pte Ltd |
| "xn--d1alf", // мкд Macedonian Academic Research Network Skopje |
| "xn--e1a4c", // ею EURid vzw/asbl |
| "xn--fiqs8s", // 中国 China Internet Network Information Center |
| "xn--fiqz9s", // 中國 China Internet Network Information Center |
| "xn--fpcrj9c3d", // భారత్ National Internet Exchange of India |
| "xn--fzc2c9e2c", // ලංකා LK Domain Registry |
| "xn--gecrj9c", // ભારત National Internet Exchange of India |
| "xn--h2breg3eve", // भारतम् National Internet eXchange of India |
| "xn--h2brj9c", // भारत National Internet Exchange of India |
| "xn--h2brj9c8c", // भारोत National Internet eXchange of India |
| "xn--j1amh", // укр Ukrainian Network Information Centre (UANIC), Inc. |
| "xn--j6w193g", // 香港 Hong Kong Internet Registration Corporation Ltd. |
| "xn--kprw13d", // 台湾 Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC) |
| "xn--kpry57d", // 台灣 Taiwan Network Information Center (TWNIC) |
| "xn--l1acc", // мон Datacom Co.,Ltd |
| "xn--lgbbat1ad8j", // الجزائر CERIST |
| "xn--mgb9awbf", // عمان Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) |
| "xn--mgba3a4f16a", // ایران Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) |
| "xn--mgbaam7a8h", // امارات Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) |
| "xn--mgbah1a3hjkrd", // موريتانيا Université de Nouakchott Al Aasriya |
| "xn--mgbai9azgqp6j", // پاکستان National Telecommunication Corporation |
| "xn--mgbayh7gpa", // الاردن National Information Technology Center (NITC) |
| "xn--mgbbh1a", // بارت National Internet eXchange of India |
| "xn--mgbbh1a71e", // بھارت National Internet Exchange of India |
| "xn--mgbc0a9azcg", // المغرب Agence Nationale de Réglementation des Télécommunications (ANRT) |
| "xn--mgbcpq6gpa1a", // البحرين Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) |
| "xn--mgberp4a5d4ar", // السعودية Communications and Information Technology Commission |
| "xn--mgbgu82a", // ڀارت National Internet eXchange of India |
| "xn--mgbpl2fh", // ????? Sudan Internet Society |
| "xn--mgbtx2b", // عراق Communications and Media Commission (CMC) |
| "xn--mgbx4cd0ab", // مليسيا MYNIC Berhad |
| "xn--mix891f", // 澳門 Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation (DSRT) |
| "xn--node", // გე Information Technologies Development Center (ITDC) |
| "xn--o3cw4h", // ไทย Thai Network Information Center Foundation |
| "xn--ogbpf8fl", // سورية National Agency for Network Services (NANS) |
| "xn--p1ai", // рф Coordination Center for TLD RU |
| "xn--pgbs0dh", // تونس Agence Tunisienne d'Internet |
| "xn--q7ce6a", // ລາວ Lao National Internet Center (LANIC) |
| "xn--qxa6a", // ευ EURid vzw/asbl |
| "xn--qxam", // ελ ICS-FORTH GR |
| "xn--rvc1e0am3e", // ഭാരതം National Internet eXchange of India |
| "xn--s9brj9c", // ਭਾਰਤ National Internet Exchange of India |
| "xn--wgbh1c", // مصر National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority - NTRA |
| "xn--wgbl6a", // قطر Communications Regulatory Authority |
| "xn--xkc2al3hye2a", // இலங்கை LK Domain Registry |
| "xn--xkc2dl3a5ee0h", // இந்தியா National Internet Exchange of India |
| "xn--y9a3aq", // ??? Internet Society |
| "xn--yfro4i67o", // 新加坡 Singapore Network Information Centre (SGNIC) Pte Ltd |
| "xn--ygbi2ammx", // فلسطين Ministry of Telecom & Information Technology (MTIT) |
| "ye", // Yemen |
| "yt", // Mayotte |
| "za", // South Africa |
| "zm", // Zambia |
| "zw", // Zimbabwe |
| }; |
| |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static final String[] LOCAL_TLDS = new String[] { |
| "localdomain", // Also widely used as localhost.localdomain |
| "localhost", // RFC2606 defined |
| }; |
| |
| // Additional arrays to supplement or override the built in ones. |
| // The PLUS arrays are valid keys, the MINUS arrays are invalid keys |
| |
| /* |
| * This field is used to detect whether the getInstance has been called. |
| * After this, the method updateTLDOverride is not allowed to be called. |
| * This field does not need to be volatile since it is only accessed from |
| * synchronized methods. |
| */ |
| private static boolean inUse = false; |
| |
| /* |
| * These arrays are mutable. |
| * They can only be updated by the updateTLDOverride method, and readers must first get an instance |
| * using the getInstance methods which are all (now) synchronised. |
| * The only other access is via getTLDEntries which is now synchronised. |
| */ |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static String[] countryCodeTLDsPlus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY; |
| |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static String[] genericTLDsPlus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY; |
| |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static String[] countryCodeTLDsMinus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY; |
| |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static String[] genericTLDsMinus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY; |
| |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static String[] localTLDsMinus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY; |
| |
| // WARNING: this array MUST be sorted, otherwise it cannot be searched reliably using binary search |
| private static String[] localTLDsPlus = EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY; |
| |
| /** |
| * enum used by {@link DomainValidator#updateTLDOverride(ArrayType, String[])} |
| * to determine which override array to update / fetch |
| * @since 1.5.0 |
| * @since 1.5.1 made public and added read-only array references |
| */ |
| public enum ArrayType { |
| /** Update (or get a copy of) the GENERIC_TLDS_PLUS table containing additonal generic TLDs */ |
| GENERIC_PLUS, |
| /** Update (or get a copy of) the GENERIC_TLDS_MINUS table containing deleted generic TLDs */ |
| GENERIC_MINUS, |
| /** Update (or get a copy of) the COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS_PLUS table containing additonal country code TLDs */ |
| COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS, |
| /** Update (or get a copy of) the COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS_MINUS table containing deleted country code TLDs */ |
| COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS, |
| /** Get a copy of the generic TLDS table */ |
| GENERIC_RO, |
| /** Get a copy of the country code table */ |
| COUNTRY_CODE_RO, |
| /** Get a copy of the infrastructure table */ |
| INFRASTRUCTURE_RO, |
| /** Get a copy of the local table */ |
| LOCAL_RO, |
| /** |
| * Update (or get a copy of) the LOCAL_TLDS_PLUS table containing additional local TLDs |
| * @since 1.7 |
| */ |
| LOCAL_PLUS, |
| /** |
| * Update (or get a copy of) the LOCAL_TLDS_MINUS table containing deleted local TLDs |
| * @since 1.7 |
| */ |
| LOCAL_MINUS |
| ; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Used to specify overrides when creating a new class. |
| * @since 1.7 |
| */ |
| public static class Item { |
| final ArrayType type; |
| final String[] values; |
| /** |
| * |
| * @param type ArrayType, e.g. GENERIC_PLUS, LOCAL_PLUS |
| * @param values array of TLDs. Will be lower-cased and sorted |
| */ |
| public Item(ArrayType type, String[] values) { |
| this.type = type; |
| this.values = values; // no need to copy here |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Update one of the TLD override arrays. |
| * This must only be done at program startup, before any instances are accessed using getInstance. |
| * <p> |
| * For example: |
| * <p> |
| * {@code DomainValidator.updateTLDOverride(ArrayType.GENERIC_PLUS, new String[]{"apache"})} |
| * <p> |
| * To clear an override array, provide an empty array. |
| * |
| * @param table the table to update, see {@link DomainValidator.ArrayType} |
| * Must be one of the following |
| * <ul> |
| * <li>COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS</li> |
| * <li>COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS</li> |
| * <li>GENERIC_MINUS</li> |
| * <li>GENERIC_PLUS</li> |
| * <li>LOCAL_MINUS</li> |
| * <li>LOCAL_PLUS</li> |
| * </ul> |
| * @param tlds the array of TLDs, must not be null |
| * @throws IllegalStateException if the method is called after getInstance |
| * @throws IllegalArgumentException if one of the read-only tables is requested |
| * @since 1.5.0 |
| */ |
| public static synchronized void updateTLDOverride(ArrayType table, String [] tlds) { |
| if (inUse) { |
| throw new IllegalStateException("Can only invoke this method before calling getInstance"); |
| } |
| String [] copy = new String[tlds.length]; |
| // Comparisons are always done with lower-case entries |
| for (int i = 0; i < tlds.length; i++) { |
| copy[i] = tlds[i].toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH); |
| } |
| Arrays.sort(copy); |
| switch(table) { |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS: |
| countryCodeTLDsMinus = copy; |
| break; |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS: |
| countryCodeTLDsPlus = copy; |
| break; |
| case GENERIC_MINUS: |
| genericTLDsMinus = copy; |
| break; |
| case GENERIC_PLUS: |
| genericTLDsPlus = copy; |
| break; |
| case LOCAL_MINUS: |
| localTLDsMinus = copy; |
| break; |
| case LOCAL_PLUS: |
| localTLDsPlus = copy; |
| break; |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_RO: |
| case GENERIC_RO: |
| case INFRASTRUCTURE_RO: |
| case LOCAL_RO: |
| throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot update the table: " + table); |
| default: |
| throw new IllegalArgumentException(UNEXPECTED_ENUM_VALUE + table); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Get a copy of a class level internal array. |
| * @param table the array type (any of the enum values) |
| * @return a copy of the array |
| * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the table type is unexpected (should not happen) |
| * @since 1.5.1 |
| */ |
| public static synchronized String [] getTLDEntries(ArrayType table) { |
| final String[] array; |
| switch(table) { |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS: |
| array = countryCodeTLDsMinus; |
| break; |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS: |
| array = countryCodeTLDsPlus; |
| break; |
| case GENERIC_MINUS: |
| array = genericTLDsMinus; |
| break; |
| case GENERIC_PLUS: |
| array = genericTLDsPlus; |
| break; |
| case LOCAL_MINUS: |
| array = localTLDsMinus; |
| break; |
| case LOCAL_PLUS: |
| array = localTLDsPlus; |
| break; |
| case GENERIC_RO: |
| array = GENERIC_TLDS; |
| break; |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_RO: |
| array = COUNTRY_CODE_TLDS; |
| break; |
| case INFRASTRUCTURE_RO: |
| array = INFRASTRUCTURE_TLDS; |
| break; |
| case LOCAL_RO: |
| array = LOCAL_TLDS; |
| break; |
| default: |
| throw new IllegalArgumentException(UNEXPECTED_ENUM_VALUE + table); |
| } |
| return Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length); // clone the array |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Get a copy of an instance level internal array. |
| * @param table the array type (any of the enum values) |
| * @return a copy of the array |
| * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the table type is unexpected, e.g. GENERIC_RO |
| * @since 1.7 |
| */ |
| public String [] getOverrides(ArrayType table) { |
| final String[] array; |
| switch(table) { |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_MINUS: |
| array = mycountryCodeTLDsMinus; |
| break; |
| case COUNTRY_CODE_PLUS: |
| array = mycountryCodeTLDsPlus; |
| break; |
| case GENERIC_MINUS: |
| array = mygenericTLDsMinus; |
| break; |
| case GENERIC_PLUS: |
| array = mygenericTLDsPlus; |
| break; |
| case LOCAL_MINUS: |
| array = mylocalTLDsMinus; |
| break; |
| case LOCAL_PLUS: |
| array = mylocalTLDsPlus; |
| break; |
| default: |
| throw new IllegalArgumentException(UNEXPECTED_ENUM_VALUE + table); |
| } |
| return Arrays.copyOf(array, array.length); // clone the array |
| } |
| /** |
| * Converts potentially Unicode input to punycode. |
| * If conversion fails, returns the original input. |
| * |
| * @param input the string to convert, not null |
| * @return converted input, or original input if conversion fails |
| */ |
| // Needed by UrlValidator |
| static String unicodeToASCII(String input) { |
| if (isOnlyASCII(input)) { // skip possibly expensive processing |
| return input; |
| } |
| try { |
| final String ascii = IDN.toASCII(input); |
| if (IDNBUGHOLDER.IDN_TOASCII_PRESERVES_TRAILING_DOTS) { |
| return ascii; |
| } |
| final int length = input.length(); |
| if (length == 0) {// check there is a last character |
| return input; |
| } |
| // RFC3490 3.1. 1) |
| // Whenever dots are used as label separators, the following |
| // characters MUST be recognized as dots: U+002E (full stop), U+3002 |
| // (ideographic full stop), U+FF0E (fullwidth full stop), U+FF61 |
| // (halfwidth ideographic full stop). |
| char lastChar = input.charAt(length-1);// fetch original last char |
| switch(lastChar) { |
| case '\u002E': // "." full stop |
| case '\u3002': // ideographic full stop |
| case '\uFF0E': // fullwidth full stop |
| case '\uFF61': // halfwidth ideographic full stop |
| return ascii + "."; // restore the missing stop |
| default: |
| return ascii; |
| } |
| } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { // input is not valid |
| return input; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| private static class IDNBUGHOLDER { |
| private static boolean keepsTrailingDot() { |
| final String input = "a."; // must be a valid name |
| return input.equals(IDN.toASCII(input)); |
| } |
| private static final boolean IDN_TOASCII_PRESERVES_TRAILING_DOTS = keepsTrailingDot(); |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * Check if input contains only ASCII |
| * Treats null as all ASCII |
| */ |
| private static boolean isOnlyASCII(String input) { |
| if (input == null) { |
| return true; |
| } |
| for(int i=0; i < input.length(); i++) { |
| if (input.charAt(i) > 0x7F) { // CHECKSTYLE IGNORE MagicNumber |
| return false; |
| } |
| } |
| return true; |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Check if a sorted array contains the specified key |
| * |
| * @param sortedArray the array to search |
| * @param key the key to find |
| * @return {@code true} if the array contains the key |
| */ |
| private static boolean arrayContains(String[] sortedArray, String key) { |
| return Arrays.binarySearch(sortedArray, key) >= 0; |
| } |
| } |
