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| <h1 class="page">Meta-annotations</h1> |
| <div id="preamble"> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Apache Isis supports the use of meta-annotations, as does Spring Boot and the ORM (<a href="../../../pjdo/2.0.0-M3/about.html" class="page">JDO/DataNucleus</a> from DN 5.x, JPA also supports this as of v2.2).</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This allows you to define custom annotations that are more descriptive of your domain model, and meta-annotate your custom annotations with those of Apache Isis, Spring or the ORM. |
| In your domain model, you can just use the custom annotation.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The most common use case is to define meta-annotations for scalar types that are used in properties or parameters.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <a href="../../../docs/2.0.0-M3/starters/simpleapp.html" class="page">SimpleApp</a> starter app illustrates the usage with its <code>@Name</code> meta-annotation:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="title">Name.java</div> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">@Column(length = Name.MAX_LEN, allowsNull = "false") <i class="conum" data-value="1"></i><b>(1)</b> |
| @Property(mustSatisfy = Name.Specification.class, <i class="conum" data-value="2"></i><b>(2)</b> |
| maxLength = Name.MAX_LEN) |
| @Parameter(mustSatisfy = Name.Specification.class, <i class="conum" data-value="3"></i><b>(3)</b> |
| maxLength = Name.MAX_LEN) |
| @ParameterLayout(named = "Name") <i class="conum" data-value="4"></i><b>(4)</b> |
| @Target({ ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD, <i class="conum" data-value="5"></i><b>(5)</b> |
| ElementType.PARAMETER, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE }) |
| @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) <i class="conum" data-value="6"></i><b>(6)</b> |
| public @interface Name { |
| |
| int MAX_LEN = 40; |
| |
| // ... |
| |
| class Specification extends AbstractSpecification2<String> { |
| // ... |
| } |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="colist arabic"> |
| <table> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i><b>1</b></td> |
| <td>ORM annotation</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i><b>2</b></td> |
| <td>Annotations that are inferred if annotated on a property.<br> |
| The <a href="../../../refguide/2.0.0-M3/applib-ant/Property.html#mustSatisfy" class="page"><code>@Property#mustSatisfy()</code></a> allows arbitrary validation rules to be specified for the property.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i><b>3</b></td> |
| <td>Annotations that are inferred if annotated on a parameter<br> |
| The <a href="../../../refguide/2.0.0-M3/applib-ant/Parameter.html#mustSatisfy" class="page"><code>@Parameter#mustSatisfy()</code></a> allows the same validation rules to be specified for the parameter.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="4"></i><b>4</b></td> |
| <td>Layout annotations that are inferred if annotated on a parameter</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="5"></i><b>5</b></td> |
| <td>The locations that the meta annotation can be applied</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="6"></i><b>6</b></td> |
| <td>Required boilerplate to ensure that the meta annotation is part of the bytecode introspected at runtime</td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This annotation is used in the <code>SimpleObject</code> entity, for the "name" property and the "name" parameter of the "updateName()" action:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="title">SimpleObject.java</div> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">import lombok.Getter; |
| import lombok.Setter; |
| import lombok.ToString; |
| import lombok.ToString.Include; |
| |
| @ToString(onlyExplicitlyIncluded = true) |
| public class SimpleObject implements Comparable<SimpleObject> { |
| |
| // ... |
| |
| @Name |
| @Getter @Setter @ToString.Include |
| private String name; |
| |
| // ... |
| public SimpleObject updateName( |
| @Name final String name) { |
| setName(name); |
| return this; |
| } |
| // ... |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="properties-vs-parameters"><a class="anchor" href="#properties-vs-parameters"></a>Properties vs Parameters</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Since the ORM handles persistence, its annotations can only be specified for properties, not for action parameters. |
| Using meta-annotations is a good way to unify the annotations that are required for properties vs parameters.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The table below summarises the equivalence of some of the most common cases.</p> |
| </div> |
| <table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch"> |
| <caption class="title">Table 1. Comparing annotations of Properties vs Action Parameters</caption> |
| <colgroup> |
| <col style="width: 25%;"> |
| <col style="width: 37.5%;"> |
| <col style="width: 37.5%;"> |
| </colgroup> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">value type/semantic</th> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">(JDO) property<br> |
| <code>javax.jdo.annotations</code></th> |
| <th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">action parameter</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">string (length)</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code>@Column(length=50)</code></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code>@Parameter(maxLength=50)</code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">big decimal (precision)</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code>@Column(scale=2)</code></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code>@javax.validation.constraints.Digits(fraction=2)</code></p></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">optionality</p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code>@Column(allowsNull="true")</code></p></td> |
| <td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><code>@javax.annotation.Nullable</code> or <code>ParameterLayout(optionality=OPTIONAL</code>)</p></td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| </div> |
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