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| <div class="edit-this-page"><a href="https://github.com/apache/isis/edit/2.0.0-M3/api/applib/src/main/adoc/modules/applib-svc/pages/CommandContext.adoc">Edit</a></div> |
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| <article class="doc"> |
| <a name="section-top"></a> |
| <h1 class="page"><code>CommandContext</code></h1> |
| <div id="preamble"> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <code>CommandContext</code> service is a <a href="../applib-ant/IsisSessionScope.html" class="page">request-scoped</a> service that reifies the invocation of an action on a domain object into an object itself. |
| This reified information is encapsulated within the <a href="#command"><code>Command</code></a> object.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>By default, the command is held in-memory only; once the action invocation has completed, the command object is gone. |
| The optional supporting <a href="CommandService.html" class="page"><code>CommandService</code></a> enables the implementation of <a href="#command"><code>Command</code></a> to be pluggable. |
| With an appropriate implementation |
| the <a href="#command"><code>Command</code></a> instance may then be persisted.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>There are two main use cases:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>to allow invocation of <code>Command</code>s to be deferred, for example to be invoked in the background</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>to allow <code>Command</code>s to be replicated and replayed to another system (usually for testing or dual-running/migration purposes).</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>This is normally done using the <code>CommandWithDto</code> subtype, that can return a representation of the <code>Command</code> as an XML instance of the <a href="../schema/cmd.html" class="page"><code>cmd.xsd</code></a> schema, which also captures a unique transactionId (GUID) for the command.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="api"><a class="anchor" href="#api"></a>API</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <code>CommandContext</code> request-scoped service defines the following very simple API:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">@Service |
| @Named("isisApplib.CommandContext") |
| @Order(OrderPrecedence.MIDPOINT) |
| @Primary |
| @Qualifier("Default") |
| @IsisSessionScope |
| @Log4j2 |
| public class CommandContext { |
| |
| @Getter |
| private Command command; |
| |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="command"><a class="anchor" href="#command"></a><code>Command</code></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <code>Command</code> type in turn is defined as:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">public interface Command extends HasUniqueId { |
| |
| String getUser(); <i class="conum" data-value="1"></i><b>(1)</b> |
| Timestamp getTimestamp(); <i class="conum" data-value="2"></i><b>(2)</b> |
| Bookmark getTarget(); <i class="conum" data-value="3"></i><b>(3)</b> |
| String getMemberIdentifier(); <i class="conum" data-value="4"></i><b>(4)</b> |
| String getTargetClass(); <i class="conum" data-value="5"></i><b>(5)</b> |
| String getTargetAction(); <i class="conum" data-value="6"></i><b>(6)</b> |
| String getArguments(); <i class="conum" data-value="7"></i><b>(7)</b> |
| String getMemento(); <i class="conum" data-value="8"></i><b>(8)</b> |
| CommandExecuteIn getExecuteIn(); <i class="conum" data-value="9"></i><b>(9)</b> |
| Executor getExecutor(); <i class="conum" data-value="10"></i><b>(10)</b> |
| Timestamp getStartedAt(); <i class="conum" data-value="11"></i><b>(11)</b> |
| Timestamp getCompletedAt(); <i class="conum" data-value="12"></i><b>(12)</b> |
| Command getParent(); <i class="conum" data-value="13"></i><b>(13)</b> |
| String getException(); <i class="conum" data-value="14"></i><b>(14)</b> |
| Bookmark getResult(); <i class="conum" data-value="15"></i><b>(15)</b> |
| CommandPersistence getPersistence(); <i class="conum" data-value="16"></i><b>(16)</b> |
| boolean isPersistHint(); <i class="conum" data-value="17"></i><b>(17)</b> |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="colist arabic"> |
| <table> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="1"></i><b>1</b></td> |
| <td>user that initiated the action.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="2"></i><b>2</b></td> |
| <td>date/time at which this action was created.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="3"></i><b>3</b></td> |
| <td>bookmark of the target object (entity or service) on which this action was performed <.> holds a string representation of the invoked action <.> human-friendly description of the class of the target object <.> human-friendly name of the action invoked on the target object <.> human-friendly description of the arguments with which the action was invoked <.> formal (XML or similar) specification of the action to invoke/being invoked <.> whether this command is executed in the foreground or background |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">public enum CommandExecuteIn { |
| FOREGROUND, |
| BACKGROUND, |
| REPLAYABLE, |
| EXCLUDED |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="4"></i><b>4</b></td> |
| <td>the (current) executor of this command: |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">enum Executor { |
| USER, |
| BACKGROUND, |
| OTHER |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="5"></i><b>5</b></td> |
| <td>date/time at which this action started (same as <code>timestamp</code> property for foreground commands) <.> date/time at which this action completed.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="6"></i><b>6</b></td> |
| <td>for actions created through the <code>BackgroundService</code>, captures the parent action <.> exception stack trace, if action threw exception <.> bookmark to object returned by action, if any <.> the policy controlling whether this command should ultimately be persisted: |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">public enum CommandPersistence { |
| |
| PERSISTED, |
| IF_HINTED, |
| NOT_PERSISTED |
| |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><i class="conum" data-value="7"></i><b>7</b></td> |
| <td>whether that the command should be persisted, if persistence policy is "if hinted".</td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="implementation"><a class="anchor" href="#implementation"></a>Implementation</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <code>o.a.i.applib.services.command.CommandContext</code> is also the default implementation of the service.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The implementation of <code>Command</code> will provided by the <a href="CommandService.html" class="page"><code>CommandService</code></a> SPI.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="usage"><a class="anchor" href="#usage"></a>Usage</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The typical way to indicate that an action should be treated as a command is to annotate it with the <a href="../applib-ant/Action.html#command" class="page"><code>@Action#command()</code></a> annotation.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For example:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">public class ToDoItem ... { |
| @Action(command=CommandReification.ENABLED) |
| public ToDoItem completed() { /* ... */ } |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>As an alternative to annotating every action with <a href="../applib-ant/Action.html#command" class="page"><code>@Action#command()</code></a>, use the <a href="../config/sections/isis.applib.html#isis.applib.annotation.action.command" class="page"><code>isis.applib.annotation.action.command</code></a> to define a global default.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="interacting-with-the-services"><a class="anchor" href="#interacting-with-the-services"></a>Interacting with the services</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Typically domain objects will have little need to interact with the <code>CommandContext</code> and <code>Command</code> directly; what is more useful is that these are persisted in support of the various use cases identified above.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>One case however where a domain object might want to obtain the <code>Command</code> is to determine whether it has been invoked in the foreground, or in the background. |
| It can do this using the <code>getExecutedIn()</code> method:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Although not often needed, this then allows the domain object to access the <code>Command</code> object through the <code>CommandContext</code> service. |
| To expand the above example:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="listingblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java">public class ToDoItem ... { |
| @Action( |
| command=CommandReification.ENABLED, |
| commandExecuteIn=CommandExecuteIn.BACKGROUND |
| ) |
| public ToDoItem completed() { |
| ... |
| Command currentCommand = commandContext.getCommand(); |
| ... |
| } |
| @Inject |
| CommandContext commandContext; |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="related-services"><a class="anchor" href="#related-services"></a>Related Services</h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The implementation of <a href="#command"><code>Command</code></a> is provided by the <a href="CommandService.html" class="page"><code>CommandService</code></a>. |
| The default implementation of that service creates an in-memory instance, but other implementations might choose to persist the <code>Command</code>, eg so its execution can be deferred, or replayed.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>The <a href="CommandContext.html" class="page"><code>CommandContext</code></a> service itself is very similar in nature to the <a href="InteractionContext.html" class="page"><code>InteractionContext</code></a>, in that the <code>Command</code> object accessed through it is very similar to the <a href="InteractionContext.html#interaction" class="page"><code>Interaction</code></a> object obtained from the <code>InteractionContext</code>. |
| The principle distinction is that while <code>Command</code> represents the <em>intention</em> to invoke an action or edit a property, the <code>Interaction</code> (and contained <code>Execution</code>s) represents the actual execution.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><code>Command</code>s are often combined with implementations of the <a href="PublisherService.html" class="page"><code>PublisherService</code></a> and sometimes also the <a href="AuditerService.html" class="page"><code>AuditerService</code></a>:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>the <code>PublisherService</code> publishes interactions as they have is configured, they provide better traceability as the <code>Command</code> is also correlated with any published events, again through the unique <code>transactionId</code> GUID</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>if a <code>AuditerService</code> is configured, they provide better audit information, since the <code>Command</code> (the 'cause' of an action) can be correlated to the audit records (the "effect" of the action) through the <code>transactionId</code> GUID</p> |
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