| <!DOCTYPE html> |
| <html lang="en"> |
| <head> |
| <meta charset="utf-8"> |
| <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0"> |
| <title>Defining application queries | Apache Cassandra Documentation</title> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../../assets/css/site.css"> |
| <link rel="schema.dcterms" href="https://purl.org/dc/terms/"> |
| <meta name="dcterms.subject" content="Cassandra"> |
| <meta name="dcterms.identifier" content="trunk"> |
| <meta name="generator" content="Antora 2.3.4"> |
| <link rel="icon" href="../../../../../assets/img/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> |
| <script> |
| const script = document.createElement("script"); |
| const domain = window.location.hostname; |
| script.type = "text/javascript"; |
| script.src = "https://plausible.cassandra.apache.org/js/plausible.js"; |
| script.setAttribute("data-domain",domain); |
| script.setAttribute("defer",'true'); |
| script.setAttribute("async",'true'); |
| document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(script); |
| </script> </head> |
| <body class="docs-wrapper article"> |
| <div class="container mx-auto relative"> |
| <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.0/jquery.min.js"></script> |
| <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> |
| <meta property="og:url" content="/" /> |
| <meta property="og:site_name" content="Apache Cassandra" /> |
| |
| <header id="top-nav"> |
| <div class="inner relative"> |
| <div class="header-social-icons text-right"> |
| <a href="https://twitter.com/cassandra?lang=en" target="_blank" styles="margin-left: 20px;"><img src="../../../../../assets/img/twitter-icon-circle-white.svg" alt="twitter icon" width="24"></a> |
| <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/apache-cassandra/" target="_blank" styles="margin-left: 20px;"><img src="../../../../../assets/img/LI-In-Bug.png" alt="linked-in icon" width="24"></a> |
| <a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/PlanetCassandra" target="_blank" styles="margin-left: 20px;"><img src="../../../../../assets/img/youtube-icon.png" alt="youtube icon" width="24"></a> |
| </div> |
| <div class="cf"> |
| <div class="logo left"><a href="/"><img src="../../../../../assets/img/logo-white-r.png" alt="Cassandra Logo"></a></div> |
| <div class="mobile-nav-icon right"> |
| <img class="toggle-icon" src="../../../../../assets/img/hamburger-nav.svg"> |
| </div> |
| <ul class="main-nav nav-links right flex flex-vert-center flex-space-between"> |
| <li> |
| <a class="nav-link hide-mobile">Get Started</a> |
| <ul class="sub-menu bg-white"> |
| <li class="pa-micro"> |
| <a href="/_/cassandra-basics.html"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-basics.png" alt="cassandra basics icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Cassandra Basics |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro"> |
| <a href="/_/quickstart.html"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-rocket.png" alt="cassandra basics icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Quickstart |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro"> |
| <a href="/_/ecosystem.html"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-ecosystem.png" alt="cassandra basics icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Ecosystem |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a class="nav-link" href="/doc/latest/">Documentation</a></li> |
| <li> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="/_/community.html">Community</a> |
| <ul class="sub-menu bg-white"> |
| <li class="pa-micro"> |
| <a href="/_/community.html#code-of-conduct"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-welcome.png" alt="welcome icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Welcome |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro hide-mobile"> |
| <a href="/_/community.html#discussions"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-discussions.png" alt="discussions icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Discussions |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro hide-mobile"> |
| <a href="/_/community.html#project-governance"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-governance.png" alt="Governance icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Governance |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro hide-mobile"> |
| <a href="/_/community.html#how-to-contribute"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-contribute.png" alt="Contribute icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Contribute |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro hide-mobile"> |
| <a href="/_/community.html#meet-the-community"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-community.png" alt="Meet the Community icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Meet the Community |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro hide-mobile"> |
| <a href="/_/cassandra-catalyst-program.html"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-catalyst.png" alt="Catalyst icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Catalyst Program |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro hide-mobile"> |
| <a href="/_/events.html"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-events.png" alt="Events icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Events |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <a class="nav-link hide-mobile">Learn</a> |
| <ul class="sub-menu bg-white"> |
| <li class="pa-micro"> |
| <a href="/_/Apache-Cassandra-5.0-Moving-Toward-an-AI-Driven-Future.html"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-basics.png" alt="Basics icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Cassandra 5.0 |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro"> |
| <a href="/_/case-studies.html"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-case-study.png" alt="Case Studies icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Case Studies |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro"> |
| <a href="/_/resources.html"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-resources.png" alt="Resources icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Resources |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="pa-micro"> |
| <a href="/_/blog.html"> |
| <div class="sub-nav-icon"> |
| <img src="../../../../../assets/img/sub-menu-blog.png" alt="Blog icon"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sub-nav-text teal py-small"> |
| Blog |
| </div> |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a class="nav-link btn btn--filled" href="/_/download.html">Download Now</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </header> |
| |
| <div class="hero hero--home grad"> |
| <div class="eye"></div> |
| <div id="docs-content" class="text-center flex flex-center flex-column relative z2 ma-xlarge"> |
| <h2>Cassandra Documentation</h2> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="body px-medium py-medium container"> |
| <div class="docs-nav-bar flex flex-space-between mb-medium"> |
| <div id="mobile-docs-nav-burger" class="hidden"> |
| <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="36" height="36" stroke="#1c81a0" stroke-width="2.5" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="css-i6dzq1"><line x1="3" y1="12" x2="21" y2="12"></line><line x1="3" y1="6" x2="21" y2="6"></line><line x1="3" y1="18" x2="21" y2="18"></line></svg> |
| </div> |
| <div class="docs-nav-item relative"> |
| <input id="search-input" type="text" placeholder="Search docs"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="versions-wrapper"> |
| <h4>Version:</h4> |
| <div class="nav-panel-explore" data-panel="explore"> |
| |
| <div id="version-toggle" class="context"> |
| <span class="version">trunk</span> |
| </div> |
| <ul id="versions-list" class="components"> |
| <li class="component"> |
| <ul class="versions"> |
| <li class="version is-latest"> |
| <a href="../../../../../_/index.html">master</a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="component is-current"> |
| <ul class="versions"> |
| <li class="version is-current"> |
| <a href="../../../index.html">trunk</a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="version"> |
| <a href="../../../../5.0/index.html">5.0</a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="version is-latest"> |
| <a href="../../../../4.1/index.html">4.1</a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="version"> |
| <a href="../../../../4.0/index.html">4.0</a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="version"> |
| <a href="../../../../3.11/index.html">3.11</a> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> </div> |
| <div class="cf relative"> |
| <nav class="nav docs-nav full-800"> |
| <div class="nav-menu"> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item is-active" data-depth="0"> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="1"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../index.html">Main</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/glossary.html">Glossary</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/bugs.html">How to report bugs</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/contactus.html">Contact us</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/index.html">Development</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/gettingstarted.html">Getting started</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/ide.html">Building and IDE integration</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/testing.html">Testing</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/patches.html">Contributing code changes</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/code_style.html">Code style</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/how_to_review.html">Review checklist</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/how_to_commit.html">How to commit</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/documentation.html">Working on documentation</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/ci.html">Jenkins CI environment</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/dependencies.html">Dependency management</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../../../../_/development/release_process.html">Release process</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item is-active" data-depth="0"> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item is-current-path is-active" data-depth="1"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <span class="nav-text">Cassandra</span> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../overview/faq/index.html">FAQ</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/index.html">Getting Started</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/cassandra-quickstart.html">Cassandra Quickstart</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/sai-quickstart.html">SAI Quickstart</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/vector-search-quickstart.html">Vector Search Quickstart</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../installing/installing.html">Installing Cassandra</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/configuring.html">Configuring Cassandra</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/querying.html">Inserting and querying</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/drivers.html">Client drivers</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/production.html">Production recommendations</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../new/index.html">What’s new</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../reference/java17.html">Support for Java</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../architecture/index.html">Architecture</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../architecture/overview.html">Overview</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../architecture/dynamo.html">Dynamo</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../architecture/storage-engine.html">Storage Engine</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../architecture/guarantees.html">Guarantees</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../architecture/messaging.html">Improved Internode Messaging</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../architecture/streaming.html">Improved Streaming</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item is-current-path is-active" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="index.html">Data Modeling</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="intro.html">Introduction</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="data-modeling_conceptual.html">Conceptual data modeling</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="data-modeling_rdbms.html">RDBMS design</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item is-current-page is-active" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="data-modeling_queries.html">Defining application queries</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="data-modeling_logical.html">Logical data modeling</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="data-modeling_physical.html">Physical data modeling</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="data-modeling_refining.html">Evaluating and refining data models</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="data-modeling_schema.html">Defining database schema</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="data-modeling_tools.html">Cassandra data modeling tools</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/index.html">Cassandra Query Language (CQL)</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/definitions.html">Definitions</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/types.html">Data types</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/ddl.html">Data definition (DDL)</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/dml.html">Data manipulation (DML)</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/dynamic-data-masking.html">Dynamic Data Masking (DDM)</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/operators.html">Operators</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/indexing-concepts.html">Indexing concepts</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/sai/sai-overview.html">SAI Overview</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/sai/sai-concepts.html">Concepts</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/sai-quickstart.html">SAI Quickstart</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/sai/sai-faq.html">SAI FAQ</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/sai/sai-working-with.html">Working with SAI</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/sai/operations/sai-operations.html">SAI operations</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/2i/2i-overview.html">Secondary indexes (2i) overview</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/2i/2i-concepts.html">Concepts</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/2i/2i-working-with.html">Working with 2i</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/indexing/2i/operations/2i-build.html">Rebuild 2i</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/mvs.html">Materialized views</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/functions.html">Functions</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/json.html">JSON</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/security.html">Security</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/triggers.html">Triggers</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/appendices.html">Appendices</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/changes.html">Changes</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/SASI.html">SASI</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../cql/cql_singlefile.html">Single file of CQL information</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../vector-search/overview.html">Vector Search overview</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../vector-search/concepts.html">Concepts</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../vector-search/data-modeling.html">Data Modeling</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../getting-started/vector-search-quickstart.html">Vector Search Quickstart</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../vector-search/vector-search-working-with.html">Working with Vector Search</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/index.html">Managing</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/configuration/index.html">Configuring</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/configuration/cass_yaml_file.html">cassandra.yaml</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/configuration/cass_rackdc_file.html">cassandra-rackdc.properties</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/configuration/cass_env_sh_file.html">cassandra-env.sh</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/configuration/cass_topo_file.html">cassandra-topologies.properties</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/configuration/cass_cl_archive_file.html">commitlog-archiving.properties</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/configuration/cass_logback_xml_file.html">logback.xml</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/configuration/cass_jvm_options_file.html">jvm-* files</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/configuration/configuration.html">Liberating cassandra.yaml Parameters' Names from Their Units</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/index.html">Operating</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/backups.html">Backups</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/bloom_filters.html">Bloom filters</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/bulk_loading.html">Bulk loading</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/cdc.html">Change Data Capture (CDC)</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/compaction/index.html">Compaction</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/compression.html">Compression</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/hardware.html">Hardware</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/hints.html">Hints</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/logging.html">Logging</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/auditlogging.html">Audit logging</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/audit_logging.html">Audit logging 2</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="5"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/fqllogging.html">Full query logging</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/metrics.html">Monitoring metrics</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/repair.html">Repair</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/read_repair.html">Read repair</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/security.html">Security</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/snitch.html">Snitches</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/topo_changes.html">Topology changes</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/transientreplication.html">Transient replication</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/operating/virtualtables.html">Virtual tables</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/tools/index.html">Tools</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/tools/cqlsh.html">cqlsh: the CQL shell</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/tools/nodetool/nodetool.html">nodetool</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../managing/tools/sstable/index.html">SSTable tools</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="4"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="#cassandra:managing/tools/cassandra_stress.adoc">cassandra-stress</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../troubleshooting/index.html">Troubleshooting</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../troubleshooting/finding_nodes.html">Finding misbehaving nodes</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../troubleshooting/reading_logs.html">Reading Cassandra logs</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../troubleshooting/use_nodetool.html">Using nodetool</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../troubleshooting/use_tools.html">Using external tools to deep-dive</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <button class="nav-toggle"></button> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../reference/index.html">Reference</a> |
| </span> |
| <ul class="nav-list"> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../reference/cql-commands/alter-table.html">ALTER TABLE</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../reference/cql-commands/create-index.html">CREATE INDEX</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../reference/cql-commands/create-custom-index.html">CREATE CUSTOM INDEX</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../reference/cql-commands/create-table.html">CREATE TABLE</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../reference/cql-commands/drop-index.html">DROP INDEX</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="3"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../reference/cql-commands/drop-table.html">DROP TABLE</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li class="nav-item" data-depth="2"> |
| <span class="nav-line"> |
| <a class="nav-link" href="../../integrating/plugins/index.html">Plug-ins</a> |
| </span> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </nav> |
| <aside class="toc sidebar"> |
| <div class="toc-menu"></div> |
| </aside> |
| <main class="article default-main full-800" data-ceiling="topbar"> |
| <div class="article-banner"> |
| <p>You are viewing the documentation for a prerelease version.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="article-header"> |
| <nav class="crumbs" aria-label="breadcrumbs"> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="crumb">Cassandra</li> |
| <li class="crumb"><a href="index.html">Data Modeling</a></li> |
| <li class="crumb"><a href="data-modeling_queries.html">Defining application queries</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </nav> |
| <div class="tools" role="navigation"> |
| <ul> |
| <li class="tool edit"><a href="https://github.com/apache/cassandra/edit/trunk/doc/modules/cassandra/pages/developing/data-modeling/data-modeling_queries.adoc" title="Edit Page" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Edit</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <article class="doc"> |
| <h1 class="page">Defining application queries</h1> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Let’s try the query-first approach to start designing the data model for |
| a hotel application. The user interface design for the application is |
| often a great artifact to use to begin identifying queries. Let’s assume |
| that you’ve talked with the project stakeholders and your UX designers |
| have produced user interface designs or wireframes for the key use |
| cases. You’ll likely have a list of shopping queries like the following:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Q1. Find hotels near a given point of interest.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Q2. Find information about a given hotel, such as its name and |
| location.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Q3. Find points of interest near a given hotel.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Q4. Find an available room in a given date range.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Q5. Find the rate and amenities for a room.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>It is often helpful to be able to refer to queries by a shorthand number |
| rather that explaining them in full. The queries listed here are |
| numbered Q1, Q2, and so on, which is how they are referenced in diagrams |
| throughout the example.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Now if the application is to be a success, you’ll certainly want |
| customers to be able to book reservations at hotels. This includes steps |
| such as selecting an available room and entering their guest |
| information. So clearly you will also need some queries that address the |
| reservation and guest entities from the conceptual data model. Even |
| here, however, you’ll want to think not only from the customer |
| perspective in terms of how the data is written, but also in terms of |
| how the data will be queried by downstream use cases.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>You natural tendency as might be to focus first on designing the tables |
| to store reservation and guest records, and only then start thinking |
| about the queries that would access them. You may have felt a similar |
| tension already when discussing the shopping queries before, thinking |
| “but where did the hotel and point of interest data come from?” Don’t |
| worry, you will see soon enough. Here are some queries that describe how |
| users will access reservations:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Q6. Lookup a reservation by confirmation number.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Q7. Lookup a reservation by hotel, date, and guest name.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Q8. Lookup all reservations by guest name.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Q9. View guest details.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>All of the queries are shown in the context of the workflow of the |
| application in the figure below. Each box on the diagram represents a |
| step in the application workflow, with arrows indicating the flows |
| between steps and the associated query. If you’ve modeled the |
| application well, each step of the workflow accomplishes a task that |
| “unlocks” subsequent steps. For example, the “View hotels near POI” task |
| helps the application learn about several hotels, including their unique |
| keys. The key for a selected hotel may be used as part of Q2, in order |
| to obtain detailed description of the hotel. The act of booking a room |
| creates a reservation record that may be accessed by the guest and hotel |
| staff at a later time through various additional queries.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="imageblock"> |
| <div class="content"> |
| <img src="cassandra:developing/data-modeling/data-modeling_hotel_queries.png" alt="image"> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p><em>Material adapted from Cassandra, The Definitive Guide. Published by |
| O’Reilly Media, Inc. Copyright © 2020 Jeff Carpenter, Eben Hewitt. All |
| rights reserved. Used with permission.</em></p> |
| </div> |
| </article> |
| </main> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <footer class="grad grad--two flex-center pb-xlarge"> |
| <div class="inner text-center z2 relative"> |
| <h2 class="white py-small">Get started with Cassandra, fast.</h2> |
| <a id="footer-cta" href="/_/quickstart.html" class="btn btn--filled ma-medium">Quickstart Guide</a> |
| </div> |
| <div class="inner flex flex-distribute-items mt-xlarge z2 relative"> |
| <div class="col-2"> |
| <div id="footer-logo" class="logo logo--footer mb-medium"><img src="../../../../../assets/img/logo-white-r.png" alt="Cassandra Logo"></div> |
| <p>Apache Cassandra<img src="../../../../../assets/img/registered.svg" alt="®" style="width:18px;"> powers mission-critical deployments with improved performance and unparalleled levels of scale in the cloud.</p> |
| <div class="footer-social-icons"> |
| <a href="https://twitter.com/cassandra?lang=en" target="_blank"><img src="../../../../../assets/img/twitter-icon-circle-white.svg" alt="twitter icon" width="24"></a> |
| <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/apache-cassandra/" target="_blank"><img src="../../../../../assets/img/LI-In-Bug.png" alt="linked-in icon" width="24"></a> |
| <a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/PlanetCassandra" target="_blank"><img src="../../../../../assets/img/youtube-icon.png" alt="youtube icon" width="24"></a> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="col-2 flex flex-center"> |
| <ul class="columns-2"> |
| <li class="mb-small"><a href="/">Home</a></li> |
| <li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/cassandra-basics.html">Cassandra Basics</a></li> |
| <li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/quickstart.html">Quickstart</a></li> |
| <li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/ecosystem.html">Ecosystem</a></li> |
| <li class="mb-small"><a href="/doc/latest/">Documentation</a></li> |
| <li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/community.html">Community</a></li> |
| <li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/case-studies.html">Case Studies</a></li> |
| <li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/resources.html">Resources</a></li> |
| <li class="mb-small"><a href="/_/blog.html">Blog</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </footer> |
| <div class="lower-footer bg-white pa-medium"> |
| <div class="flex flex-row flex-vert-center"> |
| <div class="pr-medium"><img src="../../../../../assets/img//feather-small.png" alt="ASF" width="20"></div> |
| <div class="pr-medium"><a href="http://www.apache.org/" target="_blank">Foundation</a></div> |
| <div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/events/current-event.html" target="_blank">Events</a></div> |
| <div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank">License</a></div> |
| <div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks" target="_blank">Thanks</a></div> |
| <div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/security" target="_blank">Security</a></div> |
| <div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://privacy.apache.org/policies/privacy-policy-public.html" target="_blank">Privacy</a></div> |
| <div class="pr-medium"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship" target="_blank">Sponsorship</a></div> |
| </div> |
| <p class="my-medium">© 2009-<script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear())</script> <a href="https://apache.org" target="_blank">The Apache Software Foundation</a> under the terms of the Apache License 2.0. Apache, the Apache feather logo, Apache Cassandra, Cassandra, and the Cassandra logo, are either registered trademarks or trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div id="fade" class="hidden"></div> |
| <div id="modal" class="hidden"> |
| <div id="close-modal" class="cursor-pointer"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="css-i6dzq1"><line x1="18" y1="6" x2="6" y2="18"></line><line x1="6" y1="6" x2="18" y2="18"></line></svg></div> |
| <div id="mod-content" class="vid-mod-content resp-container"></div> |
| </div> |
| <script src="../../../../../assets/js/site.js"></script> |
| <script async src="../../../../../assets/js/vendor/highlight.js"></script> |
| <script src="../../../../../assets/js/vendor/lunr.js"></script> |
| <script src="../../../../../assets/js/vendor/search.js" id="search-script" data-base-path="../../../../.." data-page-path="/Cassandra/trunk/cassandra/developing/data-modeling/data-modeling_queries.html"></script> |
| <script async src="../../../../../assets/../search-index.js"></script> |
| <script> |
| jQuery(function(){ |
| var windowW = $(window).width(); |
| $(document) |
| .on('click','.mobile-nav-icon',function(){ |
| $('.main-nav').fadeIn(); |
| }) |
| .on('click','.main-nav',function(){ |
| if(windowW <= 1000){ |
| $(this).fadeOut(); |
| } |
| }) |
| .on('click','#version-toggle',function(){ |
| $(this).toggleClass('active'); |
| $(this).next().fadeToggle(); |
| }) |
| .on('click','#mobile-docs-nav-burger', function(){ |
| $(this).toggleClass('active'); |
| $('.docs-nav').toggleClass('active'); |
| }); |
| var url = window.location.pathname; |
| var isQuickstart = url.includes('quickstart.html'); |
| if(isQuickstart){ |
| var footerCTA = document.getElementById('footer-cta'); |
| footerCTA.innerHTML = 'Get latest updates'; |
| footerCTA.setAttribute('href', '/_/blog.html'); |
| } |
| }); |
| </script> |
| </div> |
| </body> |
| </html> |
